Currant bud mite yog nyob deb ntawm feem ntau txaus ntshai Kab Tsuag ntawm currant plantations. Ntsig txog ntawm cov nyaum nyoos, nws yuav zoo tawm ntawm lub vaj lub tsev tsis muaj ntau cov qoob loo, thiab thaum lub sij hawm nws yuav qaug zog ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntau li hais tias nyob rau hauv lub kawg lawv yuav inevitably degenerate. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav pom txog kev tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kab mob me me.
Tus kab laus zoo li cas
Cov pejxeem ntawm zuam zuam, nce, maj mam nyob ntawm lub pob, thiab qhov no nres qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov tua thiab nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov cuam tshuam currant bud ua ib qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob uas ua rau tus kab mob ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag. 
Roj zuam los yog Cecidophyopsis ribis zoo nkaus li ib tug me me cab, nws lub cev yog me ntsis ntau dua 0.15 hli ntev thiab 0.04 hli dav. Cov mites txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub buds ntawm Berry nroj tsuag, qhov chaw uas lawv dhau los ntawm tag nrho cov theem ntawm kev loj hlob.
Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj, zuam cov pojniam nteg me me qe qe, uas yog pib pob tshab, raws li lawv loj hlob thiab ua cov qaub ncaug-dawb. Parasites tuaj tawm ntawm "raum lub tsev" thaum lub currant cuam tawm paj thiab nplooj.
Kawm yuav tiv thaiv currants los ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm scutes, powdery mildew, xeb, aphids, thiab ua li cas yog tias currants muaj liab me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj, nplooj nplooj daj.Tom qab tawm hauv vaj tse, cov mites nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij thiab ntawm nplooj ntawv phaj, uas feem ntau lawv tuag sai sai. Cov neeg uas dim (li 1%) yog txiav txim siab rau qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov nyob hauv cov tshiab lub rau hli ntuj, uas lawv rov nteg qe.
Ua nyob rau hauv ib tug currant Bud, mites muaj peev xwm tsim tshaj tsib tiam. Nws tsim nyog ntxiv tias tus poj niam lub qe kab mob ntawm lub sij hawm tuaj yeem nteg txog pua pua qe. 
Koj puas paub? Lub npe Latin rau currants suab nrov zoo ib yam li "ribes". Lub npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tau muab los ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas kev sib tw ntawm tshav ntuj Spain (711 BC), uas pom qhov saj ntawm dub currant zoo heev rau saj ntawm rhubarb, hu ua Farsi "ribas". Lub npe tua, thiab txij li thaum ces botanical lub npe ntawm currant suab hais tias txoj kev.
Dab tsi raug mob yog nws
Cecidophyopsis ribis txhawb rau qhov tseem ceeb qoob loo ntawm dub currant berries. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, txog 20 feem pua yog poob lawm. Tag nrho cov no ua rau cultivation ntawm currants tsawg profitable, vim hais tias bushes muab tsawg dua zoo thiab marketable tawm los.
Populating ib los yog ob peb buds, zuam npib sai, thiab tsub kom nws qhov chaw nyob los ntawm kev cog cov tom ntej tom qab ntawm tib lub hav txwv yeem los yog tsiv mus rau cov nroj tsuag uas nyob sib ze.
Tab sis qhov tsis kaj siab tshaj plaws yog tias cov nroj tsuag mob nrog raum mite yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim kho, thiab lawv yuav raug uprooting thiab tshem tawm los ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub vaj teb rau sanitary lub hom phiaj. 
Es tsis txhob ntawm nyiaj ntsuab nyiaj los yog sau ntawm berries, tus gardener yuav nyob twj ywm txawm tias tsis muaj ib tug Berry plantation.
Cov tshwm sim ntawm yeej
Mites nqaj kua txig ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm theem cellular, thiab tib lub sijhawm txhaj cov tshuaj enzymatic hauv lub hlwb uas cuam tshuam nrog txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev sib txawv ntawm paj buds.
Cov dub currant buds cuam tshuam los ntawm zuam yog distinctly zoo li tus, thiab lawv tshwm rau ntau ntau thiab bulging piv rau noj qab haus huv buds. Feem ntau, feem ntau ntawm lawv yog tom qab rhuav tshem ntawm cov nroj tsuag, yeej tsis muaj yaj.
