Rau cov neeg uas nyiam ua kom zoo nkauj rau hauv lawv lub tsev nrog cov nroj tsuag txawv txawv thiab txawv, peb qhia koj saib Carissa los yog chav plums. Kev kho mob rau nws yog tsis nyuaj, tab sis nws blooms heev beautifully. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub qhib tua los yog nrog phau ntawv pollination, nws coj delicious txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yuav ua li cas saib xyuas Carissa tom tsev thiab dab tsi muaj teeb meem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nyeem peb cov khoom.
Kev piav qhia
Carissa (Latina Carissa) - Qhov no yog tsob ntoo thoob ntoo los yog ib tsob ntoo me me, uas cov khub botanists nyob ntawm Kutrov tsev neeg. Nyob rau hauv qus, nws yog ntseeg tau branched, thiab lub pob tw hlob mus txog rau 8 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Lub crown yuav raws li thoob plaws raws li lub pob tw. Nyob rau ceg muaj thorns. Cov nplooj yog oblong nyob rau hauv cov duab, nyob rau hauv ntev ntawm 3 mus rau 8 cm. Lawv feem sab yog wax, du, tsaus ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim.
Nyob rau hauv tsev, koj muaj peev xwm loj hlob xws li txawv nroj tsuag: pineapple, calamondin, medlar, kivano, feijoa, rambutan, pomegranate.
Thoob plaws ntawm lub caij cog qoob, Carissa tau them paj zoo nkauj daus dawb los yog liab paj yeeb tsib-lus paj. Lawv tsis hnov tsw zoo nkauj ntawm jasmine, tab sis nws yog weaker. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog magnificently lub Bush yog them nrog paj los ntawm Tej zaum mus rau lub Cuaj Hli. 
Cov nroj tsuag coj liab los yog tsaus liab doog berries, resembling ib plum. Lawv qhov loj me ntawm 1.5 mus rau 6 cm ntawm qhov ntev. Thaum twg cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ncav lub ncov ntawm kom loj hlob, nws cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm 6 mus rau 16 pav ca cov noob ntawm xim av xim nqaij los sis cov xim. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj peev xwm noj tau, tag nrho lwm yam nroj tsuag plab hnyuv siab raum yog lom.
Sab qab teb teb chaws Africa raug suav hais tias yog qhov chaw yug ntawm Carissa. Hauv xyoo 1886, nws coj tuaj rau teb chaws As Mes Lis Kas, uas nws tau sim kom cog hauv ntau lub xeev. Txij li thaum xyoo 1905, tau muab cov nroj tsuag tas rau lub Isaias Islands. Txij xyoo 1913, thawj tug tau faib tawm hauv lub Bahamas. Niaj hnub no nws yog dav cultivated nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, East Africa, lub Philippines, thiab cov neeg Ixayees, feem ntau nrog ib tug zoo nkauj lub hom phiaj thiab raws li ib tug tiv cog.
Lub genus Carissa muaj li 35 yam thiab ntau ntau yam. Ntawm lawv yog dwarf, uas yog npaj rau cultivation nyob rau hauv chav tsev tej yam kev mob. Txij li thaum lub nroj tsuag prefers kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib lub chaw kub thiab muaj xyoob ntoo los yog subtropical, nws tsis siv paus nyob rau hauv peb latitudes nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, lub caij ntuj no yog txias heev rau nws. Qhov siab tshaj plaws uas nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv yog txog li -3 ° C (cov tub ntxhais hnav mus txog -1 ° C). 
Koj puas paub? Muaj ntau cov nroj tsuag ntawm Kutrov tsev neeg, piv txwv li, tus neeg tswj thiab pachipodium, yog cais raws li qhov feem ntau txaus ntshai nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Lawv muaj kua txob lacteal (latex), alkaloids, plawv glycosides. Ntawm sab hauv nroj tsuag rau ib tug neeg yog txaus ntshai desert sawv los yog adenium, plumeria, allamand, oleander. Thaum hlob hauv tsev, lawv tsuas yog siv nrog cov hnab looj tes.
Sorta
Ua hauj lwm nrog Carissa, ib txhia breeders cia siab rau nws cov fruiting thiab sim coj tawm ntau yam thiab cov ntaub ntawv nrog high yields, thaum lwm tus neeg suav hais tias zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus lawv lub hom phiaj.
Li ntawd, high-yielding ntau yam zoo nkauj, Torrey Pines, Gifford, Ntxiv Qab Zib, Alles (Chesley) raug bred.
