Spruce - kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm txhua qhov chaw. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij ntuj sov, nws tseem zoo nkauj, rov qab kho cov toj roob hauv pes thiab muab nws saib taus. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog xaiv cov cai spruce rau lub tsev kawm ntawv, hom thiab ntau hom uas yog xam nyob rau hauv ob peb lub xyoo.
Nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntawm spruce - siab evergreen ntoo nrog ib tug nqaim cone-puab crown thiab ib lub pob tw. Ua tsaug rau kev xaiv, ntau yam tshiab tau raug coj tuaj, thiab cov kis tau zoo txaus siab vim ntau hom koob thiab cov duab txawv txawv.
Koj puas paub? Muaj coob tus tau pom tias kev ua tsis taus pa yooj yim dua nyob rau hauv cov hav zoov uas muaj hlo. Qhov no yog vim hais tias lub spruce muaj phytoncides uas muaj ib tug ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub plawv system thiab ua pa plab hnyuv siab raum.
Norway spruce (European)
Spruce (nyob rau hauv neeg neeg - Christmas ntoo) belongs rau pine tsev neeg, lub genus ntawm spruce muaj ntau tshaj li ib tug kaum os tsiaj thiab ntau yam, txawv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm ceg, qhov loj, cov duab ntawm crown thiab xim.
Lub cog ntawm ntau hom ntawm no kev zoo nkauj nyob hauv lub ntsiab qhov ntawm lub hav zoov nyob rau hauv European thaj chaw. Hauv cov cheeb tsam nroog, xws li khiav tawm tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob, vim muaj cov roj cua loj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob thiab ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau lawv.
Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso, feem ntau spruce (Picea abies) hloov yooj yim heev, vim tias ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm ntau yam tau tsim. Qhov feem ntau yog xws li ntau yam:
- Acrocona (Acrocona). Nws muaj cov duab ntawm ib qho uas tsis sib haum los yog ntoo. Qhov loj thiab cov duab nyob ntawm seb cov Acrocone hlob zoo li cas. Thaum zoo siab, nws tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau peb meters ntawm qhov siab thiab plaub nyob rau hauv dav. Txawm li cas los, qhov loj me me rau ib kaum spruce yog 1.5 meters. Cov tub ntxhais hluas koob ntawm ib lub teeb ntsuab xim tsaus ntuj nrog lub hnub nyoog. Cov tub ntxhais hluas ci xim liab cones, loj hlob nplua mias ntawm qhov xaus ntawm kev tua, ua ci maroon nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Ua tsaug rau qhov kho kom zoo nkauj no, Acrocon yog ib hom kab uas zoo nkauj, haum rau pawg cog thiab zoo nkaus li zoo nyob ib leeg. Lub caij ntuj no-tsis pom, zoo nkaus li hauv ntxoov ntxoo. Lub qhov ntsev av qhuav thiab stagnation ntawm cov dej hauv av tsis haum.
- Barry (Barryi). Nws muaj ib lub voj yas ua los ntawm cov ceg ntoo loj hlob vertically. Koob - ib nplua nuj ntsuab tsos, buds - loj. Tsob ntoo me me muaj ib txoj kab kheej, nws thiaj li ncab thiab rais qau. Thaum loj hlob ntawm ib daim duab, nws raug pom zoo kom qee zaus tawm qhov kev txiav tawm kom tau qhov kev xav tau. Fits txig rau hauv pes tsawg leeg.
- Wills Zwerg. Uzkokonichesky dwarf ntau yam nrog ib tug ntom crown. Qhov siab ntawm ib tsob ntoo laus yog 2 meters, inch yog 1 'meter'. Cov koob yog lub teeb ntsuab nrog tis qis.
- Inversa (Inversa). Cov kev tawm dag zog no yog kev ntseeg zuj zus nrog lub "quaj" crown, uas lub cev ntawm pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob txuas nrog kev txhawb nqa. Nws hlob mus txog 6-7 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab nrog ib koob lub cheeb ntawm 2 meters. Yog tias koj tsis saib xyuas dua, nws yuav tsis loj hlob siab tshaj 50 cm thiab yuav txav mus rau hauv av, nws loj hlob los ntawm 25-40 cm ib xyoos twg Vim nws tsis zoo nkauj, nws tuaj yeem ua tus qauv zoo nkauj.
- Maxwell (Maxwellii). Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog qhov twg uas yog xaiv xoob, xaiv kom tau Maxwell. Qhov no yog hom kab ntsaum, qhov siab siab tshaj plaws uas yog 2 meters. Lub yas muaj lub ntsej muag lossis lub hauv ncoo nrog cov koob daj ntsuab-ntsuab. Lub voj ntev ntawm tus ntoo laus yog 2 meters. Zoo siab zam cov duab ntxoov ntxoo thiab hnyav lub caij ntuj no.
