Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj txog 10 txhiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam - ntawm xws li ib tug loj npaum li cas kuv xav mus rau ntsiab ntau yam "Ilya ntawm Murom". Nws tau ntev tau xav tias qhov nyiam ntawm gardeners, thiab rau dab tsi nws hlub - cia peb kawm nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.
Kev piav qhia thiab yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog cov txiv hmab "Ilya Muromets", cia peb nyeem cov lus piav txog ntau yam. Lub npe ntawm no nroj tsuag yog xaiv zoo kawg nkaus - lub vine muaj ib tug loj heev thiab muaj zog pob tw. Ntawm lwm hom ntau yam no yog ib tus hero tiag tiag.
Cov nplooj yog cov loj, feem ntau qhov loj yog siab tshaj qhov nruab nrab, cov xim yog lub teeb ntsuab, lub veins yog kom meej meej pom. Pawg yog loj, hnyav tuaj yeem ncav 1 kg, nruab nrab qhov ceev, lawv cov duab yog voos.
Lub berries loj hlob loj - 2-2.5 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, liab doog. Qhov no yog ib lub rooj ntau yam, lub berries saj Sweet, tej zaum qaub. Los ntawm kev saib xyuas kom zoo ntawm lub nroj, koj tuaj yeem tau txais li 7 kg ntawm qoob loo los ntawm ib tug Bush.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txiav txim siab los sau - xaiv ib lub hnub thiab qhuav tshav ntuj. Harving grapes on ib rainy hnub ua rau cov berries unsuitable rau kev thauj mus los thiab cia - lawv tawg.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Paub cog qoob ntawm L.T. muab lub neej rau no ntau yam. Shtin thiab I.M. Filippenko. Nyob rau hauv 1962, los ntawm hla lub ntau yam Pobeda thiab Severny, lawv muaj peev xwm coj tawm grapes, uas muaj ib theem siab ntawm Frost tsis kam thiab ib qho thaum ntxov ntawm ripening. Tsis tas li, hoob kawm no muaj high yield thiab tiag heroic loj. Ua tsaug rau cov kev zoo no, "Ilya Muromets" sai tau los ua ib qho kev nyiam nyob hauv lub vaj cog qoob loo.
Cov qauv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog "Vostorg", "Talisman", "Arcadia", "Original", "Moldova".
Nta thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lwm yam
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam, uas txaus siab qhov txawv "Ilya" ntawm ntau ntau lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, muaj kev nyab xeeb ntaus nqi rau cov no:
- High theem ntawm Frost tsis kam ntawm grapes ("Muromets", tom qab los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas ntawm gardeners, muaj peev xwm tiv ntawm kub txog -26 ° C);
- Siab tawm los ntawm ib tug Bush;
- Thaum ntxov ripening (thawj berries yuav muaj kev lom zem 110 hnub);
- Kev loj hlob sai thiab tsim ntawm tua tom qab cog rau hauv av qhib;
- Lub nyias nyias ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov pob txha me hauv.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv Spain, muaj ib qho nthuav New Year kev lig kev cai - thaum ib tag hmo, ua ib tug xav rau lub xyoo tom ntej, es tsis txhob haus ib khob ntawm champagne, lawv noj 12 txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ib qho rau txhua chime ntawm tswb.
Tsav cov cai
Txiav txim siab cog lus tias "Ilya Muromets" nyob hauv koj lub vaj, xaiv lub hnub ci ntsa iab, tsuav yog tsis muaj qhov tsim hauv qhov chaw no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas xaiv txoj cai sapling rau cog:
- Seedlings yuav tsum dawb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob;
- Lub hauv paus system yuav tsum zoo tsim.
Cog "Muromtsa" raws li nram no - 1.5 * 3 los yog 1.25 * 2.50. Saplings poob pw tsaug zog nrog av sib tov, thaum lub sij hawm ua ib tug toj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Lub xeem tab sis tseem ceeb heev ntawm tswv yim yog tias pegs los yog lub ntsej muag yuav tsum tau nruab ib sab ntawm lub cog bushes thiaj li hais tias cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tau muaj ib qho chaw zoo rau txoj kev thaum tab tom loj hlob. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Sweet berries nyiam wasps. Yuav kom tsis txhob qhia cov qoob loo nrog kab, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los kho cov txiv hmab nrog cov tshuaj tua kab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis mus nyiam wasps - nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm txiav lub pawg nrog ripe berries.
