Thaum xaiv ntau yam ntawm Cherry rau cog gardeners noj mus rau hauv tus account ntau yam zoo. Qhov no thiab yooj yim ntawm cog, unpretentious kev kho mob, high yields, tsis muaj teeb meem nrog pests thiab tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm cov kab mob.
Generous Cherry yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau cov kev xaiv no, uas yuav paub meej tom qab nyeem nws cov lus piav qhia.
Ntau yam piav qhia
Cov lus piav qhia ntawm ib tug dav Cherry ntau yam yog me ntsis txawv los ntawm kev piav qhia ntawm nws cov congeners.
Ntau yam yog hais txog hom bushy ntoo, ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 2 m, hloov puab thiab nruab nrab nplooj. 
Sprouts Bush sprawling, nrog rau lub siab ntawm txoj kev loj hlob. Thaum lub sij hawm zuj zus rau ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav-zoo li lub pob zeb mus txog 4 xuab moos nyob rau hauv loj, nrog ib tug me ntsis txawv los ntawm nws. Lub raum yog resistant rau tsawg kub.
Tej zaum koj tseem yuav xav tau xws li ntau yam ntawm cherries li: "Miracle Cherry", "Mayak", "Izobilnaya", "Morozovka", "Ural Ruby", "Lyubskaya", "Zhukovskaya", "Turgenevka".Flowering tshwm sim nyob rau thaum kawg ntawm May nyob rau hauv inflorescences, txhua nrog 3-4 dawb paj. Lub paj yog nruab nrab, nrog ib tug dawb npaj ntawm cupped petals. Cov paj tau muaj theem siab heev.
Cov nplooj yog elongated tsaus ntsuab nrog serrated sawv thiab ib tug wedge-puab lub hauv paus. Qhov saum npoo ntawm nplooj yog glossy. Deciduous petioles 1.2 cm ntev, 1 mm dav.
Cov tawm los ntawm Bush on nruab nrab yog 15 kg.
Koj puas paub? Lub caij ntuj no Cherry ntau yam tuaj yeem ua kom muaj peevxwm mus txog-35 ° C.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Lub siab dav Cherry ntau yam yog bred los ntawm xaiv los ntawm tagnrho dawb-pollinated txhua xyoo seedlings ntawm Ideal ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub Sverdlovsk horticulture yug me nyuam chaw nres tsheb. 
Cov ntau yam yog sau npe hauv Lub Xeev Sau Tseg ntawm Kev Ua Tshaj Ua Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Lavxias teb sab xyoo 1958.
Founders ntawm ntau yam - N.I. Gvozdyukova thiab Zhukov S.V.
Cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam ripen lig thiab tsis ncaj ncees. Sau lub sij hawm los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj thiab pib ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Lub berries yog khaws cia rau ib ntev ntev thiab nyias stalk, yog li lawv tsis crumble rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. 
Nyhav: 3-4 xyoos
Xim: tsaus liab.
Tsab Ntawv: sib npaug, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub sab saum toj yog ib tug me me funnel.
Saj: qab zib thiab qaub.
Pulp: nruab nrab ntom nti, watery.
Pob zeb: loj, yooj yim sib cais los ntawm lub pulp.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua tsaug rau lub tuab pulp, lub berries tso tsheb thauj mus los ntev ncua kev.
Tsaws
Av rau cog yog zoo dua xaiv ntawm ib lub toj, tsis muaj ze rau hauv av. Kev ntub av tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus cherry hauv hoob no. Qhov zoo tshaj yog tshav ntuj sab ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv.
Koj puas paub? Yuav kom nce lub tawm los, qhov tsaws ntawm lub siab dav ntau yam yog ua nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm xws li ntau yam ntawm cherries: Maksimovskaya, Subbotinskaya, Polevka.
Av rau av tsaws npaj ua ntej. Nyob rau hauv lig Autumn los yog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav (tsawg kawg 2 lub lis piam ua ntej cog), cov av yog dug li, fertilizer yog thov. Tus nqi ntawm fertilizer yog xam nyob rau hauv qhov ratio ntawm 40-60 g ntawm superphosphates, 20-30 g ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev thiab 10-15 kg ntawm humus ib 1 square meter.Yog hais tias cov av yog acidic, ces 100 g ntawm txiv qaub yuav ua ntaub ntawv thov mus rau txhua square square.
