Kev tsim kho cov cuab yeej tsim muaj nrog rau cov kev cai uas cov tib neeg tso rau hauv chaw los yog chaw ua haujlwm. Lub tsev yog tsim los ntawm kev pab los ntawm cov khoom dab tsi nws sab hauv, ua li cas thiaj muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab ruaj khov - nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau tus neeg niaj hnub no.
Txog aerocrete
Cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no yuav tsum ua raws li ntau yam tsis muaj. Niaj hnub no, tus neeg yuav khoom tsim ib qho kev txwv ntawm cov khoom siv:
- Environmentally friendliness - qee zaus qhov kev pheej yig pheej yig rau hauv tsis tau sai sai rau cov kab mob, vim hais tias cov khoom muaj nqi pheej yig tsis muaj ib phau ntawv hla tebchaws thiab feem ntau muaj formaldehyde, phenol thiab lwm yam carcinogens;
- yooj yim ntawm kev siv los yog nruab;
- siab hnyav txoj kev xav index;
- Frost tsis kam;
- me me yuag;
- incombustibility;
- kev kub hnyav siab ntawm kev kub-insulating tsis;
- suab rwb thaiv tsev;
- tus nqi tsim nyog.
Koj puas paub? Yuav kom muaj kev so zoo, tus neeg xav pw hauv tsev ntoo. - 6 teev, nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev cib - 8 teev, nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev siab siab ntawm qhob slabs - 12 teev. Lub pob zeb ua vaj tse hauv daim ntawv no yuav siv ob qhov chaw tom qab ntoo. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias ib tus neeg xav tau 7 xuab moos xwb los so hauv nws.
Siv tag nrho cov kev cai no yog ua los ntawm cov pob zeb siv aerated - cov khoom siv niaj hnub no, uas yog qhov chaw ua kom khov thiab ua dav siv los ua ib tus neeg siv.
Nws yog ib qho thaiv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pob zeb sib txawv, uas cov roj npuas nyob ntawm 80% ntawm qhov ntim.
Los ntawm nws cov khoom tsuas siv ecologically harmless Cheebtsam yog siv. Lub ntsiab ntawm cov hmoov sib xyaw rau yav tom ntej nplov yog quartz xuab zeb (60%), hauv qhov sib npaug thiab cov cement (20%), txhuas hmoov (0.5-1%) thiab dej siv. 
Raws li tus qauv ntawm nws cov khoom, autoclave thiab non-autoclaved aerated qhob yog txawv.
Nws yuav pab tau rau koj kom paub txhawm rau txhim kho tus gable, chetyrekhskatnuyu thiab mansard ru tsev, thiab yuav ua li cas ru tsev lub ru tsev nrog ondulin los yog hlau cov pob zeb.
Autoclaved pob zeb ntau lawm txoj kev muaj qhov tswv yim no:
- quartz xuab zeb yog muab tso rau hauv cov mills muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm pob sib tsoo, hauv cov nruas muaj cov khoom, uas zom cov xuab zeb mus rau lub xeev ntawm hmoov av;
- crushed xuab zeb, xis mas thiab txiv qaub yog tov nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv tshwj xeeb;
- dej thiab txhuas txhuas yog ntxiv rau cov khoom sib xyaw. Raws li ib tug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm txiv qaub thiab aluminium tshem tawm, hydrogen yog tau. Nws cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub sib tov (thiab ces nyob rau hauv lub tiav lawm khoom) ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm voids - los ntawm 1 mus rau 2 mm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb;
- qhov sib tov yog poured rau hauv molds, tawm hauv ib feem plaub unfilled. Nyob rau theem no, qhov sib tov zoo li ib qho poov xab noj - tom qab 2-3 xuab moos nws tsis tsuas nce mus rau ntawm ntug ntawm cov pwm, tab sis kuj muaj sij hawm ua rau tawv nqaij. Humidity nyob rau hauv chav tsev uas tsim cov pob zeb aerated yog tsim tawm;
- Cov khoom uas tawv tawv tau muab txiav rau cov nplaum ntawm tib qho loj, sab sab nrauv uas yog ci ntsa iab;
- tom qab ntawd, cov blocks tau muab tso rau hauv ib qho autoclave, uas yuav tsum siv sijhawm rau 12 teev ntawm qhov kub ntawm 191 ° C thiab ntawm qhov siab ntawm 12 atmospheres. Autoclaving pub rau tau txais cov kev hloov xws li hauv cov qauv ntawm cov pob zeb aerated, uas tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob - tobermorite, uas muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo, nrog rau kev muaj zog thiab txo shrinkage. Tam sim ntawd tom qab kho cov cua sov, cov khoom siv muaj qe menyuam txog 30%, uas txo 5-10% ntawm lub xyoo;
- Cov npuaj npuaj npoo muaj cov khoom ntim thiab xa rov qab rau cov neeg siv.
