Mid-lub caij qos ntau yam yog nrov ntawm gardeners, vim hais tias cov ntsiab ntawm kev ua hauj lwm muaj peev xwm soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-lub caij ntuj sov.
Ib qho ntawm cov ntau yam yog lub Azhur ntau yam, nws tau coj tawm los ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov kws tshawb fawb - breeders raws li ib tug hloov rau ib co European ntau yam uas yog nyob rau hauv zoo xav.
Nyeem nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam, qhov tseem ceeb yam ntxwv thiab yam ntxwv ntawm qos yaj ywm. Raws li cov kev xav rau cov kab mob thiab tsis kam mus tua los ntawm kab tsuag.
Ntau yam piav qhia
| Qib npe | Openwork |
| Cov yam ntxwv dav dav | medium thaum ntxov rooj ntau yam nrog zoo nkauj oval tubers ntawm kev lag luam tawm, zoo khaws cia |
| Gestation lub sijhawm | 70-80 hnub |
| Tshua cov ntsiab lus | 14-16% |
| Pawg ntawm kev lag luam tubers | 95-115 |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm tubers nyob rau hauv lub Bush | 7-13 |
| Tawm | 450-500 |
| Tus neeg siv khoom zoo | zoo saj, tsim rau zaub nyoos thiab ci |
| Recumbency | 95% |
| Cov tawv nqaij xim | lub liab |
| Hnav xim | lub teeb daj |
| Xav tias tsam thaj tsam loj hlob | txhua yam |
| Disease tsis kam | resistant mus rau mob cancer thiab scab, moderately resistant mus lig blight |
| Ntaus zuj zus | qauv ua liaj ua teb |
| Keeb kwm | kev lag luam agricultural "SeDek" (Russia) |
Cov qos yaj ywm "Openwork" - pib ntawm cov kab tua thawj zaug rau kev ua kom tiav (qhov no yog lub sij hawm thaum lub qos yaj ywm muaj qee qhov loj thiab tawv nqaij uas tiv thaiv cov qoob loo) uas siv txog 70 - 80 hnub, ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog nyias, tsis muaj zog, lagging qab lub tubers) los dhau los.
Qos yaj ywm npaj txhij rau harvesting yog pom los ntawm Bush - nws hloov daj thiab ntog tawm. Perederzhivat qos yaj ywm hauv av yog tsis tsim nyog, nws muaj peev xwm puas qhov cia, ib co pathologies yuav tsim. Nws yog tsim nyog rau kos cug ntau yam ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv kom thiaj li yooj yim dua nrog lub sij hawm ntawm kev khawb.
Nyeem ntxiv txog lub sij hawm thiab cia qhov sov ntawm qos yaj ywm, txog teeb meem. Thiab kuj hais txog yuav ua li cas cia lub keeb kwm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, nyob rau lawj, nyob rau hauv drawers, nyob rau hauv lub tub yees, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv peeled.
Hauv paus "Azhura" muaj ib tug elongated, oval duab, medium loj, txog 9 cm nyob rau hauv ntev. Tuber luj - los ntawm 90 g mus rau 120 g. Cov tev tau muaj xim liab sib sib zog nqus thiab ib qho kev ntxhib, kev ntxhib los mos. Lub qhov muag yog me me, yog nyob rau saum npoo ntawm tubers, uas tswj kev ua (tu, ntxuav, sib tsoo).
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog cov yeeb yam ntawm cov cwj pwm xws li cov khoom noj khoom haus ntawm tuber thiab qhov feem pua qhia ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov qos yaj ywm ntawm ntau yam sib txawv, rau kev sib piv:
| Qib npe | Loj ntawm khoom muag tubers (grams) | Recumbency |
| Openwork | 95-115 | 95% |
| Serpanok | 85-145 | 94% |
| Poj niam claire | 85-110 | 95% |
| Veneta | 67-95 | 87% |
| Saib | 90-120 | 96% |
| Lub hostess | 100-180 | 95% |
| Labella | 80-100 | 98% |
| Riviera | 100-180 | 94% |
Qos yaj ywm nqaij muaj ib lub teeb xim daj vim lub siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm carotene. Qhov pigment daj no hauv lub cev ua raws li kev tiv thaiv antioxidant.
