Grape ntau yam uas ua los ntawm cov neeg txawj xaiv cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntev ua qhov chaw.
Xws li ntau yam feem ntau muaj tsis tsuas zoo heev txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo thiab tsis tu ncua, tab sis kuj muaj zoo tsis kam.
Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog rau no tias breeders ua hauj lwm rau lawv.
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb xav kom koj paub koj, peb cov nyeem, nrog ib qho ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas tau pib paub ob qho tib si hauv cov amateur thiab industrial viticulture.
Lawv muaj ntau yam "Talisman", tag nrho cov secrets uas peb yuav sim qhia rau hauv qab no, thiab qhia tias yuav ua li cas cog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo nkauj hauv lawv tus kheej.
"Talisman" - ntau yam uas yuav zoo siab koj nrog nws cov qualities
Qhov no ntau tau los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm Lavxias teb sab uas siv cov ntaub ntawv xws li "Frumoasa Albe" thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws "Delight" rau qhov no.
Yog li, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau txais, uas tau txais nws cov koob tsheej tsis yog ib qho kev coj noj coj ua, tab sis kuj yog ib daim ntawv niam txiv tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tshiab. Hauv kev nteg qe "Talisman" yog ib qho pub ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thiab tawm los zoo, nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv rau lub hom phiaj no los ntawm pib xyaum ua growers.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov chaw ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no qee zaum ua rau muaj kev sib cav sib ceg nrog nws: ntawm cov neeg thiab cov kws tshaj lij, "Talisman" muaj ntau heev ntawm cov npe, thiab vim li no nws cov yub nyuab nyuab heev.
Qee lub npe hu ua "Kesha-1", "Kesha-2", "Kesha Muscat", "Super Kesha" thiab, thaum kawg, "FV-6-6", xaiv tib lub "Talisman". Qhov tseeb yog nws yuav luag zoo tib yam nrog ntau yam "Kesha", tau zoo sib xws thiab cov niam txiv tib yam, tab sis yog ntau fruitful thiab tau zoo dua saj.
Cov txiv hmab "Talisman" yog ntau zoned zoned vim tias nws muaj lub sij hawm mus rau ripen txawm nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob nrog ib tug luv luv lub caij ntuj sov lub caij, thiab yog txaus resistant rau tsis ruaj tsis khov huab cua. Lub fab ntawm cov kab no pom lawv tus kheej zoo nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb, thiab tshaj li qhov chaw uas nyob rau sab qaum teb thaj chaw.
Pawg ntawm "Talisman": ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Cov txhuam ntawm no grape yog loj heev, uas attracts winegrowers. Qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm ib pawg tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 0.8 rau 1.2 kilograms.
Zoo ua liaj ua teb technology thiab attentive kev kho mob ntawm Bush tau significantly txhim kho cov ntsuas no. Raws li rau lwm cov yam ntxwv ntawm pawg, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias lawv muaj qhov nruab nrab-ntom thiab tsis tshua muaj kev sib txuam. Cov duab ntawm txhuam ntawm no ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog feem ntau conical, nyob rau hauv tsawg xyoo nrog pluag pollination, lawv muaj peev xwm shapeless.
Berries kuj raws li cov loj lojuas yuav tsum to taub los ntawm cov nram qab no tsis: nruab nrab ntev ntawm ib tug Berry yog 3.5 centimeters, thiab nws qhov dav yog txog 3.1. Ntawm no nws kuj tseem yuav xaus lus tias lawv muaj ntau tshaj li lub voj voog loj dua ib tus elongated.
Qhov nyhav ntawm ib qho nqaij npua yuav ua tau los ntawm 12 mus rau 16 grams thiab ntau dua, yog hais tias koj muab lub Bush thaum lub sij hawm fruiting nrog tsim nyog tus nqi ntawm cov muab kev pab cuam. Cov berries yog txawv los ntawm dawb xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij xim thiab ib qho zoo thiab zoo sib haum xeeb. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm tag nrho cov ripening, Talisman grapes nutmeg aromadab tsi yog strikingly los ntawm Kesha.
Tab sis, dhau li ntawm pleasant aroma, lub berries kuj muaj ib tug zoo qab zib-accumulating muaj peev xwm, uas muab lawv cov nqaij ib tug zoo heev zoo. Nyob rau hauv kev, theem ntawm qhov ntsuas no nyob rau hauv lub pulp ntawm berries ntawm piav ntau yam yuav txawv los ntawm 17 mus rau 23%. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lawv cov acidity tsis nce saum 8g / l.
Sib tham txog lo lus nug ntawm fruiting grape Bush ntau yam "Talisman"
Raws li rau cov tawm los, qhov piav ntau yam muaj peev xwm thov koj ntau heev, vim nws muaj peev xwm dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib tug heev theem. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, tsaug rau ib tug vausous shrub thiab ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm fruitful tua.
