Cov kev lig kev cai ntawm yug me nyuam pigeons originated ib tug ntev lub sij hawm ntev, feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub Mediterranean lub teb chaws. Pigeon nqaij nyob rau hauv tsos thiab saj tsa cov nqaij ntawm qus noog - nws yog ib qho kev noj haus thiab yooj yim digestible khoom uas yog haum txawm rau cov me nyuam me.
Niaj hnub no, ntau tshaj thiab ntau kiv cua ntawm poultry kev lag luam qhia tias txaus siab nyob rau hauv yug me nyuam pigeon nqaij breeds, uas yuav tsis tsuas yog ib tug nyiam ua, tab sis kuj yog ib qhov chaw ntawm cov nyiaj tau los replenishment. Tsab ntawv no piav qhia txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas nyuam qhuav pib ua rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb yuav tsum paub, los yog cov neeg uas tau txiav txim siab pib cog qoob loo ua ib hom lag luam.
Koj puas paub? Cov neeg Iyiv, cov neeg Greek thiab cov neeg Loos tau siv cov nqaij ua noj ua haus. Ancient Roman scholar Varro, hauv kuv xyoo pua BC. er tau piav txog lub imperial dovecote, uas muaj ntau tshaj 5,000 tus noog. Lawv tau tshwj xeeb yog fattened rau pab rau cov tsev neeg imperial thiab aristocratic nobility. Lub siab saj thiab kev noj haus zoo ntawm pigeon nqaij kuj txaus siab los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab kws kho mob Avicenna, uas pom zoo tias nws yuav tsum tau consumed los ntawm cov neeg mob.
Kev xaiv ntawm nqaij yug (pigeon nqaij zoo)
Cultivation ntawm pigeons ntawm nqaij breeds muaj ob peb nthuav cov yam ntxwv uas txhua tus neeg uas tau txiav txim siab los koom nyob rau hauv cov hom poultry ua liaj ua teb yuav tsum paub. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias pigeons yog unpretentious thiab heev nteg cov noog, uas nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub sij hawm muaj peev xwm los saib xyuas ntawm nrhiav rau cov khoom noj lawv tus kheej.
Tsis tas li ntawd, pigeons muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev sib txawv los ntawm lwm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov noog:
- thawj, lawv yog cov tsiaj noog, uas tau khaws cia rau hauv ntau pawg;
- ob, pigeons yog monogamous, uas yog, ib zaug tsim khub yog heev ruaj thiab tsis collapses (tsis suav qhov tuag ntawm ib tug neeg koom tes);
- thirdly, pigeons yog tsuas yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov noog uas tsim lub thiaj li hu ua "noog lub mis" uas lawv pub cov me nyaum qaib. Qhov no yog ib hom gruel, uas sawv tawm nyob rau hauv tus neeg laus cov noog nrog epithelium ntawm lub phab ntsa txiav. Ntxiv mus, qhov no tshuaj yog tso tawm tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv poj niam, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv Cov txiv neej, tsis zoo li cov tsiaj. "Cov noog cov mis" yog lub hauv paus rau khoom noj rau cov me nyuam qaib hauv thawj hnub ntawm lub neej.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej koj pib nqaij pigeons, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov uas twb muaj lawm txawm tias yuav xaiv ib qho tsim nyog. Ntawm cov feem ntau cov breeds ntawm pigeons yog cov nram qab no: 
- "Vajntxwv" - Ameslikas los ntawm TEB CHAWS USA, nws yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm nws cov neeg sawv cev. Nrog cov txij nkawm zoo, cov nquab tuaj ceev nrooj nce siab: hauv 45 hnub lawv ncav cuag qhov hnyav li ntawm 700 g. Hauv ib lub xyoo, tus poj niam "Vajntxwv" tuaj yeem ua tau 18 yam zoo, noj zaub mov zoo noj. Cov neeg laus cov noog ntawm tus tsiaj no hnyav nruab nrab ntawm 650-800 g, thiab cov qauv pom muaj qee zaus ncav lub qhov hnyav ntawm ib thiab ib nrab ntawm ob kilograms. Slaughter hnyav ntawm pigeons txawv ntawm 60% mus rau 68% thiab nyob ntawm cov kev mob: thaum yug nteg qe tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cages, qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev tuag yog ntau dua li nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm ntau yam taug kev;
- Loj pigeon nqaij "Strasser"Bred nyob rau hauv Western Europe, nws nta kev kawm siab. Qhov ceeb thawj ntawm cov txiv neej ntawm no yug ncav cuag 1.2 kg. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 30 hnub, qhov hnyav ntawm ib tug nquab yog feem ntau 700 g. Cov nqaij hauv cov Strassers yog nplua-fibrous. Slaughter ceeb thawj ntawm no yug ncav cuag 60%.
