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Qoob loo ntau lawm

Kev siv ntawm ntau hom ntawm cov organic chiv

Muaj coob tus gardeners thiab gardeners, tsis hais txog ntawm cultivated qoob loo, xav organic chiv uas tau muab los ntawm tsiaj pov tseg los yog nroj tsuag loj hlob. Yog li ntawd, hnub no peb yuav tham txog lub Scopes ntawm ib tug biological fertilizer, sib tham txog lawv zoo thiab tsis zoo sib nrauj.

Manure

Cia peb pib nrog cov tsiaj tshiab khib nyiab, uas yog siv los noj cov nroj tsuag. Tab sis ua ntej piav txog kev siv ntawm chiv, cia peb tham txog nws cov ntaub ntawv.

Manure hom uas siv rau fertilizing agricultural cov qoob loo:

  • nyuj dung;
  • nees manure;
  • nqaij npuas chiv;

Nyuj dung. Qhov hom ntawm chiv no yog ib qho ntawm "feem ntau", raws li nws yog siv los fertilize feem ntau cov qoob loo. Cov dejnum muaj xws li cov nram qab no: nitrogen (3.5 g), calcium (2.9 g), phosphorus (3 g), potassium (1.4 g).

Dua li ntawm nws txoj kev mob, nyuj dung yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov khoom noj tsis haum ntawm cov organic teeb meem, yog li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog rau embed nws nyob rau hauv qis fertility av txawm nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau los yog nrog lwm yam natural fertilizers.

Noog phom. Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog nyuj manure, nees yog ntau yam muaj txiaj ntsim thiab muaj nqis, raws li nws muaj ntau dua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas yog siv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg: nitrogen (4.7 g), calcium (3.5 g), phosphorus (3.8 g), poov tshuaj (2 g).

Saib nyob rau ntawm tus composition, koj yuav pom hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm nitrogen, poov hlau thiab phosphorus yog ib qho kev txiav txim ntawm ntau ntau tshaj li nyob rau hauv nyuj dung, yog li nws yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv tsawg tshaj li mullein. Nees phom nyom yog siv los ua cov noob qoob raws li nram qab no cov qoob loo: taub, zucchini, qos yaj ywm, cucumbers, cabbage.

Los ntawm fertilizing cov kab lis kev cai no heev, koj yuav muaj peev xwm nce lawv cov khoom tsim tau los ntawm ntau lub sij hawm yam tsis tau qhia txog cov chemistry. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim lub siab kub hloov, qhov hom ntawm qhov quav no yog nyob hauv greenhouses rau cua sov txaj.

Peb pom zoo kom nyeem daim ntawv qhia seb yuav ua li cas thiaj siv tau cov quav tsiaj tuaj ntawm koj cov vaj zaub thiab zaub vaj zaub.

Npua manure. Siv cov nqaij npuas chiv kom fertilize lub cuab ntxhiab yog qhov muaj kev pheej hmoo, vim nws yog qhov "pungent" hom tshiab cov chiv. Kom totaub txog qhov essence, saib cov kabmob, xws li: nitrogen (8.13 g), calcium (7, 74 g), phosphorus (7.9), potassium (4.5 g). Cov ntsiab lus nitrogen hauv chiv manure yuav luag 2 zaug siab tshaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm no keeb nyob rau hauv nees khib nyiab.

Yog li ntawd kev siv cov nqaij npuas tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom cov nroj tsuag puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam fertilized. Tshiab npua manure yuav siv tau raws li ib qhov chaw ntawm nitrogen, tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv no cov ntaub ntawv nws yuav tsum tau diluted nrog ntau ntawm cov dej, pub kom koj yuav hlawv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nqaij npuas siv tau rau oxidize cov av. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov pob txha tsis muaj lwj tas muaj coob tus ntau yam cab thiab cov noob nroj tsuag.

Kev siv manure raws li ib tug organic fertilizer yog nruj me ntsis situational thiab tsuas yog siv los ntawm kev paub gardeners thiab gardeners. Txij li thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cov khib nyiab muaj xws li ib qho loj ntawm nitrogen, cov noob nroj, cua nab thiab lwm yam cab, siv cov chiv xws li tsis muaj kev lwg los yog diluting yog qhov tsis zoo. Peb tsis pom zoo siv cov tsiaj nyeg tshiab thaum cog zaub ntau dua.

Humus

Hais txog dab tsi cov organic chiv yog, humus tam sim ntawd los mus rau lub siab, uas yog feem ntau nrov ntawm natural fertilizer.

Humus - Qhov no yog ib qho organic fertilizer, uas dhau mus rau hauv cov quav tshiab los yog cov nroj tsuag seem tom qab ob xyoos ntawm rotting. Qhov no chiv muaj tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov dej noo thiab qhov siab tshaj ntawm cov as-ham ntawm ib pawg neeg.

