Bonsai podokarpus

Bonsai yog Japanese thiab Suav kos duab ntawm kev loj hlob me ntsis ua hauj lwm hauv cov piam thaj uas muaj cov evergreen conifers lossis lwm yam ntoo. Subocarpuses feem ntau siv rau lub hom phiaj no. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav saib xyuas seb yuav cog qoob loo li cas, tu thiab saib xyuas cov paj ntoo no hauv tsev.

Txheem:

• Kis
• Daim ntawv thov lub tsev
• Tu thiab tu hauv tsev
• Xaiv qhov chaw
• Dej thiab noo noo
• Av thiab pub mis
• Hloov
• Tuaj tsim thiab shearing
• Luam los ntawm cuttings

Botanical piav qhia

Cov ntses bonsai ntoo Podocarpus (Bonsai Podocarpus), zus hauv cov tais, yog tsob ntoo maj mam nce ntoo. Muaj lwm lub npe - footpods. Lawv tau muab faib ua tus cuaj caum xyoo, ntawm cov uas muaj ob puas hom ntoo. Muaj ntau ntau hom duab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov nroj tsuag no. Feem ntau - nws yog ib tsob ntoo los yog nroj tsuag, loj hlob los ntawm ib nrab ntawm ib lub meter, ncav ib qhov siab ntawm ob txoj kab.

Podocarpus yog cov txiv neej, cov txheeb ze ze ntawm subocarpus yog cypress, cedar, thuja, larch, ntoo thuv, spruce, araucaria, fir, microbiota, hemlock, yew, juniper.

Lub bark ntawm cov kab laug sab yog tsaus tsaus, thawj txheej thiab homogeneous rau qhov kov, thiab tom qab, nrog lub hnub nyoog, nws tawg thiab nyob rau hauv ib co chaw collapses. Cov ceg thiab stems ncaj, thiab txhav nrog lub hnub nyoog. Tsaus ntsuab nplooj tsis yog koob-puab, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm straps, linear, tab sis tej zaum yuav oval-puab. Nyob rau hauv ntev ncav 7-15 cm thiab 10 cm nyob rau hauv dav. Lawv muaj qhov ci ntsa glossy rau sab pem hauv ntej.

Qhov kev npaj ntawm nplooj on cov ceg ntawm ib co subocarpuses mus nyob rau hauv ib tug spiral, nyob rau hauv lwm tus - nyob rau hauv ob kab horizontally. Ntoo Bloom nrog tswm ciab-puab paj ntawm ob qho tib si, tab sis qee hom yog monoecious paj. Nyob rau hauv tsev, flowering thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsim feem ntau tsis tshwm sim, tab sis txawm tsis muaj lawv, ntoo saib zoo nkauj thiab txaus nyiam. Ib txhia ntawm cov taw yog zus nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb, thiab lawv cov berries yog xam tau. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog xim liab, xiav xiav los yog xiav, lawv tsim nyog rau noj raws li nqaij nyoos los yog pob hau. Lub saj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog Sweet, nrog ib tug nplaum sab hauv.

Txawm tias muaj qhov zoo nraug thiab saj, lawv muaj qee yam toxicity, yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau noj cov sparingly. Hauv Es Xias tshuaj, lawv siv dav.

Koj puas paub? Tus neeg laus tshaj li ntawm 500 xyoo. Nws lub npe hu ua "Imperial peb tiam Tokugawa ntoo thuv". Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj tias Emperor Tokugawa Iemitsu (reigned 1623-1651) pib cultivating nws, tom qab uas cov ntoo twb dhau mus rau txhua lub tom qab lub taub hau ntawm Nyiv.

Podocarp berries

Kawm li cas kom loj hlob cypress, fir, juniper, spruce nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub.

Kis

Lub ntsej muag ntawm cov kws ntsiag to ntawm sub-thaj tsam hauv Suav teb thaum ub tau xeeb ob txhiab xyoo dhau los, thiab rau puas xyoo tom qab, nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm Buddhism hauv Nyij Pooj, nws tau mus rau lub teb chaws no, tau txais ib daim ntawv meej dua thiab muaj tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no, nws ntseeg tau tias tus sau ntawv uas tsim tau zoo li no yuav tsum muaj ntau yam ntawm sab ntsuj plig zoo: kev nkag siab ntawm kev ncaj ncees, kev txawj ntse, kev ua siab zoo thiab kev nyiam huv.