Lub bushes ntaus los ntawm Kab Tsuag muaj ib qho me me kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua. Yoo on mob nroj tsuag muaj me thiab thinner tshaj noj qab haus huv nplooj. Feem ntau lawv muaj petioles ntev dua li cov ntawv sau ua lus noj qab nyob zoo. 
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau xws li bushes, yog hais tias siav, muaj ib tug qaub saj, me me los yog underdeveloped berries thiab ripen unevenly.
Koj puas paub? Dub currant ua hauj lwm raws li lub hauv paus rau kev npaj ntawm Berry mash los ntawm lub ancient Rusich. Nyob rau hauv lub fragrant berries muaj txaus natural sugars rau tag nrho fermentation txheej txheem thiab npaj ntawm high-zoo plhaw dej haus. Kuj nrog kev pab ntawm currant kua txiv hluas nyob rau hauv Russia tshem lub ntsej muag los ntawm freckles.
Yuav ua li cas nrog raum mite on currants
Cecidophyopsis ribis yog thoob plaws hauv peb cov latitudes txhua qhov chaw. Ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj rau qhov no yog qhov kev tsis zoo ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj (endosulfan, amitraz thiab carbosulfan), yav tas los siv rau hauv kev ua vaj tse thiab tsev neeg.
Nws yog kev hlub, tab sis nyob rau lub sij hawm tam sim no tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob tso cai los ntawm qhov chaw kuaj mob mus tua tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm lub raum ciaj ntawm currants. Nws raug nquahu kom khawb thiab ua kom cov nroj tsuag raug kab los ntawm cov kab no hauv hluav taws. 
Tshiab plantations ntawm Berry bushes yuav tsum tau cog tsuas yog los ntawm seedlings uas tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm Kab Tsuag, thiab raug coj los ntawm tsim nyog nurseries nrog ib tug zoo lub koob npe nrov, nyob deb ntawm lub chaw ntawm kis ntawm tus kab mob.
Agrotechnical receptions
Kev ua liaj ua teb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev cog qoob loo ntawm noj qab haus huv Berry bushes. Txhim kho cov nqi qis tshaj hauv kev cog qoob rau ntawm currants tsuas yog ua rau muaj kev nce hauv cov kab phem.
Kev siv cov nroj tsuag tuab heev heev hauv lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhov tsis suav ntawm kev cog qoob ntawm cov kab ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tsis ua raws li cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav ua rau muaj feem ntau ntawm cov kab tsuag. 
Qhov tseeb agrotechnical muaj xws li:
- xaiv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- av hom nyiaj;
- yuav tsum cog qoob loo hauv lub sijhawm;
- av av qoob loo nyob rau hauv bushes thiab nyob nruab nrab ntawm kab;
- kev npaj thiab disinfection ntawm seedlings ua ntej cog;
- kev tswj kav li niaj zaus;
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog kev tswj kav tshuaj.
- tas li kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov kab nroj tsuag kab;
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm ob lub raum thiab pruning los yog tag nrho tshem ntawm diseased bushes;
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag khib nyiab los ntawm hluav taws.
Koj muaj peev xwm tawm tsam no Kab Tsuag, zoo li nrog rau lwm cov vaj teb pests ntawm Berry bushes. Tom qab lub currant tee nplooj nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, koj yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas txhua Bush rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo buds los yog ceg nrog Bud mites. 
Yog tias tsuas muaj ob peb kab mob kis (loj hlob, o tuaj) rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag, lawv raug tshem tawm nrog ib qho khoom xyaw. Yog hais tias ib feem loj ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog cuam tshuam, ces nws yog useless kom txuag nws.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom txiav txhua ceg nrog pruning shears (cai mus txog rau hauv av), hauv paus hauv paus system ntawm tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav muab tawm tshiab cov tub ntxhais hluas ceg nyob rau hauv uas yuav tsis muaj zuam, vim nws winters tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub sim saum nruab ntug ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Qhov no kev tsis tsuas yog heals lub Bush, tab sis kuj rejuvenates nws. Xws li ib daim ntawv thov ua liaj ua teb siv rau ntau yam currant ntau yam, los yog yog hais tias nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tau txais qhov noj qab nyob zoo ntau yam rau cog ib tug tshiab currant.
Tshuaj
Currants yuav tsum tau ua tiav ua ntej flowering, sai li sai tau lub shrub pib txawb tawm txhuam ntawm peduncles. 
Nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no uas dhau ntawm kev sib tw thiab ho ua rau lawv cov pejxeem ntawm cov kab tsuag pib tsiv los ntawm "chaw so" rau cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab tsis tau muaj tus kab mob uas muaj tus kab mob. Thaum lub sijhawm no, lawv tuaj yeem raug rhuav tshem nrog kev pabcuam ntawm cov tshuaj uas tsis yog siv chemicals.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub raum mite tsis yog kab! Poisons rau kab los txov nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm.
Txhaj tua ticks, siv cov tshuaj acaricidal los yog cov tshuaj insectoacaricidal. Berry nyob rau hauv ntiav teb yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov khoom uas muaj colloidal sulfur, lawv muaj ib tug me me ntawm co toxins.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias currant bushes kis nrog raum mite tsis muaj peev xwm kho nrog ib tug daws ntawm colloidal sulfur - nws ua rau kub hnyiab rau ntawm bark sensitive.
Acaricidal preparations uas ua rau qib hormonal thiab tsis zoo li cov tshuaj lom organophosphate siv nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav kev kho mob. 
Siv cov acaricides:
- "Nissoran";
- "Oberon";
- "Judo";
- "Forbid 4F";
- "Envidor";
- "Movento";
- "Kontos";
- Actellic;
- "Apollo";
- "Neoron";
- Kinmiks.
Txij li cov tshuaj no tsis muaj zog, thiab zuam nyob rau hauv ib lub hlis, ces koj yuav tsum siv ob lossis peb txoj kev ua. Lub sijhawm ntawm cov txheej txheem yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg kaum hnub. 
Organophosphate systemic acaricides muaj ib tug ntau zoo siv, tab sis lawv muaj peev xwm yuav siv rau ntawm Berry cov qoob loo tsuas yog thaum kawg ntawm tus sau:
- "Bi-58";
- "Phosphamide";
- "Famidofos";
- Rogor-S;
- "Dimethrin";
- "Hloov";
- Pilarmax;
- "Danadim".
Cov khoom lom:
- "Fitoverm";
- "Actofit".
Koj puas paub? Lwm lub npe rau currant berries nyob rau hauv Russia yog cov zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Currants raug loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb monastery, thiab tau siv rau cov khoom noj, lub chaw ua khoom ntawm cov tshuaj thiab Berry tinctures. Lub monastic keeb kwm ntawm Pskov cheeb tsam thiab lub Novgorod cheeb tsam muaj cov chiv keeb mus rau currants monks loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 11th. Currants tuaj mus rau lwm lub vaj thiab tsev neeg ua teb hauv lub xyoo pua 16th xwb.
Thawj, kev kho mob thib ob thiab thib peb: Lub sij hawm rau kev ua raws li txoj kev ua no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov pom ntawm thawj daim ntawv sau tag nrho thiab lub ejection ntawm peduncles on currants. Cov cua kub thaum lub caij noj qab haus huv yuav tsum tsis pub qis dua +5 ° C, thaum muaj qhov kub thiab txias, los nag los yog kev kho yuav tsis muaj qhov xav tau.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog kho los ntawm kev tua tshuaj tua kab tsuag tiv thaiv kab tsuag ("Actofit", "Bitoksibatsillin", "Fitoverm").
Cov tshuaj tua kab kuj muaj xws li "Merpan", "Hom", "Thanos", "Corado", "Bravo", "Biathlon".Kev ua ntawm ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tau xaiv yog nqa tawm txhua lub limtiam, koj yuav tsum nqa tawm peb txoj haujlwm li no. Lub ncua ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis tu ncua yuav tsum yog xya hnub.
Kev kho mob nrog leej faj muaj cov tshuaj mas siv: los ntawm lub sij hawm thaum lub buds pib Bloom, thiab kom txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub hlis ib tug loj tso tawm ntawm pests thiab lawv ntxiv tsiv teb tsaws los ntawm lub vaj teb yuav pib. 
Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, nws yog heev yooj yim mus cuam tshuam pests nrog kev pab los ntawm kev kho mob nrog npaj muaj sulfur ("Karbofos", txiv qaub-sulfur decoction). Sai li sai tau lub budant buds pib nthuav, nws yog ib qhov ua tau nqa tawm thawj kev kho mob nrog 2% txiv qaub-sulfur decoction.
Xyuas kom paub cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev saib xyuas rau currants thaum caij nplooj ntoos zeeg thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Kwv yees li ntawm kaum xyoo los yog sai li sai tau lub paj ntawm lub shrub xaus, rov ua nrog nrog 1% broth yog nqa tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nroj tsuag yuav kho nrog ib tug daws ntawm colloidal sulfur thiab dej.
