Cherry ntau yam

Sweet Cherry "Ovstuzhenka": cov yam ntxwv, cov tshuaj tsw qab, secrets ntawm kev ua tau zoo

Sweet Cherry "Ovstuzhenka" yog heev ntau yam nrov.

Nws cov lus piav qhia tsis tawm hauv lub siab, raws li tsob ntoo muaj ib tug zoo tawm los, zoo siab kam rauv huab cua thiab zoo heev saj.

Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los

"Ovtuzhenka" yog ib qho ntxov ntxov ntawm cov Cherry qab zib, uas muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib nrab nruab nrab ripening lub sij hawm. Qhov no tsi ntawm qab zib Cherry twb synthesized nyob rau ntawm Tag nrho-Lavxias Scientific Research Lub koom haum ntawm Lupine by mixing ob ntau yam - Leningradskaya Chernya thiab Compact Venyaminova. Tus sau npe ntawm no lub hybrid belongs rau M. Kanshina. Nyob rau thaum xyoo 2000s, ntau lub nroog Ovstuzhenka tau nkag mus rau hauv lub Xeev Lub Npe ntawm Kev Tshawb Nrhiav. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nws tau zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub ntiaj teb dub.

Kev piav qhia thiab yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam

"Ovstuzhenka" feem ntau cog hauv lub vaj lub tsev, vim nws tsis muaj kev tshwj xeeb rau kev saib xyuas thiab twb nyob rau thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov muab zoo tshwm sim. Piav txog ntau yam, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nyob rau ob peb yam: kev xav ntawm tsob ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tawm los.

Tsob ntoo piav qhia

Cherry ntau yam "Ovstuzhenka" txawv nyob rau hauv hnyav qhov ntev, qhov siab me me thiab kev loj hlob zoo. Lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo tsis muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm foliage, spherical thiab me ntsis tsa. Qab zib cherry tua muaj ib tug me tuab tuab, txawv nyob rau hauv ib qho xim av xim av-xim av. Lub buds ntawm cherries yog loj thiab taw. Vegetative buds muaj ib tug conical duab, generative - qe-puab. Cov nplooj, dhau lawm, yog lub qe-puab thiab loj loj, lawv yog qhov txawv ntawm ib puag puag thiab ib lub tswv yim zoo taw tes. Cov xim yog ntsuab ntsuab, thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas nplooj yog heev pigmented. Lub foliage yog tsis ca thiab matte. Petioles me me, luv luv.

Cov inflorescences yog peb-flowered. Lub paj yog cov loj heev, thiab cov nplaim hluavtaws muaj nyob hauv txhua tus. Nyob rau ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub stamens yog stigma ntawm pistil. Lub sepals yog pigmented thiab tsis serrated, thiab lub khob nws tus kheej muaj ib tug goblet duab. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo zes qe menyuam muaj nyob rau ntawm cov ceg ntoo.

Qhia koj tus kheej nrog cultivation ntawm Regina, Bull lub plawv, Revna, Bryansk Pink, Krupnoplodnaya, Valeriy Chkalov, Daybera Chornaya, Fatezh ntau yam.

Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Txheej

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm "Ovstuzhenka" Sweet Cherry yog round, muaj ib lub ncov saum toj kawg nkaus. Qhov nruab nrab, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyhav txog 7 g, thiab qhov dav thiab qhov siab ntawm ib cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog txog li 20 hli. Cov tawv nqaij nyias muaj nyias cov xim nqaij tawv. Cov nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qab zib heev thiab muaj kua.

Koj puas paub? Cherry yog qhov qub tshaj plaws daim ntawv ntawm cherry, uas tib neeg kawm tau 10,000 xyoo dhau los.
Cherry txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub bouquet ceg. Zoo nkauj heev thiab lush berries tsis dag, vim hais tias lawv muaj zoo saj.