Hais txog ntawm yav tas, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sau cia tias cov tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm tua ntawm ib tug Bush, lawv tus xov tooj yog txog 75-90%. Tsis tsimnyog tias lub fertility coefficient ntawm no ntau yam yog heev siab - 1.4-1.8. Qhov ntsuas no qhia tau tias tsawg tshaj 2 zaug inflorescences feem ntau tsis yog tsim ntawm ib qho tua, qee zaus muaj peb (tab sis qhov no nws yog qhov zoo dua uas ua rau kev sib tw ntawm qoob loo).
Ib tug Bush tsis muaj kev ntshai yuav tsum tau muab ntim nrog lub qhov muag nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 24 mus rau 32 buds. Cov kws tshaj lij paub hais tias muaj kev tu zoo, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov qoob loo thiab ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov txiv hmab tsis yog rau ntau yam, tab sis kuj piv nrog lwm tus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub Talisman bushes pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo sai sai, lus nyob rau hauv ob xyoo tom qab cog nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw mus tas li ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug ob-xyoos-sapling.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ripening "Talisman" es yuav ntaus nqi mus rau thaum ntxov-medium qib. Tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm lub caij loj hlob ntawm Bush los ntawm lub caij ntawm Bud txhaum mus txog qhov pib ntawm meej ripeness ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, yuav siv sij hawm 127-135 hnub. Qhov no tso cai los ntawm pib ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj pib tasting thiab tag nrho so ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov ntsiab lus zoo li no cia kom loj hlob cov txiv hmab txawm tias qis qaum teb sab qaum teb.
Nws kuj yog nyiam kom nyeem txog cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo Burdak A.V.
Qhov zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm "Talisman", uas yog xav ua nws daim npav hu ua
- Heev yields thiab loj loj ntawm ob qho tag nrho cov bunches thiab berries on lawv.
- Zoo saj ntawm berries.
- Cov qoob loo muaj sij hawm ntev cia. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm tias yog qhov pib ntawm kev tshem tawm, lawv muaj peev xwm tswj lawv qhov kev nthuav qhia thiab saj rau ib lub sijhawm ntev.
- Txiv hmab txiv ntoo kuj tau yooj yim thauj, ua kom pom zoo nkauj ntawm tej pawg.
- Bush teb zoo heev mus rau sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws nrog kev pab los ntawm pob zeb hauv av chiv (potash ntsev + superphosphates).
- Nws boasts zoo heev rooting ntawm cuttings, uas zoo heev facilitates tus txheej txheem ntawm luam ntawm no ntau yam.
- Nrog rau niaj zaus tiv thaiv spraying ntawm Bush los ntawm fungal kab mob, tshwm sim ntawm mildew, grey rot los yog oidium tsis pom.
- Kev kam rau siab uas tsis muaj peevxwm hauv "Talisman" zoo heev. Nws vine tsis ntshai ntawm Frost ntawm-25 ° C. Tab sis, txawm tias qhov no, nws yog hais txog npog cov txiv hmab.
- Nws yog pom zoo kom loj hlob cov grapes on rootstocks nrog perennial ntoo, txij li thaum feem ntau nws yog precisely vim hais tias ntawm no tias high nqi ntawm fruiting yog tiav.
Disadvantages ntawm Talisman grapes: dab tsi seedling Sellers tsis qhia?
Txawm tias muaj coob tus zoo heev zoo ntawm cov piav ntau yam, nws kuj muaj nws cov teeb meem. Thawj ntawm cov no yog qhov tsis muaj txiv neej khiav dej num hauv Talisman paj. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv dav dav, txawm nyob rau hauv tis ntawm no, nws yog zoo heev pollinated, tsis tau, tis ntawm no, ib tug me ntsis pea ntawm berries yuav cai. Tab sis yog tias lub xyoo muab los ua tsis tshua zoo rau pollination, nws yog advisable los saib xyuas ntawm no independently thiaj li tsis mus sab laug yam tsis muaj qoob loo.
Qhov thib ob yog qhov tsis zoo heev high tawm los "Talisman". Tej zaum koj xav hais tias muaj ib qho yuam kev, tab sis qhov tseeb txhua yam tau hais kom raug.
Ib tug heev loj npaum li cas ntawm cov peev xwm sau yog khi li ntawm ib tug Bush, uas Bush yog feem ntau tsis tau tawm. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj lub hom phiaj yog tsis yog sau xwb, tab sis ib qho zoo nkauj thiab siab zoo sau, tsis txhob hnov qab txog rationing tus naj npawb ntawm cov txiv hmab on ib Bush.
Ntau tus pom zoo txiav tawm hle cov tsiaj qis underdeveloped, vim lawv qhov kev loj hlob kuj siv sijhawm ntau ntawm cov as-ham.
