Qos yaj ywm

Qos yaj ywm "Huab tais Anne": fruitful thiab sustainable

Txhua zaub grower xav kom tau txais ntau yam ntawm cov qos yaj ywm thaum ntxov, uas nyob rau ntawm qib caj dab yog tiv thaiv los ntawm cov kab mob thiab microbial pathogens, zoo li yooj yim cultivated nyob rau hauv peb cov latitudes thiab muab universal cua paus zaub. Cov kev xav tau coj los rau kev tseeb ntawm German breeders, leej twg, tom qab ntev kev sib tw thiab sim, qhia lub ntiaj teb no nrog ib tug tshiab ntau yam qos yaj ywm, Poj huab tais Anne. Dab tsi yog qhov kev novelty, zoo li cas thiab cov tsis zoo yog cov xeeb ntxwv thiab dab tsi tsim nyog yuav tsum loj hlob rau tubers nyob rau hauv koj lub vaj - koj yuav kawm txog tag nrho cov no ntxiv.

Cov lus qhia ntxaws txog ntau yam

Qos yaj ywm "Poj huab tais Anne" ntau yam lus cog tseg ntawm ntau yam thiab ntau tus neeg muab kev pom zoo. Luv luv, nws yuav piav raws li ib tug universal, heev tsim ua hauj lwm ntawm German botanists nrog tus thiab txawm daj tubers ntawm thaum ntxov ripening. Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog ib qhov me me ntawm cov duab ntawm tag nrho cov duab, yog li ntawd peb yuav delve rau hauv cov ntsiab lus.

Koj puas paub? Cov qos yaj ywm tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb yog nyob rau hauv ntau yam "La Bonnotte", uas yog cultivated los ntawm aborigines ntawm cov kob Noirmoutier. Ib kilogram ntawm cov qoob loo cov qoob loo yuav tsum them txog 500-600 euros.

Tua

Pom hais tias topping ntawm qos ntau yam "Poj huab tais Anna" yuav ua raws li cov nram qab no cov yam ntxwv:

  1. Tua yog cov nroj tsuag heev thiab sawv los ntawm kev sib kis.
  2. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, Bush yog ncaj los yog polostyachy, me me loj.
  3. Lub foliage yog loj, tsaus ntsuab, me ntsis pubescent, tsis txawv nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab wrinkling los ntawm lwm yam ntau yam.
  4. Inflorescences yog loj nrog dawb petals, densely npog tua.
Xyuas seb cov hom qos yaj ywm: "Luck", "Irbitsky", "Gala" thiab "Kiwi".

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Noj cov laib tub luam ntawm "poj huab tais Anne" tuaj yeem tau 80 hnub tom qab cog. Lawv qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv yog qhov tawv daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm ib tus qauv ua nrog me me muag muag. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, hauv kev ntsuam xyuas, ntau niam tsev tham txog kev yoojyim ntawm kev tu thiab kev ua qoob loo cov qoob loo.

Externally, lub qos muaj cov duab ntawm ib tug elongated oval. Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab mas nws txawv ntawm 84-150 g Ib txhia cov hnoos qeev tuaj ntev tshaj li 10 cm Cov khoom tshwj xeeb tau pom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm 94%. Sab hauv, lawv muaj xim daj, tawv pulp uas muaj 14 mus rau 16 feem pua ​​cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Nws muaj saj zoo, tsis rhaub muag thiab tsis tsaus ntuj thaum ua noj.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yuav kom txuag qos paus qoob loo los ntawm moths, xaiv thaum ntxov ntau yam rau cog. Lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen ua ntej kab tsuag kab thiab butterflies ua kom nquag plias.
"Poj huab tais Anna" - siab-ntau yam qoob loo: nyob rau hauv ib lub hav txwv yeem, raws li txoj cai, nce txog 16 txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob, thiab los ntawm 1 hectare txog 457 centners yuav tsum tau tua. Tubers yog yooj yim ntxuav, zoo thauj, tsim rau ntev cia. Lawv ua kom zoo yog kwv yees li ntawm 92%. Cov neeg tsim khoom muag feem ntau muag thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog cov kab zaub me hauv paus.