Yog li, tag nrho cov saum toj no hom ntawm cov quav tsiaj los yog nroj tsuag seem tom qab 2 xyoo ntawm maturation los yog composting tig mus rau humus, uas tsis muaj pathogens los yog kab mob, maj noob los yog lwm yam kev hem rau cov nroj tsuag thiab tib neeg.

Humus tsis tsuas yog nce lub fertility ntawm cov av, tab sis kuj hloov nws cov qauv rau qhov zoo dua. Nws pab ceev cov dej noo hauv cov av xau thiab ua kom cov av ntub av hnyav.

Zoo ob ntawm humus:

  • tsim rau cov qoob loo;
  • non-toxic;
  • txhim kho qhov sib luag ntawm cov av;
  • yuav siv tau thaum twg los tau lub xyoo;
  • nce tsis tsuas yog lub tsim tau ntawm cov zaub cov qoob loo, tab sis kuj av fertility;
  • tsis txaus ntshai rau tib neeg thiab nroj tsuag;
  • yuav siv tau ua ib qho biofuel.

Tsis zoo ob tog ntawm humus:

  • qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj lub ntim loj loj rau ib thaj chaw;
  • qhov nqis txig ntawm kev ua kom muaj noob qoob loo;
  • qhov muaj nqis thiab kev xyaw nrog nws nyob ntawm qhov kev noj haus ntawm cov tsiaj txhu los ntawm kev siv humus (yog hais txog noob);
  • thaum muas fresh manure, koj yuav tsum tos ntev heev kom tau txais humus;
  • qhov yuav tsum tau faib ib tug loj cheeb tsam rau lub cia ntawm chiv.

Yog li, nws hloov tawm hauv qab no: siv humus yog kev lag luam zoo yog tias koj cog nyuj thiab siv cov khib nyiab mus rau fertilize koj lub cuab yeej. Yog hais tias humus yog muas, ces nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau los siv nws los noj cov qoob loo uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas muaj nqi siab los sis muaj txiaj ntsim zoo.

Noog droppings

Hais txog cov organic chiv, lawv cov hom thiab cov yam ntxwv, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob qhia noog droppings, uas txawm paub gardeners los yog gardeners tsis muaj peev xwm siv. Peb yuav pom hais tias qhov pov tseg no tuaj yeem siv rau qhov laj thawj zoo, los yog nws zoo dua rau muab pov tseg kom deb li deb ntawm kev cog lus.

Yuav kom nkag siab txog qhov uas muaj thiab qhov siv tau cov noog ntawm cov noog, peb kwv yees nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg: nitrogen (16 g), phosphorus (15 g), potassium (9 g), calcium (24 g).

Raws li koj tau pom, noog dej zis yog 2 npaug ntau tshaj "acidic" npua qhov chaw ntawm cov ntsiab lus nitrogen. Koj yuav hais tias yog hais tias swine dung tsis tau thov, ces noog droppings yog tag nrho cov ntau txaus ntshai rau cov nroj tsuag. Txawm li cas los, txhua yam yog qhov sib txawv.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Siv cov khoom noj tshiab ntawm cov nqaij qaib kom huv si.

Yuav kom tsis txhob khawb cov cag ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab muab pov tseg ntawm noog pov tseg, tshiab litter tau muab tso rau ntawm nplooj lwg los yog diluted rau sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv qaib qoob rau fertilize txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsuas yog ua tau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj khib nyiab muaj tsawg tsawg ntawm cov quav.

Kawm ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas kom tswj thiab siv cov nqaij qaib poob.

Txoj hauv kev zoo:

  • accelerates lub ripening txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
  • nce tawm yield;
  • txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv;
  • non-toxic;
  • universal (yuav siv tau rau feem ntau cov qoob loo);
  • siv tau peb xyoos tom qab nkag mus rau hauv av.

Tsis zoo sab:

  • kev siv tsis zoo ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm qhov chaw;
  • yuav tsum muaj kev laus los sis kev haus dej hauv dej;
  • overdose ua rau cov av tsis haum rau cog rau ib xyoos.

Ua raws li cov saum toj no, nws muaj peev xwm yuav xaus lus tias kev siv cov noog dung yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau ib nrab ntawm cov composting. Lub nitrogen concentration decreases tom qab ob peb lub hlis ntawm tso, uas txhais tau hais tias lub fertilizer ua tau zoo siv. Nws yog kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsim zoo los siv cov qaib xim ntawm cov tsev neeg ntiav, vim kev yuav khoom yuav tsis tsim nyog cov nqi.

Luav droppings

Luav droppings - Ib qho ntawm cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov organic organic chiv, txij thaum nws siv tau yooj yim rau kev thauj, thiab tsis muaj cab thiab noob nroj tsuag ua rau cov pov tseg zoo rau tib neeg thiab cov nroj tsuag.

Cov nyob ntawm qhov ncauj: nitrogen (6 g), poov tshuaj (6 g), calcium (4 g), magnesium (7 g).