"Roman" pigeons - lub yug yog bred nyob rau hauv ltalis, thiab txhim kho ntxiv nyob rau hauv Fabkis. Qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg laus txiv neej nce txog 1-1.3 kg, cov pojniam - txog li 1.1 kg. Slaughter nyhav nrog kev tu xyuas kom ncav cuag tau 70%.- "Monden" Yug ntawm pigeons hailing los ntawm Fabkis, Monde-Marsan. Qhov ceeb thawj ntawm cov neeg laus pigeons ncav cuag 1.1 kg. Rau 30 hnub cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm no yug yuav fattened mus rau 700 gr. Slaughter cov nqaij tso tawm yog 61%. Pigeons "Mondensky" yug muaj lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lwm cov nqaij breeds ntawm pigeons, uas yog 28.7%;
- "Carnot" - qhov ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm yug pigeons. Qhov hnyav ntawm ib tug txiv neej laus ntawm 550 mus rau 700 g Rau ib lub hlis, cov menyuam yaus muaj peev xwm tau roj rau 330-340 g. Qhov tseeb, qhov no tsis yog piv rau lwm hom tsiaj, tab sis, yog hais tias tus tsiaj no, qhov hnyav tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. "Carnot" zoo siab rau nws qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm nqaij, uas yog ob peb zaug siab tshaj rau lwm hom tsiaj.
"Roman" pigeons - lub yug yog bred nyob rau hauv ltalis, thiab txhim kho ntxiv nyob rau hauv Fabkis. Qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg laus txiv neej nce txog 1-1.3 kg, cov pojniam - txog li 1.1 kg. Slaughter nyhav nrog kev tu xyuas kom ncav cuag tau 70%.
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, muaj tsis yog li ntau nqaij breeds ntawm pigeons, xws li, piv txwv li, breeds ntawm chickens los yog ducks. Yog li ntawd, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv ib tug noog yog nrhiav ib tug zoo tsim. Feem ntau, cov neeg ua noj qaib yuav tsum nrhiav cov neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws hauv ib lub teb chaws nyob hauv tebchaws Poland, Czech koom txoos, thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees, nyob ntawm seb lawv lub teb chaws twg feem ntau yog cov nquab ntawm cov tsiaj no.Thaum xaiv ib tug noog rau yug me nyuam, koj yuav tsum xub them sai sai rau nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Lub pigeon yuav tsum tsis yog apathetic thiab lethargic, nws lub qhov muag yuav tsum huv si, thiab feathers yuav tsum tau tus, tsis plucked. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog qhib cov noog lub tsho thiab xyuas seb puas muaj qhov tsis muaj qhov nyob rau hauv plaub (ib qho kev qhia ntawm tus kab mob nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus), ntawm chav kawm, xws li ib tug noog yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav.
Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav pigeons rau ob leeg ua ke. Yuav kom nkag siab qhov twg qhov khub, muab cov noog tso rau hauv ib lub thawv ntawm ob. Yog hais tias tus nquab nquab thiab tus nquab fluffs lub feathers thiab tilts nws lub taub hau, nws txhais tau hais tias muaj ib khub pem lub taub hau koj. Yog hais tias tus noog sib ntaus, ces lawv yog cov tib neeg ntawm tib poj niam txiv neej.
Chaav rau pigeons
Txij li thaum pigeons yog cov tsis tshua muaj unpretentious noog, ib tug ntau ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsis xav tau los tsim ib tug pigeon ua liaj ua teb. Qhov tsim nyog rau lub txaj hauv tsev los yog superstructure hauv chaw tuav thiab warehouses. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov zoo tagnrho xaiv yog los tsim ib tug nyias muaj nyias chav tsev uas yuav khaws cia pigeons. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog yuav tsum tau nyiaj txiag loj: tsim kom muaj kev qhib dav hlau nrog lub ntsej muag looj ntsej muag, thiab lub tsev dovecote, uas cov noog yuav so thiab nkaum los ntawm cov nag.
Tsis hais txog qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov chaw, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias miv thiab lwm cov me nyuam yaus ua tsis tau nkag mus rau hauv tsev tu tsiaj. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsis yog superfluous mus nqa lub pigeon tsev saum toj no hauv av. Thaum ntsuas lub cheeb tsam rau lub tsev pigeon - nws yuav tsum tau suav rau hauv tus account tias 12 m² muaj peev xwm tuav txog li 50 pigeons. Tom qab qhov kev npaj ntawm qhov chaw, hauv qab ntawm lub tsev pigeon tsev yuav tsum tau sprinkled nrog xuab zeb, raws li qhov no yuav pab ntxuav tu yav tom ntej. Raws li cov phab ntsa ntawm dovecote xav tau kho lub perch.
Kev npaj rau nesting pigeons
Ua ntej lub caij nesting nyob rau hauv dovecote, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ntxuav kom huv thiab nruab nrog lub cuab yeej zes thiab lub thawv lub thawv. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas tus naj npawb ntawm cov thawv ntawm lub thawv yuav tsum siab tshaj cov khub ntawm cov nquab nyob rau hauv lub dovecote. Qhov no yuav cia cov nquab xaiv lawv qhov chaw rau cov mating thiab tsis mus tua rau nws. 
