Ua ntej pib kev tsim kho, txhua tus tswv ntawm lub neej tom ntej xaiv cov khoom uas nws yuav ua. Raws li txoj cai, cov tswv tau xav nqe thiab lub zog. Kev lag luam niaj hnub muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov nqi, uas koj tuaj yeem yooj yim to taub. Peb yuav pab koj xaiv qhov kev xaiv tsim nyog tshaj plaws.
Lub tsev twg tsim?
Ua ntej pib txoj kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab tsis yog cov khoom siv xwb, tab sis kuj yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais nws hauv cov kev hauv qab no:
- Hu rau lub chaw ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, qhov chaw uas lawv yuav kos tus kheej qhov project rau koj nrog kev kwv yees lossis muab ib qho ntawm cov qauv. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no kim heev, tab sis tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov khoom siv zoo meej.
- Qee lub khw muag khoom pub txoj haujlwm pub dawb thaum yuav khoom siv rau kev tsim kho, qhov no feem ntau yog kev sib txuas loj, koj yuav xav saib xyuas lawv cov koom nrog. Qhov no tsis yooj yim heev, vim hais tias thaum lub sijhawm zoo kuj yuav tsis muaj qhov kev qhia hauv khw uas koj nyiam.
- Nrhiav qhov project hauv Is Taws Nem: ntawm qee qhov chaw koj tuaj yeem nrhiav qee yam uas haum dawb.
Ua ntej tso lub hauv paus ntawm kev teeb tsa, nws tsis yog qhov tsim txom kom caw cov kws tshaj lij uas yuav pab koj kawm cov av thiab suav seb lub hauv paus koj xav tau yog dab tsi.
Ib qho ntxiv, nws tsim nyog xav txog yuav ua li cas muaj ntau cov plag tsev yuav nyob hauv tsev. Ib-zaj dab neeg lub tsev muaj nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv, yog li nws tsim nyog xaiv qhov zoo thiab tam sim ntawd. Cov txiaj ntsig suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Tsis muaj ib tus ntaiv sab hauv, uas yooj yim dua thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, yog tias cov menyuam yaus lossis cov thaub laus nyob hauv tsev, koj tuaj yeem npaj tau koj qhov chaw kom zoo dua.
- Nws yog qhov yooj yim rau kev saib xyuas ntawm lub façade, txij li tus ntaiv tsuas txaus nce.
- Kev sib txuas lus mounting yooj yim dua, cov khoom siv me me yog xav tau yog tias thaj chaw me me.
- Thaum xam lub tsev 10 * 10 ntawm phab ntsa yuav nqa khoom tsawg dua.
Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo, uas suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Nws tsis yooj yim los npaj ib chav uas tsis muaj chav taug kev.
- Cov nyiaj tib yam yuav siv rau lub ru tsev thiab lub hauv paus zoo li 2-zaj phiaj xwm, tab sis thaj chaw nyob yuav ib nrab ntau li ntau.
- Yuav tsum muaj thaj av loj ntawm daim av.
Yog tias peb xav txog ob lub tsev ob leeg ua qhov kev xaiv, ces nws tsim nyog xav txog nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Qhov zoo xws li:
- Kev xaiv loj ntawm cov phiaj xwm thiab txuag chaw. Koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tsev hauv 120 lossis ntau dua square metres. m ntawm ib qho chaw me me ntawm thaj av.
- Kev xaiv ntau ntawm cov phiaj xwm muaj.
- Txuag cov khoom vov tsev.
- Lub peev xwm los txo tus nqi ntawm rwb thaiv tsev.
Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb:
- Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau tu lub faadeade, vim nws tau teeb meem mus rau hauv pem teb thib ob.
- Tsis zoo zoo rwb thaiv tsev nruab nrab ntawm cov plag tsev.
- Lub tsev muaj tus ntaiv, nws siv ntau qhov chaw pub dawb, thoob khib nyiab thiab hmoov av sau nyob hauv qab nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus qauv yog qhov nyuaj rau kov yeej los ntawm cov laus thiab cov menyuam yaus.