Tawm

Sweet Cherry "Ovstuzhenka" yog ib tsob ntoo siab heev. Txawm li cas los, qhov nruab nrab productivity ntawm cov ntoo thaum ntxov yog 15 kg rau ib tsob ntoo, uas tsis yog qhov siab ntawm cov qoob loo. Qhov no tsis siv rau cov ntoo uas paub tab, txij li qhov siab tshaj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau ib tsob ntoo siab tuaj yeem ncav 32 kg.

Thawj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub rau hli ntuj. Raws li qhov nruab nrab, cov ntoo yields tau los ntawm 20 mus rau 26 kg.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Sweet Cherry yog rau cov phau ntawv sau. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau lub txee lub neej ntawm Berry mus ntev, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txiav nws tawm nrog lub qia.
Thaum lub sij hawm lub lim tiam, cov Berry muaj peev xwm tswj tau tas nrho cov freshness, qhov kub yuav tsum nyob twj ywm ntawm theem ntawm + 3-6 ° C, thiab humidity ntawm huab cua - 80-90%. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj zoo thauj. Nyob rau hauv lub caij uas ntev-lub sij hawm cia ntawm berries yog yuav tsum tau, nws yog raug khov.

"Ovstuzhenka" yog ntau yam ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib. Qhov no yog vim qhov tsim nyog ntawm berries ob qho tib si rau tshiab tau noj thiab ntxiv ua. Feem ntau nws yog siv rau lub hauv paus rau compote, jelly los yog jam, kua txiv thiab pastry khoom qab zib.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv seedlings thaum yuav

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias tag nrho cov khoom cog yuav tsum tau yuav nyob rau hauv vaj khw muag khoom, raws li muaj ntau tus fakes nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam uas nyuaj heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseeb. Yuav kom xaiv tau ib qho zoo sapling, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau lub xub ntiag ntawm xws li cov yam ntxwv:

  • qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv;
  • sapling muaj ntau tus ceg ntoo;
  • muaj tsis muaj wrinkles thiab me ntsis ntawm cov tawv ntoo;
  • qhuav keeb kwm nyob rau hauv paus system yog absent.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib qho chaw

Txawm tias muaj qhov tseeb hais tias ntau yam "Ovtuzhenka" tsis yog qhov feem ntau fastidious, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xaiv qhov chaw nyob qhov twg lub vaj teb tom ntej los yog ib tug Sweet Cherry yuav vam. Nyob rau hauv xaiv ib qho chaw, lub ntsiab Cheebtsam yog cov av thiab tus nqi ntawm teeb.

Teeb pom kev zoo

Raws li xws li, tsis muaj categorically tsim nyog yuav tsum tau cog rau Ovstusenka saplings. Txawm li cas los xij, nws pom zoo kom cog cov ntoo ntawm sab qab teb ntawm lub vaj kom lub hnub ci muaj kev nkag tau mus rau ntawm cov ntoo cherry. Yog hais tias lub hnub tsis sov tsob ntoo thiab hauv av raws li nws, txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob tuaj qeeb qeeb.

Av

Cov av thaj av uas muaj cua tshuab zoo thiab muaj teeb ci pom tau zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm tias xuab zeb los yog loamy yuav ua tau zoo heev.

Ib qho tseem ceeb thaum xaiv ib hom av yog qhov dej mus kom ze, uas yuav tsum tsis pub dhau ib thiab ib nrab ntawm cov meters. Yog hais tias tsis muaj qhov chaw zoo li, ces nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau khawb qhov dej ua kua.

Npaj ua hauj lwm ua ntej yuav tsaws

Kom npaj cov av thiab cov yub ntoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov zoo sau.