Tus nqi ntawm starch nyob rau hauv tubers - 16%. Qhov no starch cov ntsiab lus tsis pub lub tubers rau boil tshaj. Tus nqi ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab nyob ntawm cov huab cua puag - hauv cov huab cua sov npau taws tuaj ntau dua li ntawm rainy (ntau +/- 2%). Tsis tas li ntawd, hmoov txhuv nplej siab los ntawm tej co khaub ncaws.
Azhur "muaj ib tug sprawling siab Bush, txog li 50 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Cov nplooj tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha, muaj ib hom kab rau cov qos yaj ywm, cov loj loj, tsaus ntsuab xim. Nplooj ntoos - tsis pubescence, wrinkled. Lub waviness ntawm ntug yog qaug zog. Lub paj yog loj, lub corolla muaj xim daj ntseg xim daj. Cov qoob loo cog qoob loo loj hlob ntau (txog 20 npaug).
Cov huab cua ib puag ncig
Loj hlob "Openwork" nyob hauv Central thaj tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Vim lub nruab nrab-ripeness, nws yuav zus thoob plaws hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation thiab ze lub teb chaws nyob. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom loj hlob "Azhura" ob zaug rau ib lub caij.. "Openwork" zam cov dej drought.
Yam ntxwv
Nws yog suav hais tias yog muaj ntau yam siab. Nyob rau hauv cov dejnum zoo thiab kev saib xyuas nws yog tsim nyog los sau txog li 50 tons ntawm ib 1 his. Nyob rau hauv thawj kev khawb ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm qos yaj ywm rau txog 40 hnub, koj muaj peev xwm sau txog 130 centners ntawm ib hectare. Zoo tsis muaj me me tubers, qos yaj ywm yog mus raws li nyob rau hauv loj.
Productivity yog ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob qos yaj ywm. Sib piv cov yam ntxwv no ntau yam Azhur nrog lwm yam:
| Qib npe | Tawm |
| Openwork | 450-500 c / his |
| Grenada | 600 kg / his |
| Innovator | 320-330 c / his |
| Suab paj nruag | 180-640 c / his |
| Lub hostess | 180-380 c / his |
| Artemis | 230-350 c / his |
| Ariel | 220-490 c / his |
| Vector | 670 c / his |
| Mozart | 200-330 c / his |
| Borovichok | 200-250 kg / his |
"Openwork" yog ib qib ntawv. Vim lub nruab nrab starch cov ntsiab lus, lub tubers tsis boil soft, zoo tagnrho rau ua noj kua zaub, zaub nyoos, tag nrho ua noj, frying. "Openwork" tsis tsaus ntuj tom qab ua noj ua haus.
Mloog zoo! Cov tev ntawm qos yaj ywm muaj ntau kev kab kab dua lub tuber nws tus kheej. Kev ua noj los yog ci hauv cov tev yuav yog txoj kev ua noj kom zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov qos yaj ywm muaj ntau cov as-ham, feem ntau ntawm cov vitamin C. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nqaij nyoos yuav pab txo kom txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab. "Openwork" muaj ib tug nplua nuj saj thiab ib tug qhia tau hais tias aroma. Xyuas txog kev saj ntawm qos yaj ywm tsuas zoo.
Nyeem rau ntawm peb qhov chaw tag nrho txog cov khoom ntawm qos yaj ywm.Vim li cas thiaj yog solanine txaus ntshai, cov txiaj ntsim zoo li cas thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qos yaj ywm, dua li cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov zaub no zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Diam duab
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Tus thawj xibfwb tsis pom zoo yuav tsis kuaj xyuas. Raws li lub tuam txhab, nws muaj ib tug nruab nrab tsis kam rau txhua yam kev puas tsuaj thiab lig blight ntawm tubers.
Virtues ntawm ntau yam:
- ntau sau qoob loo loj tuaj;
- tus zoo nkauj tubers nrog lub qhov muag superficial;
- siab saj zoo;
- nws tsis yog qhov tseeb rau hom av;
- drought resistant;
- siab tsis kam rau qee cov kab mob;
- zoo thiab ntev cia.
Qhov ntau yam yog bred los ntawm peb cov compatriots nyob rau hauv daim duab ntawm ib tug European nrov ntau yam tsis ntev los no. Nws tseem tsis tau muab tso rau hauv lub Xeev Sau npe ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.
