Nyob rau hauv horticulture, heev ntau ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv yog siv los tu nroj tsuag, tab sis ib qho ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev hwm belongs rau ib hom ntawm sib tov sib xyaw rau vaj "inhabitants" - vaj warrior, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, yog yooj yim los npaj nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes. Yuav ua li cas qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau thiab yuav siv cov hmoov sib tov ua kom zoo li cas tom qab - nyeem rau.
Qhia thiab Lub Ntsiab
Ua ntej peb yuav mus piav qhia txog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj sib xyaw kom haum, peb paub tias nws yog dab tsi. Vaj pitch tau hu ua cov khoom uas tsis muaj volatile uas tsis yaj rau hauv dej thiab vim yog qhov no, nws ua rau thaj chaw puas tsuaj, ua rau nws rov qab sai dua. Nws yog peev xwm tiv thaiv qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov kab mob, los thaiv cov kab ntawm kab, cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob, tib lub sij hawm tiv thaiv kev poob ntawm tsob ntoo.
Nws tsis yog ib qho txawv txav vim tias qhov kev tsim nyog tau pom tias siv cov lus piav qhia txog kev siv kho qhov txhab tom qab txiav ceg ntoo, thermal puas tsuaj rau daim tawv thiab ntoo (piv txwv li, tau los ntawm lub hnub ntev raug), thiab kho qhov nroj tsuag tom qab lwm yam raug mob.
Lub vaj teb var yog siv nyob rau hauv lub processing ntawm seem nyob rau hauv txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Kua, plum, Cherry, apricot.Ntawd ces yog tag nrho cov qhov txhab uas tshwm nyob rau hauv cov kis tau muab faib ua ob peb hom:
- kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev cog qoob cog lossis tshem ib feem ntawm pob tw;
- kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev raug mob ntawm ib qho ntawm ib qho nroj tsuag lossis tag nrho lub voj voog ntawm ntoo thiab ntoo;
- chaw ntawm cov kab nrib pleb thiab cov faults ntawm cov ceg ntoo tawg;
- sib sib zog nqus wounds nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hollows.
Qhov tseeb, hauv txhua kis ntawm cov neeg no, yuav tsum muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov vaj tsov rog, thiab cov txheej txheem kev puas tsuaj yuav siv sij hawm ntev.Thaum lub sij hawm ua cov ntoo, ntev mus, koj yuav pom tau tias lub suab nrov hu li cas, uas zoo li caws pliag.
Nws tshwm sim hauv thawj lub caij ntuj sov tom qab siv lub vaj tsov rog thiab txhua xyoo ntau dua thiab ntau ntxiv hauv me me kom txog rau thaum lub qhov txhab kho mob zoo.
Lub cambium hlwb uas tsim tau lub nplhaib callus kho qhov puas ntawm cov ntoo.
Muaj ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem xav yuav ntawm cov qoob loo rau cov ntoo (piv txwv li, Petrolatumu), tab sis koj tuaj yeem ua tau zoo nrog koj tus kheej tes.
Cov khoom xyaw uas muaj feem xyuam tshaj plaws ntawm cov vaj zaub no yog rosin, wax thiab roj, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cais tawm ntawm qhov kev sib txuas lus "coldty putty", uas yog siv cawv. 
Cov khoom ntawm cov roj tshem tawm tau tawg ntawm lub roj nplaum, cov ciab ua rau ua noj yuav luag tag nrho rau lwm yam kev tsis sib haum thiab tiv thaiv qhov sib tov ntawm ntws tawm ntawm tsob ntoo.
Rosin ntxiv ib co stickiness mus rau adhesion mus rau saum npoo, thiab cawv ua kom sib tov ntau tswv yim thaum lub caij ntuj no.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv ib lub sijhawm, Leonardo da Vinci tau tsim ib txoj cai nthuav dav heev. Nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim, yog hais tias koj ntxiv li tag nrho cov ceg ntawm ib tsob ntoo ua ke (nyob rau ntawm ib theem), ces lawv thickness yuav sib npaug rau lub thickness ntawm lub pob tw.
Cov nyiaj yuav khoom
Nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom niaj hnub nws yog yooj yim mus nrhiav ib tug npaj txhij rau kev kho mob ntawm kev raug mob nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm tsob ntoo. Feem ntau cov kabmob xws li "Garden Var" thiab nws cov ntau yam xws li "Bees", "Garden vaj Bugorkov", putty "BlagoSad" thiab lub vaj tswv muab tshuaj "RanNet". 
