Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau nrhiav xws li ib qho unpretentious thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm thiaj li zoo nkauj nroj tsuag raws li petunia terry. Ci ntsa iab yuav nyiam cov xim txawm tias qhov tseem tsis tshaj plaws-dhau los ntawm.
Lawv yuav zoo nkauj kho txhua lub paj txaj, thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim tu lawv. Yog li ntawd, petunias yog li hlub los ntawm florist.
Kev piav qhia
Petunia yog ib lub paj ntoo tshiab. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov, nws hlob nyob rau hauv chaw kub thiab muaj xyoob ntoo ntawm South America. Qhov no yooj yim nroj tsuag tau muab nce mus rau ntau ntau yam ntawm petunias, uas yog tam sim no nrov thoob lub ntiaj teb.
Petunia Terry - ib xyoo twg hybrid, ntawm kev nyuaj ua hauj lwm ntawm breeders ntawm lub xyoo pua thib kaum. Nyob rau hauv tsos ntawm paj nws yog nyuaj rau nrhiav kev zoo sib xws ntawm petunia Terry nrog ib tug txheeb ze American. Cov me me zoo me ntsis mus txog 30 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab (muaj 45 cm), them nrog luxurious lush paj nrog corrugated petals. Cov xim palette yog ntau ntau: los ntawm cov daus dawb kom sib sib zog nqus ntshav. Nws blooms tag nrho lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg, mus rau txias heev. 
Koj puas paub? Lub npe "petunia" los ntawm Brazilian lo lus "petun", uas txhais tau hais tias "luam yeeb". Nyob rau hauv lub npe no hauv lub xyoo pua paub, qhov pib ntawm Petuski genus tau piav, vim nws cov nplooj zoo ib yam li cov pa luam yeeb..
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Terry ntau yam
Cov ntau yam ntawm petunia Terry tau muab faib ua ob pawg: loj-flowered nrog loj paj (10 cm los yog ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv lub cheeb) thiab ntau-flowered nrog me paj li 5 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog:
Angora - siab (txog li 45 cm) compact Bush, them nrog lush daj ntseg liab paj (7 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb). Pleases nrog nws zoo nkauj flowering los ntawm Lub rau hli ntuj mus rau thaum pib ntawm huab cua txias. Nws yog resistant rau cua thiab siab ntub. 
Valentine - haib Bush mus txog 40 cm nrog tuab ceg. Nrog nws loj Terry paj ntawm salmon xim nrog corrugated petals nws yog heev zoo sib xws rau carnation. Nws blooms thaum ntxov thiab blooms ntev.
Sonata - tsawg branchy shrub (txog li 30 cm) luxuriously decorated nrog loj snow-dawb lush Terry paj. Wildly blooms tag nrho lub caij ntuj sov kom txog rau thaum lub Cuaj Hli thiab tsis yog txaus siab mus rau tus kab mob. 
Pirouette - Qhov no yog lub loj-flowered ntau yam ntawm petunia. On haib bushes txog li 35 cm, loj buds (10-15 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb) nrog jagged petals sawv tawm ci. Cov xim yog txawv: ntawm liab dawb liab kom liab nrog dawb sawv, uas zoo nkaus li extraordinarily zoo nkauj, nrog rau kev hloov los ntawm ib tug xim mus rau lwm lub. 
Ob zaug cascade - densely branched bushes 35-38 cm siab nrog loj paj, mus txog rau 13 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Terry paj muaj cov nplaum petals thiab ntau yam xim: tsaus xiav, burgundy, lavender, daj ntseg liab. Petunia "Double Cascade" lub caij nplooj zeeg tuaj ib lub lim tiam ua ntej tshaj lwm tus. 
Duo - me me-flowered petunia. Gustovetvistye bushes (35 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab) them nrog lush paj (5 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb) ci xim: los ntawm dawb mus rau liab. Happen monophonic thiab ob-xim. Bloom tag nrho lub caij ntuj sov thiab tsis ntshai ntawm noo noo.