Cov dwarf thiab compact ntau yam, feem ntau nrov: Bonsai, Boxwood Beauty, Dainty ntxhais fuabtais, Grandflora, Ntaub pua tsev ntsuab, Kab rov tav, Txuas ntxiv, Tsawg tub, Minima, Nana, Nana Compacta, Prostrata thiab Tuttlei.
Ntawm hom, plaub feem ntau yog:
- mem hluav (Carissa congesta);
- grandiflora (Carissa grandiflora);
- ob-horned (Carissa bispinosa);
- loj-fruited (Carissa macrocarpa).
Kev Kho Mob
Florists characterize cov kev saib xyuas ntawm Carissa li uncomplicated, tab sis nrog ib txhia teeb meem. Txawm li cas los, lub cultivation ntawm ib lub paj yog ua tau txawm rau beginners.
Teeb pom kev zoo
Raws li ib tug tshav kub-hlub nroj tsuag, sab hauv plum hlub ci thiab ntau teeb. Yog hais tias koj npaj yuav loj hlob Karissa nyob rau windowsill, nws yuav tsum mus rau sab qab teb sab, nyob rau hauv heev zaus - mus rau sab hnub poob los yog sab qab teb-sab hnub poob. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tsum tau kho cov teeb pom kev ntxiv. Txwv tsis pub, yog hais tias muaj ib qho tsis muaj lub teeb, cov ceg yuav kos tawm thiab yog li muaj qhov pom tseeb.
Kub
Lub paj prefers ib chav sov, qhov chaw kub npaum li cas nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov yog khaws cia ntawm 18-25 ° C. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm calm - nyob rau hauv lub Autumn-lub caij ntuj no - lub ntsuas kub ntawm lub txij nkawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau txo kom txog rau 14-18 ° C. Nws yog qhov kev tsim ntawm xws li qhov kub qhov sib txawv uas yuav muab rau cov neeg mob rau ntau tshaj caij nplooj ntoos hlav flowering. Txij thaum lub Peb Hlis mus rau Lub Kaum Hli, cov nroj tsuag yuav khaws cia rau ntawm ib cov glazed loggia los yog ntawm ib lub sam thiaj.
Sam lub chaw yuav raug yoog rau kev cog vaj thiab vaj cog qoob loo. Kawm yuav ua li cas cog cucumbers, gladioli, marigolds, Sweet peas, dill on lub lawj.
Av
Rau cov av ntawm Carissa tsis muaj kev tshwj xeeb. Lub ntsiab mob yog acidity qeeb. Nws hlob zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov av thiab humus av. Muaj peev xwm zam saline xau.
Watering
Carissa yuav tsum tau ywg dej tsis tu ncua, tab sis tsis muaj ntau. Lub paj no muaj peev xwm ntxeem ib lub caij luv luv-nyob, tab sis nws tsis zoo nrog lub bays - nrog ib tug muaj zog waterlogging, putrid txheej txheem ntawm lub keeb kwm thiab lub qia yuav pib.
Qhov tseeb hais tias cov nroj tsuag xav tau kev tau watered yog evidenced by ziab ntawm saum txheej ntawm av.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Potted nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau watered tsuas yog nrog ib tug mos, sov so rau ob peb hnub. los ntawm dej (tsis pub tshaj 20 ° C). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau dej yog thawed los yog rainwater.
Humidity
Rau humidity, lub nroj yog tsis demanding. Nws zoo sib npaug zoo cua qhuav hauv ib chav tsev thaum lub sij hawm cua sov rau lub caij thiab humidified nrog kev pab los ntawm tshwj xeeb khoom. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws humidity rau kev loj hlob Carissa yog khaws cia ntawm 45-55%.
Periodically, cov nroj tsuag tau da dej hauv qab da dej sov los yog tshuaj tsuag. Nws yuav ntxuav cov plua plav tawm ntawm sab hauv, ntawm cov nplooj yuav tuaj yeem ua pa zoo.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Pub cov chav hauv tsev yuav tsum muaj txhua xyoo. Qhov pom kev noj yog txhua zaug 14-21 hnub.
Rau ntau tshaj flowering phosphate chiv yog yuav tsum tau. Nrog rau thaum pib ntawm lub caij loj hlob yuav tsum tau qhia txog hlau. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, yuav tsum tau pub cov zaub mov. 
Pruning
Raws li txoj cai, Carissa tsim cov lush yas, yog li ntawd, muab nws ib tug zoo nkauj thiab zoo-groomed cov duab yuav tsum tau nquag pruning. Nco ntsoov tias txij thaum muaj cov pos ntawm ceg ntoo, koj yuav tsum tau txiav cov nroj tsuag nrog cov hnab looj tes los tiv thaiv koj ob txhais tes.