Loj hlob grapes "Talisman" nyob rau tom tsev: yuav ua li cas cog ib Bush
Cog ib grapevine yog qhov yooj yim heev. Qhov loj tshaj plaws kom muaj kev to taub txog qhov txheej txheem no thiab ntau yam txaus siab. Nce "Talisman" sai sai, thiab nws lub peev xwm ua kom haum yog nyob ntawm qhov siab.
Nyob rau hauv dab tsi tej yam kev mob ua grapes zoo tshaj plaws loj hlob thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo? Xaiv qhov chaw mus rau thaj av
Sab nraud cov neeg mob muaj peev xwm heev xav nyob rau hauv lub vine, vim hais tias sab nraud ib puag ncig yog qhov chaw ntawm cov muab kev pab cuam rau cov nroj tsuag no. Yog li, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tso tawm lub caij no tseem ceeb los ntawm kev mloog thiab ua tib zoo xaiv ib qho chaw rau cog grapes.
Thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov no, qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws cog rau qhov chaw uas nws tau txais qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm tshav ntuj. Yog li, xaiv qhov chaw ntawm koj lub vev xaib uas tsis muaj duab ntxoov ntxoo yuav luag txhua lub teeb ntawm lub hnub. Nws sab qab teb yuav los ze, zoo, los yog tsawg kawg sab qab teb-thaj ib sab.
Qhov thib ob, nws tseem ceeb sib txawv rau cov txiv hmab yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cua los ntawm, uas muaj zog heev yog tias lawv tshuab los ntawm sab qaum teb. Hauv no hais txog, cov neeg cog qoob loo ntseeg tau pom zoo kom cog cov txiv hmab tom qab tsev, lwm cov vaj tse lossis vaj ntoo, uas yuav ua haujlwm ua daim npog rau cov nroj tsuag no.
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb txog qhov kev xaiv ntawm ib qho chaw rau cov txiv hmab yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias nws yog zoo dua tsis mus cog vines nyob rau hauv lowlands los yog hav, vim txias cua ntws nyob rau hauv xws li qhov chaw feem ntau stagnate. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov yam ntxwv, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem raug mob, los yog ib feem poob lawv cov hlais. yog li, ib lub toj siab los yog ua kom siab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov kev coj noj coj ua ntawm no.
Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb kuj yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov av nyob rau hauv uas grapes yuav tsum loj hlob. Txawm hais tias nws fertility tsis siab tshwj xeeb, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias raws li nws hom nws tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim cia rau hauv dej. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yuav dub av, tab sis nrog kev loj hlob ntawm loam txiv hmap bushes "Talisman" kuj pom zoo heev. Nrog tsis txaus fertility, Bush yuav tsum tsis tu ncua thiab heev richly pub.
Hauv paus system ntawm grapes yog tsim mus rau ib tug loj heev nplai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntseeg nws mus tob rau hauv cov av. Vim li no, nws tseem ceeb heev ua ntej kuaj seb cov dej hauv av. Lawv yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov ntoo hauv txhua txoj kev yog hais tias theem ntawm lawv tshwm sim yog yam tsawg 2.5 meters.
Kut cog tswvyim: yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob thicken lub vineyard
Txij li thaum lub Talisman grape bushes muaj ib tug zoo kev loj hlob quab yuam, lawv yuav tsum tau cog dav. Nws yog qhov siab ua kom qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob lub hav zoov ntawm ib leej hauv 4 meters. Yog li, yuav muaj txaus qhov chaw ob qho rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev tua thiab rau keeb kwm.
Nrog tsis heev fertile av, nws yog tseem tau me ntsis nce no deb, vim uas qhov chaw ntawm Bush khoom noj khoom haus kuj yuav nce. Yog hais tias koj cog bushes nyob rau hauv ob peb kab, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tawm ib tug deb ntawm 5-6 meters nruab nrab ntawm lawv.
Yuav ua li cas yog lub sij hawm tshaj plaws rau cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo kom loj hlob?
Lub sij hawm ntawm cog grapes yuav heev lub caij nyoog thiab yuav zoo heev nyob ntawm seb ntawm txoj kev ntawm luam.
Ua ntej no, nws yog ua tau cog bushes ntawm no kab lis kev cai ob qho tag nrho nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Tsis muaj qhov txawv txav thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov no lossis qhov cog qoob loo, txhua yam yuav nyob ntawm seb thaum twg koj yuav cov sapling.
Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ib ncig ntawm lub kawg ntawm lub Peb Hlis, koj muaj peev xwm pib cog "tsaug zog" seedlings, grafting cuttings thiab propagating grapes nrog ceg. Nyob rau hauv ib tug tom qab thiab, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ib lub sij hawm kom sov, koj muaj peev xwm cog ntsuab seedlings, ua lub grafts "ntsuab mus rau ntsuab".
