Qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov siv thiab ua cov lem hauv cov tsev qiv ntawv yog cov pob zeb, raws li nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab ruaj khov. Ntawm nws koj tuaj yeem ua ntau hom kev paths, thiab nws tsis tas yuav siv nyiaj txiag ntau. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho yooj yim ua kom vaj tse taug kev ntawm koj tus kheej, tsis muaj kev kawm los yog kev kawm tsim nyog.
Qhia seb yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tus khiav ntawm pob zeb
Los ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm txoj kab tsheb yuav tsum raug tuav pov hwm thiab ua txhua yam raws li txoj cai. 
Cov npe ntawm cov cuab yeej siv thiab cov ntaub ntawv
Yuav kom tsim tau ib txoj kab ke, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom nram qab no:
- cov laug cam lossis cov iav (rau cov ntaub);
- reinforcement (A3, thickness 12 mm - qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv);
- trowel;
- taw shovel;
- ib lub thoob;
- geotextiles;
- muaj peev xwm daws tau;
- pegs thiab qaum (rau npav);
- pob zeb ua;
- rubble;
- xuab zeb (nyiam dua dej).
Koj puas paub? Ntawm tag nrho cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, ua ib qho kev pib ua ntej - txog 6 billion cubic meters ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj pes tsawg xyoo. Yog li ntawd, rau txhua tus neeg nyob hauv Lub Ntiaj Teb, muaj li ntawm 1 cubic meter.
Taug qab cim npe
Yuav pib siv nws yog qhov tsim nyog nrog ib qho cim. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb daim ntawv yuav muaj li cas. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tsav lub pegs ncig lub perimeter, thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lawv rub lub qaum. Qhov ntau ntxiv rau khiav tau, ntau pegs yuav tsum tau.
Nws yuav nthuav rau koj seb yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau ib tug veranda nyob rau hauv lub tsev lub teb chaws, vaj viav vias, ib tug ciav, ib lub pob zeb grill, trellis, ib lub txaj ntawm pob zeb, pob zeb arias, ib tug qhuav dej, ib gazebo.
Pab npaj
Tom ntej no koj yuav tau npaj lub hauv paus - lub hauv ncoo ua haujlwm ua kua. Rau qhov kawg, tshem tawm cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm av mus rau qhov tob txog 20 cm, ces cov theem hauv qab thiab npog nws thiab ob sab ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam nrog geotextiles.
Vim qhov no, cov pob zeb yuav tsis vau vim muaj dej ntau dhau los tom qab hnyav nag thiab daus. Tom qab ntawd ncuav ob peb txheej ntawm cov xuab zeb, txhua tus uas yog moistened nrog dej thiab kom huv si rammed. 
Lub ncoo yuav tsum muaj qhov siab li ntawm 10 cm Txhawm rau txhim kho cov dej ua kua ntawm lub hauv paus, nws pom zoo kom nteg ib txheej ntawm gravel ntawm cov txheej ntawm cov xuab zeb.
Formwork, curbs thiab thermal pob yas qej
Formwork yog lub hauv paus rau yav tom ntej txoj kev, raws li nws cov tsos yuav txiav txim xyuas cov tsos ntawm tus qauv. Nws yog ib qho qauv ntoo ua ib ntus uas pab kom tsim nyog. 
Rau formwork yuav xav tau boards nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 1.5-2 cm thiab ib qhov siab ntawm 3-4 cm saum toj no qhov siab ntawm lub trench. Lawv txuas nrog lub pegs.
Yog li hais tias lub txheej tsis keej, nws yuav tsum tau sib cais los ntawm cov pob qij txha nthuav dav: transverse dividers, piv txwv li, cov laug cam, hlau los yog ib sab, yuav tsum muab tso rau txhua txhua 1.5 m. Tshaj li ntau tshooj yuav yog, qhov kev ua tau zoo dua yuav khiav.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua kom cov separators yooj yim tshem tawm thaum tiav lawm, lawv yuav tsum tau muaj lubricated nrog cov roj cav lossis cov roj silicone ua ntej installation.
Qhov Coj Ua
Txhawm rau ua cov vaj tse ruaj khov, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum muab cov khoom hlau tso rau hauv lub pob zeb. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub netting net, xaim, yeeb nkab. Qhov cuab zog yuav tsum yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke, tsau nrog clamps.
