Kua ntau "Sinap Orlovsky" Gardeners yog heev txaus siab tsis tsuas yog rau lawv zoo saj, kev nthuav qhia ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ntev lub neej txee, tab sis kuj rau kev zoo nkauj ntawm flowering ntoo.
Lub keeb kwm ntawm kua qe ntau yam "Sinap Orlovsky"
Cov kua ntau yam "Sinap Orlovsky" yog raug coj los siv rau xyoo 1955 los ntawm Tsoomfwv Tagnrho Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Loj Hlob Txiv Qoob Loo. Muaj ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntoo ntawm "Michurin Memory" thiab "Northern Synapse" ntau yam. Ua haujlwm ntawm cov creation ntawm ntau yam: N. G. Krasova, V. K. Zaets, E. N. Sedov, T. A. Trofimova. 
Yam ntxwv
Cov qhab nees yog nrov nyob rau hauv vaj tse, thiab nyob rau hauv ntiag tug. Kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj npe nrov rau lawv cov nqi ntshav siab thiab cov khoom zoo heev.
Nws tseem ceeb heev rau nyeem txog ntau hom txiv apples: "Bogatyr", "Orlik", "Welsey", "Spartan", "Npau suav", "Melba", "Dawb filling", "Candy", "Mantet", "Antonovka thiab Sunrise "thiab" Semerenko ".
Tsob ntoo piav qhia
Kua ntoo "Sinap Orlovsky" muaj ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm yuav ua li cas ntoo nrog heev loj loj thiab loj.
Lawv muaj ib lub koob yas thiab loj heev ceg. Lub ntsiab ceg ntawm crown yog tsawg - qhov no zoo heev facilitates kev saib xyuas ntawm cov ntoo thiab kom tus sau ntawm high-zoo cov qoob loo. Tab sis txawm li no, lub tsob ntoo kua yuav tsum tau siv sij hawm ntsig txog. Lub ntsiab ceg loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib txoj cai kaum, cov ceg yog qhia upwards. Lub bark ntawm Kua ntoo yog ntxhib thiab grey. Tus tua ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog xim av xim av nyob rau hauv cov xim, nrog dav, loj nplooj, uas yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm ib tug tsis tshua muaj kev npaj thiab tsaus ntsuab xim. Blooming loj buds ntawm lub teeb liab xim.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Txheej
Kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog loj, oblong, nrog ib tug muaj zog, ci iab, oily saum npoo. Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub tsob ntoo "Sinap Orlovsky" yog daj-ntsuab thaum lub sij hawm sau lub sij hawm, thiab kub-daj thaum lub sij hawm ripening lub sij hawm. Cov noob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog xim av, me me.
Koj puas paub? Raws li lub tasting nplai, qhov nruab nrab kev soj ntsuam ntawm saj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no muaj ntau yam yog 4.7 ntsiab lus.Cov nqaij ntawm ib daj ntseg ntsuab-xim cream yog txawv los ntawm juiciness, me ntsis aroma, qaub-Sweet saj.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam
Qhov ntau yam muaj cov nram qab no zoo:
- lub caij ntuj no hardiness;
- precocity;
- siab yield;
- high quality txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- ntev lub txee lub neej ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, yam uas tsis poob ntawm kev saj thiab tsos.
Koj puas paub? "Sinap "yog ib lub npe heev rau tag nrho cov pab pawg neeg ntawm ntau yam ntawm Crimean Kua ntoo.
Qib Kawm Txaus:- loj cov ntoo ntoo Sinap Orlovsky, uas yog ib qho teeb meem thaum cog hauv me me;
- nws ua rau me ntsis (yog tias tsis tshua muaj cov calcium hauv cov av);
- fruiting tom qab cog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv plaub lub xyoo;
- moderately resists pests, kab mob thiab scab.
Cov ntsiab lus thiab thaj tsam loj hlob
Muab hais tias tshaj li lub sij hawm, lub sapling hlob loj txaus, koj yuav tsum tau nrhiav ib tug tsis zoo qhov chaw rau cog. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ib tsob ntoo mus rau lwm tus yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 7 meters. Kua ntoo yuav hnov zoo nyob rau hauv lub hnub, tab sis muaj peev xwm yuav cog rau hauv ib feem ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo. Yog hais tias muaj ib qho tsis muaj lub teeb, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom txo tau tawm los ntawm cov ntoo thiab cov suab thaj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Rau kev loj hlob qub, nws yog zoo dua cog qoob kua txiv:
- on leached chernozem;
- loamy thiab xuab zeb xau;
- Nrog txhua xyoo fertilization, ib tsob ntoo muaj peev xwm yuav cog rau ntawm av av.
Lub sij hawm tsim rau cog Orlovsky Synaph kua ntau yam yog xam mid Cuaj hlis - Lub kaum hli ntuj. Tab sis koj muaj peev xwm kuj av nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ces lub tsaws pib nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj.