Luav manure, tsis zoo li lwm yam hom khib nyiab, tuaj yeem pib rau ntawm cov hmoov, vim tias cov dej noo ntau heev. Cov khoom siv tau cov hmoov av yog tov nrog hauv av (1/3 tablespoon per 1 kg ntawm av) thiab siv ua ib qho chaw rau cov nroj tsuag sab hauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, luav quav yog tsim rau fertilizing cov qoob loo uas xav tau loj nyiaj ntawm magnesium, txij li yav dhau los hom ntawm chiv tsis muaj lub caij no.

Nws tau hais tias kev qhia txog kev luav dej tshiab rau hauv cov av yuav muaj tib lub txiaj ntsim ntawm cov nroj tsuag li lwm cov quav tsiaj - ua kom cov cag qaub.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog tias khib nyiab tsis kub tsis txias, ces tag nrho cov nitrogen yuav evaporate los ntawm nws thiab xws li chiv yuav poob lub tsov ntxhuav txoj kev tawm ntawm nws cov nqi. Tib yam siv rau boiling dej steaming.

Txij li ntawm luav litter yog tsis siv nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv dawb, nws yuav muab tso on compost los yog ua dej kis dej. Xws li biological fertilizer yog zoo heev rau kev ua liaj / teb.

Teev cov yam zoo ntawm kev sib tw tav tav.:

  • yooj yim rau thauj;
  • siab txheeb tus nqi thiab kev nplua nuj;
  • universality ntawm hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus;
  • tsis muaj kab mob pathogenic thiab nroj noob.

Tsis zoo sab:

  • tshaj cov fertilizer txav cov nroj tsuag ntawm thaj chaw;
  • qhov xav tau rau kev kho mob ua ntej (composting, infusion);
  • tsawg tawm los ntawm fertilizer thiab, raws li, high nqi;
  • thaum ziab ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv tau ploj;
  • tshiab siv yog yuav luag tsis.

Nws hloov tawm hais tias siv luav litter yog zoo tsuas yog tias koj yog yug tsiaj txhu koj tus kheej los yog koj tuaj yeem yuav cov fertilizer ntawm cov nqi sib tw. Raws li yog cov ntaub ntawv nrog rau lwm cov quav tshuaj ntsuab, luav dej tawm tsis haum rau hauv lub plhaub tsis muaj kev laus ntxiv (composting los yog infusion).

Rau cov neeg uas muaj tshis los yog yaj rau lawv ua liaj ua teb, lawv tuaj yeem siv lawv cov quav tsiaj ua cov chiv, raws li nws yog universal.

Compost

Compost yog ob feem nrov fertilizer tom qab humus, thiab thawj nyob rau hauv tus nqi thiab yooj yim ntawm kev npaj.

Compost yog ib qho organic chiv, tiam sis tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem teb tau lo lus nug seb nws yog dab tsi.

Compost - Cov residues organic uas muaj decomposed rau qee lub sij hawm hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm qhov chaw lossis lwm yam khoom siv. Rau qhov kev npaj ntawm nplooj lwg, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuav ntawm cov nroj tsuag (xws li cov hauv paus hniav), chiv, peat, nplooj ntawm ntoo, nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj tib neeg pov tseg, cov zaub mov tsis zoo, cov qe thiab cov tib neeg quav.

Nyeem ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau ib lub qhov taub compost nrog koj txhais tes.

Zoo-rotted compost yog tsis zoo nyob rau hauv zoo thiab muaj cov khoom tseem ceeb los ntawm humus. Yog li ntawd, compost yog siv nyob rau hauv tib lub khoom raws li humus. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov nplooj lwg rau cov nroj tsuag hauv vaj, hauv vaj lossis hauv tsev.

Compost pluses:

  • me me sij hawm thiab kev pab cuam;
  • universality hauv daim ntawv thov;
  • tsis muaj cov kab tsim kev puas tsuaj thiab kab cov nroj tsuag;
  • tsawg dua ntawm cov chiv;
  • txhua hom tsiaj lossis tsob nroj uas tsim nyog ua raw li cov ntaub ntawv raw;

Compost cons:

  • fertilizer tus nqi nyob ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv;
  • tsis kaj siab nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm decomposition ntawm seem;
  • ntau qhov chaw xav tau rau khaws cia lub compost;
  • ib thaj chaw twg yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv ib qho loj ntawm cov chiv;
  • Phaum yuav tau muaj hluav taws xob qis rau cov nroj tsuag.

Yog li, compost tau thiab yuav tsum tau siv rau fertilize lub site, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog tias koj muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm ntau biological pov tseg sau ib hnub.

Cov pob txha yuav ua rau cov nroj tsuag rau 2-3 lub hlis tom ntej no, yog li nws zoo tshaj rau khawb nws hauv cov ntoo txiv ntoo (txiv pear, kua txiv, txiv ntoo, thiab lwm yam), txiv hmab txiv ntoo (txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, raspberries, blackberries, honeysuckle) thiab zaub txaj.