Qhov chaw npaj

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm kev npaj av rau cog yog qhov kev npaj ntawm cov pits rau cog. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias "Ovstuzhenka" Sweet Cherry yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau xav tau ntawm nutrient cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov av. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim tias cog yog tsim on av nplaum av, koj yuav tsum tau nteg ob peb thoob ntawm xuab zeb nyob rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv. Thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav npaj cog cov pits yuav tsum tau "ennoble" ob lub lis piam ua ntej cog seedlings. Lub qhov tsoo yuav tsum tau muaj puv li ib feem peb: 2 thoob ntawm cov av, mus txog 3 kg ntawm superphosphate, 1 kg ntawm potash mixtures thiab 1 kg ntawm tshauv, mus txog 30 kg ntawm humus los yog compost. Thaum siv cov khoom zoo li no tsis tas siv cov chiv nitrogen, zoo li lawv tuaj yeem hlawv cov hauv paus hniav.

Koj puas paub? Qab zib cherry, lub qia ntawm uas yog daj los yog txiv kab ntxwv nyob rau hauv cov xim, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws abode rau worms.
Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm Autumn npaj Landmark mus rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tom ntej. Pib, koj yuav tsum khawb ib lub qhov, taub thiab qhov tob ntawm uas yuav txog ib lub 'meter'. Lub ntiaj teb yuav tsum tov nrog ob peb thoob ntawm humus, ntxiv txog li 100 g ntawm poov tshuaj, mus txog 300 g ntawm superphosphate. 500 g ntawm ntoo tshauv yuav siv tau raws li ib tug zoo fertilizer. Tag nrho cov av sib tov yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv thiab yuav them nrog lub ntiaj teb dawb los ntawm impurities.

Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej Cherry orchard yog nqi plowing. Thaum lub vaj teb yog khawb, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog siv cov organic thiab mineral cov khoom noj. Ib square meter xav tau 10 kg ntawm compost, 200 g ntawm superphosphate, 150 g ntawm potash. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim uas muaj ib qho ua fertilizer, 250 g ntawm to top hnav khaub ncaws yuav tsum tau siv ib square Meter ntawm av.

Seedling npaj

Lub sapling tsis tau tshwj xeeb npaj, vim lub ntsiab ua hauj lwm yog ua tiav ncaj qha nrog cov av rau lub neej tom ntej ntawm tsob ntoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov pom zoo kom tuav lub yauv hauv nws daim ntawv dawb, kom nws "nqus tau" dawb thiab nqus cov khoom noj uas nyob hauv qhov dej. Nws kuj tsis yog tsim nyog yuav tau ua kom lub sapling nyob rau hauv lub hnub ua ntej cog, raws li nws yuav qhuav tawm thiab yuav tsis muab zoo tawm los nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

Tam sim ntawd ua ntej cog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los mus tshem tawm cov sapling los ntawm nplooj ntsuab. Hauv paus yuav dipped mus rau hauv cov av nplaum thiab khaws cia rau ob peb xuab moos: qhov no yuav ntxiv dag zog rau nws thiab ua rau nws lub peev xwm noj haus ntxiv.

Cov kauj ruam los ntawm kev qhia cov lus qhia

Cog cog "Ovstuzhenka" tuaj yeem ua rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab - kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis, thaum lub ntiaj teb tswj kom sov tom qab ib ntev lub caij ntuj no, koj muaj peev xwm pib lub npaj ua hauj lwm thiab cog lub seedlings. Nyob rau hauv Autumn, av yuav tsum tau cog rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub kaum hli ntuj, thaum lub ntiaj teb yog tseem sov, tab sis tsis qhuav tawm los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov tshav kub. Ua raws nraim rau txoj kev ncaj nraim koj yuav ua tiav cov txiaj ntsim zoo:

  1. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau khawb hauv qhov chaw tsaws pob zeb, qhov ntawm txoj kab uas hla mus txog 1 meter.
  2. Los ntawm ib tug ntoo peg uas yog muab tso rau hauv lub recess, ib qho earthen mound yog tsim.
  3. Lub seedling yuav tsum tau txo qis rau hauv aub tsiv, thaum lub hauv paus ntseg tsho yuav tsum pom 7-8 cm saum toj no hauv av.
  4. Tom ntej, ncaj cov hauv paus hniav ncaj qha rau hauv qab thiab tusyees dej zoo nrog lub ntiaj teb.
  5. Rau yav tom ntej sustainability, nyob ze-plab npoo av yuav tsum tau compacted.
  6. Los ntawm hauv av nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua ib lub qhov nrog ib tug ntug, lub cheeb ntawm uas yuav muaj 50 cm.
  7. On lub seedling koj yuav tsum tau siv txog 20 liv dej.
  8. Pristvolny lub voj voog yuav tsum tau thrashed nrog straw los yog peat.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias koj cog ib lub vaj, qhov deb ntawm cov ntoo yuav tsum txog 5 m.

