Txhua tus saib xyuas tus txiv neej tuaj yeem tuaj mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm nws lub vaj nrog tshwj xeeb kev saib xyuas thiab kev ua siab zoo, nrog rau ib qho kev zoo siab nws xaiv thiab txuas cov hom qoob loo. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus nqi zog ntawm xws li ib tug nplua nuj sau ntawm muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog hais tias peb tham txog qhov juiciness ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ces thawj qhov chaw, los ntawm txoj cai, yog nyob los ntawm pears. Lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis muaj zog yuav tsis tuaj yeem tawm ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus. Yeej tsis muaj sijhawm los tiv thaiv kev sim siab sim sim ua ib lub txiv quav tshuaj tsw qab. Thiab kom tau txais txoj kev zoo siab no yog ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev xaiv ntawm hom kab lis kev cai. Yuav ua li cas los simplig ua haujlwm, peb yuav qhia txog cov kev paub thiab cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam pears - "Klapp nyiam" ("Klapp nyiam").
Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim
Qhov no yuav siv ntau cov hmoov txhuas hauv vaj teb los ntawm nws lub npe. Lub keeb kwm ntawm nws cov tsos, nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog xws li ib qho muaj npe lub npe, yog zoo banal: "Nyiam" yog ib tug me nyuam ntawm xaiv. Nws yog bred nyob rau hauv 1860 los ntawm ib tug neeg kawm txog Miskas. T. Klappuas nws lub npe khaws cia rau hauv lub npe. Lub breeder rau ib lub sij hawm ntev "conjured" tshaj lub noob ntawm pears "Hav zoov kev zoo nkauj", thiab nws txoj kev vam meej ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm no ntau yam. Pear tau los ua ib qho kev nyiam, thaj vim nws txawv txav yam ntxwv.
Lub birthplace ntawm tus tsiaj yog Massachusetts, Tebchaws Asmeskas. Muaj kuj yog ib tus qauv uas "nyiam" yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm qhov kev sib txuas ntawm ob hom: qhov qub "Hav Zoov Zoo Zoo" thiab "Williams". 
Kev piav qhia thiab txawv txav ntawm ntau yam
"Klapp's pet" muaj ib pob ntawm nws tus kheej thiab nws cov qualities thiab cov yam ntxwv, ua tsaug uas nws yog yooj yim heev los txheeb xyuas.
Ntoo
Cov ntoo "Nyiam" tsis yog cov thawj coj hauv kev loj hlob. Lawv qhov siab yog 2-3 m, kab lis kev cai tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau hauv chav kawm sredneroslyh. Hais txog lub hnub nyoog yam ntxwv, qhov nruab nrab kev ua ntawm tsob ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog 55 xyoos. Thaum ib tug me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog, ib tsob ntoo yog tus qauv ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, cov tub ntxhais hluas tua thiab cov ceg ntoo ntawm nws tus kheej rau hauv ib daim duab ntawm ib lub pyramid, uas ntau xyoo dhau los ua dav thiab kheej. Yuav luag txhua ceg tuaj ntawm ib lub kaum ntawm 45 ° rau ntawm pob tw.
Koj puas paub? Cov pear belongs rau Rosy tsev neeg, uas yog, nws yog ib tug txheeb ze ntawm lub Rose, quince, qus Rose thiab lwm tus neeg ntawm lub genus. Raws li kev paub ntawm gardeners, nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus cog ib tug pear on ib quince.
Lub cev ntawm tsob ntoo yog them nrog flaky bark, nyob rau ceg - lub bark yog tus. Paj ntawm kab lis kev cai muaj lub ci xim dawb thiab txawv hauv qhov loj me.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Twb tau rau 2-3 xyoo Nrog nws cov livelihood, Lub Nyiam yuav zoo siab koj nrog nws cov nplooj fragrant. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sau tseg tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj tshaj, hnyav li 250 g, loj hlob sai rau cov ntoo me, nrog lub hnub nyoog loj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua me ntsis me (180-230 g). 