Txawm li cas los xij, peb tsis pom zoo kom koj yuav tau compost, txij li thaum koj tsis paub tias cov khoom siv twg yog siv los ua (piv txwv, dej phwj tuaj), yog li tus nqi tshaj tawm ntawm pob yuav tsis muaj tseeb.

Tshauv

Nws yuav yog ib qho lus nug ntawm ntoo tshauv thiab uas yog tsim los tom qab hlawv cov zaub los ntawm ib qho chaw thiab quav tsiaj. Dab tsi yuav tshauv rau peb thiab nws muaj nqis npaum li cas?

Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tshooj, nyob ntawm seb cov khoom raw li cas, muaj xws li cov khoom: phosphorus, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, manganese thiab lwm tus. Nws hloov tawm tias tshauv, zoo li yav dhau los hom ntawm cov organic chiv, muaj tag nrho cov tsim nyog sib txuas uas ua rau kom muaj zog nce thiab zoo dua qub.

Tshauv yog siv rau cov chiv kiag li tej nroj tsuag ntawm daim zajlus, raws li nws tsis muaj nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau txhua yam tshuaj uas tuaj yeem lom los yog "hlawv" cov nroj tsuag. Txawm li cas los, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum siv cov hmoov tshauv hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj siab alkalinity, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau qhov teeb meem loj tuaj.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus thov lub tshauv nyob rau hauv ib khub nrog "acidic" chiv, uas yog tsim los ntawm nitrogen.

Cov chiv uas muaj nitrogen: urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, azophoska, nitroammofoska, nitrophoska.

Zoo sab:

  • yooj yim chiv npaj;
  • qhov tsis tuaj yeem ua kev hem thawj rau cov nroj tsuag lossis tus neeg;
  • cov khoom noj tsis tshua txaus rau ib thaj chaw;
  • kev yoojyim rau kev thauj mus los thiab cia;
  • tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw;
  • fertilizer versatility;
  • Cov khoom tsis tau ntxiv ua los yog raug.

Tsis zoo sab:

  • qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntoo tshauv nyob ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv raug hlawv;
  • Tshauv, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm fertilizer, yog tsis haum rau cov qoob loo uas nyiam acidic av.

Tshauv yog me ntsis zoo li compost, vim nws muaj nqis nyob ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv siv los tsim qhov khoom kawg.

Vim cov tshauv tsis muaj chlorine, nws yuav tsum tau ua ntej rau cov qoob loo rhiab rau chlorine, xws li raspberries, liab currants, strawberries, cucumbers, zucchini, lettuce, peas, qos yaj ywm.

Yog hais tias koj tus kheej tau txais tshauv, hlawv pov tseg seem, ces qhov no fertilizer muaj pes tsawg tus nqi thiab yog zoo heev rau nce yields thiab txo acidity ntawm cov av.

Koj puas paub? Hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv tsev, cov ntoo tshauv yog siv los tsim tej hom pob zeb.

Peat

Peat - Ib tug nrov fertilizer uas yog siv los nce lub qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo ua liaj ua teb thiab noj ntawm sab hauv nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov no yog decomposed compressed seem ntawm nroj tsuag los yog cov tsiaj, thiab nyob rau hauv cov qus, ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas peat yog tsim nyob rau hauv swamps, nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm high humidity thiab tsis muaj oxygen.

Peat muaj xws li cov ntsiab lus.: nitrogen, calcium, hlau, fluorine, silicon, txhuas, manganese thiab lwm tus.

Peat, tab sis nws muaj ntau tshaj li ib feem peb ntawm humus, yuav tsis siv nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv thiab nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau kom nce lub tawm los. Tag nrho vim hais tias qhov no fertilizer yog pluag nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam. Uas yog, piv txwv li, qhov muaj cov as-ham nyob hauv chiv tau muab piv nrog cov ntsiab lus caloric ntawm cov khoom noj.

Khoom noj khoom haus muaj peev txheej muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, tab sis nws cov zaub mov muaj nqis, tib lub sij hawm, tuaj yeem tsis tshua muaj tsawg. Tib yam yuav hais tau txog peat. Yog li no, yog tias koj "cog" koj cov qoob loo tshwj rau lub peat, ces tsis txhob cia siab tias muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv cov qoob loo.

Fertilizers muaj ib qho loj npaum li cas ntawm nitrogen, yog li nyob rau hauv ib tug loj npaum li cas cov av yog xav oxidized, uas yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov thaum lawv nyob rau hauv cov av.

Qhov zoo ntawm peat:

  • muaj ib qho loj loj ntawm micro thiab macro ntsiab;
  • yooj yim thauj thiab khaws cia;
  • tsis ua teeb meem rau tib neeg los yog nroj tsuag;
  • peat tuaj yeem muab tau tom tsev;
  • yuav siv tau tsis yog raws li ib tug fertilizer, tab sis kuj kuj yog roj;
  • loosens cov av, ua nws ntau ntws;
  • tsim rau feem ntau cov qoob loo thiab cov vaj tse.