Zog ntawm cov cuab yeej uas tsis yog autoclaved aerated sib txawv ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom kis mus rau theem ntawm autoclaving. Nws yog ib qho khov uas cement-xuab zeb mortar, ho tsis zoo hauv nws cov khub.
Yees duab: autoclaved aerated qhob hlau tshuab
Hom aerated qhob blocks
Aerated ua pob zeb sib txawv hauv lawv lub hom phiaj thiab daim ntawv.
Koj puas paub? Roj sculptors yog nquag siv los ntawm sculptors, vim hais tias nws lub teeb thiab tsim nyog tus nqi pub rau koj tsim masterpieces nrog tsawg lub cev thiab nyiaj txiag. Tsaug rau lub pob zeb no, ib qho tseem ceeb hauv daim duab - Ytong Art.
Yog tau teem sijhawm, lawv:
- tshav kub insulating - Qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lawv cov khoom yuav tsum yog ua kom kub hauv chav. Feem ntau lawv qhov sib txawv ntawm D 350, lub zog 0.7-1 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.08-0.09 W / (mS). Lawv lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog tias ntau lub qhov hws, tab sis lawv muab cov hluav taws xob thiab lub rwb thaiv tsev zoo, tab sis tsis zoo rau lub zog ntawm kev lag luam;
- constructive kub-insulating - qhov "Golden txhais" tsis yog khaws cov cua kub zoo hauv lub tsev thiab tiv thaiv nws ntawm suab nrov, tab sis kuj tseem muaj zog dua piv rau cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Xws li cov khoom muaj cim nrog D 400, thermal conductivity coefficient ntawm 0.1 W / (mS) thiab lub zog ntawm 1-1.5 MPa. Nws yog qhov zoo tsis tas rau cov veneering lwm cov phab ntsa, tab sis kuj rau kev tsim kho ntawm sab nrauv thiab load-bearing phab ntsa;
- kev tsim kho - Cov yam ntxwv ntawm hom no yog cov yam ntxwv nram qab no: D 500 qib, thermal conductivity 0.12 W / (mS), lub zog ntawm 2 MPa. Yog hais tias qhov kev xaiv nres ntawm qhov kev pom no, vim li ntawd, tus qauv npaj tseg yuav muaj zog, ntsiag to, sov sov rau lub caij ntuj no thiab txias thaum caij ntuj sov.
Hauv daim ntawv:
- qhov system zuaj zawg thiab tuav tes - zoo heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom. Qhov no yog ib yam khoom zoo uas ho ua rau kom muaj kev khiav ntawm kev tsim kho thiab txo cov nqi khoom tawg. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog qhov yooj yim txav cov blocks uas muab tuav rau ob txhais tes dua li polished parallelepipeds. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no yuav txuag tau cov tshuaj nplaum, vim tias ua tsaug rau qhov groove-ridge system, qhov nqes ntsug tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho ntxiv. Tab sis feem ntau hom no muaj tsawg lub cev tsis zoo li cov qauv zoo tib yam;
- nrog cov tiaj tiaj thiab tuav tes - tsim rau txhua hom ntawm lub pob txha. Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm kev sib zog zoo zog thiab yooj yim ntawm installation;
- horseshoe-puab blocks - tsim nyog rau tsim kom muaj cov tub rog npog, thaiv tav toj saum lub qhov rais thiab qhov rooj, formwork thaum tsim lintels thiab kab teeb.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev siv ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv, Fabkis thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees yog ua (80% ntawm kev tsim kho). Nyob rau hauv ob qhov chaw yog Spain (55%). Conservative Britain kuj them nyiaj txiaj rau qhov kev tsim kho txuj ci tseem ceeb - nws tau thib peb hauv Europe rau nws siv - 40% ntawm cov khoom siv tsim tsa los ntawm cov cuab yeej aerated qhob.
Zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej aerated concrete
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom no muaj ntau yam:
- kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig - los ntawm nws cov khoom siv tsuas yog ntuj tsim;
- luv nqi - qhov no cov pob zeb tseeb yog pheej yig dua lwm cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev;
- siab zog;
- lub luj qeeb - tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam ntxiv rau kev tsim kho thiab tsis pub hnyav thiab tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm phab ntsa thiab lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev;
- muab cov cua sov thaiv kom zoo - qhov no muaj txiaj ntsig rau tus qauv ntawm cov pob zeb ua kab foamed;
- yooj yim ntawm installation - ua tsaug rau loj loj ntawm cov blocks, grips, grooves thiab ridges tso cai rau cov khoom yuav tsum tau yooj yim thauj thiab muab nws txoj cai loj;
- tshav kub rwb thaiv tsev - ib txheej ntawm aerated qhob blocks, tso rau sab saum toj ntawm lub façade ntawm lub tsev, yuav ua kom lub preservation ntawm tshav kub hauv tsev ntau xyoo;
- suab rwb thaiv tsev;
- vapor permeability - tus qauv ntxeem tau tso cai rau ob peb leeg yws tawm hauv chav;
- guaranteed zoo - nyob rau hauv factories, tswj thiab muaj ntawm ib daim ntawv pov thawj zoo rau cov khoom yog obligatory;
- hluav taws tsis kam - nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv tsis muaj combustible thiab combustion-txhawb yam.
Kho nyob hauv ib lub tsev lossis lub tsev yuav tsum npaj ua ntej ua ntej. Tias yog vim li cas nws thiaj li yuav pab tau koj kom kawm: Yuav ua li cas tshem tawm cov xim ntawm phab ntsa, thiab ua kom zoo ntawm lub qab nthab, yuav ua li cas tuav dej hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug, yuav ua li cas rau ib lub phab ntsa thiab hloov, yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau lub plasterboard faib nrog qhov rooj lossis yuav ua li cas sheathe phab ntsa nrog plasterboard.
Xeev cov aerated qhob blocks
Txawm hais tias daim ntawv teev cov txiaj ntsim ntawm aerated qhob yog zoo heev, cov khoom muaj nws cov teeb meem. Cov yav tas muaj xws li:
- tsawg ntom (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum compression);
- muaj peev xwm nqus thiab tuav dej noo;
- qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb;
- qhov tsos hauv lub masonry nrog lub sij hawm microcracks thiab tawg.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv rojobloki
Thaum yuav ib lub tsev khoom, koj tuaj yeem sab laj nrog tus neeg muag khoom ntawm lub khw muag khoom, los yog nug tswv yim los ntawm cov phooj ywg uas nkag siab txog kev lag luam.
Yees duab: dab tsi yog qhov hom ntawm cov blocks thiab yuav tsum xaiv qhov yog
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum xaiv rojoblokov yuav tsum tau cuam tshuam lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv thiab kev tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom muag.