Koj tuaj yeem nruab txhuab cib los yog ua ceg ntawm cov hlau, uas daim phiaj no nteg tau. Tsis muaj qhov teeb meem, lub thickness ntawm lub pob zeb yuav tsum yog 15 cm, nrog nws siv ib txheej ntawm mortar tej zaum yuav tsawg dua. 
Sau kev
Los npaj qhov kev daws, koj yuav tsum sib tov sib tsoo thiab xuab zeb nyob rau hauv ib qho ratio ntawm 1: 3, feem. Tus nqi ntawm cov dej yuav tsum yog xws li ib tug tuab yas sib xws yog tau - txog 2-2.5 liv ib 1 kg ntawm xis mas.
Yog hais tias kev daws yog tuab, ces yuav muaj teeb meem nrog nws faib. Thiab yog hais tias qhov sib tov yog kua, nws yuav tawg thaum qhuav. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus siv lub pob zeb ua kev sib tov.
Nws tseem yuav pab tau koj kom koj paub ua kom koj tus kheej laj kab, qhov laj kab ntawm cov vuas, qhov laj kab los ntawm cov saw hlau txuas rau lub vaj.
Nws sib tov xyaw cov khoom xyaw zoo, uas tsim kho pob zeb zoo tshaj. Yog tias ib qho khoom siv tsis muaj, koj tuaj yeem siv lub punch haib nrog lub tshuab "tov". Nws yog qhov pom zoo kom ntxiv fiber ntau-fais fab thiab dej-sib zog ntxiv rau cov khoom sib tov.
Tsis txhob tsis kam ntxiv tshuaj lom kabmob - qhov kev tsim no yuav ntau dua. Qhov npaj tov yog poured rau hauv lub formwork.
Sau cov taug qab nrog pob zeb: video
Ua kom nws zoo li muab faib ua kom tau, siv cov vibrators tsim rau qhov no. Thaum tsis muaj ib lub cuab tam, lawv noj ib qho dog dig duav, uas yuav tsum tau co thiab tho pob zeb.
Qhov no yog ua kom tshem tawm cov huab cua ntshiab. Ib lub teeb tawg ntawm daim duab ua ke yog lwm txoj kev los muab lub foob. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau theem saum txheej los ntawm ib lub tiaj tiaj tiaj (flat dodochka) lossis los ntawm ib lub tsev ua haujlwm.
Tej zaum koj tseem yuav xav paub txog qhov yuav ua li cas los npog lub ru tsev nrog tes taw hnyuvtsis, yuav ua li cas rau lub hnab tawv ntoo ntawm phab ntsa, yuav ua li cas thiaj li thim lub qhov rais rau lub caij ntuj no, yuav tshem tawm cov laus xim ntawm phab ntsa.
Tus ntaus ntawv tau txais kev txhawb rau ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov formwork thiab ua rau ntev ntawm txoj kev. Plig deg them nrog polyethylene. Xws li ib txoj kev ntxias yuav tiv thaiv cov pob zeb ntawm yaig thaum muaj nag lossis daus, thiab tseem yuav tsis cia nws qhuav sai sai.
Thaum lub pob zeb ua kom kho tag nrho, cov qe tau muab tshem tawm, cov pob qij txha raug muab pov tseg nrog tib qho kev ua vaj tse, thiab cov nplaim yog theem. Lub sijhawm hauv lub limtiam txoj kev yuav tsum tau ywg dej. 
Cov dej noo noo ntev dua nyob rau hauv cov cement, yuav ua kom muaj zog tuaj. Tom qab 5 hnub, ntxuav cov formwork. Ua kom cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj, nws pom zoo kom siv tshwjxeeb (impregnations) lossis txhuam kom npog nrog cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws.
Koj puas paub? Qhob yog paub txog 6 txhiab xyoo. Nws tau siv nyob rau hauv ancient Rome rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm monuments. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm tus faj tim teb chaws Loos, nws tsis muaj pes tsawg xyoo. Niaj hnub qhob raws li cement tau dhau los ua ntej txij 1884.
Kev xaiv rau dai kom zoo nkauj
Qhob ciav hlau tau sab laug tawm. Tab sis yuav kom muab kev zoo nkauj thiab raug rau tag nrho cheeb tsam, txoj hauv kev yuav ua tau zoo nkauj thiab txawv tshaj plaw nrog kev pab los ntawm kev dai.