Txog ib puas hom ntawm cov ntoo no tau ri thoob ntiaj teb. Cov chaw uas muaj kev sib tshuam yog qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws yog cov roob nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm New Zealand thiab Chile), sab qaum teb kev coj (los ntawm Nyij Pooj mus Mexico), thiab Southeast Africa, nyob qhov twg, lawv muaj kev vam meej lawm thiab hnub no yog lub caij ua tiav kev puas tsuaj.

Daim ntawv thov lub tsev

Nyob rau hauv Nyiv, tsev neeg bonsai podocarpus yog zus, li no dhau mus rau yav tom ntej tiam. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub tsev sab hauv tuaj yeem ua neej nyob rau ntau pua xyoo, yog li ntawd lawv feem ntau ua heirlooms.

Cov pej xeem ntseeg hais tias cov ntoo me me no, yog tias muab tso rau hauv tsev, tuaj yeem txuam nrog cov hluav taws xob. Lawv ntseeg tias yog tias koj ua raws li Taoist kev coj ntawm lub cim lub koom haum ntawm qhov chaw (Feng Shui), ces koj tuaj yeem ua cov dej ntws thiab coj lawv mus raws li siab xav.

Nrhiav kom paub seb yam dab tsi ua rau daim npav bonsai.

Tu thiab tu hauv tsev

Ua ntej koj pib cog qoob loo, koj yuav tsum xav txog ntau yam tseem ceeb:

1. Txoj haujlwm no ntev heev thiab tsis yooj yim, yog li cog qoob cog ntoo, koj xav tau yam tsawg 4 xyoo - qhov ntawd ntev npaum li cas nws yuav siv sij hawm tua cov noob thiab ua ib qho qis.
2. Cov kws kho mob tsis pom zoo kom yuam kev cov nroj tsuag me me rau hauv cov nquab: kom loj hlob me me ntoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua yuav cog cov nroj tsuag ntawm qhov loj me me los yog siv cov noob rau qhov no.
3. Nws yog preferable mus xaiv ib tug loj-leaved ko taw, Nagi, Totara.

Koj puas paub? Cov ntoo feem ntau ntev-ntev-ntev yog redwoods - hnub no muaj qee cov nroj tsuag uas muaj 4,000 xyoo.

Xaiv qhov chaw

Zoo li lwm yam nroj tsuag, nyob sab hauv tsev bonsai xav tau huab cua txaus thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo. Txwv tsis pub, cov no tsis yog cov nroj tsuag ceev heev uas tuaj yeem tau cog noob ntawm verandas los yog balconies, xaiv qhov chaw rau lawv nrog rau lub sij hawm luv luv ntawm raug rau cov sab nrauv ntawm lub hnub thiab qhov kub zoo rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov nroj tsuag kub-hlub, yog li qhov ntsuas kub zoo rau lawv yog:

• nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov - tsis pub tshaj +20 ° S;
• nyob rau lub caij ntuj no - los ntawm + 6 txog + 15 ° S: yog lub caij ntuj no sov tshaj cov duab, ces tus taw yuav tuag taus.

Thaum tu cov ntoo ntsiab, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws yooj yim tuaj yeem sab nraum zoov, vim huab cua yuav tsis qhuav rau lawv. Qhov tsuas yog uas yuav tsum tau pom thaum loj hlob Podocarpus nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb yog los them rau lawv nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov los ntawm scorching lub hnub, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no kom npog lawv los ntawm cov cua thiab nag lossis daus.

Muaj cov ntoo tshwj xeeb uas tau tsim rau cov neeg mob hauv tsev, vim li ntawd lawv tsis xav tu thiab ntau dua, tab sis lawv tseem xav tau cov av qeeg, lawv yuav tsum tau ceev ceev ntawm cov cua sov. Lwm yam tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub cultivation ntawm me me ntoo nyob rau tom tsev yog hais tias lawv tsis zam drafts.

Kawm dab tsi yog txoj cai dav dav rau kev loj hlob bonsai ntawm cov nroj tsuag sib txawv.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv peb temperate latitudes, lub hnub yog luv dua nyob rau hauv lub tropics, qhov twg leg-txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tsim rau lawv ntxiv qhov chaw ntawm illumination, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo sib txawv siv rau kev noj qab nyob zoo sib txawv rau cov teeb pom kev zoo, nrog rau cov kev cai sib txawv rau lawv qhov kev tso kawm. Yog li, nws yuav tsum tau mus xyuas cov kws txawj los yog cov neeg muag khoom hauv lub khw muag khoom txhua yam no.