Cons ntawm peat:

  • tus nqi siab;
  • xav kom oxidizes cov av (thaum siv rau hauv daim ntawv ntshiab);
  • useless raws li ib tug fertilizer rau fertile xau;
  • qhuav chiv tsis yooj yim rau soak rau kev tso tawm ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog;
  • peat yog siv rau fertilize nroj tsuag ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nrog lwm pub mis.

Nws hloov tawm ntawd peat - situational fertilizer, uas yuav tsum tau kos nyob rau hauv cov av nyob rau hauv tandem nrog lwm cov tshuaj. Ntshua peat tsuas yog siv rau cov av oxidation, uas txhais tau hais tias nws yuav tsum tau txo cov kua qaub dua (piv txwv, tshauv), uas tau qib pH.

Koj puas paub? Kho cov peat siv los nqus roj los ntawm cov dej hiav txwv los yog nws cov ntug dej hiav txwv, nrog rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab.

Nyob rau hauv no video, piav qhia yuav ua li cas ua kom peat nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes.

Biohumus

Biohumus - Qhov no yog qhov av uas tau ua los ntawm cov kab nab. Ntawd yog, nws yog ib qhov pov tseg ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua si.

Biohumus yog ib tug me ntsis nrov ntawm "kev paub" gardeners thiab gardeners, raws li nws yog li niaj zaus siv compost thiab humus, txawm li ntawd los, qhov no fertilizer yog cia li ib storehouse ntawm tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab minerals.

Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub ntiaj teb hauv peb lub vaj thiab seb lawv lub luag hauj lwm lawv ua si licas.

Tsis tas li ntawd, vermicompost (kua vermicompost kua) muaj ntau cov kab mob uas pab tau ntxiv cov kab mob hauv lub cev thiab pab txhawb kom nws loj hlob.

Fertilizer muaj pes tsawg leeg: nitrogen (20 g), phosphorus (20 g), potassium (15 g), calcium (txog 60 g), hlau (txog 25 g), magnesium (txog 23 g), cov khoom organic ntau tshaj ½ ntawm tag nrho cov pawg.

Tsis zoo li cov chiv piav saum toj no, biohumus tsis tsuas yog tsim rau cov av thiab zaub cov qoob loo, tab sis kuj yog ib lub "concentrated dub av", uas zoo heev nce lub fertility ntawm cov av.

Yuav kom paub qhov muaj nqis ntawm ib qho kev chiv, peb nthuav qhia ib co qauv duab. Qhov qhia txog ntawm 1 tuj ntawm manure nce qhov tawm los ntawm grain los ntawm 11-12 kg ib hectare, qhov qhia txog ntawm tib pawg ntawm biohumus nce lub tawm los ntawm 130-180 kg. Nws nyuab ntseeg tias, tab sis qhov ntawd yog qhov nws yog. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, koj thov chiv uas muaj ntau tsim tau zoo tshaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws dub av.

Zoo sab:

  • universality ntawm kev siv;
  • tsis muaj cov kab tsim kev puas tsuaj lossis kab cov nroj tsuag;
  • qhov chaw ntawm cov kab mob zoo li cas;
  • non-toxic;
  • txaus siab rau tag nrho cov kev xav tau ntawm cov nroj tsuag;
  • tsis ntxuav tawm nrog dej;
  • tuaj yeem tau tom tsev;
  • overdose tsis lom lub av (nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom cog nyob rau hauv huv biohumus).

Tsis zoo sab:

  • nqi siab heev ntawm kev muag khoom biohumus (li ntawm $ 350 rau tuj);
  • nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom "npaj" chiv nyob rau tom tsev tsis muas tshwj xeeb kab tshauv;
  • tus txheej txheem ntawm tsim ntawm vermicompost yuav siv sij hawm ntev.

Nws hloov tawm ntawd vermicompost - qhov zoo tshaj plaws fertilizer rau tej qoob loo, yog hais tias koj tsis noj mus rau hauv tus account nws tus nqi. Yog hais tias koj muaj ntau lub sij hawm thiab muaj ib qho pib capital - nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog pib lub me me ntawm ib qho zoo heev fertilizer.

Nyeem txog seb koj tuaj yeem tsim biohumus nrog koj txhais tes.

Yog hais tias koj yuav mus yuav biohumus, ces nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj los pub tsuas yog cov qoob loo zoo tshaj plaws uas koj yuav pib tau rau kev muag khoom. Hauv lwm cov ntaub ntawv, cov nqi yuav tsis them nyiaj, yog li ua ntej yuav yuav xws li ib tug fertilizer, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog txhua yam.

Ntsuab manure (ntsuab fertilizer)

Siderata - Cov no yog cov nroj tsuag uas cog rau ntxiv mus rau hauv av. Ntsuab manure enrich cov av nrog yooj yim assimilable nitrogen thiab lwm yam kab kawm.