Qhov zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm "Klapp's Lovers" yog elongated los yog oval. Pears yog them nrog ib daim tawv nyias nyias ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas, nyob rau hauv ntawm tus ncaj qha tshav ntuj, acquires ib reddish xim. Nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij nyias, dawb pulp hides, uas muaj cim saj zoo. Piav txog qhov saj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov nyuaj heev, lawv tsuas yog xav sim. Cov ntsiab lus dav dav, nws muaj peev xwm raug sau tseg tias qab zib thiab kev sib tw qaub qe yog intertwined hauv lawv cov saj. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no yog cov tshuaj tsw qab, mos thiab cov kua nplaum hauv qhov ncauj.
"Nyiam" yog hais txog thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov ntau yam. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen nyob rau hauv lig Lub Xya hli ntuj - Lub yim hli ntuj thaum ntxov.
Koj puas paub? Pear yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws tau loj hlob nyob rau tim Nkij teb chaws qub, Rome, Persia. Cov neeg Greek poet Homer hu ua pears "khoom plig ntawm lub gods."
Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub seedlings
Nws yog los ntawm txoj cai xaiv ntawm ib lub yub ntawm ib kab lis kev cai uas nws livelihoods, functionality thiab tsim tau nyob rau yav tom ntej nyob ntawm seb. Raws li rau seedlings ntawm "Klapp tus Tsiaj", ces thaum xaiv lawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog them nqi rau hnub nyoog, keeb kwm thiab cov duab ntawm tua hluas tsob ntoo. 
Qhov feem ntau haum cog cov khoom yog seedlings hnub nyoog 1-2 xyoos, qhov tua yog ruaj thiab elastic. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau lub hauv paus system, uas yuav tsum tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, ziab los yog lwj.
Nyeem kuj hais txog kev peculiarities ntawm pear tu ntau yam: "Century", "Bryansk Beauty", "Rossoshanskaya dessert", "Tenderness", "Honey", "Hera", "Petrovskaya", "Krasulya", "Nco txog Zhegalov", " ".
Xaiv qhov chaw zoo
Hais txog lub rooj, tus qhab nia yog qhov tsis tsim nyogtab sis, zoo li tag nrho cov kab lis kev cai, nws xav zoo tshaj plaws rau lub teeb ci fertile xau nrog zoo kua system. Pear tsis nyiam hnyav xau nyob rau hauv uas muaj qib theem ntawm acidity thiab salinity. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob tuaj yeem tso kom qhuav los yog ntev li ntawm ya raws. Txhua yam yuav tsum nyob hauv kev coj cwj pwm.
Nws yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias qhov no ntau yam hauv siab heev hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo: kev loj hlob qub, thiab tom qab ntawm fruiting, tsob ntoo xav tau ib tug ntau txaus ntawm tshav ntuj. Yog li ntawd, rau cog "nyiam" pom zoo kom xaiv ib thaj chaw zoo. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum xaiv ib qho chaw cog cov txiv pear, "Klapp's Pet", nws tsim nyog xav txog qhov tseeb seb puas muaj cov pollinators hauv cheeb tsam, vim hais tias qhov no muaj ntau yam zoo rau nws tus kheej. Xws li ntau yam li Williams, Hav Zoov Zoo Nkauj, Bere Bosk ua pov thawj los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinators ntawm tus nyiam.
Qhov chaw npaj
Kev paub gardeners qhia kom cog no ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub Autumn. Lub vev xaib yuav tsum ua tib zoo npaj rau kev tsaws tam sim. Txawm hais tias koj yuav cog seedlings nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau npaj nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Ua li no, khawb ib lub qhov, tob ntawm qhov uas yuav tsum tau 1-1.2 m, dav - ntawm 60 mus rau 80 cm Ib tug substrate npaj los ntawm to top fertile av txheej nrog poov tshuaj additives (30-40 g) thiab superphosphate chiv (150 -200 g), 2 thoob cov xuab zeb thiab 2 lub thoob ntawm humus.
Yog hais tias koj xaiv peaty av rau cog pears, koj muaj peev xwm khawb li ib me ntsis me me aub tsiv.