Koj puas paub? Niaj hnub ntau yam ntawm petunias zam huab cua phem (cua, nag, drought) zoo dua qub.
Loj hlob petunias los ntawm cov noob
Txawm hais tias petunia yog unpretentious nroj tsuag, loj hlob seedlings yog heev ib tug txheej txheem mob. Nws yuav tsum pib thaum Lub Ob Hlis - Lub Peb Hlis, tom qab ntawd lub paj yuav pib raws li txoj kev npaj hauv lub Tsib Hlis-Lub Rau Hli.
Substrate npaj
Cov av yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej, tab txawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, los ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm qub ntiaj teb, humus thiab xuab zeb nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag. Koj tuaj yeem yuav yuav ib qho tshwj xeeb substrate hauv khw. Yog li ntawd cog nroj tsuag tsis tau fungal kab mob, lub ntiaj teb yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb. Yuav ua tiav qhov no hauv ob txoj kev:
- Calcify lub substrate nyob rau hauv ib griddle los yog qhov cub, sau lub lauj kaub tais diav nrog nws rau sowing noob thiab ncuav tshaj cov kua txiv hmab txiv permanganate daws. Nyob rau hauv ib hnub twg, thaum twg cov av dries, nws yuav npaj txhij.
- Ncuav cov av rau hauv lub thawv rau cov noob kev loj hlob thiab ncuav boiling dej rau nws. Tom qab lub ntiaj teb txias, koj muaj peev xwm sow lub noob.
Ob qho tag nrho cov kev xaiv cia koj mus kiag li tshem ntawm teeb meem microorganisms, nyob rau hauv particular, thiab fungi.Sowing
Petunia noob yog heev me me (nyob rau hauv terry ntau yam noob yog drayar), yog li ntawd tsis cog lawv tsaug thiab npog lawv nrog ib tug tuab txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Ib tug los ntawm ib tug, lawv kis tau rau ntawm qhov chaw npaj thiab me ntsis nias rau hauv cov av, watered nrog ib tug stimulant. Sab saum toj seedlings yuav tsum tau them nrog iav los yog zaj duab xis thiab muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw sov. Huab cua kub yog + 20 ... + 23 ° C.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Germination ntawm petunia noob yog heev high. Tab sis Terry ntau yam tsim heev me ntsis noob khoom, los ntawm uas tsuas yog hais txog 25% ntawm seedlings sib nug xov mus rau ntau yam yuav tau. Feem ntau nws yuav yog qhov qaug zog thiab thinnest qe. Rau ib tug ntau dua guarantee, nws yog zoo dua cog cov noob yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb khw.
Seedling kev kho mob
Tom qab ob lub lim piam, thawj tua yuav tshwm. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tshem tawm cov iav los yog zaj duab xis txheej thiab muab lub thawv nrog lub seedlings on ib tug zoo-zes qhov rooj sill. Lub sprouts yuav tsum tau watered thiab sprayed tsis tu ncua thiab moderately, tab sis tsuas yog thiaj li hais tias lub ntiaj teb tsis qhuav tawm thiab tsis dhau ntub, txwv tsis pub lub nroj tsuag yuav poob mob. Yog tias chav no sov thiab tsis txaus, lawv kos tawm. Koj tuaj yeem kho qhov teeb meem los ntawm kev txo kub thiab ntxiv teeb pom kev zoo, piv txwv li, nrog kev pabcuam ntawm cov roj fluorescent. Seedlings kuj yuav tsum tau noj 3-4 zaug ib hlis. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau cov ntxhia thiab organic chiv, tab sis qaib dung kuj siv tau.