Cog yuav tsum noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog cog cov khoom. Saplings yuav yuav nyob rau hauv vaj khw muag khoom, thiab koj muaj peev xwm loj hlob koj tus kheej.
Txoj kev loj hlob cog cov khoom:
Siav qhov phiaj xwm.
Rau qhov no, ib qho tseem ceeb yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm noob (noob) rau tom ntej cog. Noob yog coj los ntawm kev noj qab nyob zoo thiab ripe berries, tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob los yog deterioration.
Noob npaj tsis hais tshwj xeeb kis ua ntej cog. Cov noob qoob yuav muab khaws cia rau hauv tej lub thauv uas tsis muaj ib txheej substrate los yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub ntub ntub dej ntawm sawdust, xuab zeb thiab ntxhuab.
Ua ntej cog, noob yuav tsum tau npaj los ntawm soaking lawv nyob rau hauv dej rau 7 hnub.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nrog xws li cov noob npaj, txhua hnub hloov dej yuav tsum tau ua.
Lub sij hawm ntawm cog cov noob tuaj yeem tuaj yeem nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg. 
Autumn lub sij hawm rau cog yuav tsum tso cai ntawm ib theem ntawm so ua ntej germination rau noob. Lub caij ntuj no lub sij hawm txhawb rau qib no thiab yuav pab tau tawv cov noob. Tab sis huab cua cov huab cua yog tsis ib txwm dej siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam sab qaum teb.
Qhov feem ntau qib siab thiab txhim khu kev qha yog cog cov noob nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Ib tug zoo caij nplooj ntoos hlav germination yuav ua rau kom zoo noob germination (ntev laus ntawm noob rau accelerate germination).
Lub stratification theem yuav siv sij hawm 150-180 hnub thiab muaj cov theem nram qab no:
- ntawm thawj theem pib, cov noob raug tua kom ntev li 10 feeb nyob rau hauv ib qho kev qaug zog (paj yeeb) ntawm cov kua tshuaj permanganate;
- ces noob raug muab tso rau cov kab mob hauv cov hmoov sib tov ntawm sawdust, ntxuav dej xuab zeb los yog sphagnum ntxhuab. Muaj xws li cov khoom cog thaum kub ntawm 15 ° C mus rau 20 ° C;
- ntawm thawj tshwm sim ntawm cov kab txiav (tawg ntawm cov noob), lub thawv yog muab tso rau hauv ib chav txias txias (los yog tub yees) nrog cua kub ntawm 2 ° C mus rau 6 ° C;
- thaum peb feem ntawm lub noob germinates, lawv yog yuam kom harden. Ua li no, ib lub thawv nrog cov khoom cog tau tuaj yeem sab nraud (raws li txoj cai, lub theem no ntawm kev ua kom poob rau lub caij ntuj no), yog tias huab cua tsis ruaj khov tsis muaj kev hloov hauv cov kub. Koj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov noob qe hauv cov chav (cellars) los ntawm qhov tso cov noob los ntawm dej khov los yog daus.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua ntej txhua theem ntawm stratification, lub noob sib tov yuav tsum tau moistened thiab sib tov rau cov cua nkag.
Germinated thiab hardened noob yog cog nyob rau hauv ib qho qhib thiab npaj av nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum huab cua tej yam kev mob twb tau tsim thiab txias rov qab tsis xav tau. Nyob rau ntawm thaj chaw uas tau xaiv, grooves yog ua kom muaj qhov tob ntawm 5 cm, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov grooves yog tsawg kawg yog 30 cm Cov noob ua ntej tso tawm los ntawm lub substrate thiab pw tawm mus rau hauv grooves ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 5 cm los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Placed noob sprinkled nrog lub ntiaj teb, moistened thiab them nrog ib tug txheej ntawm sawdust, straw los yog quav nyab (mulch). 
Kom cog qoob loos los ntawm ib lub pob zeb yog ib txoj haujlwm zoo uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab lub cev. Nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab txoj kev pom kev loj hlob ntawm ib tsob ntoo ntoo - txiav hauv paus system los yog cog koj tus kheej seedlings.