Tshawb xyuas lub subtleties ntawm pear ntau yam: "Rogneda", "Otradnenskaya", "Avgustovskaya dew", "Kokinskaya", "Elena", "Marble", "Fairytale", "Nika", "Severyanka", "Veles", "Lada" "," Favorite Yakovlev "," Muscovite "," Cathedral ".
Cov kauj ruam ruam-tawm-kauj ruam rau cog seedlings
Raws li rau tam sim ntawd cog seedlings, nws muaj ob peb kauj ruam:
- khawb lub qhov, qhov tob qhov tob thiab dav;
- chiv ntawm qhov tsaws aub tsiv nrog saum toj no substrate (ncuav ib mound nyob rau hauv qab);
- tso ib tug seedling on ib mound ntawm fertilizer. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias lub keeb kwm yog ncaj ncaj ncaj, thiab hauv paus ntseg tsho yog 5 cm siab dua los ntawm hauv av theem;
- ntog pw tsaug zog thiab tamping ntawm lub rooj zaum;
- ntawm qhov ze ntawm 30 cm ntawm lub sapling koj yuav tsum tau qhab nees me me ceg txheem ntseeg, uas ib tug hluas ntoo yuav tsum tau muab khi tom qab cog, vim hais tias nws yuav ua txhaum los yog loj hlob incorrectly;
- sprinkle hauv av ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw ntawm seedling nrog barren av nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug dawb li lub qhov.
Lub caij ntu saib xyuas
Ntau tshaj, gardeners yog tu siab los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug nyiam pear tsis tsim ib qoob loo. Tab sis tib lub sij hawm, lawv tsis nco ntsoov hais tias lawv nco qab nws tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm thaum nws yuav tsum dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo. 
Txiv moj coos, tshwj xeeb, "Nyiam Clapp", xav tau kev zoo thiab kev saib xyuas, zoo li lwm yam kab lis kev cai. Tsuas yog los ntawm muab cov ntoo tsob txiv ntoo rau qhov tsim nyog tu, koj yuav txaus siab rau nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo.
Koj puas paub? Qhov loj tshaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm pear, uas tau kaw los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Guinness Book of Records Commission, tau hlob nyob rau hauv South Wales. Nws qhov hnyav yog 1.405 kg.
Kev tu xyuas av
Saib xyuas cov "nyiam" yuav tsum tau pib tam sim ntawd tom qab tsaws. Tam sim ntawd tom qab cog, tus hluas ntoo yog watered abundantly: nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los siv txog ib seedling 3 thoob dej. Cov koob tshuaj no yuav tsum muab xam rau hauv ib qho uas cov dej noo nkag mus rau hauv qhov tob tob txog 85 cm Cov tsob ntoo tsis kam drought, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ywg dej ntau zaus ib zaug, thaum tsis muaj nag.
Thaum hais txog lub koom haum ntawm txoj kev tswj kev xoob, ces nws yuav tsum tau txhim kho ob peb zaug (thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub caij ntuj sov, lub caij nplooj zeeg). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub meej tias lub voj voog nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob zeb tsis clogged, thiab txhawm rau txhim kho timely weeding ntawm cov av. Nws tseem yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias hauv av ze ntawm lub tsob ntoo cog tsis tuaj yeem tso, thiab ua ntu zus ncuav lub qhov chaw sagging.
Mulching ntawm cov av ib ncig ntawm lub pear yog nqa tawm ncaj qha tom qab cog thiab txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Thoob plaws hauv lub caij, mulch, hauv particular, humus thiab chiv, yuav tsum tau nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cev ntawm tsob ntoo; yog tias tsim nyog, mulching yog rov qab. Ntau tshaj, gardeners neglect no txheej txheem, nyob rau hauv kev, vim hais tias ntawm tsis paub txog nws qhov tseem ceeb. 