- Nidiformis (Nidiformis). Dwarf spruce, uas nws qhov siab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv laus tsis tshaj ib lub 'meter' nrog lub hau inch ntawm ob meters. Tus duab ntawm lub crown zes. Tsis nyiam overmoistening, resistant mus rau Frost. Cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav tsum tau npog.
- Ohlendorffy (Ohlendorffii). Qeeb qeeb-loj hlob spruce, ncav 6 meters ntawm qhov siab thiab 3 meters ntawm lub cheeb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv laus. Crohn ntom, spherical los yog shirokokonicheskaya. Cov tub ntxhais hluas ci xim liab cones ua reddish-xim av los ntawm kawg ntawm ripening. Tsis muaj peev xwm zam ob qho av qhuav thiab ua pa ya raws. Xav zoo zoo rau cov kua qaub av thiab kua qaub av. Zoo siab tolerates shading thiab Frost. Ua ntej koj xaiv qhov no spruce muab, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tias nws yuav overshadow cheeb tsam lub sij hawm.
- Tompa (Tompa). Dwarf ntau yam loj hlob mus rau 1-1.5 meters. Qhov lub cheeb ntawm lub thoob-conical crown yog 1.5 meters. Xav zoo heev hauv lub hnub, nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo, cov av tsis xav tau. Krone yuav luag tsis xav tau kev pab ntxiv thiab kev txiav ntxiv.
- Formanek (Formanek). Nws muaj ib qho zoo nkauj thiab loj hlob zoo nyob hauv ib txoj kab dav dav, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntuj ntim txheej. Hauv kev txiav txim rau qhov no fir yuav tsum vertically, thaum nws loj hlob nws yog tsim nyog tsim ib pob tw thiab khi nws mus rau kev them nyiaj yug. Txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem tau txais ib lub "quaj" nrog rau cov koob ntsaws kab mob. Formanki yuav siv tau raws li ib chav tsev spruce. Zoo tag nrho rau decorate lub site nrog ib qho qhib terrace.
- Echinformis (Echiniformis). Nws nta cov paj ntawm lub nplaum ntawm cov nplais me me uas muaj cov npluas me-ntsuab. Nws hlob rau ib lub sij hawm ntev, yog li ntawd nws tsis xav tau heev pruning. Qhov me me me pub rau koj siv no spruce rau hauv cov cheeb tsam me me hauv pawg los yog ib tsob nroj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov tub ntxhais hluas kis tau zoo nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov sov siab yuav tsum tau lim dej txhua lub lim tiam (12 liters hauv qab tsob ntoo) thiab loosening cov av.
Eastern ntoo
Lwm lub npe rau qhov kev zoo nkauj no yog Caucasian Spruce (Picea orientalis). Nyob rau hauv lub qhov, nws hlob mus rau 50-65 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab, thaum muaj ib tug crown nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 22 meters. Cov duab ntawm lub crown yog pyramid, nrog dai ceg ntawm ib tug zoo nkauj xim av ntxoov ntxoo. 
Cov tub ntxhais hluas Christmas muaj ib lub teeb xim av (qee zaum reddish) xim, me ntsis pubescent, ci iab. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj cov qoob loo ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab. Cov koob yog me ntsis flattened thiab khoov tshaj plaws, ua tsaug uas lawv tsis prickly. Cov koob yog txhav, tuab, kub ua ntej thiab tsaus ntsuab thaum lub caij maturation. Ib qho kev txawv txav - cov koob li yog tias muaj cov kua roj vanish.
Cov xim ntawm paub tab buds muaj peev xwm los ntawm reddish mus violet-liab doog. Loj hlob ntawm qhov xaus ntawm kev tua nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib feem ntawm lub crown.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Kev loj hlob ntawm sab hnub tuaj spruce tsis tshua ncaj qha tshav ntuj. Hom kab no tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm nyias cov xaum av, tab sis yog nkag tau cua thiab qhuav dej.
Nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov toj roob hauv pes yog siv nyob rau hauv pab pawg cog, tab sis nws zoo li ntau impressive hauv solitude.
Spruce spiny (xiav)
Lub npe Latin ntawm hom kab no yog Picea pungens. Frost, cua thiab drought resistant. Zoo dua lwm hom kab mob muaj roj qias tuaj thiab muaj lub neej ntev ntev (yuav luag ib nrab xyoo).
