"Cov khoom muaj nqis" yog lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg tshiab pear high-yielding pear ntau yam.
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb caw koj tuaj yeem paub koj tus kheej nrog cov lus piav txog hom pear, sib tham txog nws tus tswv thiab cov tswv yim, thiab tseem kawm txog qee txoj cai tseem ceeb los tu tus ntoo.
Hauv keeb kwm
"Cov khoom muaj nqis" - ib qho kev hloov tshiab rau yav qab teb xaiv. Ntau yam tau ntawm Moldavian Scientific Research Institute ntawm Horticulture, Viticulture thiab Winemaking. Moldavian tus kws tshawb fawb-breeder K. K. Dushutina cultivated ntau yam. Ob hom lus Fabkis raug xaiv los ua lub hauv paus: loj-fruited "Triumph ntawm Vienna" thiab lub caij ntuj no "Olivier de Serres". Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab cov tsiaj cov khoom tau nrhiav tau los ntawm ib hom kab tshiab ntawm Fabkis "kwv tij neej tsa", yog li ntawd ntau yam yog hu ua "Parisian".
Qhov no pear tau ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv Moldova thiab nyob rau hauv hav zoov-steppe ntawm Ukraine. Qhov ntau yam yog cultivated ntse los ntawm cov neeg tshawb fawb los ntawm Belarus.
Tsob ntoo piav qhia
Tsob ntoo yog luv luv, qhov siab siab tshaj plaws yog 2 meters. Lub bark rau ntawm ib feem ntawm lub pob tw los ntawm hauv paus ntseg tsho mus rau thawj ceg tawv ntawm lub sab theem ntawm crown, thiab raws li nyob rau hauv tseem ceeb ceg muaj ib tug scaly, tsaus xim xim. Cov nplooj ntawm nws tus kheej yog dav-pyramidal. Phaj ceg loj tuaj ntawm pob tw ntawm ib tsob ntoo yuav luag ntawm txoj cai kaum; qhov kawg ntawm cov ceg mus upwards.
Stems muaj nruab nrab thickness. Cov xim ntawm lub stems yog olive-daj. Nyob rau hauv lub stems ib tug muaj peev xwm ua kom pom ntau heev heev tubercles ntawm yellowish tsos nqaij daim tawv. Foliage muaj qhov nruab nrab omission. Qe-puab daim ntawv phaj (taw ntsej muag kawg), matte nto. Lub teeb ntsuab stalks nyob rau hauv ntev thiab tuab yog loj los yog medium loj.
Ib qho ntawm tus qauv ntawm tus qauv ntawm "Cov khoom muaj nqis" yog ib qho kev rhizome. Nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, lub cheeb ntawm lub underground feem yog kwv yees li sib npaug ntawm lub cheeb ntawm saum toj no-hauv av ib feem. Nyob rau tib qib ntawm ib tug pear hauv paus system hlob ntau tshaj li krone 2.5 lub sij hawm. Raws li qhov no, kev hloov ntawm cov txheej txheem agrotechnical yog yuav tsum tau - khawb, tshuaj ywg thiab fertilizing. 
Tsim koj lub vaj pear, them sai sai rau ntau yam ntawm cov nyiam Yakovleva, Cathedral, Rossoshanskaya, Bergamot, Duchess, Lada, Severyanka, Nika, Elena, Fairy Tale, Otradnenskaya, Avgustovskaya dew.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Txheej
Lub ntsiab kev ua tiav ntawm breeder Dushutina yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo - lawv yog cov loj heev, thiab saj yog heev Sweet. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ib-seem, qhov nyhav ntawm txhua pear yog txog 200-290 g. Feem ntau qhov nyhav ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ncav 300 g, qee zaum muaj cov loj loj li ntawm 500 g (ntawm quince rootstock).
Lub qia yog luv luv, nkhaus, tsis dhau tuab. Cov pear yog thoob-conical, muaj cov qauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntev lub khob hliav qab. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv nto tsis ncaj, nrog pob. Daim tawv nqaij yog tuab thiab tuab. Thaum ripe, lub teeb ntsuab tawv brightens thiab yuav luag daj.