Pruning tsim nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Tshem tawm cov ceg uas ua rau lub thickening ntawm crown, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muab lub paj ib ncig spherical. Qee lub sij hawm nws yuav nyuaj rau ua li no, vim hais tias nrog muaj zog thickening tus ceg yuav loj hlob ntawm txawv ces kaum, raws li lawv nyiam.
Tom qab txoj kev, cov nroj tsuag rov qab sai thiab yooj yim.
Hloov
Ua ntej lub paj tuaj txog hnub nyoog peb xyoos, nws yuav tsum tau muab transplanted txhua xyoo thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Tom qab qhov kev hloov no ua tiav txhua txhua peb lub xyoos. Transplanting rau ib tsob nroj yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim hais tias yog tias nws tsis yog nqa tawm, nws yuav pib tso tawm cov nplooj me me thiab nres kev loj hlob.
Rau cog koj tau npaj cov nram qab no substrate:
- turf av;
- nplooj daim av;
- turf av;
- peat av;
- dej xuab zeb.
Lauj kaub rau cog yog zoo dua xaiv cov ceramic. Nrog rau txhua hloov, nws yuav tsum tob thiab dav dua li yav dhau los. Cov dej yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv qab.
Tom qab kev hloov chaw, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau muaj dej ntau heev thiab plhuav rau ob peb hnub los ntawm cov ncaj qha tshav ntuj.
Pollination
Nyob rau hauv qus, tus nroj tsuag yog pollinated by nocturnal kab. Qhov twg qhov no tsis muaj peev xwm, tus txiv neej tsim cov khoom neeg tsim phom-pollination.
Yug me nyuam
Taw qhia Carissa nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev:
- noob;
- vegetative - cuttings.
Noob
Rau sowing noob yuav tsum tau ib lub teeb peat-xuab zeb av.
- Ua ntej cog cov av yuav tsum tau moistened.
- Noob ua ntej sowing yuav tsum tau soak rau ib hnub nyob rau hauv dej sov.
- Nws yog tsim nyog los khawb rau hauv lub substrate mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 0.7-1 cm.
- Cog yuav tsum tau them nrog ntawv ci los tsim cov nyhuv ntawm ib lub tsev mini-tsev.
Sprouts yuav tsum muaj nyob hauv ob lub lis piam. Tom qab lawv pom, naam yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Nroj tsuag propagated los ntawm noob txoj kev, nkag flowering tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm ob.Cuttings
Flowering nroj tsuag propagated by txiav, yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo.
- Cuttings yuav tsum tau harvested nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg.
- Lawv raug txiav los ntawm lub sab saum toj ntawm tus tua, tawm hauv peb internodes.
- Nws yog ntshaw kom kho qhov txiav ntawm txiav nrog ib tug paus tsim stimulator.
- Rooting substrate yog npaj los ntawm peat thiab perlite.
- Tom qab cog, qhov cuttings yog them nrog zaj duab xis los yog iav jars.
Rooting cuttings nyob rau hauv dej tsis pom zoo vim lawv heev lwj.Daim ntawv thov
Dhau li ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub shrub yog cog nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm tau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yog siv rau decorating cheeb tsam, feem ntau rau cog hedges.
Xaiv nroj tsuag rau hedges, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau barberry Thunberg, forsythia, calypod, hawthorn, boxwood.
Cov nroj tsuag tau siv nyob hauv tshuaj tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, lub berries thiab nplooj ntawm cov tsiaj Carissa cwj mem yog siv raws li ib tug astringent tau tshem ntawm raws plab. Ib tug decoction ntawm lub keeb kwm yog siv raws li ib tug anti-tus neeg sawv cev. Cov hauv paus txheej txheem yog brewed los txo qhov siab.
Zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Carissa txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv cov tawv nqaij nyias nyias; lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog muaj kua, qab zib los sis me ntsis hauv saj, liab. Thaum tom, tom qab dawb kua txiv tso tawm. Cov noob thaum noj mov tsis pom.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog tsim nyog los siv tsuas zoo-ripened berries, uas yog, mos thiab nrog tsaus liab daim tawv nqaij. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lom tau.
Cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab - 61-62 kcal. Lawv nplua nuj:- vitamins A, B1, B2, C, PP;
- calcium uas;
- magnesium;
- hlau;
- sodium;
- phosphorus;
- tooj liab;
- poov tshuaj
Dua li ntawm cov khoom lom, rau cov kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov tshuaj, siv cov uab muag qhov muag, wolfberry, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yawg, ivy, nyuj parsnip, boxwood, nyom flax, khaus, da dej kom zoo.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog noj tshiab, ntxiv rau zaub nyoos, thiab tseem jam, jams, jelly, puddings, syrups yog npaj los ntawm lawv. Nyob rau hauv Asia, lawv yog siv rau txhaws nyob rau hauv ci, nyob rau hauv ua curry, mus decorate khoom qab zib. Khab los ntawm unripe berries npaj marinades.