Kornosobstvenny cog khoom (tua, paus cuttings).
Feem ntau ib tsob ntoo muab nce mus rau ib ceg nyob rau hauv lub periphery ntawm crown. Xws li txoj kev loj hlob yog dug nrog ib feem ntawm hauv paus system, retreating los ntawm lub pob tw tsawg kawg 20 cm, thiab transplanted mus rau ib qho chaw mus tas li.
Lub sij hawm hloov tom tsev yog lub caij nplooj zeeg thaum ntxov los yog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav (ua ntej qhov pib ntawm buds).
Yog hais tias kev loj hlob ntawm no overgrowth yog qaug zog, ces nws yog zoo dua mus rau nws loj hlob nyob rau hauv tsev rau lub caij ntuj no. Cov av rau xws li "tu" yuav tsum tau fertilized, xoob nrog tas mus li noo noo.
Lub txiav ua haujlwm yuav siv qhov chaw los txiav cov hauv paus hniav. Rau qhov no, lub Upper keeb kwm yog raug thiab lub stalks yog 15 cm ntev thiab 0.5-1.5 cm dav. Cov seem yog inclined.
Lub sij hawm ntawm ntxawm paus cuttings yuav tsum kuj poob rau hauv lig Autumn los yog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav (ua ntej qhov tsos ntawm buds). Rau lub caij ntuj no, xws li cov khoom cog yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub taub ntim nrog ntub ntxuav dej xuab zeb thiab khaws cia ntawm 0 ° C.
Lub cuttings yog cog nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv lub qhov tshij npaj ntawm ib tug deb ntawm yam tsawg kawg 10 cm los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Muab lub cuttings nyob rau hauv lub qhov obliquely, nco ntsoov txiav lawm. Sab qaum ib feem ntawm tus lej txha yuav tsum tau them nrog av tsawg 1 cm, qhov tob ntawm qis ib feem yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 3-5 cm. 
Thaum lub seedlings rau 3-4 branching keeb kwm, thiab visually lawv saib noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog, lawv yog transplanted mus rau ib tug mus tas li, npaj ua ntej npaj. Thaum lub sij hawm hloov, lub hauv paus system yog me ntsis trimmed thiab moistened (yog hais tias lub keeb kwm qhuav) ntawm tso rau hauv dej rau 6-10 teev.
Cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg tso cai rau lub seedling mus noj paus, tab sis qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm frosting nyob rau hauv lub snowless lub caij ntuj no lub sij hawm tseem nyob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tau los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog. Sai li sai tau cov av thaws los ntawm snow thiab dries me ntsis - koj tuaj yeem pib cog.
Cov cuab yeej ntawm cog seedlings hais txog cov nram qab no:
- ib tug cog pit yog dug nyob rau hauv raws li txheej ntawm av: lub Upper thiab qis txheej ntawm av raug muab faib ua cais pawg;
- qhov ntev ntawm lub qhov taub yog pom: txog li ib lub tob ntawm 80 cm, ib txog li 60 cm;
- ib tug peg yog teev nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm aub tsiv (los txhawb kev verticality), uas yog muab pov tseg nrog rau txheej sab saum toj ntawm av ntom av tov nrog humus;
- ib tug sapling yog muab tso rau hauv qhov tsaws aub tsiv, lub keeb kwm yog ncaj rau ntawm tsim mound thiab sprinkled nrog ntxiv lub ntiaj teb;
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub hauv paus caj dab yuav tsum tau theem nrog cov av.
- lub qhov rooj tsaws tsaws zoo yog txig nrog dej thiab mulched on to top ntawm humus los yog sawdust;
- lub seedling yog khi li nrog ib tug "daim duab ntawm yim" (thiaj li hais tias lub duav tsis yog tsim on lub pob tw) mus rau peg.
Thawj ua tiav fruiting ntawm xws li seedlings tshwm sim rau 3-4 xyoos. 
Kev kho mob
Dhau hauv lub neej, ib tsob ntoo lws txuas mus rau hauv cov theem nram qab no: kev loj hlob (kev loj hlob), khov thiab ziab tawm.