Dej thiab noo noo

Thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws xav tau heev dej, thaum tsis sau lub earthen chav. Cov av yuav tsum tau tas li moistened, txawm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no. Thaum lub caij ntuj no, nws tsis tas yuav tsob ntoo rau ntau lub phom nrog rab phom, tiam sis lub da dej sov so yuav tsim nyog (tag nrho cov nuances no siv rau cov nroj tsuag hauv chav pw).

Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, watering thiab spraying yuav tsum ntau tshaj. Yog tias koj tso cai rau thaj av qhuav tawm hauv paj ntoo, ces koj yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv loj loj thiab nchuav dej tuaj kom lub ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv lub paj xaib nrog noo noo.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Dej cov ko taw ntawm cov dej haus uas tsis huv, yav dhau los tswm rau 24 xuab moos kom tshem tau cov tshuaj chlorine.

Av thiab pub mis

Rau dwarf leg-growers xav tau tshwj xeeb noo noo-intensive thiab xoob lub ntiaj teb. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tau txais cov av zoo rau cog cov nroj tsuag me me hauv cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb. Yuav kom muaj kev pom kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, cov kua dej kuj tsim nyog.

Koj yuav tsum tau noj cov ntoo hauv lub caij ntuj sov thaum lub sij hawm muaj kev loj hlob, tsawg kawg yog 1 zaug hauv ib lub hlis. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, to top hnav khaub ncaws yuav tsum muaj sim. Ua li no, siv kua chiv rau coniferous nroj tsuag: qhov pom zoo koob tshuaj yog diluted nyob rau hauv dej, thiab lub resulting daws yog watered nrog ib earthen clod.

Koj tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si ua organic thiab inorganic. Ob zaug ib xyoos koj yuav tsum tau noj ib qho me me ntawm cov hlau chelate.

Hloov

Hloov ko taw tsis tshua thiab tsuas yog thaum tsob ntoo xav tau. Feem ntau cov txheej txheem no yog ua tiav thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Subocarpus hloov tawm ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj mus txog Lub Peb Hlis, nrog rau kev txiav cov hauv qab ntawm cov hauv paus hniav Ntawm no yog ib co tswv yim pom zoo rau kev hloov cov ntswg ntoo:

1. Yog tias cov menyuam hnav cov menyuam yaus no, lawv yuav tsum rov qab kho dua txhua lub xyoo rau hauv lub lauj kaub loj, thiab cov ntoo ntawm cov laus tuaj ib xyoo ob (2-4 xyoo).
2. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua lub transshipment ntawm cov ntoo, yog li ntawd raws li tau kom tsis txhob disturb lub mycelium ntawm nceb pab rau lub footpod.
3. Thaum transplanting, ib feem peb ntawm cov hauv paus hniav raug txiav, thiab cov nroj tsuag yog immersed nyob rau hauv ib qho nruab nrab substrate: cov av rau transshipment yuav tsum muaj ntawm humus ntawm coniferous bark, nrog ntxiv ntawm av thiab xuab zeb.

Tuaj tsim thiab shearing

Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tsim kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag me me yog kom tsis tu ncua txiav cov yas thiab cov twigs.

Bonsai kuj tsim los ntawm cov ficus ntawm microcarp, boxwood, pyracanthus, Benjamin ficus, cryptomeria, Murayi, Tolstians, adeniums.

Bonsai ntoo raug txiav hauv ob txoj kev:

1. Kev tu plaub hau kom zoo li qub.
2. Trimming los tsim style thiab cov duab ntawm bonsai.

Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj zaug, lub apical dominance ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog npaum li cas mus rau hauv tus account, uas yog, lub ntuj ib txwm ntawm apical thiab lateral ceg loj hlob upwards mus rau lub hnub ci, thaum loj hlob disproportionately thiab poob deg lub puab thiab qis tua. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo phim lub tsho thiab sab tua nrog txiab kom cov nroj tsuag tom qab faib cov kev lag luam kom puab thiab sab hauv cov yas.

