Lub txiav muaj peev xwm sai sai bark, thiab seedlings uas loj hlob tawm ntawm lawv muaj tib yam khoom thiab varietal yam ntxwv raws li leej niam Bush.
Rau qhov no yog vim li cas grafting yog feem ntau cov qauv ntawm cog grapes.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv txoj cai txiav?
Sau lub sijhawm
Nws yog zoo dua mus rau sau cuttings nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, thaum lub sij hawm loj pruning ntawm bushes. Vim li cas lub caij nplooj zeeg? Qhov tseeb yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no lub sij hawm ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub qhov muag thiab vines tuag vim khov. Vim li no, qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom muag thaum muag ntxawm cuttings nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg feem ntau tshaj qhov tau los ntawm lub caij nplooj hlav harvesting.
Thiaj li, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj sij hawm xaiv lub cuttings ua ntej qhov pib ntawm thawj Frost, thaum lub sij hawm nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw nyob. Xwb, nyob rau qee thaj tsam twb nyob rau lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, qhov poob thib ob hauv qhov ntsuas mus rau qhov ntsuas hauv qab xoom.
Xaiv ntawm vines rau cuttings
Ua kom pom qhov tseeb, nws yuav paub meej tias cuttings (los yog chubuki) yuav tsum tau txiav los ntawm bushes nrog high loo thiab, ntawm chav kawm, noj qab haus huv. Yog hais tias koj muaj ib tug loj loj vineyard, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau mus rau pre-npaj lub Bush uas txaus siab rau koj, yog li ntawd raws li tsis txhob confuse ntau yam.
Vine, nrog rau uas peb yuav txiav qhov cuttings, yuav tsum tsis txhob raug puas los ntawm cov kab mob thiab frosts. Peb txaus siab nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo-paub vine. Koj puas paub hais tias lawv tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm lawv tus cwj pwm tsaus nti xim?
Muaj clasped lub nevzaryvshuyu ib feem ntawm txoj kev khiav dim, nrog ib tug yam ntxwv ntsuab xim, thiab tom qab ntawd, kov, ripe, koj yuav hnov qhov txawv ntawm tactile ncus. Thawj yuav zoo li txias piv rau ob.
Tshaj
Yog li, peb twb tau sau tseg tias peb xav tau ib tsob txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo, los sis tsis yog, ib feem ntawm nws. Raws li txoj cai, qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov qis yog tsim. Sab saum tojQhov twg tsis tua cov tua nyob, tsis haum rau peb lub hom phiaj. Ntxiv nrog rau sab nraud kev xeem, lub degree ntawm laus ntawm vine yuav qhia rau peb thiab ras txog ntawm tua mus rau iodine.
Yog hais tias qhov kev txiav yog txo qis rau 1% iodine, ces koj yuav pom tau tias nyob rau qee cov yub cov xim yuav tsaus ntuj tsaus ntuj, yuav luag dub, uas qhia tau tias lawv cov khoom noj kom txaus. Thiab lwm tus yuav pom ib lub teeb xim ntsuab. Cov yub no tsis paub tab txaus.
Kuj tseem ceeb heev tua tuab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov, yog hais tias lub cheeb yuav 7-10 mm, tab sis thiaj li hais tias lub to top tsis tsawg tshaj li 6 mm. Tshaj tawm yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam nrog nplua vine. Qhov zoo tshaj, lub stalk yuav tsum muaj tsib internodes, yog tias ntau dua, ces nws txawm zoo dua.
Tom qab overwintering, nws yuav ua tau mus txiav qhov kev noj qab nyob zoo tshaj plaws. Tab sis qee cov tswv lag luam xav txog kev tsim thiab ib daim xaum nrog peb mus rau plaub lub pob. Txiav qhov txiav yog ua los ntawm shears. Peb ua ib tug txiav nyob rau hauv lub pob cyuam, thiab thib ob (Upper) - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm internode.