Cov nroj tsuag no mas tiv thaiv kabmob kheesxaws, tshuaj tua kabmob thiab kabmob. Weakly tawm tsam lig blight, tab sis thaum ntxov ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening txuag lub bushes los ntawm tus kab mob.

Ntaus zuj zus

Cultivation ntawm German ntau yam yog tsis sib txawv los ntawm tus qauv, txawv rau gardeners ntawm temperate climatic latitudes. Lub nuance tsuas yog qhov yuav tsum tau rau noo noo nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb arid. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas xaiv lub tsev kawm ntawv txoj kev rau cov qos txaj thiab tsis txhob ncua lub sij hawm ntawm cog.

Tsaws chaw

Xaiv ntawm ib lub cuab yeej rau qos yaj ywm ntawm txhua yam ntau yam yuav tsum tau noj mus rau hauv tus account qoob loo tig - tag nrho cov deciduous cov qoob loo thiab Sweet peppers yog cov tsis ncaj ncees rau cov hauv paus qoob loo. Nws tsis tuaj yeem cog txhua xyoo rau tib qho chaw. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov kab, cov kab mob thiab kab mob me me thiab mycelium yuav txo qhov qoob loo kab noj rau hauv cov av. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas tsis muaj lwm lub txaj thiab nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom hloov lub landings, koj yuav tsum fertilize lub av nrog ntsuab manure. Rau lub hom phiaj no, nyob rau hauv Autumn, lub cuab ntxhiab yog sown nrog dawb mustard, thiab thaum lub seedlings loj hlob, lawv faus rau hauv av thaum plowing lub vaj.

Koj puas paub? Nws yog lub Korolev Anna ntau yam qos yaj ywm uas yog zus los ntawm Belarusian Thawj Tswj Hwm Alexander Lukashenko ntawm nws Drozdy chaw nyob.
Agronomists xav txog cucumbers, cabbage thiab legumes yuav zoo tshaj plaws precursors rau qos yaj ywm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau taws teeb nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam uas qhib tsis muaj vaj tse thiab ntoo, thiab txias thiab ntub qis. Thaum xaiv ib qhov chaw, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas xav txog qhov chaw ntawm cov dej. Yog hais tias lawv yog nyob ze rau qhov saum npoo, nws yuav advisable cog hauv high ridges. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm arid struts, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua tshwj xeeb trenches ua ntej cog.

Cov av uas yuav tsum tau

Nyuaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov qos yaj ywm muab peat, chernozem, Sandy loam thiab loam. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog hais tias lub substrate yog lub teeb thiab xoob. Rau cov tawm los ntawm paus cov qoob loo yog tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov av. Tias yog vim li cas tu neeg ua teb tom qab harvesting fertilize ib lub txaj, nyob qhov twg rau xyoo tom ntej lawv npaj cog "Queen pojniam" nrog manure thiab tshauv. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tuber pub. Ib square meter yuav tsum tau 10 kg ntawm compost los yog manure thiab 1 liter ntawm ntoo tshauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom txhim kho cov lus sau ntawm substrate nrog magnesium thiab dolomite hmoov ntawm tus nqi ntawm 10 g ib square meter.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tsis txhob cog qos tubers hauv txias, ntub av. Thaum nyob rau hauv xws li ib puag ncig, lub noob yuav tsuas rot, thiab cov qauv uas tseem muaj sia nyob yuav tsim diseased seedlings.
Nco ntsoov sim lub cuab ntxhiab ntawm acidity ntawm cov av, raws li lub qos reacts tsis zoo rau acidic thiab alkaline ib puag ncig. Zoo tagnrho rau nws yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pH ntawm 5.1-6.0. Ces dandelions, coltsfoot thiab wheatgrass rampage rau ntawm qhov chaw.

Cov kev cai tsaws "Huab tais Anne"

"Poj huab tais Anna" tau txais kev hwm ntawm gardeners thiab simplicity ntawm cultivation. Muaj ntau ntau yam txaus siab rau high tawm los, uas yog tau txawm nrog yooj yim cog thiab kev kho mob.