Tsis txhob ntshai kom tsis tu ncua txiav lawv cov ntoo, qhov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau nqa tawm thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho lawv qhov kev loj hlob. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov ntoo loj tuaj yeem ua kom sib npaug thiab tsim cov nplooj ntoos loj. Yog hais tias nws yog ib tug coniferous ntoo, ces nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau mus rau trim nws, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau pluck nws manually.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yuav kom tsob ntoo bonsai tom qab qhov pruning sai sai thiab tsis mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntub cov seem nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb sib tov rau lawv processing.

Thaum tsim ib cov style thiab daim ntawv, koj yuav tsum xav txog qee yam kev cai tswj hwm:

1. Yuav pib, xav thiab saib koj tus ntoo seb nws lub neej yav tom ntej zoo li cas.
2. Tsim kom tsawg li sai tau bonsai nrog lub zoo meej proportions: qhov siab ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab lub thickness ntawm lub pob tw yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 7 (piv txwv li, ib pob tw nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 3 cm thiab ib qhov siab ntawm 21 cm).
3. Sab saum toj ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau qhia tsuas yog upwards.
4. Rau lub caij pib, sturdier thiab ntev tua raug txiav, raws li lawv yog cov nyuaj rau kev tswj thiab paub zoo.
5. Kev loj hlob ntawm sab ceg yuav tsum sib zog nruj heev rau sab.
6. Cov ceg nyob rau hauv lub foreground ntawm bonsai raug muab tshem tawm, thiab tsuas yog me me sawv daws yuav tsum tau sab laug rau sab saum toj ntawm lub crown.
7. Bush yuav tsuas yog qis ib feem ntawm lub crown.
8. Qhov qis tshaj ntawm lub pob tw yog sab laug tsis muaj ceg ntoo (li ib feem peb).
9. Lub ntsiab ceg yog qhia kom loj hlob zoo li tsawg tshaj plaws.
10. Ncau ceg uas loj hlob ntawm tib lub qhov siab thiab nyob ib sab ntawm txhua sab ntawm ob sab ntawm lub pob tw, nws yog qhov zoo dua mus txiav. Tib yam siv rau cov ceg nyob ze ze heev.
11. Thaum saib ntawm saum toj no, qhov kev tso kawm ntawm cov ceg yuav tsum yog tias qee leej tsis sib tsham lwm tus.
12. Tom qab shearing tsob ntoo yuav tsum saib "neeg pluag" tshaj ua ntej.
13. Xav tias qhov tseeb hais tias pruning yog ib tug mob heev rau ib tug nroj tsuag, nws xav tau ib tug 2-lub hnub so ua ntej tus txheej txheem tom ntej.

Luam los ntawm cuttings

Rau reproduction ntawm dwarf legted txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov nram qab no ua yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog lub caij ntuj sov:

1. Nws yog tsim nyog los tsim ib qho tshwj xeeb tsev xog paj rau loj hlob seedlings thiab tswj qhov sov sov kub (tsis qis tshaj + 18-20 ° C).
2. Yuav tsum thev cov xuab zeb ntawm lub qhov cub, cia nws txias thiab ncuav nws mus rau hauv lub khob ntim rau germinating lub cuttings.
3. Los ntawm ib tug noj qab haus huv tsob ntoo, txiav tawm ib soj caum nrog ib tug ntev ntawm 10-15 cm los yog ua tib zoo txiav nws ncaj los ntawm luj.
4. Yuav kom hmoov ib tug tua nrog lub hauv paus stimulator thiab cog rau hauv lub peev xwm nrog xuab zeb.
5. Phytohormones ntawm txoj kev loj hlob yuav tsum muab ntxiv rau cov av.
6. Yuav tsum hauv qab cua sov ntawm cov av.

Yog hais tias tag nrho cov cai no raug pom, rooting ntawm txiav yuav siv nyob rau hauv 2-3 lub hlis.

Kawm yuav ua li cas propagate by cuttings ntawm xiav spruce, tui, fir.

Raws li koj tau pom, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev loj hlob bonsai nyob hauv tsev, nws yog ib tug txheej txheem ntev, yog li no qhov teeb meem xav tau ib txoj kev muaj tswv yim. Tseeb, nyob rau hauv qhov, conifers loj hlob rau ib lub sij hawm ntev heev, thiab lawv cov ntsias analogs yog tsis kos. Vim li no, koj yuav tsum tau ua ntau lub siab ntev, thiab tom qab ntawd nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov kev xav tau.

Yees duab: Bonsai Podocarpus

Yuav ua li cas loj hlob Podocarpus: xyuas