Ntawm daim tawv nqaij, koj tuaj yeem pom cov cheeb tsam xeb (cov lwj thiab cov hlua). Xws li cov cheeb tsam, yog tsim, ces lub teeb, txiv kab ntxwv tones. Lub pulp on qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm oily, mos, dawb nrog yellowness, nrog ib tug loj concentration ntawm kua txiv. Saj zoo heev, qab zib, qab zib nrog ib tug me ntsis sourness. 
Cov Teeb Kom Ua Raws Cai
"Treasure" yog hais txog cov ntoo uas muaj qhov kaj. Nrog ib tug tsis muaj lub teeb, tus ntoo yog weakly tsim, nws tawm los yog txo. Lub teeb ntawm lub teeb tseem cuam tshuam cov txheeb raws roj ntsha zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Qhov siab tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau rau kev pab them nqi "Parisian" ua nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm budding thiab tsim txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws - nyob rau hauv lub so rau. Qhov tsim nyog ntawm ib tug tsis muaj lub teeb yog lub underdevelopment ntawm paj buds.
Cov av uas yuav tsum tau
Pear "Treasure" feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kolchatka. Tab sis yog tias koj xav pom qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov khoom noj zoo, zoo-sov thiab txaus xau, nrog rau kev hnav, kom loj hlob.
"Parisian" hlob zoo dua rau me ntsis acidic thiab nruab nrab xau. Organic thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus minerals kuj muaj cov nyhuv zoo ntawm tsob ntoo kev loj hlob thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv qhuav huab cua, daim ntawv thov ntawm sab saum toj hnav ris tsho yuav tsum tau tag nrho nrog rau dej.
Pollination
Cov khoom muaj nqi tsis yog ib qho uas ua rau yus tus kheej xwb. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau pear yuav pollinated, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cog lub pollinators tom ntej no mus rau nws. Nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm pollinators haum nroj tsuag uas Bloom nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinators nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov nram qab no ntau hom pears: "Conference", "Klapp Pet", "Motley Lub Xya Hli", "Bere Mlievskaya", "Williams", "Thawing", "Josephine Mechelnskaya", "Deccan du Comis".
Fruiting
Ntau yam tsis suav nrog cov skoroplodnymi. Tsob ntoo tuaj rau hauv fruition nyob rau hauv plaub lub xyoo tom qab cog. Thiab zoo heev cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog lus los ntawm seedling muag khoom, koj yuav tos 5-7 xyoo tom qab cog. Tom qab no lub sij hawm, tsob ntoo yog twb tau coj txiv hmab txiv ntoo mus tas li thiab siab zoo.
Raws li gardeners saib, ib tug hluas nroj tsuag blooms heev luxuriantly thiab abundantly, tej zaum txawm rau lub thib ob lub sij hawm, thiab nws yog ib tswm tsis tau mus rau zoo xws li cov feem ntau fruiting.
Gestation lub sijhawm
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ripening "Treasure" yog ib tug ntau thaum ntxov. Pears ripen nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen synchronously, nyob rau ceg yog khaws cia khov kho, yuav luag tsis ntog tawm. Lub tshem tau kom loj hlob ntawm pears ntog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, thiab neeg kom loj hlob - ib me ntsis tom qab, thaum pib ntawm lub kaum hli ntuj.
Tawm
Vintage pear ntoo muab ib tug high thiab ruaj khov, tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo. "Cov khoom muaj nqis" es yuav ua rau kom sai. Nrog ib 10-xyoo-laus nroj tsuag, koj muaj peev xwm tau txais txog li 100 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Koj puas paub? Ua ntej Christopher Columbus coj luam yeeb los rau sab av loj, Cov neeg European tau noj cov txiv quav ntswv nplooj.