Txiav ntev yuav tsum yog txog rau xya caum centimeters, qhov Tshuag no yuav cia koj hloov tshiab lub txiv neej uas yuav qhuav tawm thaum lub sij hawm cia. Lub cuttings raug tso tawm los ntawm nplooj, tendrils thiab stepsons, thiab tied nrog bundles siv xaim. Nco ntsoov xa ib daim ntawv nrog rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb: tus naj npawb ntawm cuttings, sau lub sij hawm, qib.
Cia
Kom cuttings xav tau nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw txias. Ntau zaus rau qhov no lawv siv qab lawj, cellars, thiab tseem poob rau hauv kev sib tshuam (tsis pub tsawg tshaj 25 cm). Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov kub thiab humidity hauv chav. Kev ntsuas yuav tsum yog los ntawm 0 txog + 4 º C, thiab tsis ntau tshaj 60%.
Cia kev npaj muaj disinfection cuttings nyob rau hauv 3% daws ntawm tooj liab sulfate. Qhov no yuav tsum tiv thaiv pwm yav tom ntej. Tom qab cov txheej txheem no, lawv coj tawm thiab sab laug rau qee lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov huab cua kom qhuav, thiab ces muab tso rau hauv cia.
Muaj ntau cov teebmeem kev ntseeg ntseeg tias ua ntej khaws cia lub cuttings, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog rau saturate nrog tus siab kawg ntau ntawm noo noo thiaj li kom tsis txhob ziab. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej kev kho mob nyob rau hauv ib tug tshuaj tua kab mob, pre-soak lub cuttings nyob rau hauv dej rau ib hnub.
Yog hais tias koj cog lub cuttings tsis muag, tab sis rau koj tus kheej, ces koj tsis tas yuav ntau qhov chaw cia lawv. Rau lub hom phiaj no, tsim thiab ntoo lub thawv rau hauv qab ntawm uas sib npaug nrog xuab zeb 10 cm tuab, cuttings, ces dua ib txheej ntawm cov xuab zeb, thiab lwm yam. Thaum lub sij hawm cia, mus txuas ntxiv soj ntsuam thiab saib xyuas qhov ntsuas kub thiab cov av nyob hauv chav. Airing thiab moistening xuab zeb, yog tias tsim nyog.
Pom zoo kuj hloov cuttings tsawg kawg ib zaug thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho lub caij ntuj no lub sij hawm. Qhov no yog ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no: cov cuttings uas yog los ntawm hauv qab no - tau txais mus rau sab saum toj thiab, nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, lub siab tau coj lawv qhov chaw los ntawm hauv qab no.
Tag Nrho tshuaj ntsuam ntawm cuttings yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ib hlis ib zaug thiab muab pov tseg thiab tsis tuaj yeem txum tim rov qab. Yog hais tias txheej txheem puab tau pib xwb, lawv yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab disinfected nyob rau hauv ib qho kev daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate, ces qhuav thiab re-khaws cia.
Nrog trench cia lub ditch yog dug txog tsib caug centimeters tob, zaj duab xis yog hlua mus rau hauv qab kom dawb sawv nyob twj ywm. Tom qab ntawd lub cuttings raug muab tso, them nrog rau seem uas yog zaj duab xis thiab ib tug ntaub thaiv npog yog pw rau saum ntawm ditch, uas yog them nrog av rau 25 cm Nrog no txoj kev ntawm cia, qhov cuttings tsis txee.
Rau cia me me cuttings neeg resort rau ntau txoj kev, thaum muaj lawv tus kheej secrets thiab tricks. Qee tus siv lub thoob rau qhov no, qee cov siv yas hwj, thiab qee tus siv cov paj zoo nkauj. Peb tau saib ntau hom kev kho mob.
Thaum lub sij hawm lub caij ntuj no los xaus, peb tuaj yeem xyuas qhov kev npaj txhij ntawm peb cov cuttings rau cog. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cuttings raug muab los ntawm txawv kab thiab muab tso rau hauv dej. Qhov o ntawm ob lub raum tom qab ob peb hnub yuav qhia tau hais tias lub qhov muag yog nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm licas, thiab sai sai nws yuav ua tau kom pib cog.