Cov cua kub
Yog tias lub tsev yog ib-zaj dab neeg, muaj lub sijhawm los txuag ntawm cov kav dej, vim tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov duab kos yog kheej kheej, tshav kub poob, feem, yog qhov tsawg. Ib cov khoom siv ntau dua tau siv rau ntawm ob-zaj lus qauv, txij li lub cubic daim duab yog qhov zoo rau nws. Thiab yog tias daim ntawv lag luam zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tsev uas muaj ib lub tsev yog thaj tsam ntawm 10x10, tom qab ntawd rau ob chav tsev nws yuav raug nqi tsawg dua thaj tsam ntawm 6x6 lossis 9x9 meters.
Dab tsi tsim ib lub tsev los ntawm?
Thaum xaiv cov khoom siv, cov lus nug tshwm sim ntawm ib qho uas yuav xaiv: cib thiab ntoo tsis tsuas yog kim heev, tab sis kuj siv sijhawm ua haujlwm ntau. Yog tias koj xav txuag, qhov kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum ua kom haum qhov thaiv. Txawm li cas los, ntawm no, dhau lawm, tsis yog qhov yooj yim. Muaj ntau ntau qhov thaiv ntawm ntau hom.
Aerated qhob
Aerated pob zeb ua ke nquag siv rau kev tsim kho cov tsev ntiag tug. Nws yog lub teeb yuag ntxig cov khoom siv nrog lub zog siab thiab tus nqi pheej yig. Xav txog nws cov nta:
- Aerated pob zeb ua ke sib txawv hauv lub zog. Ua raws li muaj pes tsawg plag hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum xaiv hom cim tsim nyog, qhov ntau dua nws yog, hnyav dua thiab kim dua cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li, D500 30x25x60 chav haujlwm hnyav kwv yees li 30 kg. Qhov no sib haum rau ib lub ntim ntawm 22 cib, qhov loj ntawm uas yuav yog 80 kg. Siv cov roj thaiv, koj tuaj yeem txuag nyiaj ntawm lub hauv paus.
- Thermal conductivity: vim yog cov qauv ua qhov ntxeem tau, cov cua sov tau zoo rau sab hauv phab ntsa.
- Breathable phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj. Xws li lub tsev muaj kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nws muaj nws tus kheej microclimate.
- Hluav Taws Kev Ruaj Ntseg: cov khoom tsis kub hnyiab.
- Muaj zog tiv taus huab cua: chav tsev tsis ntshai ntawm qhov ntsuas kub tsawg, lawv qhov sib txawv.
- Cov khoom siv tsis ntshai ntawm ya raws, txawm hais tias nws tsis nyiam tas li dej ntws tawm tas li.
- Kev ua tau zoo: qhov loj me tuaj yeem txo ntau txoj siv uas siv thiab nce kev ceev ntawm kev tsim kho.
- Nws yog qhov yooj yim pom, muaj cov npoo du, yuav luag tsis xav tau kev sib tsoo ntxiv, cov phab ntsa tau zoo du.
- Tom qab kev tsim kho, tsawg kawg tshwm sim, tsis tshaj 0.2-0.5%.
- Sib luag, uas txuag ntawm kev ua kom plaster.
Txhawm rau txuas cov aerated qhob thaiv, kua nplaum tshwj xeeb feem ntau siv. Cov Hoobkas thaiv tau yooj yim heev, kev sib txawv tsis ntau dua 1 hli, uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais lub laj kab zoo meej. Thaum siv kua nplaum, cov nqaws dej kuj tseem du, yog li koj tuaj yeem txuag ntawm cov khoom siv tau thiab cov plaster. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsis muaj cua sov poob, txij li lub masonry seam yuav tsis muaj qhov. Cov kua nplaum txheej yog nyias, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim heev; yuav ua li cas raws nraim tuaj yeem pom hauv video. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog yooj yim: cov kua nplaum siv rau cov nplov, thiab lawv tau muab tso rau sab saum toj ntawm txhua lwm yam nrog kev pab txhawb. Cov kua nplaum yog cov hmoov ua kom sib xyaw, uas suav nrog cov xuab zeb quartz, polymer thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntxiv, cov cement.