Cov kauj ruam-ua-theem txheej txheem ntawm cog seedlings
Cog yuav tsum tau muab qhov chaw nrog tus xav tias lub seedling yog loj hlob sai. Tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau ib qho chaw txaus thiab ib qho chaw loj, yog li ntawd nws yuav tsum cog ntawm cov ntoo siab.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cog yuav tsum tau nqa tawm thaum tsis muaj kev hem thawj ntawm Frost, pub kom lub seedlings yuav tuag.Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau cog ib qho kua ntoo Sinap Orlovsky yog:
- Qhov tob ntawm lub qhov taub yuav tsum yog yam tsawg kawg 80 cm, qhov dav thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub qhov yuav tsum yog 1 meter.
- Qhov yuav tsum tau ua 14 hnub ua ntej cog.
- Yuav kom loosen hauv qab ntawm qhov aub tsiv nrog ib tug rake.
- Muab cov kua ntxiv kom loj ntxiv nrog cov av nplaum lossis cov pob cib. Lawv yuav tsum ncuav mus rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov taub.
- Lub ntiaj teb yog tov nrog ntoo tshauv thiab quav tsiaj. Qhov ratio ntawm av thiab fertilizer yuav tsum 4: 1.
- Nyob rau hauv lub tiav lawm sib tov yuav tsum tau ntxiv potassium sulfate - 40 g thiab superphosphate - 80 g.
- Qhov sib tov tag nrho yog tov thiab tov rau hauv qhov dej. Tom qab qhov kev txiav txim, lub qhov yuav tsum tau ntim rau 1/3.
- Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau sau rau hauv av nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov, ua ib tug toj ntawm 20 cm.
- Tshawb xyuas cov keeb kwm ntawm cov kua ntoo "Sinap Orlovsky" ua ntej cog. Tshem tawm cov kab thiab qhuav. Muab lub yauv hauv dej rau 5 teev - qhov no yuav muaj txiaj ntsim zoo rau kev loj hlob thiab kev ciaj sia ntawm tsob ntoo.
- Muab lub seedling nyob rau hauv aub tsiv kom lub hauv paus caj dab yog tsawg kawg 6 cm deb ntawm hauv av.
- Nws yog tsim nyog los tso ib qho kev txhawb nqa nyob ze ntawm tsob ntoo, uas lub sapling yuav tsum tau khi.
- Tom qab ntawd straighten lub keeb kwm thiab evenly npog hauv av, tsis ntau tamping.
- Tom qab ntawd ncuav lub seedling nrog dej. Qhov no yuav ua rau peb lub thoob dej.
Nees, luav, nyuj, nqaij npuas thiab yaj quav yuav siv tau ua chiv rau cov ntoo hauv qab.
Lub caij ntu saib xyuas
Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias "Sinap Orlovsky" yog ib qho kev tsis sib thooj ntawm cov ntoo hauv paus, nws xav tau kev pab ntxiv. Thaum kev loj hlob ntawm ib tsob ntoo pib, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau txiav ntawm ceg.
Pollination ntawm tsob ntoo kua
No cov kua ntau hom yog tus kheej-fertile. Ib qho kev qhia tawm tau zoo yog tias tsis muaj huab cua thiab huab cua. Yog hais tias muaj cov ceg ntoo ntawm lwm yam nyob ze, qhov no yuav tsuas nce lub qoob loo ntawm no ntau yam.
Txau tawm tsam kab tsuag thiab kab mob
Mus kov nrog powdery mildew thiab scab "Sinap Orlovsky" muaj medium ruaj ntseg.
Mealy dew yog kab mob fungal. Nws yog manifested los ntawm cov tsos ntawm dawb Bloom (fungus) rau ntawm nplooj. Nws yog tawm tswv yim kom tiv thaiv tau kab mob thiab kis ntawm powdery mildew, lwm yam nws yuav ua kom nqus cov ntoo. Colloidal sulfur thiab tooj liab txuas tau siv los tiv thaiv thiab rhuav tshem hom kab mob no. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua puas lub qhov chaw ntawm tsob ntoo. Lub chaw pruning yog them nrog chalk nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag, txiv qaub mortar - nyob rau hauv cov laus.
Scab - hom fungus uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov av qeeg lossis cov pa cua nyob hauv cov ntoo hauv av. Thawj scab infects lub nplooj, thiab ces tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob yog: qhov zoo li ntawm ntsuab-xim av me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj, thiab sai sai rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tiv thaiv cov tsos ntawm scab fungi - disinfection thiab fertilization ntawm cov av.
Lub Orlovsky Synaph kua ntau yam kuj raug rau ib tug kab mob hu ua iav qhov tsuj. Yog vim li cas rau kev loj hlob ntawm no tus kab mob muaj peev xwm high humidity, lig sau, tsis khaws cia txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qis calcium cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov av, thiab ntau tshaj nitrogen chiv. Tus kab mob no ua rau nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub siab tawv me ntsis xim av me ntsis thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus me nyuam hauv ob tsob ntoo thiab thaum lub sij hawm cia. Rau kev tiv thaiv, tus nroj tsuag yog sprayed thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob rau lub caij nrog calcium tshuaj dawb. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob, nws yuav tsum tau sau qoob rau lub sij hawm thiab khaws cov txiv kom zoo.