Tej teeb meem hauv kev loj hlob
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm yuam kev nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas, lub nroj tsuag yuav hloov cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv nws cov tsos. Yog li, ib qho qaug zog ntawm internodes feem ntau yuav qhia tau hais tias lub paj yog tsis xis nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw uas nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum nrhiav nws rau lwm lub ces kaum - ntais thiab rhaub.
Taus elongated ceg thiab faded nplooj qhia hais tias lub paj yog tsis txaus lub teeb. Muab ib qho ntxiv los yog hloov qhov kev tso kawm ntawm lub lauj kaub. 
Blooming buds tej zaum yuav yog ib qho tsim nyog ntawm huab cua kub heev hauv chav tsev. Cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev txias txias los ntawm kev txau ntau, sib zog, los yog tsiv mus rau lwm qhov mob.
Kev xa tawm ntawm nplooj ntoo tuaj yeem pom tias lub paj tsis muaj dej. Kev kho mob yuav tsum tau coj los tsim kom muaj cov dej nruab nrab.
Koj puas paub? Ntawm hom nroj tsuag ntawm acocanter thiab pachipodium, uas, zoo li cov Carissa, muaj nyob hauv Kutrov tsev neeg, cov Bushmen tau tshuaj lom rau cov xub tshwm.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Nrog cov teeb meem hauv cog thiab loj hlob carissa, nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob thiab cov cab.
Ntawm cov nroj tsuag pests yog phem:
- kab laug sab mite - qhov tshwm sim ntawm kab laug sab web nyob rau hauv pob tw thiab cov nplooj qhia pom tus kab mob;
- scutemia - pom ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog daj me ntsis ntawm nplooj thiab pob tw, nplaum kua;
- Aphid - ua rau wilting ntawm buds thiab nplooj, cov tsos ntawm me ntsiab lus thiab zib mu dew rau ceg;
- thrips - hais txog lawv cov tsos tau pom los ntawm me me dub dots ntawm nplooj, deformation ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua, nyiaj quav hniav nyob rau qub nplooj;
- whitefly - me me dawb kab ya saum toj no lub nroj tsuag, larvae yog pom nyob rau hauv qis ib feem ntawm nplooj ntoos phaj.
Yog hais tias lub paj yog dhau moist, nws muaj peev xwm ua rau grey rot. Nyob rau theem pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, kev tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav zam tau los ntawm kev thov kev kho mob nrog cov fungicides (Teldor, Hloov VDG, Horus VDH), tooj liab-xab npum kua, 0.2% tov Fundazol, 0.1% daws "Topsina-M". Feem ntau yuav tsum muaj ob txoj kev kho mob. Yog hais tias lub paj yog heev xav tsis thoob, ces nws yuav tsis tau txuag nws.Nws zoo dua los siv lub hwj huam kom loj hlob rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, ua kom pom kev tiv thaiv kab mob: tsis tuaj yeem rov moisten, tsis txhob rov qab moisture hauv cov nplooj, nrog rau cov nplooj uas muaj ib daim txhuam cev, tsis txhob muab ntau paj rau ib qho sill, txheej txheem "Fundazol" thiab "Topsin-M "rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
Yog li, Carissa yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab zoo nkauj cog uas, nrog me ntsis kev kho mob, yuav zoo siab nws tus tswv nrog suab paj nruag txhua xyoo puag ncig flowering thiab txawm fruiting. Cov mob loj tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau muab rau lub paj rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob yog tsim nyog teeb pom kev zoo, qhov kub thiab txias, cov dej tsis qab tsis tu ncua thiab nquag noj, uas yog yooj yim ua tiav hauv lub nroog ib cheeb tsam.
Tswv yim rau kev loj hlob carissa los ntawm netizens
Kuv Carissa noob pib muab 3 ceg, thiab tom qab ntawd pib loj hlob hauv qhov siab. Kuv tau nias lub siab, tab sis nws tsis xav tuaj ceg li. Tom qab ntawd kuv pinched tag nrho peb escapes - nyob rau hauv lub kawg, Kuv loj hlob ib tug ob peb ntawm peb tshiab rau tag nrho peb. Yog li ntawd tsis khuv xim, zom ...Evgenia
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