Ntawm cov ntau varietal variations ntawm kua txob, lws suav los yog dib, lately, zoo nkauj cov qoob loo zus nyob hauv tsev yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb. Nws yog rau xws li siv thiab kua txob "Hluav Taws Xob", uas, txawm nws qhov kev kub ntxhov, tau muaj peev xwm los sib tw tau ntau tus niam tsev. Cia peb paub txog nws cov nta, cov cai ntawm cov sau qoob thiab kev yuav tsum tau saib xyuas.
Kev piav qhia
Ntau ntawm kua txob "Tshaj Tawm" yog li ntawd ntau vim cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Transnistrian tshawb fawb lub koom haum kev ua liaj ua teb, hla Chilean thiab Kenya ntau hom nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv 2006 nws tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev sau thiab txij li thaum ces pib nws loj distribution thoob plaws hauv Russia Federation thiab nyob ze lub teb chaws.
Niaj hnub no, "Txim" yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau ntse perennial ntau yam ntawm kua txob. From tua mus rau lub sij hawm technical ntawm ripening yuav siv sij hawm los ntawm 115 mus rau 120 hnub, thiab txheeb raws roj ntsha ripeness tom qab 140 hnub. Qhov nyhav ntawm ib hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo txawv ntawm 40 mus rau 45 gram, thiab nws cov phab ntsa tuab yog li 1.5 hli. Nyob rau hauv tsos - qhov no yog ib txwm qaim liab kua txob.
Muaj ntau yam xws li: "California txuj ci tseem ceeb", "Claudio F1", "Gypsy F1", "Anastasia", "Ox pob ntseg", "Kakadu", "Bogatyr", "Soloist", "Habanero", " Nqos, Golden Miracle, Txiv Kab Ntxoog Miracle, Atlas.
Qhov ntau yam yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thaum ntxov, uas txhais tau hais tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tau muab los ze zog mus rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov los yog thaum ntxov Autumn, thiab nyob rau hauv tsev xog paj mob, lawv txoj kev loj hlob tshwm sim sai dua. "Phom" yog qhov zoo rau kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhib tua thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub apartment - ntawm chav kawm, yog hais tias koj muaj peev xwm teem caij tag nrho cov haum tej yam kev mob rau nws. Nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev ib puag ncig, yields ntawm 3.8 kg ib square meter yuav ua tau tiav, thaum nyob rau hauv qhib av no xam feem ntau tsis tshaj 3 kg.
Nyob rau hauv qhov siab, compact kua txob bushes ncav cuag 60 cm (yog hais tias zus nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb) thiab txog 30 cm thaum zus nyob rau hauv pots ntawm ib windowsill. Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm ntau yam yog nws cov high tsis kam mus bacteriosis.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tsis yog txhua haiv neeg, hu ua "teeb", yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ntau yam. Nyob rau hauv ntau thaj tsam, yog li ntawd yog hu ua tej yam kua txob kub, tsis hais seb nws keeb kwm.
Tsaws
Nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob yav tom ntej (chav nyob los yog qhib av), muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cog thiab tu Ogonek kua txob. Xav txog txhua yam ntawm cov kev xaiv.
Loj hlob ntawm lub qhov rais
Thaum loj hlob nyob hauv tsev, nws tau txais kev pom zoo los pib ua txoj haujlwm no thaum xaus ntawm Lub Ob Hlis, ntxiv mus txog rau thaum Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj. (noob mus tob rau hauv substrate npaj ua ntej, thiab cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau germinate thiab dhau lub mini-tsev xog paj muaj hnub nyoog los ntawm thawj ruaj tshav kub).
Ceramic pots yog zoo tagnrho rau sowing noob. nrog ib ntim ntawm yam tsawg 3-5 litres thiab nrog rau kev qhib rau tso dej tshaj. Raws li lub substrate rau cog, nws yog ntshaw kom siv ib tug sib tov ntawm xuab zeb, vaj teb av thiab humus (1: 2: 1 ratio), coj ib lub zoo kua txheej ua ntej lawv sau (tawg bricks, nthuav av nplaum los yog crushed pob zeb yuav siv tau). Nrog rau txhua xyoo cultivation ntawm perennial peppers, cov av yuav tsum tau hloov ib zaug ib xyoos, thiab chiv yog siv tsuas yog thaum hloov (cov organic teeb meem yog siv) thiab thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob rau lub caij (phosphorus-poov tshuaj sib txuas). Qhov zaus ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm fertilizing - 1 lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ob lub lim tiam.
