Cherry

Cherry ntau yam "Nochka": yees duab thiab piav qhia

Thaum xaiv cov nroj tsuag lossis cov ntoo rau lawv lub cuab yeej, txhua tus neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov tsom ntsoov rau qhov fecundity ntawm ntau yam, tab sis cov kev cai rau cog thiab loj hlob ua si lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov kev xaiv. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog tus yam ntxwv thiab cov cwj pwm ntawm kev kho mob rau lub viv Ncuaj "Hmo", uas muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsim zoo dua nrog cov niaj zaus ntau yam ntawm cherries.

Kev piav qhia thiab yam ntxwv

"Nochka" yog ib qho txawv Cherry, vim nws yog ib tus "niam txiv" yog lub qab zib cherry. Raws li ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm kev hla cov tsiaj, ib tsob ntoo tshwm nrog hom branching ntawm ib tug thiab cov duab ntawm lub crown ntawm lwm.

Ntoo

Qhov nruab nrab-tuab tsob ntoo loj hlob mus txog peb meters ntawm qhov siab thiab yog qhov txawv ntawm ib tug broad-pyramidal crown ntawm medium thickening. Tsaus ntsuab, glossy leafy daim hlau yog me ntsis loj tshaj cov qauv ntawm cov qauv, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog sau nyob rau hauv txhuam ntawm 6-8 daim txhua. Thawj paj tshwm rau ntawm tsob ntoo twb nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis, ntawm chav kawm, yog hais tias huab cua yog meej thiab sov sab nraum.

Koj puas paub? Qhov ntau "Nochka" tau los ntawm hla lub ntau yam ntawm "Nord Star" thiab qab zib Cherry "Valery Chkalov". Authorship belongs rau Ukrainian breeder L. I. Taranenko.
Cherry tua yog erect thiab tus, kom them nrog maub xim av bark, thiab lub buds nyob rau lawv yog cov uas zoo sib xws rau Cherry. Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, txawm "Nochka" yog suav hais tias yog Cherry, nyob rau hauv ntau qhov nws yog ib qho yooj yim Cherry qab zib.
Ntsuam xyuas cov nuances kev cog qoob loo xws li "Rooj Sib Tham", "Putinka", "Shpanka", "Precious Carmine", "Winter Pomegranate", "Ashinskaya", "Turgenevka", "Vladimirskaya", "Shchedraya", "Zhukovsky" , "Izobilnaya", "Morozovka", "Ural Ruby", "Mayak", "Kharitonovskaya", "Molodezhnaya", "Dub Loj".

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov uas muaj peev xwm tshaj li ntawm 7 g.

Los ntawm sab nraud, cherries yog them nrog tsaus liab glossy tawv. Ripe fruits muaj ib tug ntxiag, tab sis me ntsis qaub saj (reminiscent ntawm Cherry), tab sis lawv tsis hnov ​​tsw yog es Cherry. Lub pob zeb yog tus dawb cais tawm ntawm lub pulp, thiaj li hais tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau yooj yim npaj rau noj los yog ua. Qhov qhab nees ntawm cov qib no yog 4.6 points.

Ib co nta ntawm ntau yam

Txhua yam nroj tsuag muaj ntau yam nws muaj tus yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau lawv cov cog qoob loo hauv cheeb tsam thaj tsam thiab cov kev cai rau cov txheej txheem no. Xav txog lub ntsiab nuances uas tsim nyog xav tias thaum cog cov cherry "Hmo ntuj".

Lub caij ntuj no hardiness thiab tus kab mob tsis kam

Ntxiv nrog rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws saj, tus piav Cherry muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm qhov tsav, cov uas tsis nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kawg yog high Frost tsis kam thiab zoo tsis kam mus rau ntau yam ailments.

Nws yuav pab tau rau koj los nyeem txog txoj kev tswj cov kab mob loj thiab kab tsuag ntawm cherries.

Vim nws tsis kam, "Nochka" feem ntau loj tuaj thiab tsim txawm nyob hauv thaj tsam uas muaj cov kab mob loj heev (txog li -30 degrees), tsis tas yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kev kho mob los ntawm kab los yog kab mob.