Cov kab uas muaj siderata muaj xws li: tag nrho legumes, mustard, rapeseed, "standard" cereals, phacelia, buckwheat. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, kwv yees li ntawm plaub puas ntawm ntau haiv neeg tuaj yeem ua si txog txoj haujlwm ntawm kev sib tw.

Planting sideratov yuav pab txhim kho qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov av thiab nce tus tawm los ntawm koj cov qos yaj ywm.

Peb cog, piv txwv li, peas. Tshaj li nws tau txais qhov tsim nyog ntsuab loj, peb embed nws nyob rau hauv lub hauv av thiab tom qab ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm peb cog cov qoob loo loj hauv qhov chaw no. Peas decompose thiab muab peb cov nroj tsuag nrog cov as-ham.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv txoj cai sideratov:

  • tsis muaj kev hem thawj rau nroj tsuag lossis tib neeg;
  • tsis tas yuav tsum faib chaw rau khaws cia chiv;
  • universality ntawm kev siv;
  • qhov muaj cov ntsiab lus uas tsim nyog rau cov nroj tsuag;
  • Overdose yuav ua tsis tau, vim hais tias ntsuab mans tsis rot "thaum lub caij";
  • kev ua dua tshiab thiab lwm cov khoom seem uas tau tso tawm;
  • fertilizer tsis lom cov av.

Cons ntawm siv sideratov:

  • rotting ntev txog ob xyoos, yog li yuav tsis muaj kev txhim kho tam sim hauv cov av;
  • sij hawm thiab nyiaj siv rau cog thiab loj hlob sideratov;
  • nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom thauj no hom chiv ntev ntev;
  • siderats deplete cov av, accumulating cov as-ham;
  • Ntsuab manure yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv tandem nrog rau lwm hom chiv kom tau txais kev tsim nyhuv.

Nws hloov tawm ntawd cog ntsuab manure nroj tsuag, tab sis nws nce qoob loo, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov nqi ntawm koj, uas tej zaum yuav tsis pov thawj rau lawv tus kheej.

Raws li kev xaiv ntawm cov qoob loo uas yuav ua hauj lwm raws li kev siv chiv, cov txiaj ntsig zoo li ib lub hwj txwv txawv, yog li nws ua rau kev nkag siab rau cov nroj tsuag uas muaj qoob loo (los yog tsawg kawg ntawm nws) hauv av los nrhiav pov thawj cov nyiaj siv rau cov noob thiab dej.

Pob Pluag Mov (Pob Tsuas Noj)

Pob txha noj mov - nws yog ib qho av rau lub xeev pob txha ntawm cov nyuj lossis cov ntses.

Cia tus tham txog cov tsiaj txhu tsiaj noj. Qhov no fertilizer yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv phosphorus thiab calcium, yog li nws zoo kawg nkaus nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv cov composition ntawm pob txha noj mov muaj ntau txoj kab thiab biologically active tshuaj uas muaj ib tug zoo zoo rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo.

Ntses noj mov. Tib yam khoom dawb, uas yog tau los ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab kev sib tsoo cov pob txha ntawm cov ntses sib txawv. Cov hmoov nplej no muaj cov ntsiab lus siab nitrogen, uas yog ua haujlwm tsis tuaj yeem hauv pob txha noj mov ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov nyiaj ntawm phosphorus yog ntau siab tshaj nyob rau hauv cov pob txha noj mov ntawm nyuj.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias dhau ntawm overdose, pob txha noj mov kuj ua raws li superphosphate, ua rau kev laus sai ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab ua rau lwm cov kev mob tshwm sim.

Nws yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias pob txha noj thiaj li ua rau lub qaub ncaug ntawm cov av, yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum siv rau alkaline xau nrog lwm tus neeg sawv cev oxidising, uas sib npaug li pH.

Qhov zoo ntawm pob txha noj mov:

  • tsis muaj teeb meem impurities, tsim kev puas tsuaj thiab kab cov nroj tsuag;
  • muaj ib tus nqi qis heev;
  • nrog rau kev txuag "txee lub neej" tsis muaj cwj ciam;
  • muaj ib lub caij nyoog ntev, li ntawd cov nroj tsuag tau txais tag nrho cov ntsiab nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj;
  • tsim rau cov qoob loo uas nws loj hlob nyob ntawm phosphorus thiab calcium;
  • yuav siv tau los txo cov acidity ntawm xau;
  • yooj yim thauj thiab khaws cia;
  • tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw.

Tsis zoo cov pob txha noj mov:

  • nyuaj ua noj hauv tsev;
  • tsis yog ib qho ua chiv;
  • Yog tias siv tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem nce qhov feem pua ​​ntawm phosphorus hauv av ntau zaus thiab ua rau nws tsis zoo rau cog qoob loo feem ntau.