Nws tseem yog nyiam kom nyeem txog cog txiv hmab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg nrog saplings.
Tshem tawm
Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj, lub cuttings yog tau los ntawm cov chaw cia thiab undergo ib meej thiab niaj zaus tshuaj xyuas. Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tus tua yog ciaj sia. Hloov tshiab slices. Lawv yuav tsum ntsuab. Yog hais tias koj ua ib qhov ntawm lub raum ntawm lub raum, ces nws yuav tsum saib zoo, thiab tsis muaj xim dub thiab xim av.
Li ntawd, peb xaiv tshaj plaws tsim tua. Tam sim no nws yog qhov tsim nyog txiav rau hauv lawv nyob rau cuttings nrog ob lub qhov muag. Hauv qhov no, peb sim ua kom qis seem tam sim ntawd qis dua lub raum, thiab sab sauv ib qho kom ob xees moos nyob siab dua nws. Yuav kom tsis txhob tsis meej pem ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm txiav nrog sab saum toj, peb ua qhov txo qis obliquely. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum ua tus me me nqis hauv daim ntawv ntawm khawb ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm nruab nrab mus rau hauv qab.
Tom ntej no, yog ua soaking cuttings nyob rau hauv cov dej qub rau ib hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd txo cov hlais rau hauv lub hwj nrog ib qho kev kho tshwj xeeb uas txhawb nqa rooting, rau tib lub sijhawm. Tom qab ua tiav txoj kev no, peb muab cov cuttings rov qab rau hauv ib lub thoob ntawm cov dej huv, uas yuav tsum ncav cuag peb mus rau plaub centimeters.
Raws li cov dej evaporates, nws yuav tsum tau rov qab. Nws yog tawm tswv yim kom muab tso rau lub bank nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw tshav ntuj. Nyob rau kaum hnub, lub raum sab sauv yuav pib txhaws, thiab nyob rau hauv nees nkaum hnub thawj keeb kwm yuav pib tshwm. Sai li sai tau lawv rov qab, lub txiav yuav suav hais tias npaj txhij rau cog.
Kev muaj peev xwm thiab substrate npaj ua ntej. Lawv raug coj nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag: cov xuab zeb, av ntawm lub vaj, humus thiab qub sawdust. Tag nrho cov no yuav tsum muaj lub hwj thiab tsis ntub heev. Ua ib lub taub ntim, koj tuaj yeem siv cov hwj uas tsis tov. Nyob rau hauv lub qab peb ua qhov rau lub outflow ntawm dej thiab nteg kua.
Tom qab ntawd peb poob pw tsaug zog 8 cm ntawm yav dhau los npaj sib tov, txo qhov txiav thiab ces poob pw tsaug zog dua nrog rau hauv av thiaj li hais tias cov tub ntxhais hluas tua nce saum toj kawg nkaus lub substrate. Peb cov dej thiab peb muab tso rau hauv lub hnub ci qhov rais sill.
Raws li ib tug to top hnav khaub ncaws Koj siv tau ntoo tshauv thiab poov tshuaj, tab sis nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv, nitrogen-muaj chiv, uas muaj peev xwm provoke loj hlob sai ntawm kev tua. Yog hais tias koj tseem pom zoo li no, ces koj tuaj yeem mus rau txoj kev khiav. Thaum peb paub tseeb tias yuav muaj tsis muaj ntau dua, peb tuaj yeem mus pib cog qoob loo mus rau qhov chaw mus tas li.
Thaum xub thawj, peb sim ua kom cov tub ntxhais hluas khiav tawm ntawm kev tshav ntuj ncaj qha nrog kev pabcuam ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Yog tias txhua yam ua tiav lawm, nrog kev tu thiab kev hlub, thiab tseem yuav mus txuas ntxiv rau kev saib xyuas tib yam, tom qab ntawd ob los yog peb lub xyoos koj yuav tuaj yeem ua raws li koj tus kheej nrog thawj zaug.
Thiab peb xav koj kev vam meej nyob rau hauv tag nrho koj endeavors!
