Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo "Zib" pears yog cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, muaj kua thiab muaj ib tug me me tom qab tas. Cov ntoo coj li qhov chaw me me hauv vaj thiab tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb. Txawm hais tias cov lus tseeb yog txaus rau paj gardeners nyob rau hauv no ntau yam ntawm pears.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Nyob rau hauv 1964, nyob rau hauv Crimea, ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau txais kev coj ib tug tshiab ntau yam ntawm pears - "zib mu". Nws tseem hu ua "Crimean Honey". Nws yog ib lub yub los ntawm dawb pollination ntawm Fabkis Bere Bosc ntau yam.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau tiam 17th century, tsis yog lo lus "pear," lawv siv lo lus "dula", tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Polish los ntawm dula.
Cov yam ntxwv thiab nta
Qhov no pear ntau yam yog artificially tsim thiab muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm tshwj xeeb cov yam ntxwv.
Cov nram qab no muaj ntau hom pears xws li: "Petrovskaya", "In Memory of Zhegalov", "Nyiv Yakovlev", "Otradnenskaya", "Avgustovskaya Dew", "Children", "Rogneda", "Elena", "Fairy Tale", " Nika, Northerner, Lada.
Ntoo
Cov ntoo "Crimean zib mu" heev compact, tsis muaj ntau tshaj ob meters siab. Lub sij hawm fruitful pib nrog peb lub xyoo ntawm disembarkation. Qhov ntau yam yog samobesplod, rau pollination, ob tsob ntoo uas yuav tsum tau nyob ze.
Qhov zoo tshaj tus khub yuav yog ntau yam uas tawg rau tib lub sijhawm nrog Zib Ntab. Qhov deb ntawm "Honey" pear thiab pollinating ntoo yuav tsum txog peb meters. Lub neej ntawm ntau yam yog txog tsib caug xyoo.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj xim ntsuab daj uas muaj gray subcutaneous me ntsis, cov xim ntawm cov duab uas yog xim ntsej muag xim av. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog loj (yuag los ntawm 300 mus rau 500 g), yog tsis sib npaug. Lub qia ntawm pear zib mu yog luv luv, me ntsis curved. Siav pears los ntawm ceg tsis da dej. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm kev xuas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo kom zoo tias lawv txhua tus yuav tsis zoo thiab tsis puas los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau hauv av.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv seedlings thaum yuav
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws muaj hnub nyoog ntawm cov ntoo rau cog yog 1-2 xyoo. Cov laus dua cov yub, qhov nyuab nws hloov cov kev hloov ntshav thiab ua rau nws mob ntxiv rau qhov chaw tshiab. Koj muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab lub hnub nyoog ntawm seedling visually. Qhov siab ntawm cov nroj tsuag txhua xyoo yog li ntawm 1 meter, tsis muaj ib sab tua. Lub cev ntawm tsob ntoo ntawm qhov nruab nrab tau buds. Qhov ntev ntawm lub hauv paus system yog hais txog 20 cm.
Biennial cog txog li ib thiab ib nrab meters. Nws muaj los ntawm peb mus rau tsib tua, keeb kwm txog li 30 cm ntev. Tsis hais txog ntawm lub hnub nyoog, lub seedling yuav tsum tau them nrog ib tug bark du uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum huv si tsis muaj hlwv thiab loj hlob.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm peb txhiab ntau yam ntawm pears.
Xaiv qhov chaw rau ntawm qhov chaw
Rau cog seedlings haum sab qab teb sab ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no yuav tsum tau txais cov hnub txaus. Optimally, yog hais tias los ntawm sab qaum teb tus ntoo raug tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cua txias los ntawm ib lub laj kab los yog cov tuam tsev. Sandy thiab av nplaum xau tsis tsim rau cog pears. 
Npaj ua haujlwm
Planting pear "Zib ntab" yog tau ob zaug ib xyoos:
- nyob rau hauv lub Autumn: nyob rau hauv lig Lub yim hli ntuj - thaum ntxov Cuaj hlis, thaum huab cua yog qhuav thiab sov so. Muaj sij hawm txaus rau cov huab cua txias kom tsob ntoo loj hlob zoo dua thiab sib zog tshaj;
- nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav: nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Plaub Hlis - pib ntawm Tej zaum, thaum frosts twb nres, thiab lub ntiaj teb warmed li.
Xyuas seb cov npe ntawm pear ntau hom rau cheeb tsam Moscow, Siberia, Urals thiab nruab nrab band.
Cov kauj ruam-ua-theem txheej txheem ntawm cog seedlings
- Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ob lub lim tiam ua ntej tsaws, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npaj ib tug aub tsiv. Nws yog dug mus txog 80 cm nyob rau hauv dav thiab ntawm 80 cm mus rau ib tug Meter nyob rau hauv tob, nyob ntawm seb lub branching ntawm keeb kwm. Txog ib feem peb ntawm cov av uas raug khawb av yuav tsum muab khi rau sab, nws yuav tsum xav tau ntxiv cog qoob loo.
- Tom ntej no, hauv qab ntawm lub qhov tsoo yuav tsum tau sau nrog humus thiab ib txheej ntawm cov xuab zeb. Keeb kwm ntawm ib tug seedling yuav tsum tau leveled tshaj ib qhov thiab them nrog lub ntiaj teb kom txog thaum uas ib tug pov toj yog tsim. Qhov tshwm sim yog cua thiab noo noo permeable av.
- Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum khawb ib kem thiab khi rau nws ib pear seedling. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav nrog rau ib daim ntaub los yog qhwv, thiaj li tsis raug rau tsob ntoo.
- Tom qab cov yeeb yam no ncuav ib pob ntawm dej hauv ib lub pov roob.
Lub caij ntu saib xyuas
Yuav kom cov txiv quav npua pear muab ntau zuj zus, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia yooj yim txhua xyoo.
Kev tu xyuas av
Ib tug hluas, tsis muaj tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau muaj niaj zaus watering. Yog hais tias cov av yog qhuav, ces koj yuav tsum tau dej nws ib zaug ib lub lim tiam, siv tsawg kawg 10 liv dej rau txhua pear.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo yog watered tsuas yog ob zaug ib xyoos - ua ntej flowering thiab tom qab. Rau dej, txog 10 cm sib sib zog nqus grooves yog dug ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw, dej yog poured rau hauv lawv. Los txuag ya raws, tso qhov chaw koj yuav tsum tau npog nrog straw, peat los yog lwm yam organic teeb meem. Av ze ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum tsis tu ncua loosened. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg, lawv khawb tau cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Pub rau tsob ntoo plaub zaug ib xyoo:
- ua ntej flowering;
- thaum lub caij flowering;
- tom qab flowering;
- nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Autumn.
Pob zeb hauv cov chiv muaj cov khoom sib txawv - nitrogen-muaj chiv yog siv los txhim kho kev loj hlob kev kawm. Superphosphate thiab potassium sulfate pab tau zoo dua seedling kev loj hlob thiab nce Frost tsis kam.
Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv
Rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob xws li kab xev, xeb, kabmob dub, thiab los ntawm cov kab tsuag - cov nplooj ntoo, cov kab ua pear, cov kab saw slimy, nws txaus los hlawv nplooj hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab khawb av nyob ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo 15 cm sib sib zog nqus. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg thaum caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, tsob ntoo muaj qhov tso tawm kom tiv thaiv tau cov cab no tawm ntawm qhov tsis tuaj yeem.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yuav kom tsis txhob aphids, cytosporosis, moths, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov khov khov thiab pear bark.
Pruning
Pruning pear yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau nws txoj kev loj hlob, raws li nws pab txoj kev lub teeb ntawm lub yas, uas nce tsim khoom. Thawj pruning yog nqa tawm ib xyoos tom qab disembarkation. Nyob rau hauv lig Lub peb hlis ntuj, lub pob tw yog shortened los ntawm ib tug peb lub hlis twg. Qhov siab tshaj ceg ceg luv los ntawm ib tug thib peb. Tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm sab laug 20 cm ntev tshaj qhov siab ceg sab.
Ib xyoos tom qab, xaiv 2-3 feem ntau siab tua thiab ntawm ib tug deb ntawm txog ib nrab ntawm ib tug Meter los ntawm thawj. Cov ceg dlhos nrog thawj kab. Tus so ntawm tua yuav tsum tau txo rau lub nplhaib, uas yog, txiav nyob rau hauv lub pob tw, tawm hauv tsis muaj khij. Lub pob tw yog txiav mus rau 20 cm.
Nyob rau hauv 4 xyoo ntawm lub neej, tus pear tawm ib ceg 40-50 cm saum toj no thib ob kab. Lub undergrowth ntawm mus ntawm ceg ntoo yog shortened on ib lub nplhaib. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus yog trimmed mus rau theem ntawm feem ntau huab.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, los mus tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm ceg ntev, lawv txiav mus rau solidified ntaub so ntswg. Qhov no pruning yog hu ua pinning thiab yog nqa tawm thoob plaws hauv lub caij ntuj sov nrog ib tug regularity ntawm kaum hnub. From lig Lub yim hli ntuj mus rau ib nrab-Cuaj hlis, pruned qhuav thiab Kab Tsuag-nplooj tua.
Kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam txias thiab nas
Pears "Zib" txawv hauv lub caij ntuj no hardiness, tab sis cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo yuav tsum tau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm loj heev frosts. Yuav kom tiv thaiv lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm Frost lawv qhwv nrog daim ntawv los yog daim ntaub. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub pob tw yog instilled nrog ib txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb txog 20 cm, thiab tom qab ntawd them nrog ib txheej txheej daus.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov ntau dua tus sau rau ntawm pear, qhov qis nws Frost tsis kam rau xyoo no.Qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam muaj xws li:
- qab ntxiag thiab dej qab zib;
- siab yield;
- variability ntawm ntau yam;
- qhov loj me me ntawm ntoo;
- tau tsaws tau rau lub caij nplooj zeeg lossis caij nplooj ntoos hlav;
- ntev lub neej txawb thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo transportability.
- qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog rau ib qho khoom plig zoo;
- txo Frost tsis kam ntawm high yields.
Sau txhua yam sau tseg, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum pom tau hais tias muaj ntau ntau qhov zoo rau qhov no ntau tshaj li qhov tsis zoo. Crimean Zib ntab yuav decorate tej vaj teb thiab yuav Delight koj nrog muaj kua, zib txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
