Yuav kom paub meej phooj ywg tua thiab tau txais ib tug siab zoo sau los ntawm ib lub txaj ntawm txiv lws suav, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau npaj kom cog cov khoom cog rau sowing rau hauv av.
Cov paub gardeners paub yuav ua li cas ua lws suav cov noob muaj zog thiab resistant rau tsawg kub thiab tsim kho lawv kom loj hlob. Hom no yog qhov sib zog.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, koj yuav kawm txog kev npau taws kom zoo thiab cov hom txiv lws suav xav tau qhov kev ua no ntau dua li lwm tus.
Nws yog dab tsi thiab nws yog dab tsi?
Hardening yog ib txoj kev uas ua rau kom tsis muaj cov khoom cog rau txias thiab tsis zoo rau tej qhov chaw. Lws suav - thermophilic kab lis kev cai. Thaum qis ntawm cov av thiab huab cua, cov noob uas tsis tau ua ntej yuav npaj tuag tom qab cog.
Hardening tso cai cog lws suav noob nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av ob peb hnub ntxov tshaj li niaj zaus., accelerate qhov tshwm sim ntawm seedlings, thiab ntxiv nce ntawm tsis kam ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau hnyav tej yam kev mob ntawm unpredictable Lavxias teb sab caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Puas muaj tiag tiag cov nyhuv?
Cov chaw ntawm hardening lws suav cov noob vim nws high efficiency thiab ib tug zoo siv on qoob loo zoo. Nyhuv:
Lub lws suav zus los ntawm cov noob npaj yuav zoo thiab tsim tawm ntawm 10 ° S, thaum twg cov kab lis kev cai feem ntau nres pheej loj ntawm 12 ° S.- Nws yog sau tseg tias txiv lws suav los ntawm cov noob hnyav muab 20-30% tawm ntau dua lwm tus.
- Txiv lws suav zus los ntawm cov noob hnyav yog 40% tsis tshua muaj kab mob rau cov kab mob hu ua fungal and infected diseases (xws li lig blight).
- Tua tuaj tshwm sim ntau dua qub dua qub dua qub dua li 7-10 hnub.
- Npaj noob tsis tuag txawm thaum lub caij luv luv frosts, uas tso cai rau koj thaj av 1-1.5 lub lis piam ua ntej tshaj li niaj zaus.
Lub lws suav zus los ntawm cov noob npaj yuav zoo thiab tsim tawm ntawm 10 ° S, thaum twg cov kab lis kev cai feem ntau nres pheej loj ntawm 12 ° S.Zaub cog qoob kuj tseem nco ntsoov tias kev kho tshuaj kho mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov saj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo: lawv ua cov kua qab thiab muaj qab zib. Seedlings ntawm noob npaj nyob rau hauv no yam tseem muaj ntau ruaj khov thiab muaj peev xwm.
Yuav ua li cas ntau yam ntawm txiv lws suav yuav tsum tempered?
Yuav kom nce lub tsis kam ntawm noob mus rau ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob, muaj ntau yam ntawm lws suav yuav tsum tau hardened, tsis hais seb tus mob ntawm ntxiv cultivation: nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av los yog nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev xog paj.
Txawm li cas los ntau so xav tau hardening thaum ntxov ripe ntau yam:
- Sanka;
- Parodist;
- Marisha;
- F1 Legionnaire;
- Maxim;
- Cupid F1;
- F1 menyuam roj hmab;
- Gina;
- Don Juan;
- Valentine;
- Benito F1;
- Tawg;
- Alpha;
- Aphrodite.
Cov ntau yam loj hlob tsawg (txog 50-60 cm) thiab yog haum rau cultivation hauv central Russia.
Yuav ua li cas rau harden: kauj ruam los ntawm kauj ruam qhia
Ua ntej hardening lub noob nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua kom zoo zoo thiab txheeb cov loj noob ntawm daim ntawv tseeb. - tsuas yog lawv haum rau kev npaj ntxiv. Tom qab ntawd lub noob yog disinfected, soaked thiab ces hardened.
Ntawm ntau txoj kev ntawm cov txiv lws suav uas tawv tawv ua ntej cog, muaj ob qho ntawm nrov tshaj plaws: nyob hauv tub yees thiab hauv tej yam ntuj tso.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Hardening yog tsis haum rau crooked noob: raws li ib tug ntawm txias kev kho mob, germinated cog cov khoom poob lub meej mom ntawm lub plhaub thiab pib rot.