Koj tseem yuav tau "Glue Entomological Garden", uas yog tseem siv rau kev kho mob ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau ntoo, tab sis dab tsi xaiv thiab dab tsi muaj pes tsawg leeg rau entrust koj nroj tsuag - txhua tus gardener yuav tsum txiav txim rau nws tus kheej.
Feem ntau ntawm cov mixtures yeej zoo foob qhov nqaij, tab sis koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov nco txog cov zaub mov txawv ntawm lub sij hawm.
Muaj ib qho kev xav tias lawv kho qhov mob zoo dua thiab tiv thaiv cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob, dhau mus, thaum koj tsim kom sib tov sib xyaw koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias tsis muaj cov tshuaj phem muaj teeb meem hauv nws.
Garden DIY (zaub mov txawv)
Cov coob ntawm cov zaub mov ntawm ntau hom kev ua vaj tsev ua si, sib tov xws li paraffin, beeswax thiab cawv sawv hauv particular, thiab peb yuav qhia rau koj seb yuav tsim lawv li cas thiab siv lawv li cas. 
On paraffin
Thaum melted, paraffin, nrog rau lwm cov rog, muaj zoo lubricating zog, thiab muab nws muaj, nws tsis yog xav tsis thoob hais tias muaj ntau yam zaub mov txawv koom siv qhov yeeb tshuaj no.
Piv txwv, npaj ib qhov chaw zoo rau cov seem hauv seem ntawm paraffin, koj yuav tsum tau siv peb qho ntawm rosin thiab ob feem ntawm roj (zaub los yog keeb kwm roj). Cov dej hauv khib nyiab yog yaj tas, thiab tom qab ntawd hmoov av ntawm rosin ntxiv rau lub thauv, ntawm chav kawm, kom tau nws, koj yuav tsum xub muab cov khoom ua rau hmoov.
Cov sib tov tso cai rau boil thiab maj qhia roj rau nws, stirring zoo rau 10-30 feeb. Lub tiav nyob rau hauv qhuav yog sab laug mus rau txias, thiab ces knead kom txog thaum uas tus. Cov tshuaj yeem pub rau kis, muab npog kom npog lub khob rau 10 feeb, thiab tom qab ntawd siv rau nws lub hom phiaj. 
Es tsis txhob zaub roj, nigrol los yog roj linseed roj (tag nrho nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag) yuav muab ntxiv rau paraffin thiab rosin. Cov khoom xyaw no yuav tsum tau yaj hauv cov tais diav cais, thiab tom qab ntawd ces hliv tas lub neej tom qab vara rau hauv kub nigrol.
Sib tov qhov sib tov zoo thiab sov nws zoo dua. Ntxiv nrog, ntoo tshauv (pre-sifted) feem ntau ntxiv rau kub iav roj (nigrol) thiab stirred mus rau ib tug sib xws ntawm qaub cream.
Ua ntej kev ua tiav, cov dej sib tov yuav tsum rov ua dua thiab tov dua. Xws li lub vaj zaub bar yog ib qho zoo rau kev ua kom raug mob loj.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv Asmeskas, nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm Georgia muaj ib tsob ntoo ntoo, uas belongs rau nws tus kheej hauv cov documentary theem. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tau muab los ntawm Professor Jackson thaum ntxov li 1800, raws li nws yog heev fond ntawm tsob ntoo thiab txiav txim siab los siv txoj cai tam sim no los khaws nws.
On siv quav ciab
Putty ua raws li ntawm beeswax (4 qhov chaw), nrog rau ntxiv 20 feem ntawm re thiab rosin (10 qhov chaw), kuj muaj zoo kho thaj chaw. 
Nws cov khoom xyaw, koj yuav tsum tau hliv rau hauv lawv ib sab ntawm cov roj flax roj, thiab tom qab tshem qhov kub ntawm cua sov, ntxiv rau hauv qhov sib tov ob ntau daim ntawm cov roj av.
Raws li lwm tus paub zoo daim ntawv qhia, ob feem ntawm siv quav ciab yuav tsum yog plaub qhov chaw ntawm rosin thiab ib feem ntawm ntuj rog. Cov quav yuav tsum tau yaj thiab hau, thiab cov khoom ntxiv yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau, raws li cov proportions qhia.