Kev kho mob ntawm ib qho ntawm cov theem no muaj nyob rau hauv cov kev ua yooj yim - raws sij hawm kev ywg dej, txhim kho cov ntoo thiab kev tiv thaiv / kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kab mob. Xws li tu ncua prolongs lub sij hawm ntawm active fruiting.
Koj puas paub? Kev kho kom zoo ntawm qib kawm guarantees ntev lub neej ntawm Bush mus txog 35 xyoo nrog ib tug siab tshaj txhua xyoo fruiting rau 25-30 xyoo.
Watering
Cov dej tsis tu ncua yuav ua rau kev loj hlob zoo (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tub ntxhais hluas). Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov hnub kub, qhov tso cai yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv ib qho nyiaj tsis tsawg tshaj li 5 thoob dej. 
Yog xav khaws cia dej ntub dej tom qab txhua qhov dej tuaj yeem ua rau mulch lub ntiaj teb ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum lub sij hawm fruiting yuav tsum tau tshaj dej.
Mature thiab nquag fruiting ntoo nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub caij ntuj sov yog txaus 3-zaug watering ib xyoos twg.
Thawj watering ua tam sim ntawd tom qab lub caij flowering. Tom qab watering -in ripening berries. Qhov kawg watering yog ua nyob rau hauv Autumn, ua ntej ntawm txias snaps.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Ntau fruiting cherries nyob ntawm qhov nyiaj ntawm cov as-ham uas tau ua los ntawm tsob ntoo thaum nws txoj kev loj hlob. Cov chiv tau thov txhua xyoo los txhawb nws.
Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej lub caij loj hlob, nitrogen chiv (ammonium nitrate) yog siv rau ntawm ib tug tablespoon ib thoob dej. Rau ib tug hluas ntoo, ib lub thoob ntawm xws li ib tug daws yog txaus, thiab rau ib tug neeg laus nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau deposit 2-3 thoob ntawm kev daws. 
Kuj organic yog siv chiv (nyuj los yog npua quav). Xws li chiv yog siv raws li composts npaj nyob rau hauv qhov ratio ntawm manure thiab dej 1:10. Nqaij qaib qoob kuj tsim nyog rau lub hom phiaj no nrog rau cov dej 1:20.
Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, nws yog zoo dua mus pub nrog poov tshuaj sulfate nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 50 mg los yog superphosphate nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 100 g ib square meter.
Thaum noj thiab cog cov av, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias lub hauv paus system yog branched thiab hlob nyob rau hauv ib tug tob ntawm 20-40 cm Yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav txhua yam kev ua zoo kom tsis txhob puas lub keeb kwm. Hauv paus system hlob ib ncig ntawm lub periphery ntawm crown.
Pruning
Nyob rau hauv bushy cherries, fruiting nyob ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus ceg ntawm lub xyoo dhau los. Tsis muaj los yog tsis yog agrotechnology yog qhov ua rau qaug zog kev loj hlob ntawm ceg. 
Nyob rau ntawm ib tug txawv lub sij hawm ntawm Cherry kev loj hlob, 3 hom ntawm pruning yog lam:
- Tsim - tsim on ntoo rau cov ntoo ntawm qhov tseeb tsim ntawm lub yas. Ua li no, tag nrho cov qis sab tua raug txiav. Cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings sab tua raug txiav ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm 60 cm los ntawm cov av theem, thaum tawm hauv 10-12 core;
- Huv - tsim txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv lub Autumn los yog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej ntawm Bud tawg. Thaum pruning tshem tawm tag nrho cov tawg, diseased los yog qaug ceg ceg. Nrog ib tug tuab crown, pruning kuj siv rau thinning;
- rejuvenating - nws yog tsim txhua txhua 5-8 xyoos, thaum lub sij hawm uas auxiliary tua raug txiav tawm ntawm ceg, yog li hloov lub tsom kwm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob mus rau lub ntsiab ceg.
Koj puas paub? Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsim nyob rau ntawm qhov xaus ntawm ceg. Kev loj hlob thiab pab pawg buds tsis pw rau luv luv txiv hmab txiv ntoo ceg, uas tom qab ua rau ib tug qaug zog sau ntawm berries.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Cherries yog siab dav resistant mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests, tab sis unfavorable ntub huab cua puag rau tsim kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag.