Picks
Tshwm sim ntawm sprouts ntawm peb nplooj tseeb yog lub teeb liab hais tias nws yog lub sij hawm los ua tus tuaj tos. Yog hais tias cog qoob loo tsis yog nyob rau hauv cais cais, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv, ces ntawm ib tug deb ntawm txog 5 cm. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, koj yuav tsum tau pinch txhua tus nroj tsuag 1/3. Tom qab peb lub lis piam, yuav tsum rov qab dua ntawm 6-7 cm thiab yuav tsum rov qab xaiv dua ib zaug. Seedlings yuav tsum tau harden, nqa mus rau txoj kev los yog lawj, maj ntxiv lub sij hawm siv rau ntawm huab cua. Nyob rau hauv Tej zaum, thaum tsis muaj frosts, lub seedlings yog cog nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw mus tas li: ib flowerpot, flowerbed, ntim los yog pots. Qhov deb ntawm lawv yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg 25-30 cm, thiaj li hais tias muaj txaus qhov chaw rau kev loj hlob ntawm bushes. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tsis txhob ua underestimate txoj kev nchuav. Vim li no ib tug muaj zog compact Bush ntawm qhov tseeb yog daim ntawv..
Yuav ua li cas propagate lub nroj cuttings
Txij li nws yog tsis txaus lub sij hawm los sau cov noob siab zoo ntawm nws tus kheej thiab loj hlob los ntawm lawv terry paj, Zoo dua ntais ntawm petunia los ntawm txiav. Yog li ntawd cov tub ntxhais hluas Bush yog guaranteed mus inherit tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm leej niam cov nroj tsuag thiab yuav tiag tiag yuav ib tug terry petunia.
Kawm tag nrho cov subtleties ntawm yug me nyuam petunias cuttings thiab noob.Yuav ua li no, Bush, uas yuav yog qhov khoom ntawm cuttings, yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv chav tsev rau wintering nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg thiab tsim haum rau nws: lub teeb, coolness (+ 10 ... 12 ° C) thiab sim, txawm qis, watering. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cov tub ntxhais hluas tua mus txog 10 cm ntev, nrog tsawg kawg yog ob knots, yog txiav los ntawm no Bush. Nrog lawv koj xav tau kom tshem tag nrho cov nplooj, tsuas yog rau sab saum toj ob. Ceev ceev rooting yuav ua rau kom phytohormone tov, nyob rau hauv uas koj yuav tsum tau poob qhov cuttings ntawm cuttings. Rau rooting, txiav tua tau muab tso rau hauv lub khob ntawm dej, ntub xuab zeb los yog xoob av. Kom txog thaum lub keeb kwm tshwm, qhov cuttings xav ntau ntawm lub teeb thiab cua sov (+ 20 ... + 23 ° S). Kwv yees li ntawm xya hnub tom qab, cov hauv paus hniav yog tsim, uas txhais tau hais tias cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ib qho chaw "ruaj khov" nyob rau hauv av turfy nrog xuab zeb.
Yuav ua li cas tu rau ib tug kab npauj petunia
Kev tu ib tus petunia yog ib qho yooj yim, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua kom yog. Yog hais tias ib yam dab tsi tsis yog, lub nroj tsuag reacts nrog qaug zog flowering, tsis Bloom txhua, los yog feem ntau yog mob.
Teeb pom kev zoo
Petunias nyiam lub hnub, Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau cog rau sab hnub ci lossis hauv ib qho ntxoov ntxoo. Txig zoo rau lub sam thiaj txoj sab qab teb los yog sab qab teb hnub poob. Yog hais tias muaj ntau ntxoov thiab tsawg lub teeb, lub stems yog kos tawm, ntau nplooj thiab tsawg paj tshwm uas ua tsawg zoo nkauj.
Nws yog cov tub ntxhais hluas, ntoo, carnation, aster, thyme, tswb, yaskolka, stonecrop, edelweiss, sage (salvia), geykher thiab yarrow, thiab petunia, light-loving perennial nroj tsuag, yoog rau lub neej nyob rau hauv qhib, qhov chaw zoo.