Pollinators

Ib qho ntawm cov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm "Hmo" yog nws tus kheej-ntxiv lawm, uas yog vim li cas lwm cherries yuav tsum tau cog ze: "Hluas", "Nord Star", "Lubskaya", "Meteor". Nws kuj yuav zoo kom tau txais ib lub qab zib Cherry "Tenderness", uas yog tsis muaj zuj zus tshaj qhov kev tiv thaiv nrog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm pollinator.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov ntoo no tsis pub tshaj plaub caug ciav, thiab nws yog ib lub tswv yim kom tsis txhob cog lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lawv (yuav tsis muaj lub paj hlwb xa mus rau ib tsob ntoo kua lossis pear).

Ripening lub sij hawm thiab tawm los

Qhov piav ntau yam yuav hu ua nruab nrab thaum ntxov, txij li cherries ripen ze rau nruab nrab los yog thaum xaus ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj. Tsob ntoo ncav cuag nws cov ncov ntawm yield ntawm 12 xyoo, tab sis nquag fruiting yog pom twb nyob rau hauv peb lub xyoo tom qab cog. Hmoov tsis, nws yuav tsis tau mus sau ntau tshaj li 10 kg ntawm ib tug qoob loo los ntawm ib tug ib Cherry, tab sis qhov no yog tag nrho compensated los ntawm saj cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Tsheb thauj mus los

Nrog rau cov khoom tsim nyog, qhov peev xwm ntawm cov "Nochka" ntau yam yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Nrog los yog tsis muaj ceg, koj yuav muaj peev xwm coj tau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo mus rau qhov ntev ntev, uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum loj zuj zus rau kev lag luam.

Kev taw qhia

Txiav drupes yog zoo heev rau ob qho tib si tshiab thiab rau ua rau compotes, jams, jams, marshmallow thiab lwm hom kev npaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj peev xwm yuav qhuav thiab khov, thiab nrog preservation ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tseem ceeb. Qhov no yog txoj kev daws thoob plaws rau txhua lub koomhaum.

Tej kev mob loj hlob

Ua ntej cog ntau yam ntawm nws qhov chaw uas zoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab ua ntej qhov chaw tsim nyog rau nws. Qhov no version ntawm Cherry ntoo yuav loj hlob zoo xwb on me ntsis acidic thiab fertile xau, zoo zes los ntawm lub hnub thiab kaw los ntawm Sudden gusts ntawm cua.

Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua rau hauv qhov tob ntawm qhov dej, vim hais tias tsob ntoo yuav tsis muaj peev xwm txhim kho txhua zaus nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lawv qhov kev txua.

Tsav cov cai

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau cog cherries rau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog suav hais tias yog mus rau thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, txij thaum lub sij hawm lub caij nplooj zeeg nqa tawm tus txheej txheem, qhov tsis paub qab hau yuav khov nyob rau lub caij ntuj no.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov ntau "Nochka" yog sawv cev los ntawm cov ntoo loj loj uas muaj cov kab sib txuas, yog li thaum cog qoob cog qoob loo ntawm lawv, nws yuav tsum tawm mus tsawg kawg ntawm tsib metres ntawm qhov chaw dawb.

Rau qhov no yog vim li cas, txawm yuav ntawv luam nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg nws yog ntshaw kom txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav, muab lawv ib ntus nyob rau hauv ib tug txias cellar los yog dug nyob rau hauv cov av. Thaum lub sij hawm los, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag raug tshem tawm ntawm cia thiab tom qab ib qho kev soj ntsuam tag nrho (koj xav tau kom paub tseeb ntawm viability ntawm seedling) raug xa mus rau cog.

Peb qhia koj kom nyeem txog kev cog qoob loo hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Cov txheej txheem no yuav ua rau ua ob peb yam ua:

  1. 14 hnub ua ntej kev hloov ua ke, cov av hauv cheeb tsam xaiv yuav tsum tau khawb thiab fertilized nrog cov organic sib txuas, thiab thaum muaj acidity ib yuav tau ntxiv dolomite hmoov los yog hmoov kua qaub rau lub substrate.
  2. Ib lub lim tiam ua ntej cog, koj muaj peev xwm khawb ib tug cog aub tsiv, qhov loj ntawm uas nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 60 x 60 cm.
  3. Nws yog tseem ceeb kom sib tov sab saum toj txheej ntawm tshem tawm av nrog humus thiab xuab zeb, npaum li cas nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag proportions, thiab tsuas yog tom qab uas sau lub qab ntawm aub tsiv. Qhov ntxiv mus yuav yog ib txheej ntawm av av (tsis muaj chiv).
  4. Ob peb teev ua ntej qhov kev cog ntawm cherries, cov av hauv cog cog yuav tsum tau moistened, yog li hais tias los ntawm lub sij hawm lub seedling yog muab tso rau lub noo noo yog twb yaim.
  5. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cog, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau khaws cia vertically, zoo straightening tag nrho nws cov keeb kwm.
  6. From saum toj no, lub sapling paus system yog ntim nrog lub tshuav av, tab sis tsuas yog li ntawd tias hauv paus ntseg tsho nyob saum toj siab cov av. Tag nrho cov voids tsim nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum tau sau los ntawm tsuas yog tamping cia lub substrate.
  7. Thaum kawg ntawm cog qoob loo ntawm lub qhov ntiav thiab ncuav txog 10 liters dej rau hauv nws (yog tias koj xav, koj tuaj yeem mulch lub cev ntoo nrog sawdust los yog humus).
Yees duab: cog cherries

Yuav tu li cas

Rau kev loj hlob sai thiab kev loj hlob, tag nrho cov ntoo xav tau kev txij nkawm, thiab cherries yog tsis muaj kev zam. Sawv Cev ntawm qhov piav qhia ntau yam yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai ntawm dej, fertilizer, mulching thiab loosening, tab sis nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim nyog saib qhov teeb meem ntawm pruning ntoo.

Hybrid cherries thiab cherries pruned li cherries, shortening ib lub xyoo nce ntawm 1/3 ntawm nws ntev, uas yog tseem ceeb rau qhov tseeb tsim ntawm lub crown. Cia siv sij hawm saib tag nrho cov nta ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm "Nochka".

Watering

Tom qab cog ib lub seedling ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, nws pib ib qho kev loj hlob sai ntawm hauv paus system, vim hais tias ntawm cov nroj tsuag xav tau kev ncua thiab ntau watering. Thaum lub sijhawm qhuav, koj yuav tau muab tsob ntoo tsob ntoo tsawg kawg peb zaug rau ib lub caij, ntim tsawg kawg li 15 litres dej nyob hauv txhua lub yub. Cov neeg laus hybrids zam drought zoo, yog li ntawd ntxiv watering yog tsis tsim nyog. Tshaj dhau dej nyab tsis tsim nyog nws, vim hais tias stagnant noo noo yuav ua rau lub hauv paus system mus rau rot. Waterlogging ua rau cov kab nrib pleb rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm pob tw thiab ceg ntoo, vim tias muaj cov pos hniav tshwm tuaj.

Cov dej yooj yim yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm flowering ntawm cov ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening, thiab 2-3 lub lis piam ua ntej sau pib, nws yog ntshaw kom nres daim ntawv thov kua rau hauv cov av.

Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws

Cov qhab-nees "Nochka" tsis tas yuav tsum tau chiv ntau, thiab yog tias cov khoom noj tau muab ntxiv rau qhov pit thaum cog, qhov kev pub mis ntxiv tom ntej yuav ua tau tom qab tau tsib xyoos. Rau qhov kev npaj ntawm nutrient sib tov, nws yog txaus kom tov 0.5 thoob ntawm mullein nrog ob ntawm tib thoob ntawm dej huv thiab 0.5 kg ntawm tshauv. Tom qab ib lub lim tiam ntawm Txoj kev lis ntshav thiab kev ceev faj straining, no nutrient loj yog tsuas yog nchuav nyob rau hauv tsob ntoo, ntawm tus nqi ntawm 0.5 thoob ib nroj. Yuav ua li cas thiaj li muaj cov qoob loo, tsuas yog ob qho kev pab no txaus, ua rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab thaum lub sij hawm flowering, thiab nrog rau tuaj txog lub caij nplooj zeeg, koj yuav ntxiv sprinkle ib tug sib tov ntawm phosphoric (200 g) thiab potash (80 g) chiv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub crown perimeter.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nitrogen-muaj lub tebchaw yuav tsum tau kho nrog tshwjxeeb, vim tias qhov ntau ntawm qhov kev tivthaiv no yuav ua rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov yas.