Mulching yuav pab tiv thaiv koj tus tub ntxhais kawm ntawv kom tsis txhob qhuav tawm (mulch accumulates noo noo), thiab ntxiv khov ntawm hauv paus system. Tsis tas li ntawd, mulch yog qhov chaw ntawm qhov muab tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv zoo qhov zoo tshaj plaws mulch rau pears haum manure, humus, peat, straw, poob nplooj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Kev paub gardeners yog qhia kom them sai sai rau lub fact tias ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw tsis tsim ib crust vim ntau noo noo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog kom sai sai rau hauv av, txij li no crust tiv thaiv lub ingress ntawm oxygen thiab dej mus rau lub keeb kwm thiab, raws li, provokes lub inhibition ntawm cov nroj tsuag kev ua si.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
"Klapp's pet" xav tau kev noj qab haus huv. Thawj koob ntawm fertilizer (nitrogen, superphosphate) yog siv ncaj qha mus rau qhov cog qhov.
Txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, qhov kawg ntawm flowering, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau pub nrog urea. Ib lub hlis tom qab, nws tsim nyog yuav tau npaj lwm qhov ntxiv, uas yuav tsum muaj xws li cov organic teeb meem, ammonium nitrate thiab urea, nyob rau hauv cov qauv uas tau qhia hauv cov lus qhia. 
Ua lub caij nplooj zeeg loosening, nws yog qhia kom fertilize cov av nrog superphosphate thiab poov tshuaj chloride.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab tsuag hauv kab lis kev cai yog tu zoo: sij hawm txiav ntawm cov pob txha qhuav thiab lub cev, zom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lwj thiab poob qis, thiab lwm yam.
Kev tiv thaiv txau
Yuav kom tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv cov tsos ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag hauv kab lis kev cai, txau yog nqa tawm.
Yog tias koj xav kom tiv thaiv cov ntoo ntawm scab, nws yuav tsum siv tshuaj tsuag Bordeaux sib tov (1%) los yog tooj liab oxychloride (0.5%) ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau hais, nyob rau theem ntawm kev so thiab tom qab paj.
Kev daws ntawm colloidal sulfur, 20-30 g ntawm uas yog diluted nyob rau hauv 10 liv dej yuav pab tiv thaiv tsob ntoo los ntawm powdery mildew.
Lub pear yuav tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab tsuag los ntawm tiv thaiv Txau nrog ib tug daws ntawm Karbofos los yog Nitrafen (300 g / 10 l).
Kawm ntxiv txog kev sib ntaus tawm tsam qee yam kab mob (xeb, kab mob hlawv) thiab kab tsuag (npauj, gall mite) pears.
Cropping thiab crown tsim
Pruning crown "Nyiam" siv 2 zaug hauv ib xyoos - nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg. Nrog kev pab ntawm riam tshwj xeeb los yog cov secateurs, cov ceg qhuav thiab raug mob raug tshem tawm. Yuav kom tsim tau lub crown, ceg uas loj hlob vertically yog tseem txiav, thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tau luv me ntsis. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tag nrho cov wounds ntawm lub cev ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau kho nrog vaj twawb. 
Kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam txias thiab nas
Ib lub sapling nyob rau lub caij ntuj no yuav succumb mus rau ntau yam kev ntsuam xyuas - vim qhov kev tua ntawm nas thiab cov huab cua txias. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub zog "Nyiam", nws yuav tsum ua tib zoo npaj rau lub caij ntuj no. Tshaj tawm cov nas tsuag thiab pob zeb tawm ntawm daim tawv ntoo ntawm lub tsob ntoo yuav pab tau sib tov ntawm av nplaum thiab mullein, uas yog coated nrog "tawv" ntawm pob tw. Nrog tib lub hom phiaj, tus nroj tsuag yuav qhwv hauv sackcloth los yog fir twigs.
Nrog hais txog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov khaub thuas, nws yog ib qhov txaus rau mulch cov av, txij li no ntau yam yog heev lub caij ntuj no-Hardy.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, kom dhau los ua tus tswv ntawm qhov "Clappest Favorite," nws tsis txaus los cog tsob ntoo, nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau muab nws rau kev saib xyuas zoo. Raws li cov kev cai thiab cov qauv ntawm kev saib xyuas, koj nyiam pear yuav ua tsaug rau koj cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov cua ntawm lub hnub.