Koj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem.
Kev xaiv ib qho chaw rau muab tais nrog kua txob, nws yog pom zoo kom them sai sai rau qhov tseeb tias qhov rais sill yog ci thiab txias, vim hais tias ua tau siab tshaj plaws fruiting nws yuav ua tau tsuas yog nrog zoo teeb pom kev zoo, txhawb nqa los ntawm tsawg kawg ib nrab hnub. Vim tias tsis muaj lub teeb ci, koj yuav tau ntxiv rau cov xim xiav-violet.
Hais txog qhov kub thiab txias, ces tus pas ntsuas kub yuav tsum tsis txhob pom tsawg dua 15 ° C, tab sis nyob rau ntawm heev high nqi tej zaum yuav tig daj nplooj thiab crumble tawm lub petals ntawm lub caj dab buds. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm kub heev, nws yuav pab tau ntxiv rau humidify huab cua thiab tshuaj tsuag kua txob bushes, ua cov txheej txheem txhua hnub nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj.
Kev cog hauv lub qhov rais sill "Tshooj" yuav tsum tau ua tas, tab sis nrog siv me ntsis dej, vim hais tias oversaturation ntawm av noo noo yuav cuam tshuam rau kev tsim ntawm hauv paus system (nws tsuas rot). Lwm cov nta kev kho mob rau cov kua txob kub hauv chav nyob.
Koj puas paub? Thawj qhov chaw sau ntawv lees paub tias kev siv cov kua txob ntawm peb cov ancestors yog Sanskrit cov tsiaj ntawv tsim dua 3,000 xyoo dhau los. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, Is Nrias teb yog suav hais tias yog birthplace ntawm cov nroj tsuag, txawm lub fact tias nws tau ntev tau cultivated nyob rau hauv lub territories ntawm lwm lub teb chaws sov.
Sab nraum zoov sau qoob
Nrog rau tag nrho cov kev muaj peev xwm ntawm kev loj hlob nyob hauv tsev, feem ntau nws yuav nrhiav tau kua txob "Phom" thiab nyob rau hauv lub txaj qhib. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav kom tau zoo tshwm sim rau hauv tej yam kev mob, koj yuav xub muaj kom loj hlob zoo seedlings nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev noob. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom cog hauv ob qho tib si ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb ntawm kev muag khoom, thiab los ntawm kev lag luam tawm ntawm xyoo tas los cov qoob loo.
Rau zoo seedlings nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov kws txawj qhia cog noob qoob loo thaum lub Peb Hlis los sis lub Plaub Hlis thaum ntxov, siv cov qauv txheej txheem rau kua txob: 40 x 20 cm Koj kuj siv tau lub npe hu ua "snail", uas tau nyiam qhov chaw muaj ntau heev. Raws li no txoj kev, lub seeding ntawm noob khoom yog ua nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no thiaj li:
- yuav 2 hli ntawm ob sab phlu rau laminate (muag khoom tom khw) thiab folding nws mus rau hauv ib lub raj siv lub qwj;
- kho lub phom nrog cov xov thiab sau nrog lub ntiaj teb;
- sau nrog noob thiab tos rau thawj zaug tua;
- hloov ntawm sprouts (nyob rau theem ntawm tsos ntawm 3-4 tseeb nplooj) rau peat pots.
Yog tias muaj 14 xyoo ua ntej yuav tsum hloov cov nroj tsuag, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau ua kom tawv nqaij los ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas muaj hnub nyoog 15 teev los ntawm cov kab uas muaj hnub nyoog li ntawm 10-15 cm, 20 feeb Lub sij hawm ntawm kev sib hloov yog txiav txim los ntawm cov kab mob kev nkeeg ntawm ib cheeb tsam twg: Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tos kom sov sov ntawm 20-25 ° C (feem ntau haum kub rau kua txob), tab sis nyob rau hauv kev xyaum ntau gardeners nroj seedlings ntawm qis qhov tseem ceeb.