Nws yuav nthuav rau koj kom paub tias yuav ua li cas tseem ceeb beeswax yog, txog cov khoom nruab los ntawm wax npaub thiab dab tsi refining yog.Qhov sib tov yuav tsum nyob rau sim kub kom tsis pub ntev tshaj li ib nrab ib teev twg, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tseem txias thiab kneaded rau ib lub xeev uniform.
Muaj ntawm koj beeswax pov tseg, koj tuaj yeem npaj qhov kev txwv txiav thiab lwm yam zaub mov txawv. Piv txwv li, los tsim ib qho kev sib tov, raws li lub tswv yim ntawm Zhukovsky, siv quav ciab, rosin, unsalted roj yog npaum li cas nyob rau hauv sib npaug proportions thiab yaj tag nrho cov khoom xyaw hauv cais tais. Thaum lawv txhua tus tau txais ib daim ntawv ua kua, lawv yuav tsum muab xyaw ua ke. Ib me ntsis ntawm qhov sib tov sib xyaw tam sim no maj mam muab tso rau hauv lwm lub nkoj nrog dej txias, thiab sai li sai tau rau lub voj voos saum npoo, nws coj tawm thiab dov mus rau hauv ib lub tais.
Yuav khaws cov npauj npaim, muab tso rau hauv ntawv roj thiab tsuas yog siv thaum huab cua tsim: sov thiab tsis los nag.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yuav hais tias ntau ntawm wasps thiab bees yuav ya rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj, yog li ntawd nws yog zoo dua los npog nws nrog ib tug piece ntawm teeb meem.Ntxiv nrog rau siv quav ciab, propolis, turpentine, rosin thiab lard txawm siv, thiab nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, vaj bar yuav muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws nrog cov lus qhia zoo tib yam rau kev siv.
On cawv
Yog hais tias cov ntoo xav tau koj kev pab thaum lub caij txias, ces muab tshuaj rau cawv yuav tuaj rau txoj kev cawm. Raws li lawv cov peev xwm, txhua tus gardener nws tus kheej xaiv tau tus tshaj plaws haum daim ntawv qhia rau nws tus kheej, thiab muaj ntau ntawm lawv. 
Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem nqa ib feem ntawm cov hlab ntsha lauj (lean) thiab kaum rau ntawm qhov chaw hauv av rosin rau hauv yim qhov haus cawv. Cawv ntxiv rau cov khoom siv thaum lawv tig mus rau hauv cov kua homogeneous.
Vaj teb ntau yam tau txais los ntawm daim ntawv qhia no muab cia rau hauv khoob khoob.
Ib tug zoo xaiv rau cov tshuaj no yog suav hais tias yog Reshetnikov ointment. Los tsim nws, ntxiv tib tus nqi ntawm cov hlab daj thiab kaum qhov ntawm fir reIN rau ib feem ntawm tus caw plig plig.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tiav lawm yeej zoo dua yog siv rau qhov chaw ntawm kev raug mob uas siv txhuam, vim tias nws yuav muaj peev xwm tuav cov khoom pov tseg thiab yuav tsis pub ya raws.Sai li qhov siv quav ciab thiab pob zeb (lawv yuav tsum nyob hauv cov hlau sib txawv) tag nrho yog melted, lawv sib xyaw ua ke thiab sab laug rau ntawm lub me me, ntxiv mus do, thiaj li tsis tsim daim ntawv qog.
Tom qab sib tov yog me ntsis txias, haus dej cawv ntxiv rau nws. 
Garden putty Goug. Rau 60 ml ntawm kev kho mob cawv koj yuav tsum tau noj 400 g ntawm resin los ntawm Pine, 1 me spoonful ntawm dog dig ci dej qab zib thiab 4 g ntawm pos hniav. Lub pob zeb yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub tais phaj thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub kom sov, dhau sijhawm ntxiv haus dej cawv rau nws.
Cov pos hniav thiab dej qab zib yuav tsum yaj ua dej me me thiab ncuav mus rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub ntawm pob zeb, kom tov tag nrho cov khoom xyaw. Tom qab lub vaj teb dej txias cia, nws tseem nyob tsuas yog npaj ib txhuam thiab kho qhov chaw puas ntawm tsob ntoo.