Lub sijhawm zoo

Yog hais tias cov hauv paus hniav raug muab faus dhau lawm, lawv yuav tsis pub txhua tus lossis lawv yuav zaum ntev ntev yam tsis muaj qhov cim ntawm lub neej. Lub caij cog qoob loo dhau los kuj yuav cuam tshuam qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov saum thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yav tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, nws tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob ncua lub sijhawm zoo. Rau thaum ntxov qos ntau yam, qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm yog suav tias yog thib peb xyoo caum ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj mus rau ib nrab-Tsib Hlis. Qee lub caij nyoog lub caij nyoog yog coj los ntawm cov noog nplooj thiab pib cog thaum lawv tawg.

Txhob tsis quav ntsej qhov kub ntxhov thiab huab cua. Lub ntiaj teb yuav tsum zoo zoo. Kev paub txog cov vaj tse hauv "Queen Anne" ua ntej-them rau cheeb tsam nrog ib zaj duab xis rau qee lub sij hawm.

Koj puas paub? Hais rau Fabkis kom tsis txhob ntshai ntawm qos tubers thiab pib loj hlob rau lawv, lub zos agronomist Antoine-Auguste Parmentier resorted mus rau lub hlwb tricks. Nws tau cog nws lub teb nrog cov qoob loo thiab muab cov tiv thaiv rau lawv rau hnub ntawd, thiab thaum tsaus ntuj nkag mus rau cov kab zais tsis muaj zog. Muaj ntau tus neeg tsis tau paub txog qhov xav tau uas yog tearing lawv thiab nkag mus hauv lub vaj ntawm ib tug txiv neej saib nws nyob rau hauv lub zos. Vim li ntawd, qos yaj ywm tshaj li lub sijhawm pib loj hlob dhau deb ntawm thaj tsam ntawm kev sib hais haum.

Hom phiaj, huab cua yog tsim rau tsaws thiab huab cua sov yog ntawm qhov tob ntawm 10 cm txog 10 ° C.

Kev npaj ntawm cog cov khoom

Yuav kom ntseeg tau tias tus phooj ywg thiab muaj zog seedlings ntawm qos yaj ywm, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los npaj noob nyob rau hauv ua ntej. Ib lub lim tiam ua ntej cog, nws yog ua tib zoo sorted, rejecting gnawed, spoiled thiab me me kuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob tawm rau rooting tubers nrog nyias ncav sprouts.

Yas hnab ntawm noob keeb kwm yog raug mus rau lub hnub, yog li ntawd lawv sov lawv tus kheej thiab muab tua. Tsis tas yuav tsum tau npog lub qos yaj ywm, ntshai tias nws yuav tig ntsuab nyob rau hauv ncaj qha ultraviolet sab. Xws li ib lub cev metamorphosis yog qhov zoo tshaj, txij li qhov salonin tsim nyob rau hauv lub fetus yog toxic, nws frightens tawm pests thiab pathogens, muaj txhawb rau zoo dua germination.

Tsaws qauv

Muab cov qoob loo ntawm "Queen Anne", thaum cog tubers, saib qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv. Nws yog qhov pom zoo kom khiav tawm tsawg kawg 20 cm. Nws zoo dua rau cov qos yaj ywm hauv cov furrows, tab sis qee cov neeg cog zaub ntsuab nyiam cog lawv hauv chess kev.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thiaj li rau cov qos yaj ywm kom tau zoo zuj zus, koj yuav tsum tshem cov paj los ntawm cov saum.

Yuav ua li cas los xyuas kom meej txoj kev saib xyuas ntawm ntau yam

Kev tu ib tug qos yaj ywm pw tsuas yog nyob rau hauv li niaj zaus weeding, loosening cov av thiab raws sij hawm hilling ntawm bushes. Weeds yuav tsum tsis txhob pub npau taws rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag nroj tsuag, xaiv cov nroj tsuag tsim nyog rau zaub mov thiab lub zog. Variety "Poj huab tais Anna" teb zoo rau potash fertilizer. Lawv tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov ntxhuav txoj hnav.