Rau txoj kev pairing nws yog qhov yooj yim siv lub zes lub thawv nrog lub qhov rooj. Cov thawv ntim yuav tsum nyob kom deb ntawm ib leeg kom tau li cov noog tau nco txog qhov chaw ntawm lawv lub zes. Tom qab lub pigeons tsim cov tsev neeg, lub thawv mating yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau hauv qhov chaw ua zes, rau qhov no, ob zes tso rau hauv txhua lub thawv, sab xis thiab sab laug.
Nyob rau hauv me me dovecotes, koj muaj peev xwm teem lub zes uas tsis muaj thawv, txoj cai nyob rau racks. Tom qab ntawd, qhov zes yuav tsum tau sib cais los ntawm ib leeg los ntawm phab ntsa ntsug. Nws yuav tsum tau yug nyob rau hauv lub hlwb uas zes nyob rau hauv lub thawv yuav tsum nyob kom lawv txaus suffinently illuminated, tab sis ncaj lub teeb tsis poob mus rau hauv lub zes. Ua ntej mating pigeons, lub thawv yog them nrog soft txaj ntawm quav nyab los yog straw. Thaum cov noog tsho lawv cov zes, koj yuav tsum tau duav tshauv los yog pyrethrum raws li lawv.
Rearing pigeons
Rau cultivation ntawm pigeons rau nqaij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom ua txoj kev noj haus rau cov tub ntxhais hluas noog. Qhov ntau thiab zoo ntawm cov nqaij ntawm cov zis ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov no.
Fattening
Cov tub ntxhais hluas feem ntau raug rau ntau cov kab mob thaum loj hlob. Yog li ntawd, qhov pub yuav tsum muaj ib qho txaus cov vitamins, as-ham thiab cov zaub mov. Thawj lub lim tiam tom qab hatching, cov tub ntxhais hluas pigeons yuav tsum tau ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom noj. Txo tej feem me me thaum cov tub ntxhais hluas ua rau cov tub ntxhais hluas ua tib yam li cov noog uas muaj hnub nyoog laus. Nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov tus noog raug muab ib feem me me ntawm cov zaub mov, thiab yav tsaus ntuj lawv nce nws.
Pom zoo kom moisten lub lis piam nrog ib tug me me ntawm cov roj ntses ua ntej noj. Rau cov tub ntxhais hluas pigeons loj hlob zoo, lawv tau pub ntau tus nplej nrog barley thiab peas. Tom qab qhov kev loj hlob me nyuam yaus pib ya hauv ib pab tsiaj nrog tus neeg laus, tus nqi ntawm cov nplej yog 2 zaug, nws hloov qhov sib npaug ntawm cov peas thiab wiki. Qhov feem ntau cov nyob tus yeees rau pub cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj: nplej 20%, peas thiab pobkws 10% txhua, barley 20% thiab millet 30%. Qhov niaj hnub tus nqi ntawm xws li ib tug sib tov rau 1 noog me yog 40 g.
Rau cov tsis muaj zog txaus rau cov tub ntxhais hluas uas poob qab hauv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, yuav tsum tau noj zaub mov ntau dua. cov hmoov nplej, cov pob kws, cov pob txha, cov nplej porridge thiab cov kua fodder. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub mix koj yuav tsum ntxiv 5 qoob ntawm cov roj ntses, thiab nyob rau hauv cov dej haus - cov kua qabzib 5%.
Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau supplementation nyob rau hauv kev noj haus thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm succulent ntsuab fodder ntawm tus nqi ntawm 10 g ib 1 noog ib hnub. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm additives, boiled qos yaj ywm, porridge thiab qhob cij yog haum. Nqaij yog fattened li ntawm 12-14 hnub. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej tias ua ntej txhua pluas mov ntawm lub qhov tshij ntawm cov noog.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Koj tsis tau overfeed cov tsiaj nyeg nrog cov additives rau lub ntsiab pub sib tov, nws yuav ua rau plab hnyuv chim thiab yuag poob.
Noog slaughter
Noog ntawm nqaij yug ntawm pigeons feem ntau slaughtered, feem ntau yog nruab nrab ntawm 28 thiab 35 hnub qub. Ua ntej no, cov noog yog fattened nrog cov noob ntawm dill, cumin, anise, muab cov nqaij ib savory saj ntawm qhov kev ua si. Ua kom cov nqaij dawb dawb thiab ntau dua kev sib tw, koj muaj peev xwm tua tus noog nrog salted mis nyuj ua ntej slaughter. Hnub ua ntej tua tsiaj, cov noog raug nres mus pub, qhov no ua rau kom yooj yim rau ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv thiab ua kom zoo dua cov nqaij. Cov nquab yuav raug tua nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li lwm cov noog.