Daim ntawv qhia Rajushki. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum tau: 60 ml ntawm dej cawv, 0.5 kg ntawm ntoo resin thiab 2 loj spoons (rooj) ntawm linseed roj.
Rau cov yaj uas muaj cua sov tsawg dua, koj yuav tsum ntxiv cov roj lom thiab dej cawv, thiab thaum lub tshav kub txias, nws tau nchuav rau hauv ib lub hlau tau cia, ntawm chav kawm, yog tias koj tsis xav tau nws. 
Yuav ua li cas siv putty
Tam sim no koj paub yuav ua li cas ua vaj tse nyob rau hauv tsev thiab dab tsi yog qhov yuav tsum tau rau qhov no, nws tseem tshuav tsuas yog mus ua tib zoo kawm txoj kev ntawm kev thov cov khoom xyaw.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias koj yuav tsum tau siv cov dej hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum ntxov, thiab tsis nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov, zoo li feem ntau ua tiav, ces nws yuav tsum tau hloov dua tshiab tom qab wintering tsob ntoo.Qhov tseeb, ib qho kev qhia rau ib tug neeg twg siv txhua daim ntawv qhia tsuas tsis muaj nyob, tab sis nws tsis tas yuav, vim tias txhua yam ua tau raws li qhov kev teeb tsa tib lub sijhawm.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov hais tias nws yog ib qhov ua tau rau siv cov khoom noj uas tsuas yog siv rau qhov chaw noj qab nyob zoo xwb, thiab cov tuag, lub plab lossis kab mob ntawm cov tawv ntoo raug tshem tawm ua ntej nws siv. 
Tag nrho cov kev nqis tes ntxiv yog ua raws li hauv qab no:
- lub hauv paus ntawm lub qhov nqaij thiab nws cov ntug yuav tsum tau zoo ntxuav thiaj li hais tias lawv ua tag nrho tus, tsis muaj kev loj hlob thiab kev tawm tsam;
- yaug cov dej huv thiab ntxuav tag nrho cov cuab yeej uas yuav siv los ua kom tiav cov dej num;
- yog tias tsim nyog, ntxuav thiab khoob hauv tsob ntoo, thaum tsis nco qab los ua nws nrog 5% ntawm xiav vitriol (qhov kev haus cawv no kuj yog siv los tua cov khoom muag);
- Yog hais tias cov nroj tsuag ntxiv thiab yuav tsum tau kho nectria los yog cytosporosis, ces tag nrho cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau siv 2% tov tooj liab sulphate thiab 5% hlau.
Contrary to lub tswv yim ntawm ib co gardeners, lub phom rab yaj phom (los yog sprayer) yog tsis zoo rau cov hom phiaj no, vim hais tias kev daws yog siv ntau ntau, thiab sib xws ntawm lub vaj teb twawb yog tsis txaus kua.
Tom kawg ntawm tus txheej txheem, koj tuaj yeem thov antiseptic rau qhov puas tsuaj, ntawm chav kawm, yog tias koj tsis tau ntxiv rau qhov sib xyaw npaj. Nco ntsoov: thaum ua ntawv thov ib lub vaj vara, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tsis yog tuab ntawm txheej, tab sis nws uniform faib. 
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag nws kuj zoo li tias kev siv cov kab ntawv uas tau piav qhia yuav tsis muaj qhov yuam kev, tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov tseeb.
Yog hais tias qhov zoo ntawm qhov "tshuaj" no muaj xws li yooj yim ntawm kev npaj thiab daim ntawv thov, thiab lub zog ntawm kev sib txuas nrog ntoo (ua tsaug rau qhov no, nws tsis poob ntawm cov khaub ncaws los yog txhais tes, ua kom lawv) thiab muaj peev xwm khaws cov dej noo ntev ntev (qhov mob tsis qhuav tawm), ces cov minuses tsis tsawg:
- loj puas tsuaj (qhov dav dav thiab txiav) qhuav ntev ntev tom qab kev kho mob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau rotting ntoo;
- Feem ntau ntawm cov sib tov sib xyaw siv ntau yog tsim rau siv nyob rau hauv lub caij sov xwb, thiab nyob rau hauv qis dua, lawv thicken thiab nyuaj rau thov;
- pheej yig sib tov, thiab txawm nrog tshuaj impurities (feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv tiav lawm) thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov pib qhuav sai sai, vim tias tsob ntoo thiaj li muaj qhov mob loj.