Ntaus zuj zus
"Openwork" zoo li feem ntau ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tau los ntawm tshav ntuj, qhov no yuav tsum tau ua 2 lub lis piam ua ntej cog. Ob peb lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm lub caij nrog ib tug sov so lub caij ntuj no nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txiav tawm lub tua. Cog yog nqa tawm los ntawm lub kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj mus rau Lub Tsib Hlis, thaum cov av muaj ib qhov kub ntawm qhov tob ntawm 10 cm, txog 13 degrees.
Cov av los ntawm Autumn yuav tsum tau disinfected, fertilized thiab dug li nrog tshem tawm ntawm weeds. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav koj yuav tsum tau khawb nkaus xwb - tawm nws.
TSEEM CEEB! Cov duab ntawm qos plantations yuav tsum tsis txhob ciam teb rau ntawm cog ntawm txiv lws suav, yuav tsum tau tseem cog qos yaj ywm wali los ntawm cov kua ntoo.
Mulching
Nyeem ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas pub qos yaj ywm, thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas thov fertilizer, yuav ua li cas nws ua thaum cog.
Tom qab cog, qos yaj ywm muaj peev xwm kho nrog txhais tau tias tshem tawm thiab qeeb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj. Thaum thawj tua pib, nws yuav tsis yooj yim sua kom ua li no. Yuav kom tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshiab siv mulching ntawm kab. "Openwork" yuav zam drought zoo, txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv qhuav lub caij ntuj sov ib txhia dej yuav tsis raug mob.
Qos yaj ywm yuav tsum spud, loosen, tshem tawm tshaj nyom. Txau yuav tsum tau siv ntau zaus hauv ib lub caij nyoog. microbiological chiv (1 - ntawm rov tshwm sim ntawm tua, 2 - thaum lub sij hawm flowering). Paj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom tag nrho cov kev loj hlob mus rau hauv keeb kwm.
Peb tau npaj rau koj tag nrho series ntawm cov khoom ntawm yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob qos yaj ywm.Nyeem tag nrho cov qoob lag luam niaj hnub thiab Dutch yees, yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob thaum ntxov thiab tau txais ib tug qoob loo tsis muaj me ntsis thiab hilling.
Zoo li kev nthuav dav: nyob rau hauv lub straw, nyob rau hauv barrels, nyob rau hauv hnab, nyob rau hauv thawv thiab los ntawm noob.
Cia
Qhov no ntau yam yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv ib chav tsaus (qab daus) nrog rau qhov kub tsis tshaj 3 degrees ntawm tshav kub. Qhov kub yuav tsum muaj qhov. Qos yaj ywm muaj khaws cia zoo, high tawm los.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Verticillosis
Raws li kab tsuag, kab npua xim Colorado, lub wireworm, qos yaj ywm npauj, thiab kabmob feem ntau qhov kev hem thawj ntawm cov qos cog.
Nyeem tag nrho cov kev niaj hnub ntawm kev soj ntsuam nrog lawv:
- Yuav ua li cas tau tshem ntawm wireworm nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb.
- Chemistry thiab pej xeem txoj kev tawm tsam Colorado qos beetle thiab nws cov larvae:
- Aktara.
- Corado.
- Prestige.
- Regent
- Yuav ua li cas siv tawm tsam Medvedka: industrial npaj thiab pej xeem recipes.
- Peb muab lub qos yaj ywm mole: ib feem 1 thiab ib feem 2.
From pests thiab rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob pom zoo kom txau nyob rau hauv qhuav huab cua microbiological npaj.
Hauv qab lub rooj koj yuav pom cov khoom rau cov khoom ntawm qos ntau yam ripening ntawm txawv sij hawm:
| Nruab nrab lig | Nruab nrab thaum ntxov | Lig-ripening |
| Aurora | Dub tub huabtais | Nikulinsky |
| Skarb | Nevsky | Asterix |
| Ua Siab Loj | Darling | Cardinal |
| Ryabinushka | Tswv ntawm lub expanses | Kiwi |
| Blueness | Ramos | Slavyanka |
| Zhuravinka | Taisiya | Rocco |
| Lasock | Lapot | Ivan da Marya | Magician | Caprice | Picasso |