Ntxiv nrog rau kua txob nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, koj muaj peev xwm cog tib yam: txiv lws suav, tangerines, zucchini, dill, thiab eggplant.
Ua ntej tsiv lub noob ntoo mus rau ib qhov chaw tshiab ntawm kev loj hlob (yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam zoo-zes nrog rhuab av), mus rau hauv qab ntawm yav tas los cov koom los yog txaj yuav tsum tau muab fertilizer thiab thaum cog ncaj qha, nws yog advisable mus pinch tus nroj tsuag mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub taub hau, uas yuav cia koj mus rau ib tug ncaj lush Bush nrog zoo fruiting.
Raws li rau dressings, txij li thaum Autumn, rotted manure yog coj mus rau hauv av, thiab ua ntej lawv cog lawv fertilize cov av nrog organic teeb meem tov nrog peat. Rau ntxiv fertilizer (tom qab cog), poov tshuaj nitrate diluted nyob rau hauv 10 liv dej yuav siv, los yog tshwj xeeb mixtures nyob rau hauv uas nitrogen, phosphorus, poov tshuaj ntsev thiab superphosphate yog tam sim no.
Watering nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov yog nqa tawm txhua txhua hnub, yog li hais tias lub ntiaj teb tsis qhuav tawm.
Kev kho mob
Tom qab sowing noob nyob rau hauv pots los cog seedlings nyob rau hauv ib qho qhib cheeb tsam, lub theem ntawm active thiab tas li kev kho mob pib, vim tsuas yog ces koj yuav tau txais kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog kua txob.
Tom tsev
Thaum loj hlob rau ntau yam "Tshaj Tawm" rau ntawm qhov rais, cov kev ntsuas nram no sawv ntsug ntawm cov dej num tseem ceeb:
- Mus tas li thiab txaus dej, nrog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub caij nyoog. Nyob rau hauv thawj lub hlis tom qab cog, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau ib tug txaus loj npaum li cas ntawm thov dej thiaj li hais tias cov av nyob rau hauv lub pots yog ib txwm moderately moist. Txawm li cas los, sim tsis txhob hliv koj cov kua txob, vim hais tias waterlogging tsim zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kev mob rau kev loj hlob ntawm xws li ib tug tsis kaj siab mob, zoo li "dub ceg".
- Tsim kom muaj cua kub zoo thaum tuaj zom zaws hauv qhov rais: zoo li - txog 20 ° C, thiab thaum txias nraum zoov nws yog ntshaw kom tshem cov hiav txwv nrog cov nroj tsuag kom deb ntawm qhov rais qhib ("Tshem" tsis tshua zoo heev li).
- Tso cov nroj tsuag ib xyoos ib zaug (qee zaum txawm tias ob zaug) siv lub lauj kaub loj thiab lub av tshiab substrate.
- Noj cov kua txob nrog cov pob zeb hauv av ua chiv, nrog ib zaus ntawm 1 txhua 14 hnub, txog rau thaum xaus rau lub caij ntuj sov (siv cov chiv ua, hauv qhov nyiaj uas tau qhia rau lub ntim).
- Tuav lub bush yau kom tsis txhob muaj kuab nroj tsis zoo (koj tuaj yeem co co lub lauj kaub).
- Khoom cuav xwm yeem ntawm cov nroj tsuag thaum lub caij ntuj no uas siv cov roj teeb (tag nrho ntev ntawm hnub ci tsis pub tsawg tshaj 12 teev).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ntxiv rau qhov teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub tshav kub txaus, cov kua txob kuj tseem xav tau tas li los ntawm tshav ntuj, thiab nws yuav tsum yog teeb, ntog rau txhua qhov chaw hauv hav txwv (tsawg kawg ib zaug ib hnub ntawm lub lauj kaub yuav tsum tau tig 180 °).
Nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av
Thaum cog qoob zog "Hluav Taws" hauv av qhib, tag nrho cov kev ua ub no yog ua kom zoo li qub, tshwj tsis yog tias cov nroj tsuag tsis tas yuav ntxiv hluav taws xob thiab tswj qhov ntsuas kub. Hauv lub caij kub, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau cov dej, siv dej sov, hnub tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau cov av nyob rau hauv lub txaj nrog kua txob qhuav li, yog li watering yog nqa tawm ob zaug ib hnub twg nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov.