Kev thauj khoom thiab kev cia khoom
Raws li kev ua lag luam thiab kev thauj mus los, qhov ntau yam kuj muaj pov thawj nws tus kheej zoo. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis yog qhov zoo los ntawm kev ua kom zoo, pears khaws lawv cov khoom vaj tse organoleptic ntev heev.
Nyob ntawm tej yam kev mob, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem muab khaws cia kom txog thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj - Lub Ob Hlis thiab txawm ntev dua. Lawv khaws cia rau hauv lub tub yees kom txog thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj-Lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj, tsis tas yuav poob lawv cov cwj pwm. Txhawm rau kom txiv hmab txiv ntoo txawm ntev dua, hloov lawv mus rau qhov chaw txias qhov twg qhov kub yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 0 ° C thiab cov av noo yog kwv yees li 85%. Nyob rau hauv xws li tej yam kev mob, txiv hmab txiv ntoo khaws lawv coj mus muag zoo kom txog thaum Lub Ib Hlis.
Disease thiab Kab Tsuag tsis kam
Tsi "Cov khoom muaj nqis" yog ib qho tseem tiv taus kev loj hlob ntawm ntau cov kab mob thiab tawm tsam cov cab. Tus pear yog yuav luag tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm scab; nws zoo heev hauv resisting pathogens ntawm spotting, txiv hmab txiv ntoo lwj, thiab kab mob kheesxaws.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, pear ntoo yuav tsum tau siv dej ntau heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog kub climatic tej yam kev mob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev ntawm drip dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm lub sij hawm mus rau lub sij hawm nws yog tsim nyog los nag lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo. Cov txheej txheem no yuav pab ntxuav cov hmoov av los ntawm cov nplooj thiab tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag ntawm kev tua tau los ntawm kab tsuag.
Frost tsis kam
Frost tsis kam yog qhov nruab nrab. Nyob rau hauv lub hnyav lub caij ntuj no (hauv qab -20 ° C), muaj ib lub caij nyoog ntawm frosting, raws li ib tug ntawm cov uas tawm los yog heev txo nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tam sim no.
Lub hauv paus ntawm yav qab teb ntawm daim ntawv yog thaws rov los nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias tsob ntoo yog sufficiently susceptible mus rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv kub kub thaum lub sij hawm ua txij nkawm. Lub voj voog hauv qhov sij hawm no yuav yog ib qho nqi ntawm + 15 ° C (qis dua qhov ntsuas no, cov txheej txheem fertilization tshwm sim sib quas). 
Siv txiv hmab txiv ntoo
"Cov khoom muaj nqis" yog ib qho khoom noj qab zib pear nrog muag ntsev. Nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog npaj rau kev noj haus tshiab.
Fresh txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntej siv, nws yog ntshaw kom ntxuav cov tawv nqaij. Txawm li cas los, sim tshem tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog ib tug nyias txheej, txij thaum nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib feem ntawm lub pulp muaj ntau cov vitamins thiab aromatic tshuaj.
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Thaum kawg, luv luv, peb qhia qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov Pear Treasure.
Tshaj tawm
- Loj zoo nkauj txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo zoo;
- high yields (li niaj zaus thiab ntau fruiting);
- khoom qab zib (qab zib) saj;
- thaum ntxov tawg;
- tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog scab).
Ntseeg
- Cov kev cai ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau cov av thiab cov huab cua puag;
- tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau nws tus kheej-pollinate;
- tsawg Frost tsis kam.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv ancient Tuam Tshoj, pear raug suav hais tias yog lub cim ntawm kev tsis txawj tuag. Qhov no yog vim lub zog zoo kawg ntawm ntoo. Yuav kom tau raws li ib tug ntoo pear tawg yog ib tug phem npog. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg tau raug mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, txawm tsis muaj dab tsiQhov no txhais tau hais tias tus txiv neej hnub no yog suav.Los ntawm cog paj pear hauv koj lub vaj, koj yuav txaus siab rau nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo nkauj tau ntau xyoo. Tsob ntoo no yuav yog qhov tseeb tiag rau koj lub vaj.