Thaum spraying shrubs, sim kom zoo zoo kho txhua currant ceg thiab Bud.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab epics, lub npe ntawm tus dej Smorodinovka los yog Currant yog hais. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm tus dej Smorodino tias tus epic hero struggled nrog peb-headed nab Gorlenf Gorynych thiab tua nws. Nws yog tseeb hais tias lub npe ntawm tus dej qub raug muab nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm deliciously loj hlob berries heev nce nrog nws cov tsev nyiaj.
Pej xeem ntsuas
Gardeners tau ntev kawm kom nrhiav kev ncaj ncees rau kab npua ntawm currant bushes nrog kev pab ntawm pej xeem recipes. Rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm raum zuam muaj ntau nyiaj: pouring boiling dej, qej dej, mustard thiab dandelion infusions, kev siv ntawm sulfuric daws.
Ua Berry bushes nrog boiling dej.
Qhov no kev kho mob yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub peb hlis ntuj, txawm ua ntej lub buds swell on nroj tsuag. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, feem ntau nyob rau hauv bushes yog tseem snow. Yuav kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem no, koj yuav tsum khi ib lub nplooj ntawm nplooj "tawg", qaij rau hauv av thiab txhim kho rau lub sijhawm ua tiav.
Ib lub thoob ntawm dej yog rhuab thiab coj mus rau ib tug boil, tom qab uas cov dej yog poured mus rau hauv ib lub hlau vaj watering tau thiab currant bushes yog poured tshaj ceg thiab bark. 
Cov dej kub txav zuam hib tuaj rau hauv ob lub raum, rhuav tshem cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob fungal (powdery mildew thiab lwm tus) hibernating rau cov nroj tsuag thiab hauv thaj tsam hauv cheeb tsam, pab txhawb cov nroj tsuag kev tiv thaiv.
Ib txhia kev paub gardeners tej zaum yuav ncuav currant tshaj boiling dej nyob rau hauv lig Autumn (thaum ntxov mus rau nruab nrab-Kaum ib hlis). Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, cov kab mob qog tau pom tseeb - lawv muaj ob peb zaug loj tshaj cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo.
Ua qej Extract.
Los npaj qhov infusion, 200 grams qej yog npaum li cas, peeled thiab skipped los ntawm ib tug nqaij grinder (qej zaub mov). Taub qej qej pulp ncuav 10 liv dej thiab tawm mus rau infuse rau 2-3 teev. 
Cov tshuaj brew tiav lawm yog lim los ntawm ib sab cib los yog ntaub poom khib nyiab hauv ob los yog peb txheej. Strained qej infusion siv spraying currant bushes.
Mustard infusion los ntawm zuam.
200 grams ntawm qhuav mustard yog poured nrog 10 liv dej thiab sab laug dhau ib hmo rau infuse. Nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov, kev daws yog lim los ntawm ib tug nplua sieve, poured rau hauv ib lub tshuaj tsuag tshuaj tsuag thiab kho nrog nroj tsuag. 
Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm dandelions.
- 200 gram ntawm dandelion keeb kwm (ntxuav thiab ntxuav);
- 50 grams ntawm ntsuab dandelion nplooj;
- 10 liv dej.
Lub cag thiab nplooj yog kis los ntawm ib tug nqaij grinder, crushed zaub loj yog tais hauv ib lub kaum-liter thoob thiab poured dej mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub ntim. Tus txheem ntawm lub thoob yog zoo tov, thiab sab laug rau ib ob peb teev rau Txoj kev lis ntshav.
Nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub sij hawm no, qhov Txoj kev lis ntshav yog npaj rau kev siv. Ua ntej siv, qhov no infusion yuav tsum tau lim. 
Kev kho mob nrog colloidal sulfur kua.
10 grams ntawm cov tshuaj yog poured mus rau hauv ib lub loj hlau los yog yas thawv thiab poured nrog kaum liv dej txias, kom tov, tightly kaw nrog ib tug hau thiab sab laug rau 10-15 feeb.
Tom qab ntawd, kev daws yog npaj txhij, nws yuav siv tau los kho kho bushes ntawm dub thiab liab currants, gooseberries. 
Resistant ntau yam
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tawm ntawm vicious lub voj voog ntawm txhua xyoo kev tswj hwm, yuav tsum tso ntawm tshiab berries, siv ntau yam resistant rau no Kab Tsuag.