Nws hloov tawm ntawd nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom pob txha noj nyob hauv tsev, yog li qhov no yog ib qho kev yuav khoom ntxiv. Nws ua rau paub siv xws li fertilizer tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog rau lwm cov organic chiv uas muaj me me ntawm phosphorus thiab calcium. Siv nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv dawb yuav tsis ua hauj lwm, thiab ib overdose yuav tawm koj tsis muaj qoob loo.

Koj puas paub? Ua kom cov lus qab zib ntawm pas nrig qab zib, khaus nyom yog crushed, cais cov kua txiv hmab txiv los ntawm lub plawv hniav. Kua txiv huv si yog siv cov pob txha char, uas ua raws li lub lim (raw cov ntaub ntawv yog pob txha ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov nyuj).

Sawdust

Sawdust, feem ntau, yog siv rau av mulching, txuag nroj tsuag los ntawm muaj zog kub tee thiab weeds. Ncaj nraim ntawm me me sawdust hauv av yuav tsis tsuas yog tsis muab ib tug zoo tshwm sim, tab sis kuj ua rau ib deterioration nyob rau hauv cov zoo ntawm cov av, uas yog nqi nco ntsoov.

Yog li ntawd yuav ua li cas siv sawdust nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm fertilizer? Muaj 3 kev xaiv rau lawv siv: av mulching, composting, tov nrog chiv / humus.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog tsim nyog los sib tov tshiab sawdust nrog tshiab manure, vim hais tias ntoo chips nqus ntau nitrogen.

Yog hais tias koj siv cov av mulching nrog sawdust, ces rau thawj lub sij hawm lawv yuav ua tsuas yog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv xwb. Tsuas yog tom qab 3 xyoo, thaum lub dab ntawm rotting dhau, sawdust yuav pub cov av thiab muab tseem ceeb kawm mus rau cog nroj tsuag.

Composting Sawdust, zoo li lwm cov nroj tsuag seem, yuav muab tso rau ntawm composting thiab nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej tau zoo fertilizer. Sib tov nrog humus los yog manure. Qhov kev xaiv no yog pom zoo kom siv rau hauv greenhouses thiab hotbeds thiaj li tau sai sai tuaj rau hauv cov av thiab ua kom nws looser.

Qhov zoo ntawm sawdust:

  • zoo kawg loosen cov av;
  • tuaj yeem tau tom tsev;
  • luv nqi qis;
  • yuav siv tau raws li kev tiv thaiv, uas nws thiaj li dhau mus ua fertilizer;
  • Koj tuaj yeem txo qhov acidity ntawm cov av los yog ua rau nws siv cov kua los sis lwg lwg;
  • yooj yim ntawm kev thauj mus los thiab cia;
  • tsis hnov ​​tsw.

Cons ntawm sawdust:

  • plhis lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua tiav rotting (txog li 10 xyoo);
  • tshiab sawdust yuav rub tag nrho cov nitrogen tawm ntawm lub hauv av, thiab rotted sawv daws yuav oxidize cov av mus rau xws li ib lub xeev tias tsuas yog wormwood yuav loj hlob on nws;
  • tsis muaj zaub mov muaj nqis rau cov nroj tsuag;
  • kev lag luam sawdust yuav muaj impurities ntawm varnishes thiab xim tsev uas muaj tshuaj lom rau cov nroj tsuag.

Yog li, sawdust yog zoo dua los siv raws li ib tug "tread", uas yuav eventually noj cov qoob loo, es tsis yog raws li ib tug tag nrho-fertilizer.

Yog hais tias muaj ib qho loj tonnage ntawm cov khoom tshiab muaj, ces nws yog zoo dua mus muab nws on compost, nyob rau hauv no cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav sai sai tau tag nrho cov nqi fertilizer.

Koj puas paub? Cawv, tsim rau siv, yuav ua tau tawm los ntawm sawdust.

Il

Il (sapropel) - Tsob nroj thiab tsiaj txhu uas nyob hauv qab ntawm dej ntws thiab pas dej, zoo li peat.

Qhuav sludge muaj cov lus hauv qab no: nitrogen (20 g), phosphorus (5 g), poov tshuaj (4 g).

Raws li koj tau pom, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab ntawm silt yog tsis inferior rau cov tsiaj nyeg pov tseg. Xws li ib tug fertilizer yog tseem ceeb vim hais tias nws decomposes sai sai nyob rau hauv cov av, xws li cov nroj tsuag seem.

Nws yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias qhov dej xau yog siv rau ntawm cov av xuab zeb, tuav cov dej noo nyob hauv av. Siv silt rau loamy xau, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj, raws li nws ua rau cov huab cua permeability thiab khaws dej. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yuav tsum tau thov sludge ua ke nrog lwm cov chiv uas txhim kho lub flowability ntawm cov av.