Watering
Terry petunias muaj peev xwm zam huab mob: drought thiab waterlogging. Tab sis rau cov nroj tsuag los tsim feem ntau thiab beautifully Bloom, nws yuav tsum tau niaj zaus watering. Peb tsis tuaj yeem tso cai rau lub vaj lub tsev kom qhuav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kab laug sab npua puas. Nyob rau lwm cov tes, nws yog tsis yooj yim su dej rau stagnate nyob rau hauv hauv av, vim li no, lub keeb kwm yuav rot thiab ntau yam kab mob yuav tsim.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum nws yog kub, thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj tshuaj tsuag ntawm bushes loj hlob nyob rau lawj nrog dej yog ib tug zoo tiv thaiv ntawm kab laug sab mite.
Fertilizer
Petunia yuav Bloom profusely thiab tsis tu ncua yog hais tias nws yog pub nrog pob zeb hauv av ua chiv, uas muaj ntau ntawm cov poov tshuaj. Pub yuav tsum tau ua ob zaug ib hlis tag nrho cov sij hawm thaum cov nroj tsuag blooms.
Tshem tawm ntawm peduncles
Puas thiab faded buds yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Yog hais tias koj tso cai rau lub zes qe menyuam thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tawm los ntawm nws, qhov no yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov ntoo los ntawm ntau lub paj. Yog hais tias lub ovaries tshem tawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, tshiab paj yuav Bloom thoob plaws tag nrho cov flowering lub sij hawm.
Kab tsuag thiab kab mob
Lub txiaj ntsim ntawm kev tsis ua ntawm petunias yog lub yeej ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag:
- "Dub ceg" - Radical rot, nyob rau hauv uas qis ib feem ntawm lub qia ua mos, darkens, thiab cov nroj tsuag tuag. Qhov no muaj tus kab mob tshwm sim feem ntau nyob rau hauv seedlings vim tsis-ua raws li cov cai rau sowing noob thiab ntau watering ntawm seedlings. Yuav kom tiv thaiv kev tuag tuag ntawm seedlings, koj yuav tsum tam sim ntawd tshem tawm cov diseased nroj tsuag nrog ib tug lump ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Lwm cov seedlings yuav tsum tau kho nrog fungicides. Nws tseem yog tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj qhov tseeb dej kom cov dej tsis stagnate hauv av.
- Mealy dew - ib tug kab mob hu ua fungal uas npog nplooj thiab paj nrog dawb tawg. Qhov ua rau yog kev hloov pauv hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Lub cheeb tsam cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm sai sai los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab kho nrog sulfur.
- Muaj tseeb chlorosis - tsis muaj hlau nyob rau hauv paj, nyob rau hauv uas nplooj tig daj. Cov nroj tsuag tsis tau txais nws vim muaj ntau dhau ntawm calcium hauv av thiab watering nrog dej nyuaj. Fertilizers yuav pab nrog kev muaj hlau.
- Daj nplooj nyob rau hauv petunia vim tias tsis kub, tsis pom dej thiab kab tsuag.
- Spider mite - qhov kab laug sab liab, uas npog sab qis ntawm nplooj nrog ib tug dawb cobweb. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau nws, koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov nplooj nrog dej, ib qho qaug tshuaj luam yeeb, kua muag los yog tshwj xeeb insecticides.
- Aphid - ib kab me me ntawm ntsuab, grey los yog dub xim, uas tozhezhivet nyob rau hauv underside ntawm nplooj, siv cov kua txiv hmab txiv los ntawm nplooj, vim tias lawv qhuav tawm thiab curl. Koj tuaj yeem tshem ntawm aphids nrog kev pab ntawm tshwj xeeb npaj txhij-los yog ib qho kev daws ntawm nicotine sulfate (1 g) nrog soapy dej (1 l). Ib hnub tom qab siv qhov cuab yeej no, tag nrho Bush yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog huv si dej.
- Whitefly - ib tug me me dawb npauj npaim, uas lays nws larvae nyob rau hauv underside ntawm nplooj thiab multiplies sai. Tshwm sim nyob rau hauv greenhouses thiab lwm yam nyob hauv chaw. Koj tuaj yeem txov nws tsuas yog nrog kev pab los ntawm kev npaj muaj permethrin.