Kawm txog kev saib xyuas ntawm dub currants, liab currants, dawb currants thiab golden currants.Dub currant:
- "Irmen" thiab "Michurin's Memory";
- "Early Potapenko" thiab "In Memory of Potapenko";
- "Hmo ntuj hmo ntuj" thiab "Belarusian Sweet";
- "Minx", "Sevchanka", "Riddle";
- "Leningrad qab zib" thiab "Leningrad loj";
- "Kipiana" thiab "Oryol Serenade";
- "Nara", "Otradnaya", "Chernysh";
- "Dub Pearl" thiab "Vigorous".
Koj puas paub? Lavxias lub npe txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau txais los ntawm lo lus "stench"txhais li cas "qhov tsis hnov tsw" (tam sim no "stench" txuam nrog ib tug tsw tsw, tab sis peb cov ancestors tau nws tag nrho txawv), vim hais tias cov currant aroma, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog dub, yog heev noticeable vim lub siab concentration ntawm tseem ceeb roj.
Liab Currant:
- "Hlub";
- "Red Cross";
- "Yonker van Tets";
- "Cherry Vixne";
- Chulkovskaya;
- "Ilyinka";
- "Ural kev zoo nkauj";
- "Cov hluav taws kub ntawm lub Urals";
- "Scarlet dawn".
Dawb currant:
- "Snezhana";
- "Dawb Fairy";
- "Bayana";
- "Nas Ncauj";
- "Versailles dawb".
Hauv cov tsev zov me nyuam thiab cov khw muag khoom noj tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem muas tsob ntoo ntawm cov teb chaws txawv (Tebchaws Russia, Ukraine, Poland). Tus txiv neej yuav tsum xaiv cov neeg uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev mob nyav.
Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias, dhau sij hawm, txawm tshaj plaws thiab cov kab mob-resistantant currant ntau yam maj los nws cov qualities. Qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub qub nroj tsuag yog tsis muaj zog los ntawm lub hnub nyoog, thiab nws yuav zoo yuav populated los ntawm ib lub raum currant mite. 
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yog hais tias koj tsuas yog npaj los cog ib tug currant Berry, ces koj yuav tsum siv sij hawm ib co kev ntsuas thiaj li muaj noj qab haus huv nroj tsuag thiab ib tug tag nrho sau ntawm berries nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.
- Xaiv ntau yam resistant rau ntau cov kab mob thiab cov pests ntawm currants.
- Noj cuttings rau yug me nyuam tsuas noj qab haus huv, tsis muaj tus kab mob nrog cov kab thiab nroj tsuag kab mob.
- Nyob rau hauv lub off-lub caij (lig Autumn, lub caij ntuj no, thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav) coj ib tug yeeb yam tshuaj ntsuam thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm mob kis tau rau ntawm bushes.
- Tshem tawm diseased bushes, tshem tawm los ntawm Berry plantation thiab hlawv.
- Ua tau cov kev kho mob nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests nrog tshuaj lom neeg thiab txheeb raws roj ntsha.
- Tsau tshuaj rau cov khoom cog.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yuav khoom (pub dawb) cov ntoo thuv ua ntej cog yuav tsum tau ua tiav. Tshav kub kho yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau disinfection - seedlings yog poured nrog dej kub (40 °C) rau 15-20 nas this. Tom qab cua sov kev kho mob, lub seedlings yog soaked nyob rau hauv lub Fitoverma daws. Nws yuav tsum npaj raws nraim raws li cov lus qhia nrog rau kev npaj.
Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm prophylaxis, nruab nrab ntawm kab ntawm currants, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom cog densely cloves los yog qej noob dos. Qej kis tau phytoncides nyob rau hauv cov huab cua thiab nyob rau hauv cov av, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog unloved los ntawm raum mite. Nws yog ib lub tswv yim mus nqa tawm xws li ib tsaws txhua txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yuav ua lwm hom kev tiv thaiv rau currants.Lub blackcurrant bud mite (Cecidophyopsis ribis) yog txaus ntshai tsis tsuas yog rau cog ntawm dawb, xim liab thiab dub currants - nws yuav gladly khom ntawm gooseberry bushes.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kab tsuag los ntawm cog koj lub vaj teb thiab rhuav tseg cov qoob loo yav tom ntej, tsis txhob ua tub nkeeg rau kev ua li niaj zaus kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob, yuav tsuas noj qab haus huv cog khoom los ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom lag luam.