Spruce spruce belongs rau pine tsev neeg, lub genus ntawm spruce muaj ntau tshaj li ib lub kaum os ntau yam, qhov tsos ntawm uas yeej ib txwm ua admiration. Nws yog ib qho me me, loj (txog 40 m siab thiab 3 m dav) tsob ntoo, uas yog xam tias yog qhov chaw yug ntawm North America. Cones nyob rau hauv no hom yog lub teeb xim av, ripen nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli thiab decorate Christmas tsob ntoo mus txog rau thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Hniav cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koob yuav muaj daj, xiav thiab grey ntxoov - nws tag nrho cov nyob ntawm lub thickness ntawm ciab txheej. Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm lub caij ntuj no, lub patina disappears thiab lub koob hloov tsaus ntsuab.
Blue spruce yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv luxurious zoo nkauj ntau yam. Kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim zoo yog:
- Belobok (Bialobok) - txawv txawv txawv golden-daj xim ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua;
- Aurea (Aurea) - thaum muaj hnub nyoog yau tawm hle qhov koob, uas nws thiaj li tau txais xim ntsuab xim;
- Atviridis (Atviridis) - tsaus ntsuab ntsuab;
- Draymond (BlueDiamond) lossis Xiav Pob Zeb - muaj ib qho xim txawv xim daj ntseg;
- Waldbrunn (Waldbrunn) - dwarf spruce, zoo tagnrho rau dai qhov chaw zoo nkauj;
- Glauca (Glauca) - spruce nrog cov kaus hniav-ntsuab;
- Glauca Globoza (Glauca Globosa) - ntses dej ciav hlau txia lub siab thiab 1.5 meters thoob plaws;
- Izeli Fasgiata (Iseli Fastigiate) yog ib ceg ntoo ntawm cov ceg ntoo uas muaj ceg ntoo loj thiab ci xiav xiav;
- Compact (Sompacta) - dwarf spruce nrog ib tug ca yas;
- Bonfire (Koster) - quaj spruce, qhov siab 10-15 meters thiab crown 4-5 meters;
- Lutescens (Lutescens) - cov koob tsis pauv cov xim txhua xyoo, thaum tshuav daj;
- Montgomery (Montgomery) - bonsai nrog ib tug cushion crown nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas thiab kev sib tw-zoo li hauv daim ntawv mature;
- Oldenburg (Oldenburg) - semi-dwarf spruce nrog siv quav ciab, kaj lug txiv kab ntxwv uas ua xiav-grey thaum loj hlob;
- Fastigiate - nrog kolonovidnoj sai tswb branched crown;
- Fat Albert (Fat Albert) - muaj ib lub thick shirokokonichesky krone qab ntxiag xiav ntxoov ntxoo;
- Flavescens (Flavescens) - txawv hauv daj dawb dawb ntawm koob;
- Cerulia (Coerulea) - Hawj nplhaib dawb-hawj;
- Hoopsii yog ib tsob ntoo zoo nkauj uas nws cov tub ntxhais hluas txoj kev loj hlob yog qhov txawv ntawm xim liab-xim av.
Spruce dub
Qhov conifer hlob mus rau ib qhov siab ntawm 20-30 meters, muaj ib tug nqiam conical duab ntawm crown. Ceg ntoo ntawm cov ntoo laus tuaj rau hauv av.
Young sprouts yog liab-xim av nrog ib tug tuab glandular, reddish ntug. Koob - tetrahedral, prickly. Cones nyob rau hauv daim ntawv mature muaj ib tug ovate (qee zaum - spherical) duab. Xim - liab doog-xim av.
Nws yog frost-resistant, zoo hloov shading, unpretentious mus zoo ntawm av. Nyob rau hauv qhuav lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau ntxiv dej.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv qus, dub spruce hlob nyob rau hauv North America. Nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe nws tau cultivated txij li thaum 1700, thiab nyob rau hauv Russia nws tau cultivated txij li thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo.
Hom ntoo Christmas no maj mam txawm nyob hauv cov dej num zoo, uas tso cai rau nws siv rau hauv cov cheeb tsam me me.
Yog hais tias koj xav xaiv spruce on lub cuab ntxhiab, them sai sai rau cov ntau yam thiab hom:
- Baysneri (Beissneri). Cov kab dav dav puag ncig nrog nyias, koob nyiaj-pob tw. Nws loj hlob mus rau tsib meters nrog tib lub dav ntawm lub crown.
- Baysneri Compact (Beissneri Compacta). Tsaug rau yug me nyuam, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm no spruce tsis pub tshaj ob meters. Cov taub no tsis tau hais tawm.
- Doumeti (Doumetii). 5-meter spruce nrog shirokokonichesky krone, ceg loj hlob li. Cov xim ntawm lub koob yog grey-xiav, lub cones loj hlob ntawm lub pob tw.