Nthuav av nplaum thaiv
Cov phab ntsa thaiv tau los ntawm cov khoom siv no muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ib txwm daws, txij li lawv siv ntau zaus ntau dua li lwm txoj kev xaiv thiab tau paub zoo heev rau ntau tus neeg ua tsev thiab cov tswv tsev. Lawv siv rau kev tsim kho tsis yog lub tsev ntiag tug xwb, tab sis kuj tseem siv tau los ntawm qee cov neeg tsim kho thaum tsim cov tsev siab. Qhov hnyav ntawm ib chav tsev tsis loj heev, qhov loj me me tso cai rau koj ua haujlwm yooj yim nrog nws, thiab tus nqi pheej yig tuaj yeem txo cov nqi tsim kho.
Qhov thaiv tau ua los ntawm kev sib tov ntawm pob zeb ua kom nthuav dav thiab nthuav dav av nplaum, muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tuav cov cua sov thiab lub zog siab. Nws qhov zoo:
- Tsim nyog tus nqi.
- Lub teeb hnyav - qhov nruab nrab li 15 kg.
- Ntev ntev.
- Lub peev xwm los tswj kom sov thiab cais lub suab.
Cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nthuav dav av nplaum:
- Qhov ceev - 700-1500 kg / m3.
- Yooj yim rau plaster.
- Nrog rau kev cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.
- Khov rau cov dej khov, noo noo, lwm yam huab cua.
- Nws tsis hlawv thiab tsis ntshai ntawm noo noo.
- Haum rau kev tsim lub hauv paus.
Qhov tsis zoo:
- Cov kev ua kom zoo nkauj tsis zoo nkauj, cov blocks tsis zoo, yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau plastering lossis ntxiv xov.
- Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau pom thiab haum.
Silicate thaiv
Qhov kev ntsuas silicate yog nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev zoo ib yam li cov aerated pob zeb, tab sis tsis muaj cov voids zoo li no. Nws yog tsim cov pob zeb ua pob zeb ua, pob zeb thiab cov nplais xuab zeb tsis tas siv lub tshuab ua pa. Qhov sib tov yog nias siv lub zog ua kom siab thiab tom qab ntawd calcined hauv qhov cub. Cov khoom siv no yog siv dav rau qhov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev ua haujlwm siab, tuaj yeem ua kom muaj suab nrov.
Lub ntsiab zoo muaj xws li:
- Siab lub zog, kav ntev. Los ntawm 25 cm tuab silicate thaiv, 9-zaj dab neeg lub tsev tuaj yeem tsim.
- Tsis ntshai hluav taws.
- Muab cov suab nrov zoo cais tawm.
- Tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm fungus thiab pwm nrog kev tu kom zoo.
- Tshuab pa.
- Yuav luag zoo kawg nkaus tiaj. Koj muaj peev xwm tsis plaster (txaus putty).
- Qhov chaw txuag.
- Siab nteg ceev thiab yam tsawg kawg nkaus ua haujlwm sab hauv.
Qhov tsis zoo:
- Ntau qhov nyhav, yog li cov qauv yuav xav tau lub hauv paus muaj zog.
- Yog tias huab cua txias txaus, lub silicate thaiv yuav tau ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo: nrog lub thaiv tuab ntawm 250 hli, lub rhaub nrog tuab ntawm 130 hli yog qhov xav tau.
- Yog tias chav nyob ntub, koj xav tau dej thaiv, yog li rau chav dej thiab chav dej nws tsis yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov lus: Sib piv cov nqi ntawm ib m2
| Cov yam ntxwv | Nthuav av nplaum thaiv | Silicate thaiv | Aerated qhob |
| Kev Coj Ua Thaum Tshav Kub, W / m2 | 0,15-0,45 | 0,51 | 0,12-0,28 |
| Cov txheej txheem te, hauv cov voj voog | 50-200 | 50 | 10-30 |
| Dej tsis kam,% | 50 | 17 | 100 |
| Loj, 1m2 ntawm phab ntsa | 500-900 | 300 | 200-300 |
| Lub zog, kg / cm2 | 25-150 | 162 | 5-20 |
| Qhov ceev, kg / m3 | 700-1500 | 1400 | 200-600 |
| Cov nqi | Los ntawm 1980 rubles rau ib fab | Los ntawm 1250 rubles | Los ntawm 1260 rubles rau ib fab |
Lub tsev twg tsim, koj xaiv, cov kev xaiv hais tawm muaj lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, tab sis lawv txhua tus sib txawv hauv lub zog thiab kav ntev. Tom qab koj ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov zoo, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab meej tias qhov kev xaiv twg zoo rau koj.