Nyob rau hauv lub fridge
Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj los npaj cov khoom cog rau sowing. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv kev kho mob luv luv ntawm noob nrog tsis kub.
Kev qhia:
- Swollen cov noob yuav tsum tau tso tawm ntawm ntau cov dej noo tom qab soaking thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tub yees, teem qhov ntsuas kub ua ntej los ntawm 0 rau -3 ° C.
- Cia tawm rau 20 xuab moos.
- Tshem tawm hauv lub tub yees thiab tawm ntawm qhov chaw sov li (txog 20 ° C) rau 5-6 teev kom sov.
- Muab tso rau hauv qhov cub dua.
- Cov theem ntawm kev txias thiab cua sov yuav tsum tau hloov rau 5-6 hnub.
Cov tswv yim rau hardening noob nyob rau hauv lub fridge:
Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso
Kev qhia:
- Kev ntub o o tuaj yeem yuav tsum muab qhwv rau hauv ib daim ntaub los yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub hnab ntaub.
- Khaws rau ntawm qhov chaw sov li 12 teev.
- Siv tawm lub hnab ntawm cov noob mus rau hauv txoj kev thiab tso nws nyob rau hauv lub snow rau 12 teev.
- Qhov no alternation yuav siv sij hawm 7-12 hnub, tom qab uas cov khoom yog npaj rau cog.
Koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias qhov kub ntawm qhov npav tsis poob qis tshaj -3 ° C, txwv tsis pub lub noob yuav tuag. Los tswj kom siv tus pas ntsuas, ua ntu zus mus rau hauv cov daus. Cov kws cog qoob cog qoob yuav tau muab cov khoom cog rau hauv cov daus thaum nruab hnub, thiab nqa lub tsev thaum hmo ntuj - tsuas yog qhov no koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas qhov kub ntawm cov noob uas nyob ntawm txoj kev.
Yuav ua li cas tiv tau nrog cov teeb meem?
Lub ntsiab yuam kev ua rau lub deterioration ntawm cog cov khoom:
- txias qhuav noob;
- kev siv cov noob nrog txo viability (tua tau ntau tshaj 2 xyoos dhau los);
- subcooling noob.
Cov xwm txheej kom ua tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws:
- Nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov noob nyob twj ywm ntub thaum lub sijhawm hardening, thiab me ntsis moisten lawv nrog dej yog hais tias lawv tau qhuav.
Tsis txhob quench qub noob - tom qab tus txheej txheem feem ntau ntawm cov khoom cog poob nws muaj peev xwm mus germinate. Hardened tsuas yog 1-2-xyoo-laus noob uas tsis tau ploj lawv lub zog.- Tsuas yog cov noob uas swoll tom qab soaking yog hardened.
- Ua ntej txoj kev, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txheeb thiab pov tseg tag nrho cov noob me me ntawm tsis zoo nkauj - xws li cov ntaub ntawv yog tsis haum rau cog.
- Kev hnyav yuav muab cov nyhuv zoo tshaj plaws nrog rau lwm cov kev ua npaj ua kom tiav (tua kab mob, ua npuas, soaking).
- Yog hais tias cov noob yuav tau txais, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas daim ntawv lo: lawv yuav muaj teeb meem lawm. Rov ua qhov txheej txheem tsis tuaj yeem ua.
- Rau tag nrho cov hardening, nws yog pom zoo kom maj nce qhov chaw nyob lub sij hawm ntawm cog cov khoom nyob rau ntawm ib tug tsawg kub - qhov no txoj kev lub noob yuav tau siv kom txias sai sai.
- Thaum tawv qhwv ntawm txoj kev yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cua hlob.
Tsis txhob quench qub noob - tom qab tus txheej txheem feem ntau ntawm cov khoom cog poob nws muaj peev xwm mus germinate. Hardened tsuas yog 1-2-xyoo-laus noob uas tsis tau ploj lawv lub zog.Qhia zawm ntawm lws suav cov noob yog ib qho guarantee ntawm high tsis kam ntawm qoob loo rau tsawg kub thiab ib tug nplua nuj six sau. Muaj coob tus tsis xav txog txoj kev no, tab sis kom tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov lwj noob hnoos yuav tsum tsim nyog.