- Kobold Dwarf spruce nrog ib tug qhov siab ntawm 1 meter, nrog ib tug tuab crown nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib lub pob. Cov koob yog luv luv, tsaus ntsuab.
- Tam sim no muaj ntau yam. Nrhav cov xim dawb-motley.
- Aurea. Nws muaj ib qho khoom plig ci ntsa iab.
- Emproeides, Erikoides. Dwarf spruce nrog nyias koob.
Koj puas paub? Lub npe Latin rau spruce Picea originated ntawm lub ancient Roman Pix, uas txhais tau hais tias "resin". Cov hav zoov no zoo nkauj tshaj li ib xyoos dhau los thiab ntev-nyob - lawv nyob tau txog li 300 tawm xyoo.
Serbian spruce (Balkan)
Tsis muaj teeb meem ntau npaum li cas ntawm spruce muaj nyob rau hauv qhov, Serbian spruce yog suav hais tias yog feem ntau harmonious. Nyob rau hauv qus, nws yog tsawg thiab yog zus tsuas yog artificially. Ib qho txawv tshwj xeeb ntawm hom kab no yog ib txoj hlua khov uas tsis muaj qhov qis. Kev lig kev cai siv nyob rau hauv New Year lub koob tsheej.
Qhov no hom photophilous, tab sis vim qhov tob ntiav ntawm cov hauv paus hniav nyob rau hauv ib zaug xwb tsaws tau muab nraus los ntawm gusts ntawm cua. Nws nqa cov huab cua kuab zoo kawg nkaus, qhov zoo ntawm cov av tsis txawv. Ua tsaug rau lub hau plaub hau, koj tuaj yeem muab cov duab zoo.
Serbian spruce yog zoo tagnrho rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub vev xaib, thiab cov kos duab kos duab pom zoo kom pom cov ntau yam:
- Nana (Nana). Bluish cone-puab spruce. Thaum muab tshem tawm, lub pob tw tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov kabmob asymmetrical.
- Pendula Spruce nrog weeping crown thiab heev deviating pob tw.
- Treblish (Treblish). Dwarf spruce nrog ib tug spherical bluish crown.
- Zuckerhut (Zuckerhut). Tuav silvery ntoo nrog ib tug zoo li-puab crown.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yuav kom spruce spruce, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov buds nyob rau ntawm qhov xaus ntawm lub tua.
El Sitinskaya
Nyeem txog spruce thiab piav qhia ntawm nws cov hom, nws yog qhov tsawg kawg yog nrhiav pom zoo li Sitka (Sitchensis). Thiab nws tsis yog ceeb, vim hais tias qhov no loj heev (cov ntoo loj hlob tuaj txog 90 meters) nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub qub Soviet Union yog cultivated tsawg tshaj li ib nrab ntawm ib puas xyoo.
Qhov kev zoo nkauj North American muaj ib lub koob yas thiab nyiaj-ntsuab koob. Cones rau kom loj hlob yog xim daj-ntsuab. Nws yog frost-resistant.
Txawm tias muaj kev loj hlob loj heev hauv cov qus, yog tias koj xav, koj tuaj yeem xaiv Sith spruce rau cog hauv dacha:
- Papus (Papoose). Dwarf spruce nrog ib tug ntom round crown, uas ua pyramidal nrog lub hnub nyoog. Differs nyob rau hauv cov xim ob lub koob yees duab.
- Silberzwerg (Silber Zwerg). Bonsai tsob ntoo nrog ib ncig ntawm crown xim xiav xim.
Spruce brevera
Qhov kev pom zoo no yog me ntsis paub, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws tsis muaj nyob hauv txhua phau catalogs. Txawm tias qhov no, Breverara spruce yog zoo rau cog nyob rau hauv lub vaj: tsob ntoo yog yooj yim kom tswj, Frost-resistant, yam tsis muaj tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau mus rau cov av thiab noo noo, zoo li zoo nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas tua.
Qhov no spruce muaj ib tug weeping duab, ntev (3 cm) ci ntsuab koob. Nws hlob mus txog 10-15 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Nws hlob qeeb - 10-15 cm ib xyoos twg. Lub ntsiab ceg yog teem vertically, nrog me ntsis curved xaus.
Thaum peb kawm tau dab tsi ntawm hom spruce, tsis tshua muaj leej twg yuav tsis tshee rau cov khoom kim heev thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom siv. Peb vam tias qhov tsab xov xwm no yuav pab koj nrhiav tau ib tug poj niam zoo nkauj uas yuav zoo siab nrog koj txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws txhua xyoo.