Rau qhov sai tsim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm ntau yam kev mob nkeeg, "Phom" yuav tsum tau txais cov khoom noj kom txaus nrog cov tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nitrogen-muaj ones. 50 g ntawm potassium nitrate, yaj hauv 10 l dej, yuav pab tiv thaiv nrog cov hauj lwm no, txawm tias npaj cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ntsev thiab superphosphate yuav tsis siv tsawg.
Koj puas paub? Kev kub hnyiab ntawm cov kua txob yog vim nws cov kua carbon offensive capsaicin, uas yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav li 2%.
Tom qab harvesting, ntuav nroj tsuag deb tsis tsim nyog. Zoo li ntau lwm yam, "Tshaj Loj" yog ib qho nroj tsuag ntev, uas txhais tau hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg nws yuav raug muab txiav thiab hloov mus rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub loj rau txhua lub caij ntuj no. Ua li no, tag nrho cov kua txob yog txiav ntawm ib theem ntawm 10-15 cm saum toj no hauv av thiab pauv mus rau ib lub thawv nrog moistened av. Nrog rau tuaj txog ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub nroj tsuag yuav sai sai zoo, loj hlob tshiab nplooj thiab yuav dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntej tshaj lub nrws loj hlob los ntawm seedlings.
Nyiaj pab thiab raug mob
Zoo li lwm yam nroj tsuag, ntau qhov "Tshaj Lij" nws muaj nws qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cultivation. Qhov zoo ntawm kev loj hlob muaj xws li hauv qab no:
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg ntawm cov vitamins thiab kab kawm uas txhim kho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tib neeg lub hlwb thiab mob plawv, zoo li normalizing cov hauj lwm ntawm cov hnyuv.
- Thaum siv tshuaj hnyav, zoo rau lub cev ntawm cov neeg uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj cholesterol thiab cov piam thaj (kab mob "Tshaj Lij") txo cov kev ntsuas no.
- Kua txob ua rau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob oncology thiab kev ywj pheej, tab sis nws siv rau cov laj thawj no tsis yog thoob plaws.
- Vim yog lub siab muaj txiaj ntsim zoo tshaj "Txom khuab" yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau seasoning rau ntau yam tais diav, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua tau rau nws.
Ntxiv nrog rau kua txob, oregano (oregano), chervillo, caraway, rocambol, qhwv, sucker, hops, chillice, calendula thiab buttercups kuj muaj cov nyhuv zoo rau lub xeev ntawm cov hlab plawv.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav ntaus nqi tej zaum hais tias ntev li ntawm zhguchest, uas tsis pub siv xws li ib tug kua txob rau cov neeg uas muaj acidity ntawm lub plab (ulcers thiab gastritis yuav tsim). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis tas yuav khaws cov pots nrog cov nroj tsuag hauv ib qho chaw uas siv tau rau cov me nyuam, raws li qhov zoo nkauj tsos ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav ua rau cov menyuam sim lawv, uas lawv yeej tsis yuav zoo siab txog.
Kev sib hloov thiab kev yug me nyuam
Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej, kev hloov ntawm kua txob "Txim" ua tsis tau ntau dua ib xyoos ib zaug. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv cov av zoo sib tov uas muaj cov peat, xuab zeb thiab humus, los yog sod rau tov nrog dej xuab zeb. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, koj muaj peev xwm thov tau thiab npaj txhij-av, muag nyob rau hauv lub khws ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tus txheej txheem ntawm transplanting nws tus kheej yuav tsis siv sij hawm rau koj ntau lub sij hawm, vim tias tau txais cov nroj tsuag tawm ntawm lub moistened substrate yuav tsis yooj yim, thiab ces koj tsuas yog yuav tsum muab nws nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub loj thiab sau nws nrog ib tug tshiab nutrient sib tov.
Nrog rau kev xav txog tus txheej txheem ntawm qe kua txob, nws yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev loj: noob los yog los ntawm grafting.