Kev tu xyuas av

Cov neeg laus cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj peev xwm tiv taus lwm yam kev nyuab, tab sis, lawv kuj xav tau sij hawm tillage hauv cov ntoo. Yog li ntawd, txhua zaus tom qab watering cov av, nws yog ntshaw kom loosen thiab tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag nroj tsuag ntawm nws, thiab nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm tus txheej txheem, no thaj tsam yuav mulched nrog peat, straw, los yog me ntsis qhuav nyom. Mulching pab khaws cov dej noo thiab inhibits qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov sij hawm los nag nws yog qhov zoo dua kom tshem tawm cov txheej rau thiaj li tiv thaiv sediment stagnation nyob rau hauv hauv paus system ntawm "Nochki".

Pruning

Cov ntaub ntawv cog lus ntawm cherry ua ntej qhov pib ntawm lub fruiting lub sij hawm yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev loj hlob sai heev, yog li ntawd sanitary pruning yog ib qho ntawm lub obligatory thiab kev ntsuas nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm cov piav ntau yam.

Kawm ntxiv txog cov cai ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn pruning Cherry.

Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem yog ua rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab ua ntej hibernation, tshem tag nrho tawg, qhuav thiab khov nab, thiab txhua xyoo ceg txiav tsuas yog 1/3 ntawm lawv ntev. Tag nrho cov hauj lwm yuav ua tau nrog ntse vaj txiab, thiab nws yog advisable mus kho tam sim ntawd kho cov ntsiab lus nrog ib tug vaj bar.

Yees duab: Cherry pruning

Npaj rau lub caij ntuj no

Raws li peb tau sau tseg ua ntej, tus Cherry "Nochka" yog qhov txawv ntawm lub siab tsis kam mus txias, txawm li ntawd los, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm muaj zog frosts, nws yog ntshaw kom npaj ib lub vaj tse (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag).

Cov dej sib xyaw nrog cov hmoov txhuam hniav yuav pab tiv thaiv tsob ntoo ntawm cov khaub thuas, uas yuav tsum tau tas li nyob rau hauv lub cev, tab sis yog hais tias nas yog tseem nyob hauv koj lub vaj teb, ces koj tuaj yeem qhwv lub pob tw nrog ob txheej khaub zuaj thiab ntaub qhwv cov khoom rau saum. Nws yog ntshaw kom tiv thaiv cov tub ntxhais hluas saplings nrog hlau thooj voos, uas hnub no yog yooj yim mus nrhiav hauv khw muag khoom.

Koj puas paub? Lub teb chaws tsev ntawm Cherry yog suav hais tias yuav yog ib thaj chaw ntawm niaj hnub no Iran, tab sis nyob rau Lavxias teb sab nws tsuas tshwm nyob rau hauv lub xyoo XIY thiab thaum xub thawj tsis nrov tshwj xeeb.

Muaj zog thiab qaug zog

Muaj ntau tus gardeners twb paub thiab hlub tus tsi ntawm "Nochka" ntau heev, feem ntau muab kev nyiam rau nws. Qhov no tsis yog xav tsis thoob, vim hais tias cov kev pab ntawm loj hlob xws li ib tug ntau ntawm xws li ib tug ntau:

  1. Nws yog zoo heev tiv thaiv frosts, thiaj li hais tias cultivation yog ua tau nyob rau hauv feem ntau sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm lub teb chaws nrog ib tug unfavorable kev nyab xeeb.
  2. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau ntau yam kab mob thiab kab tsuag (qhov no ua kom yooj yim rau kev kho mob, vim hais tias kev tiv thaiv tsuas yog kev kho mob rau ob peb xyoo).
  3. Nqa ib qho zoo sau ntawm six thiab loj berries ntawm universal lub sij hawm uas dhau li muaj kev lag luam zoo tshaj plaws.
  4. Txheeb ze kev txhawj xeeb thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau ywg dej los sis ua kom cov nroj tsuag.
Peb pom zoo kom tau acquainted nrog kev piav qhia ntawm loj-fruited, medium thiab thaum ntxov ntau yam ntawm cherries.

Raws li cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog ntawm "Hmo", lawv muaj tsawg dua yields (tsuas yog 10 kg txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ib tsob ntoo) thiab qhov loj loj ntawm tsob ntoo nws tus kheej (thiaj li cog ib lub vaj, koj yuav tsum muaj thaj tsam loj).

Cias muab, yog tias koj cog ntoo txiv ntoo rau koj tus kheej, thiab tsis yog muag, ces "Nochka" yeej tsim nyog koj paub thiab yuav muaj tseeb thov txhua tsev neeg.