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab xaiv lub aerocrete koj tus kheej, ces koj yuav tsum paub cov qauv yooj yim rau cov khoom zoo. Txhua qhov khoom kom zoo dua lossis kev tsis pom zoo muaj qhov qhia tawm zauv:
- thermal conductivity - qhov qis nws coefficient, lub chav tsev kom sov. Cov coefficient ranges ntawm 0.075 W / (m • K) rau qhov sib npaug ntawm D350 thiab 0.25 W / (m • K) rau qhov sib npaug ntawm D700;
- ceev - qhov ntau dua rau lub cim, qhov muaj zog ntawm cov khoom thiab lwm tus qauv - nrog cov cim qis dua, lub zog qis tshaj (tab sis, ces lub tsev tau txais txiaj ntsim hauv qhov hnyav thiab, yog ua tau, ua ntau yam kev khiav dej num nrog nws). Feem ntau, aerated qhob muaj cov nram qab no qhov tseem ceeb: D300; D350; D400; D500; D600; D700; D800; D900; D1000; D1100; D1200 kg / m3;
- lub zog - qhov kev cwj pwm no yog muab los ntawm tsab ntawv M qab los ntawm tus naj npawb ntsuas hauv kgf / cm2. Nws qhia qhov nruab nrab tus nqi zog. Qhov uas qhov khoom siv tau zoo tshaj plaws yuav ua rau pom los ntawm cov cim B, tom qab ntawd muaj tus nab npawb hauv MPa, qhov pom tau tias lub zog zoo. Qhov qis tshaj plaws ntawm lub zog yog raug teev tseg raws li B0.35 (M5), thiab cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov tshaj plaws muaj qhov qhia tias qhov hnyav ntawm 350-400 kg / m3;
- hluav taws tsis kam - aerated qhob belongs rau cov khoom uas tsis yog-combustible. Cov khoom tsim los ntawm nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov nplaim taws rau ob peb xuab moos;
- vapor permeability - Qhov ntsuas no tau txiav txim tias qhov tshem tawm chav thiab noo noo ntawm chav. Nws suav hauv mg / (m.h.Pa). Vapor permeability ncaj qha yog nyob ntawm qhov ceev: qhov txo qhov ceev, qhov siab zog ntawm cov pa khov. Nrog rau qhov ntom ntawm D 600, vapor permeability yuav 0.023-0.021 g / m * h, D 700 - 0.020-0.018 g / m * h, D 800 - 0.018-0.016 g / m * h;
- suab rwb thaiv tsev - Qhov ntsuas no tau muab suav ua ke hauv kev ntsuas (dB). Qhov ntau dua nws yog, qhov zoo dua ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Lub thickness ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom uas lub tsev yog ua, kuj muaj feem xyuam rau cov hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev coefficients. Qhov siab dua lawv, cov suab tsawg dua yuav nkag mus rau lub tsev;
- qhov loj - tso cai los ntawm kev tshaj tawm hais tias yuav tsum yog 0.5-0.8 hli. Yog tias daim duab no ntau dua, qhov khoom ntawd yog kev sib yuav.
Kev cai roj cia
Cia cov khoom siv aerated nyuaj yooj yim, tab sis yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai. Thaum khaws cia rau hauv qhov qhib, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov:
- npaj ua ntej lub rooj sib txoos, puv nrog lub rubble, lub platform;
- coj mus rau hauv tus account lub ntsiab nta - yog tias nws rains nquag, ces qhov chaw khaws cia rau cov nplais yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tsis txaus siab me ntsis rau kev tawm ntawm cov dej nag.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Koj tsis tuaj yeem khaws aerated cov blocks, tseg rau ntawm ib pob khoom. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj ntau cov khoom.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov nplov tsis ntshai tsawg kawg. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias lub caij txias tshaj plaws yog tsis ntshai ntawm lawv.
Yog tias thawj lub hnab ntim tau qhib, thiab qee yam ntawm cov khoom siv twb tau muab siv lawm, ces cov khoom siv hauv cov ntawv yuav tsum tau them.
Ua li no, tsim film, tarpaulin, vov ntaub, pieces ntawm qub linoleum. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, aerocrete xyuam xim khaws cia kom txog rau thaum tshav kub kub thiab pib ntawm ib theem tshiab ntawm kev tsim kho. 
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov ntaub ntawv reluctantly muab dej. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias nag lossis daus (los nag, daus, dej qhuav) tsis txhob pib poob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Rau qhov no, lub pob pallet yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm 10-15 cm los ntawm hauv av. Nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas qhov kev ntseeg thiab kev ntseeg ntawm lub vaj tse (movie, tarpaulin, etc.).
Lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug canopy facilitates qhov yooj yim cia cov roj blocks. Ntawm no nws yog worthwhile ntshai tsuas yog yaj dej, yog li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau muab rau qhov tseem ntawm nrhiav cov khoom ntawm ib tug txaus qhov siab los ntawm hauv av.
Nyeem kuj ntxiv txog cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm cov chipboard tus qauv hauv OSP-3.
Aerated pob zeb ua ke - khoom siv niaj hnub no. Ntxiv rau nws qhov kev phooj ywg zoo, kev nkag mus thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, nws muaj txuam nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv, yog siv los ua tej hauj lwm ntawm txhua yam nyuaj (txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov duab puab).
Nws txoj kev ua neeg ntiaj teb ua rau cov neeg xav tau coob dua thiab thov hu rau nws yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv nrov thiab nrov tshaj plaws rau cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub no.
Cov tswv yim los ntawm cov neeg siv network