Lub caij ntu saib xyuas

Thiaj li rau tsob ntoo loj hlob thiab muaj kev vam meej, muab kom muaj ib qho kev tawm dag zog tuaj mus tas li, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua kom tiav cov hauj lwm li niaj zaus rau kev saib xyuas ntawm cherries. Kev mob, kev kho mob tuaj yeem hu ua caij nyoog, txij li thaum lub chaw ua hauj lwm tseem ceeb yog ua tiav thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hauj lwm ntxiv yuav tsum ua kom tiav.

Kev tu xyuas av

Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias qab zib Cherry yog ib tug dej-hlub tsob ntoo, raws li ib tug ntawm uas nws prefers moist av. Hauv kev txiav txim siab rau tsob ntoo loj hlob thiab tsim khoom tsim nyog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tsim tawm txog li peb lub waterings nyob rau hauv ib lub caij:

  • ua ntej pib ntawm paj kev loj hlob - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Tej zaum;
  • nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm sau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo - nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub Xya hli ntuj;
  • pre-lub caij ntuj no watering - tom qab sau, ua ntej qhov pib ntawm huab cua txias.
Los ntawm drip dej system, cov ntoo yog rejuvenated. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov zawj ntawm lub nplhaib hom, uas yog khawb hauv lub periphery ntawm lub crown. Nws kuj yog tseem txaus kom ntxiv dej rau cov av ntawm ib qhov tob ntawm 25-35 cm. Ib tsob ntoo uas muaj siab zuj zus xav tau 30 liv dej.

Qhov ze-qia yuav tsum nyob twj ywm huv thiab lub hauv paus yuav tsum ua pa. Loos lub av yuav pab tswj cov cua ncig. Los ntawm loosening, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua puas lub av crust thiab tshem maj cov qe. Av strata yuav tsum tsis txhob muab pov tseg. Hnyav hnyav tau mulched tom qab lub ntiaj teb tau tag nrho warmed rau lub hnub. Yog hais tias koj ua li no ua ntej, tus mulch yuav khaws cov dej nyob hauv av, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo. Mulching yuav tsum tau ua tam sim ntawd tom qab txham dej los yog ziab tawm cov av, thaum nws yuav crumble thaum ntaus nrog ib tug duav. Raws li ib tug mulching khoom, qhuav nyom, straw, sawdust, crushed pob kws stalks, thiab peat yog zoo meej.

Lub sij hawm ntev ntawm cov voj voog ntawm pristvolny yuav tso cai rau tshem tawm cov khoom me me. Tshuaj weeding tsis pom zoo, raws li nws muaj peev xwm ua rau ob tsob ntoo thiab cov av.

Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws

Sweet Cherry tsis yog tsob ntoo uas muaj xim yeem, yog li ntawd, nws tsis tas yuav tu thiab tu ntau dua. "Ovtuzhenka" nyob rau hauv no yam, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub tsaws, yog tsis sib txawv los ntawm nws cov txheeb ze. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yuav txaus rau ntxiv kev muab kev pab cuam los ntawm hauv paus txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn (thaum lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj) raws li nram no siv slurry, yav tas los diluted nrog dej rau hauv ib qho piv txwv ntawm 1: 8, txhua tus granules ntawm fertility (siv 100 g ntawm cov as-ham rau ib thoob dej). Yog tias muaj humus, ces koj tuaj yeem ntim 20 kg ntawm ib tsob ntoo.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav kom khawb thiab loosen thaj av. Nws yog thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm uas 50 g ntawm superphosphate thiab tib tus nqi ntawm carbamide ib square meter yuav tsum tau ntxiv tusyees.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txhua txhua peb rau plaub xyoos nws yog qhov tsim nyog ua kom lub liming ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Nws yog tsim nyog los tsim cov dej nyob ze-qhov chaw zoo nrog lub essence ntawm tshauv. Ib square meter kom 2 kg ntawm ntoo tshauv ib thoob dej.

Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv

Yuav kom tiv thaiv cov cherries los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm cov kab mob thiab "ill-wishers", nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau nqa tawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Qhov no yog ua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej pib ntawm SAP khiav, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, thaum loj heev nplooj ntoos caij nplooj ntoos zeeg tshwm sim. Yuav kom ua kom txheej txheem ntawm Cherry qab zib, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los dissolve txog li 700 g ntawm urea nyob rau hauv 10 liv dej. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tsuag cov ntoo rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm pathogens thiab kab kab tsuag.

Koj puas paub? Sweet Cherry yog lub hauv paus rau cov khoom noj khoom tawv xim. Thaum siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hlob, lub xim ntawm cov zas yog ntsuab.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuas ua ntej ua cov kua qab zib tuaj yeem ua kua dej ntws zoo. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov tshuaj yuav hlawv poob buds. Yuav kom tswj cov kab tsuag neeg ntxeev, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los kho cov cherries nrog "Akarin", "Fitoverm", "Agravertin".

Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm prophylactic kev kho mob, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los spray lub Cherry nrog "Zircon", uas yuav ua rau kom cov tsis kam ntawm tsob ntoo kom txias.

Cropping thiab crown tsim

Pruning cherries tsim ob zaug ib xyoos: nyob rau hauv Lub Kaum Ib Hlis, thaum lub foliage ntog, thiab nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis, ua ntej budding pib. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav Spring pruning pab nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob ntawm lub crown thiab lub eradication ntawm loj loj ceg. Nws yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov ceg thiab tua uas loj hlob thiab thicken lub crown. Autumn pruning yog suav hais tias sanitary, raws li nws yog ncaj qha ntsig txog kev tshem tawm ntawm puas thiab tuag ceg. Raws li txoj cai, tag nrho cov ceg uas tsim ntawm lub kaum ntse ntse me me (txog 45 degrees) yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Tag nrho cov ceg loj yuav tsum muab hlais rau lub nplhaib kom tsis muaj khij sab laug.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tag nrho cov kev txiav uas muaj ib lub cheeb ntawm 1.5 cm, yuav tsum tau ua tiav vaj teb suab.

Kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam txias thiab nas

Cherry "Ovstuzhenka" muaj kev xyuam xim rau cov kabmob xws li coccomycosis thiab moniliosis. Qhov loj txaus ntshai rau tsob ntoo yog cua txias thiab nas.

Cov neeg laus qab zib cherry tsis yuav tsum tau vaj tse, raws li lawv zam lub caij ntuj no zoo nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm mulching ntawm ze-stem qhov chaw nrog peat, whitewashing lub pob tw thiab lub hauv paus ntawm skeletal ceg. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cherries, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub caij txias rau khi lawv nrog spruce ceg thiab qhwv nrog sacking, uas yuav kom sov. Tsis txhob siv cov ntaub ntawv khoom siv, raws li cov nroj tsuag tuag vim tsis muaj huab cua ncig.

Mus tua cov nas, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov nets tshwj xeeb uas tau mob tshaj tsob ntoo.

Sweet Cherry "Ovstuzhenka" yog ntau yam kev lag luam uas zoo tshaj plaws saj, siab yield, stability thiab zoo tsis haum rau cov kab mob. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm no ntau yam yog tias nws yog tag nrho ywj siab ntawm pollinating kab, raws li nws yog ib tug tus kheej-tus nroj tsuag nroj tsuag.