Kev kho mob
"Ilya Muromets" - unpretentious ntau yam. Yuav kom loj hlob ib tug hero nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb, ib tug ntau ntawm kev rau siab yog tsis tsim nyog. Nws yog txaus kom muab sim tab sis niaj zaus watering, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv arid lub caij ntuj sov, thiab tseem yuav ua rau qhov tseeb noj thiab raws sij hawm txiav tus tua.
Watering
Paub tias muaj ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo ("Ilya of Murom"), xws li) dej ntau txheej txheem. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias rau kev loj hlob sai thiab ripening ntawm berries xav tau dej. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau dej txhua txhua hnub, thiab nrog pib ntawm autumn txias, watering yuav txo tau mus ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Tab sis, nco ntsoov cov kev piam sij ntawm ntau cov av noo noo, sim kom tsis txhob dej nyab lub bushes.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Pub grapes zoo dua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Ib txhia gardeners yog qhia kom fertilize nrog humus, txawm li cas los, yog hais tias koj tsis yog ib tug txhawb ntawm pej xeem tshuaj, nyob rau hauv lub lag luam qoob loo muaj ib qho loj npaum li cas ntawm fertilizer rau grapes, nrog rau qib siab ntawm cov tshuaj minerals.
Pruning
Pruning ntawm vines yuav hu ua txoj cai tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm no nroj tsuag. "Murom" yog nquag mus tshaj, yog li no ntau yam yuav tsum tau txiav kom tsis tu ncua thiab tsis tu ncua. Lub pruning pom zoo los ntawm gardeners yog nqa tawm ntawm 9-10 lub qhov muag, thaum lub siab tshaj plaws pes tsawg tus tua on ib Bush yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 45. Thaum wielding shears los yog txiab nyob rau hauv lub vineyard, sim kom tsis txhob puas qhov tua.
Koj puas paub? Grapes tsis tsuas yog ib tug delicious cua - nws kuj yog siv los kho cov kab mob ntawm lub gallbladder thiab mob siab.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Nws yuav zoo li hais tias xws li ib tug grape-hero thiab kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsum yog heroic, tab sis tsis. Cov kab mob hu ua fungal, nyob rau hauv particular grey mold thiab mildew, yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau koj cov vineyards thiab qoob loo nws tus kheej tag nrho.
Grey rot yog nyuaj kho. Txawm nrog niaj zaus txau ntawm fungicides, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm infecting txiv hmab nrog no fungal tus kab mob yog heev.
Mildew yog txaus ntshai thoob plaws hauv kev loj hlob, thiab txhua qhov ntawm cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem raug mob. Nce vaum, piv txwv li, vim yog lub caij nyoog los nag, pab txhawb kev mob ntawm tus kab mob no. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm mildew yog qhov kev sib kis ntawm kis mus rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub thawv; qee zaus nws yuav siv sij hawm ib hnub los yog rau lub grape harvest yuav tsis muaj kev cia siab.
Yuav kom txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob nrog cov kab mob fungal, cov tswv teb kev paub tau pom zoo kom nqa tawm agrotechnical ntsuas los tiv thaiv lawv cov kev tiv thaiv:
- li niaj zaus kev soj ntsuam ntawm bushes thiab pub mis;
- prophylactic kho nrog fungicides;
- tshem tawm cov dej ntau dhau;
- obligatory pruning ntawm qhuav ceg;
- txiav tawm spoiled berries nyob rau hauv lub vine thiab nplooj;
- burning ntawm cov seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas yuav raug rhuav tshem (lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muab pov rau hauv av nyob rau hauv ib tug Bush).
Tsis tas li nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nqa tawm kev tiv thaiv los ntawm oidium, Alternaria, phylloxera, thrips, tsikadok, mealybug, wormworms, grape pruritus.
Tawm
Tawm ntawm "Ilya Muromets" yog siab. Thaum tau muab lub vaj txiv hmab rau txoj kev saib xyuas zoo, koj tuaj yeem sau los ntawm 5 mus rau 7 kg los ntawm ib lub hav txwv yeem. Thiab qhov no, koj pom, ntau.
Tom qab nyeem cov txiv hmab "Ilya Muromets", tom qab nyeem cov lus piav txog ntau yam, nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg hais tias nws yog qhov tseeb tsim nyog ntawm kev ua ib daim ntawv rau koj lub vaj.