Coloring
Muaj ob txoj kev uas muaj cov xim txho xim. Thawj yog ntxiv xim rau lub pob zeb sib tov. Hom no yog kim kim, tab sis ua li no nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua kom tau zoo dua. 
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog siv cov xim tshwj xeeb uas yog nyob hauv cov dej kom muab pob zeb ua ke. Yuav kom ua tiav qhov kev ntshaw, tsuas yog cov xis fais fab dawb xwb thiaj yuav tsum tau muab coj los ua.
Thaum sib tov sib tsoo cement nrog ib tug zas, ib tug heev dull thiab distorted ntxoov ntxoo yuav tig tawm. Qhov thib ob txoj kev muab lub xim xim ntawm txoj kev - tha xim rau saum npoo.
Ua li no, siv cov lus sib txuas lus tshwj xeeb uas nkag mus rau hauv kev ua vaj tse los ntawm ob peb millimeters. Yuav kom tau ib tug nplua nuj ntxoov ntxoo, koj yuav tsum pleev xim saum npoo ob peb zaug.
Kev siv cov ntawv thiab stencils
Ntau zaus kho cov khoom siv pob zeb siv stencils thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj los tsim lub illusion ntawm cobblestone los yog pob zeb paving. Stencils yog tsim cov khoom nruab nrab uas ua rau ntawm cov kaum pob zeb los yog kev sib npaug. 
Los tsim ib qho kev khiav li no, koj yuav tsum ua kom tau ib qho cim thiab qib cov av. Vim li cas tsis uaraws li lub stencil muaj cais me me qhov chaw thiab tsis xav tias lub nra. Decking tseem tsis tas yuav tsum tau. - Cov stencils lawv tus kheej yog cov limiter ntawm lub pob zeb ua.
Txoj kev daws teeb meem yog tib txoj kev npaj. Tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv rau hauv av thiab ncuav lub composition, ram thiab tus. Tom qab li ntawm 60 feeb, thaum lub pob zeb hardens me ntsis, nws yuav tau muab tshem tawm. Stencils yog muag hauv khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb.
Los yog lawv tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm nws tus kheej cov ntoo ntoo, cov kas fes, ua rau nws xav tau.
Tej zaum nws yuav pab tau koj kom paub yuav ua li cas thiaj ua rau lub tsev cog qoob loo uas qhib lub qhov rooj, lub tsev cog qoob loo, lub tsev cog qoob ntoo, lub tsev cog khoom ntawm lub raj yas, lub tsev cog qoob loo ntawm cov kav dej polypropylene, lub tsev cog qoob loo raws li Mitlayder.
Stamping
Stamping yog ib txoj hauv kev los kho cov vaj tse yooj yim. Nrog kev pabcuam ntawm cov thwj cim koj tuaj yeem tsim txhua ntu uas yuav qog cov txhuam hniav, paving pob zeb, laug cam, cib thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev. 
Nyiaj muas tuaj rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tsiaj txhu, dinosaur footprints, thiab nplooj ntoos. Qhov yoojyim tshaj uas yuav tau nyiaj muas noj hauv khw muag khoom. Thaum xaiv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb txaus siab rau qhov kev sib tw ntawm qhov tsis txaus siab: nws loj dua, nws yooj yim dua yuav tsum luam ib daim duab ntawm cov khoom siv hlau. Muas nyiaj muas tuaj yeem ua nws tus kheej.
Txhawm rau ua kom tiav ib qho chaw, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau sau rau hauv txoj kev ua vaj tse li niaj zaus. Thaum cov dej sib tov pib teev, thiab nws ua kua ntsws xws li av nplaum, koj tuaj yeem pib koom ua tswv yim. Thawj qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua yog thov lub tshuab hnyav rau 2 zaug, nrog lub caij nyoog 10 feeb.
Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj xim. Hardener paints qhov saum npoo, muab hardness thiab txhawb rau qhov chaw ceev ntawm cov pob zeb. Tom qab ntawd ib qho kev sib txuas yog siv, uas tshem tawm cov adhesion ntawm pob zeb kom tuag thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawv.
Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua kua lossis xoob. Feem ntau siv qhov kev xaiv thib ob. Ua ntawv thov nws los ntawm kev tuav ib txoj hlab pas. Cov theem tom ntej yog stamping. Txij ntawm no mus, cov pob zeb yuav tsum yog yas. 
Yog hais tias nws tsis stick rau ob txhais tes, tab sis yog nias rau ib lub tob ntawm 5 cm, ces koj muaj peev xwm nteg tawm daim ntawv. Lawv rammed nrog lawv ko taw. Cov thwj cim yuav tsum tiv thaiv tib neeg qhov hnyav thiab tsis poob mus rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Lwm txoj kev
Khiav tsim tsim muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab sib haum xeeb nrog tus qauv ntawm lub vaj:
- Teeb duabzoo ib yam li cov pob zeb ntawm pob zeb. 24 xuab moos tom qab ua tiav ntawm txoj kev khiav, tawg kaw duab tau siv ib lub tshuab ntsia hlau, zoo ib yam li cov kev sib tshuam ntawm qhov sib npaug. Qhov dav thiab qhov tob ntawm qhov qhib yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li 5 mm. Cov av yuav zwm rau hauv lawv, tsim kom muaj kev paub tsis meej ntawm masonry.
- Mosaic. Cov ntawv qub vuas luaj los yog cov tais, rhinestones, tawg iav, daim iav, thiab cov hlaws dai saum lub pob zeb. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum yog kwv yees li qub loj. Lawv yuav tsum tau pw rau saum npoo nyob rau hauv cov duab yam thiab maj mam muab ntaus rau hauv cov pob zeb.
- Prints. On to top ntawm kev daws uas tau tsis tau seized, luam tawm yog ua. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov nplooj ntoo, cov khauj loj loj. Koj kuj tuaj yeem tawm hauv lub ncauj ntawm taw lossis ob txhais taw, tom qab muaj kev nyiag lawv nrog Vaseline.
Kev saib xyuas ntawm kev khiav
Tias txoj kev los ntawm kev ua vaj tse tau ntev thiab muaj qhov tsom iav, nws yuav tsum ceev faj kom huv si. Lub taw qhia yuav tsum tau cheb, nqus thiab ntxuav los ntawm qhov dej hose. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tshem ntawm cov nroj tsuag zuj zus ntawm cov paib, raws li lawv crumble lub hauv paus ntawm lub qauv.
Kab tsuag nyom tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm tes los yog tshuaj tua kab herbicide. Tej kab nrib pleev yuav tsim tau rau ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke. Me me thiab raug rho tawm tsis tuaj yeem kov tsis tau. Tab sis loj hlob tawg yuav tsum tau so nrog daws kom tsis txhob ua kom tawg thiab rhuav tshem.
Qhov zoo ntawm kev sib tw ua ke
Xav txog qhov zoo ntawm kev sib tw ua ke:
- ruaj khov;
- siv ntev;
- yooj yim ua kom cov qauv siv yooj yim;
- luv nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv;
- noo noo thiab Frost tsis kam;
- tsis kam rau txhua tus neeg txoj kev ntxhov siab;
- lub peev xwm los ua ib txoj hauv kev zoo li txhua yam;
- ua ke nrog cov ntaub ntawv yuav luag txhua yam;
- lub peev xwm los ua lawv tus kheej décor.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev sib tw ua ke
Qhob cov qauv tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo:
- cov kab tawg ntawm tej zaum yuav tshwm sim vim cov zog hauv av;
- lem ua ntawm pob zeb yog cov peev txheej uas tsis muaj peev xwm txav thiab nyuaj rau dismantle;
- pob zeb yuav tsum tau hliv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov huab cua zoo, thiab nag lossis daus yuav tsum tsis yog txawm tias ob peb hnub tom qab hnub tom qab ntawm kev sib tw;
- kneading kev daws nrog ib tug shovel yog nyuaj, yog li koj xav tau ib qhob tov;
- formwork yog ib txoj kev siv sij hawm ntau heev.
Qhob lem rau lub caij ntuj sov - nws tsis zoo xwb, tab sis kuj yooj yim heev. Yog li, yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua kom zoo li no tus qauv hauv koj lub vaj teb, mus rau kev lag luam. Sai thiab nrog tsawg nyiaj txiag koj yuav muab koj qhov chaw ib daim duab zoo nkauj thiab muaj kuab zoo nkauj.