Rau kev sib prop los ntawm cov noob, ua raws li cov kauj ruam no:
- Saib xyuas cov khoom cog rau cov kab mob, dej nyab nrog dej thiab muab pov tseg cov khoom xyaw dej.
- Npaj lub substrate thiab ncuav nws rau hauv pots on top ntawm drainage txheej (tawg bricks yog tsim raws li kua, thiab los tsim ib qho kev haum av sib tov, nws yog zoo dua mus rau ib feem ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab humus tov nrog ob feem ntawm vaj teb av).
- Sow lub noob (4-5 pieces nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lauj kaub) los ntawm tob rau hauv substrate los ntawm 0.6 cm los yog tsuas yog scattering on saum npoo ntawm cov av.
- Sprinkle noob nrog lub ntiaj teb thiab ncuav tawm ntawm sprayer thiaj li tsis mus ntxuav lub noob tawm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog li ntawm ob lub lis piam tom qab cov noog tua tau zoo, nws tau pom zoo kom pub cov nroj tsuag me me nrog cov organic fertilizers (divorced mullein los yog nqaij qaib), thiab thaum cov kua txob nce mus txog 20 cm hauv qhov siab, nws yog ib lub tswv yim mus rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev cog kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov dav (Bush) .
Luam los ntawm txiav yog ib tug vegetative txoj kev ntawm nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nrog rau preservation ntawm lawv cov varietal yam ntxwv (as opposed to lub noob txoj kev). Cov txheej txheem yog ua los ntawm txiav cov ceg ntawm mother plant thiab tsiv nws mus rau hauv xoob thiab lub teeb av, tom qab uas lub cuttings yog watered thiab them nrog ib pob. Hauv ib lub lim tiam, tag nrho cov seem sib cais yuav tsim lawv tus kheej lub hauv paus system.
Flowering cuttings cai ntxov tshaj nyob rau hauv nroj tsuag propagated los ntawm cov noob txoj kev (tom qab txog 1.5 lub hlis).
Cuttings kuj yuav propagated gooseberry, laurel, hiav txwv buckthorn, plum, grapes, cotoneaster, chokeberry, snowberry, honeysuckle honeysuckle.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Feem ntau, cov kua txob ntau ntawm cov kua txob "Tshaj Lom" yog raug los ntawm cov aphids los yog kab laug sab mites, uas txav mus rau nws los ntawm lwm yam nroj tsuag thaum nyob ntawm txoj kev. Thaum koj pom tias tsis tuaj yeem tuaj qhua, koj yuav tsum tau txais kev pab tam sim ntawd kom tshem tawm tau lawv.
Qhov yoojyim daws tau yooj yim yog yuav npaj tua kab tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv. (sib nrauj raws li cov lus qhia ntawm pob), tab sis yog tias koj tsis xav siv chemistry, qhov kev xaiv tsuas yog yuav siv cov zaub mov txawv. Piv txwv li, koj muaj peev xwm grind ntau peppercorns nyob rau hauv ib tug nqaij grinder thiab ua ke lawv nrog dej, insisting rau 24 xuab moos. Tom qab lub sij hawm no lub qhov dej yuav tsum tau drained thiab tshuaj tsuag lub bushes ob peb zaug, ntawm ua ke ntawm tsib hnub. Muab cov capsaicin muaj nyob hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo (cov tshuaj no feem ntau siv hauv cov kev tua kab), cov aphid thiab cov kua qaub yuav rov qab sai sai tom qab kev sib cuag nrog nws.
Yog hais tias lub kua txob tsis Bloom rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, Tej zaum qhov laj thawj nyob hauv lub oversaturation ntawm av nrog nitrogen, qhov qhia txog uas, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum tau txo. Thaum twg lightening nplooj, koj yuav tsum them sai sai rau lub teeb ntawm lub kua txob, thiab yog hais tias tsim nyog, siv khoom ci teeb pom kev (rau sab hauv loj hlob).
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, tsis muaj teeb meem loj thaum lub sij hawm cultivation ntawm kua txob "txim" yuav tsum tshwm sim. Всё, что от вас требуется - неуклонно соблюдать правила его посадки и дальнейшего ухода. После чего растение непременно порадует вас богатым урожаем жгучей пряности.