Kev cai ywg dej
Yuav kom khaws lub tawm los ntawm cov ntoo Kua, "Sinap Orlovsky" nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej kom zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cov ntoo muaj dej tsawg kawg yog 1 zaug hauv ib lub lim tiam. Ib tsob ntoo yuav tsum muaj li 3 thoob dej. Rau uniform muab faib ntawm noo noo yuav tsum tau mus ua txhaum los ntawm cov av tom qab watering.
Fertilization
Kua ntoo "Sinap Orlovsky" yuav tsum tau fertilization tsis tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm cog, tab sis kuj thaum lub sij hawm kev saib xyuas ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Cov ntoo yog fertilized plaub zaug ib xyoos twg:
- thaum xaus rau lub caij ntuj no;
- thaum tiav ntawm lub raum tsim;
- tom qab flowering;
- thaum tua tau.
Kua cov qoob loo:
- Tom qab cog, tsob ntoo yog fertilized tom ntej caij nplooj ntoos hlav nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm manure thiab av nyob rau ntawm ib tug ratio ntawm 700 g ib 1 thoob.
- Nrog lub advent ntawm buds, urea crumbles rau hauv tsob ntoo ze ntawm lub pob tw, thiab cov av yog dug li.
- Tom qab ib lub sij hawm flowering, tsob ntoo yog fertilized nrog ib tug fertile daws. Nws muaj (ib 10 liv dej): urea - 60 g, superphosphate - 100 g, poov hlau - 40 g.
- Thaum cov qoob loo raug tua, cov kua ntoo Sinap Orlovsky yog fertilized nrog ib qho kev daws ntawm superphosphate: 10 liv dej plus 40 g ntawm superphosphate.
Cropping thiab crown tsim
Thaum nquag pib txoj kev loj hlob pib, cov ceg ntawm cov ntoo me me yuav tsum tau txiav. Thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo, tsuas yog ib feem peb ntawm cov ceg yuav tsum tau txiav. Pruning ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo yog 20-25 cm Nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pruning yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas cov ceg nyob rau hauv peb tiers yog sab laug. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, tsob ntoo yog txiav, yog li ntawd tsuas yog ib tug neeg xyuas pib tshua. Pruning ntawm cov ntoo hlob paub tab yog nqa tawm ntawm 40-45 cm. Nco ntsoov tshem tawm puas thiab qhuav ceg.
Kev tiv thaiv nas thiab hares
Nyob rau lub sijhawm txij li lub Kaum Ib Hlis - Lub Kaum Ob Hlis, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los tiv thaiv cov txiv ntoo hauv cov ntoo ntawm cov nas tsuag tsuag. Lawv gnaw daim tawv ntoo ntawm ib tsob ntoo, tawm hauv pob zeb yuav luag liab qab, uas yog qhov ua rau kev tuag ntawm tsob ntoo.
Kab Tsuag Kab Tsuag Tswj:
- Lub laj kab ntawm lub pob tw ntawm ib tug zoo hlau xaim mesh. Ib qho txuas nrog ib qhov siab ntawm 120 cm yog haum, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau bury nws nyob rau hauv hauv av los ntawm 30 cm Ua ntej Frost, koj muaj peev xwm qhwv lub thoob nrog vov tsev xav, burlap los yog polyethylene. Ib txoj kev zoo sib npaug yuav tsum muab qhwv lub cev nrog ceg ntoo.
- Kev siv cov neeg ua hauj lwm tshem tawm kuj tuaj yeem pab daws qhov teeb meem no. Koj tuaj yeem tua cov hnab yas ntawm cov ceg ntoo qis; hlais cov ribbons los ntawm cov kaus poom, ntswj lawv hauv kauv thiab nteg lawv nyob rau sab ceg ntoo kom lawv tsim suab nrov los ntawm sib tsoo. Koj tuaj yeem dai cov fwj nrog rau qhov uas yuav muab naphthalene - nws yuav ntshai tawm cov nas tsuag.
Harvesting thiab cia
Kua ntoo "Sinap Orlovsky" muaj cov qoob loo ntawm ib tsob ntoo laus mus txog 200 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub sij hawm ntawm tshem tawm ripeness rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam ntawm apples yog kawg ntawm Cuaj Hli. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov cim ntawm zoo heev preservation txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, vim hais tias nws yog ib lub caij ntuj no ntau yam ntawm apples.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws tsis pom zoo kom sau ua ntej lub sij hawm, nws tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis nyob rau hauv lub neej txee thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm saj.Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv cov thawv ntoo hauv qhov chaw txias txias. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhwv nrog ntawv los yog sprinkled nrog ntoo chips.
Summing up, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias qhov Sinap Orlovsky kua ntau hom tsim muaj qoob loo-loj thiab loj qoob loo nrog me ntsis kev rau siab. Ua raws li cov lus qhia, koj tuaj yeem cog qoob loo uas yuav kho koj lub vaj, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav zoo siab rau koj zoo tshaj plaws saj thiab ib qho kev pom zoo.