Cov kab mob xws li coccomycosis, monilioz thiab klyasterosporiosis (qhov tob hauv qhov quav) yog qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws rau tsob ntoo.
Kokkomikoz - ib tug kab mob triggered by marsupial fungus. Tus kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej los ntawm qhov tsos nyob rau hauv ib sab ntawm lub foliage ntawm me me liab me ntsis, uas tom qab ua hauj lwm ua ke loj. Ntxiv nrog rau nplooj, berries kuj cuam tshuam.
Moniliasis - ib tug kab mob fungal provoked kuj los ntawm marsupial fungus, tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv lub cortex. Manifestations ntawm tus kab mob - lub nplooj tig xim av, fade thiab tom qab qhuav tawm. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo kuj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm fungus. Cov tsos mob yuav tsaus ntuj thiab blackening ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog ib tug cawv tsw.
Klesterosporiosis yog ib hom kab mob hu ua fungal, nrog los ntawm cov xim av uas muaj xim dub rau ntawm nplooj, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw uas tom qab yog tsim los ntawm kev tuag ntawm nplooj ntoos cov nqaij. 
Kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cov kab mob no yog nyob rau hauv xws li kev ua:
- nyob rau hauv tshem tawm thiab hlawv ntawm puas berries, nplooj thiab ceg;
- kom hla cov av nyob ze ntawm tsob ntoo;
- nyob rau hauv kev ua ntawm Bush hu thiab systemic fungicides ("Strobe", "Topaz", "Horus").
Cherry ya - ib kab uas lays qe nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Thaum lub larvae noj, cov nqaij yog noj, raws li ib tug ntawm uas xws li tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua pom: pits thiab dub specks.
Cherry aphid - nws larvae nqus SAP los ntawm nplooj, raws li ib tug ntawm lawv uas deform, tig dub thiab qhuav.
Cherry slimy sawfly yog ib qho kab uas txau ntawm nqaij ntawm nplooj, scraping tawm lub nplooj ntoos cov nplooj ntoos, ua rau nplooj rau qhuav tawm. 
Kab tsuag tiv thaiv yog ua cov ntoo nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb - cov tshuaj tua kab ("Karbofos", "Fufanon", "Iskra M"). Kev siv cov tshuaj yog piav txhua yam hauv cov lus qhia rau kev siv.
Koj puas paub? Cherry aphid - lub hwj chim qhov chaw rau cherry flies. Mus tshem ntawm ib tug cherry aphid, lub Cherry ya yog tseem rhuav tshem nyob rau tib lub sij hawm.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev tiv thaiv cov kab tsis tu ncua muaj xws li cov nram qab no:
- Phaus nplooj los yog mulch seem yog thaj av zoo heev rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob. Yog li ntawd, tuaj yeem tua cov nplooj thiab cov seem ntawm mulch yuav tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob;
- tsis tu ncua thiab raws sij hawm dawb nrog txiv qaub los yog chalky tov ntawm lub pob tw thiab cov ceg ntoo qis yuav tiv thaiv tau qhov kab mob thiab tiv thaiv cov ntxhuav ntawm overgrowing cov tawv ntoo;
- kev txiav cov ntoo yuav tsum raug kho nrog antiseptics (hlau 10% lossis tooj liab 5% vitriol, roj pleev xim) los yog lub voj voog dej;
- nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, lub cev ntawm cov ntoo yuav tsum raug rho tawm los ntawm cov nas los ntawm cov ceg ntoo, daim ntawv los yog vov tsev.
Cherry ntau yam Generous tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj nqis gardeners. Nws yog ntau hom dav dav uas tsis tas yuav siv txoj hauv kev kho nws txoj hauv kev kho mob. Nws yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov kub thiab txias heev, thaum muaj kev ruaj khov thiab cov qoob loo ruaj khov rau ntawm qhov nruab nrab-theem siab. 
Yooj yim cog ntawm cherries, uas tsis tas yuav tsum txawj tshwj xeeb, thiab unpretentious kev saib xyuas attracts txawm dav gardeners rau Generous ntau yam. Ntxiv mus, qhov no ntau yam tsis yog tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests, uas muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau nws plozhonoshenii.