Zoo sab:

  • sludge, nyob rau hauv muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, tsis yog tsis zoo ntawm cov tsiaj pov tseg;
  • yuav siv tau tam sim ntawd tom qab ziab;
  • sai sai rotting hauv av;
  • txhim kho cov qauv ntawm cov av xuab zeb;
  • tsis muaj cov noob nroj tsuag;
  • nplua nuj nyob rau hauv biologically active tshuaj.

Tsis zoo sab:

  • sludge tau tsuas yog los ntawm cov pob zeb uas muaj qaug zog tam sim no;
  • "Tshiab" sludge yuav ua mob loj heev rau cov nroj tsuag, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau qhuav;
  • Lub siab nitrogen cov ntsiab lus ua rau cov kua qaub av qaub, yog li no nws tsuas siv rau qhov tsis zoo thiab alkaline xau;
  • sludge los ntawm ib tug dej pas dej tau tuaj yeem ua puas tsuaj hauv koj cheeb tsam;
  • Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab tus nqi ntawm lub chiv nyob ntawm lub reservoir los ntawm uas lub sludge twb muab rho tawm.

Nws hloov tawm tias nws ua kom paub siv cov dej ntim tsuas yog muaj lub pas dej los yog ib tug dej uas tsis muaj zog tam sim no nyob ze, vim tias yuav tau muaj cov dej ntau yuav muaj teeb meem loj (feem ntau cov dej ntws tawm hauv dej phwj tuaj). Yog tias koj txiav txim siab yuav nqus dej, ces sib piv cov lus pom zoo nrog cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm koj cov av kom tsis txhob ua rau muaj teeb meem ntxiv.

Cov quav

Tshaj tawm tsab xov xwm tshaj plaws yog ua tiav niche chiv - tib neeg quav. Muaj ntau tus gardeners thiab gardeners txhob txwm tawm sab nraum qhov chaw tso zis tawm ntawm qhov chaw cog qoob loo, yog li tsis mus rau tshuaj lom cov av, tab sis txawm tias muaj peev xwm ua rau koj cov nroj tsuag.

Cia peb pib nrog lub cev muaj pes tsawg leeg: nitrogen (txog li 8 g), phosphorus (txog li 4 g), poov tshuaj (3 g).

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tib neeg quavntsej muaj txog tib lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus xws li nees manure, nrog rau kev zam ntawm nitrogen. Yuav kom siv xws li chiv tsis muaj kev raug mob rau cov nroj tsuag thiab tib neeg, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tsim nrog composted ua ke nrog weakly decomposing organic seem (peat, sawdust). Lub sijhawm tsawg kawg yog 3 lub hlis. Kev siv cov quav hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv yog txwv tsis pub, raws li lawv yog qhov chaw ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic uas yuav ua rau koj thiab cog qoob loo.

Tom qab kis tau tus kab mob tsawg kawg nkaus, yuav tsum muab cov hmoov sib xyaw hmoov tso rau hauv pais li ntawm 18 lub hlis rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Lub tiav fertilizer yog siv raws li zoo li chaw ruaj ntseg chiv. Cov kab tsuag uas yog cov nroj tsuag yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov nroj tsuag ntau dua li cov tsiaj pov tseg.

Zoo sab:

  • Muab cov khoom ua si tawm hauv tsev tsis muaj nqi ntxiv;
  • kuj muaj nqis ntawm cov ua tiav fertilizer;
  • tsis muaj nqi;
  • yuav tsis muaj kev txhawj txog qhov tsis muaj raw khoom;
  • tsis muaj nroj noob.

Tsis zoo sab:

  • tsis hnov ​​tsw tsw;
  • ntev lub sij hawm "npaj" ntawm high-qib fertilizer;
  • nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los faib ntau qhov chaw rau rotting quav;
  • nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv ntxiv cov khoom ntxiv (peat, straw, sawdust), tsis tas uas lub rotting tag nrho ntawm cov quav yog tsis yooj yim sua;
  • cov khoom nyoos yog ib qho chaw yug me nyuam rau cov kab mob phem thiab kab mob;
  • kev yuav khoom raw khoom yog qhov teeb meem tsis tshua muaj teeb meem.

Ua raws li cov lus saum toj no, peb tuaj yeem xaus li ntawd txawm hais tias tib neeg quav yuav siv tau ua chiv, qhov tsis hnov ​​tsw tsw ntxhiab thiab cov txheej txheem ntev yuav ua rau ntshai tshaj plaws gardeners thiab gardeners los ntawm kev lag luam xws li. Nws yog ib qho meej pem siv hom chiv no tsuas yog tias cov nplooj lwg tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw nyob thiab cov chaw lag luam, vim tsis muaj kev tsis txaus siab los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze thiab cov kab mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob yuav tsis raug zam.

Peb nthuav qhia lub ntsiab ntawm cov phooj ywg environmentally fertilizers uas yuav siv tau los ua kom cov qoob loo, txhim kho cov nroj tsuag loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, nce av fertility. Txhua fertilizer tau nws cov pros thiab cons, yog li koj yuav tsum siv tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus nqi.

Nthuav Cov Khoom