Yog hais tias lub tuaj Frost threatens lub emerged tua, npog lub txaj rau lub hmo nrog polyethylene los yog pawg nrog nrog saum ntawm nplooj, haus luam yeeb nws. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nrog kub lub caij ntuj sov, cov av yog moistened mus rau ib theem ntawm 40-50 cm. Nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub, mus txog 400 liters dej ntawm ib qho kev caij nyoog ntawm ib lub lim tiam yuav tsum tau poured rau hauv txhua square square ntawm av.

Hillocks yog raug rau cov nroj tsuag uas tau ncav 15 cm ntawm qhov siab. Yog hais tias tus txheej txheem qeeb, cov qoob loo yuav raug txo vim qhov raug puas lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua txoj haujlwm nyob rau hauv no yog kev coj tawm ntawm tsuas yog ntub hauv av (tom qab dej los yog los nag). Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam qhuav hauv cheeb tsam, xws li kev tswj kev lag luam tsis raug pom zoo, raws li lawv raug kev puas tsuaj loj heev rau hauv paus system ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Siav tubers ntawm thaum ntxov ntau yam tsis xav kom muab khaws cia rau hauv av, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav pib germinate.

Kab mob thiab kab tsuag

Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm kev txhaum loj heev ntawm cov cai rau cultivation thiab cia ntawm qos yaj ywm hauv ib lub vaj zaub, ib tug nroj tsuag undergo ntau ntau cov kab mob. Txhua hom rot, spotting, fungal mycelium, blight, cancer thiab kab xev yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus ntshai. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm "Queen Anne" yog lub siab tsis kam rau cov kab mob no. Tab sis rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm luam ntawm pathogens, kev saib xyuas rau cov av, phytocleaning ntawm cuam tshuam bushes thiab Txau nroj tsuag nrog Ridomil Kub thiab Charivnyk yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tubers ua ntej cog, nws yog ntshaw kom ua cov tshuaj lom neeg txhais tau tias "Maxim" lossis "Prestige."

Hais rau Colorado beetles, grubs, qos moths, thiab Medvedka tsis mus nyiag koj cov qoob loo, nws yog worthwhile mus tsau tshuaj yaug nrog tshuaj: Bankol, Huv, Antizhuk, Aktara, Bi-58 Tshiab, Decis. Nws kuj yog advisable kom tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag thiab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm mus rau loosen cov av nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb, yog li ntawd raws li tsis tsim tej yam kev mob rau cov teeb meem kab.

Yog hais tias koj tsis xav kom tau txais kev puas tsuaj loj hauv cov qoob loo, kawm paub yuav ua li cas nrog cov kab tsuag qos.

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam

Lub ntsiab pub leejtwg yog vim li cas qos ntau yam "poj huab tais Anne" conquers gardeners, dag nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no zoo:

  • siab yielding;
  • tiv thaiv rau ntau hom kab mob hauv paus zaub;
  • khoom muag thiab saj cov xeeb ceem ntawm tubers;
  • kev thauj mus los zoo thiab ua kom zoo ntawm cov qoob loo;
  • thaum ntxov ripening.

Koj puas paub? Thawj cov zaub uas tau hlob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw yog precisely lub qos yaj ywm. Nws tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1995.

Qhov ntau yam muaj ib txhia lacks. Kuv xav poj huab tais Anne yuav zoo yoog kom droughts thiab ntau resistant lig blight. Txawm hais tias muaj tus kab mob ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov chav kawm no tau xyaum tsis tau.

Tam sim no nws yog cuab kev yog vim li cas cov creation ntawm German breeders yog tsis nyiam tsuas yog los ntawm cov tswv teb hauv zos, tab sis kuj los ntawm me me tswv av nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab tus qub Soviet Union. Rau cov gardeners uas npau suav ntawm tau txais ib siab thiab high-quality qoob loo los ntawm ib tug me me cuab ntxhiab, "poj huab tais Anne" yog ib tug tiag tiag nrhiav.