Qhov zoo dua ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog yog lub peev xwm ntawm ib tug hluas Bush kom haum zoo mus rau ib qho chaw tshiab ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab loj hlob zoo, thiaj li yuav ciaj sia lub caij ntuj no yooj yim dua thiab ruaj khov.
Autumn cog yog tsawg dua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ib ntus thiab tsim dua rau cov luam ntawm grapes "tsaug zog" cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yog kev txhawj xeeb saplings thiab cuttings, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, yog harvested nyob rau hauv lub Autumn.
Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub xeem yam, nws yog precisely nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no nws yog feem ntau cov zajlus kom cog lub grapes. Qhov kev pom zoo yog nruab nrab-Lub Kaum Hlis, lossis me ntsis ntxov / tom qab, nyob ntawm seb cov huab cua thiab kev nyuab siab ntawm koj cheeb tsam. Qhov tsuas yog drawback yog qhov siab heev ntawm Frost kev puas tsuaj rau seedlings, tab sis nrog zoo npog rau lub caij ntuj no, lawv endure frosts zoo kawg nkaus.
Inoculate grapes "Talisman" mus rau lub Tshuag: dab tsi yog cov nta thiab tricks?
Hais txog qhov "Talisman" ntau yam, hom tsiaj qe no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, uas cog cov nroj tsuag kom loj hlob thiab nkag mus rau qhov sai dua. Yuav kom muaj ib tug zoo txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom zoo npaj cov cuttings:
- Ntev cuttings tsis xav tau, 2-3 lub qhov muag yog txaus.
- Qhov qis ntawm qhov txiav yog pom zoo kom txiav ob sab. Ib tus npliag tso rau hauv txoj kev no yuav muaj kev sib txuas lus nrog nws thiab yuav muaj kev khwv tau sai dua.
- Yuav kom tuav lub txiav ntev dua qhov noo noo, koj muaj peev xwm wax nws.
- Ua ntej lawv siv cov kabmob ua ke, qhov qis tshaj ntawm lub txiav yog muab tso rau hauv dej. Koj tuaj yeem tau poob rau hauv kev daws nrog ib tug stimulator ntawm paus tsim, uas yog npaj los ntawm lub yeeb tshuaj "Humate".
Thaum npaj lub Tshuag, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog los tshem tawm cov qub Bush. Qhov txiav tom qab no yuav tsum nyob twj ywm du, qhov siab ntawm qhov hemp yog li 10 centimeters. Tom qab ntawd, qhov ntuag yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo, thiab muab cov ntaub ntub dej los ntawm av tawm.
Qhov faib rau qhov txiav yuav tsum tau ua raws nraim li ntawm nruab nrab ntawm cov Tshuag. Tsis txhob phom nws los yog xav, vim qhov no yuav ua rau kev puas tsuaj. Koj muaj peev xwm cog ob peb cuttings ib zaug, yog hais tias lub Tshuag tso cai rau nws thiab koj xav tau ib tug loj Bush.
Tus essence of grafting yog tias tsuas trimmed ntawm lub txiav yog txo qis rau hauv lub split, thiaj li hais tias tag nrho nws lub qhov muag yog saum toj no lub Tshuag. Tom qab qhov no, lub pob zeb yuav tsum yog qhov nruj nreem txhawm rau kom sib tiv tauj ntawm cov Tshuag thiab cov leeg.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas ntub nws nrog ntub av nplaum, uas yuav pab tau kom ntub dej noo thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev raug mob. Inoculation yog ua tiav los ntawm watering lub Tshuag thiab mulching cov av.
Yuav ua li cas los xyuas kom muaj kev vine zoo meej?
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau tswj kom muaj ib theem ntawm cov av noo noo ib ncig ntawm lub txiv hmab. Vim li no, thaum lub caij ua rau nws yuav tsum tau ywg dej. Watering yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Tsis txhob hnov qab mulch tom qab hais tias saum npoo ntawm cov av. siv moss los yog sawdust li mulch.
- Lub subcortex yuav tsum tsis tu ncua thiab muaj humus, nitrogen, phosphates thiab potassium.
- Qoob loo nruab nrab - 5-8 qhov muag. Nws yog tuav nkaus xwb nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg los yog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, sai li sai tau tom qab daus tau yaj.
- Nws yog tsim nyog los npog qhov bushes rau lub caij ntuj no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings.
- Kev tiv thaiv kom tsis tu ncua yuav pab tiv thaiv kom txhob muaj kab mob ntawm cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag. Lawv yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ua ntej ntawm flowering ntawm grape Bush thiab thaum lub sij hawm thaum lub berries yog cia li pib rau.
