Nws yog nyuab loj hlob grapes nyob rau hauv tsev, raws li cov nroj tsuag no tsis yog ib txwm resistant rau ntau cov kab mob, pests thiab frosts.
Rau qhov no yog vim li cas, feem ntau cov winegrowers nrhiav kom tau khaws ib tug ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tsuas yog nrog siab saj thiab ntau cov qoob loo, tab sis kuj nrog zoo stability.
Yog hais tias koj, dhau lawm, tau nrhiav rau xws li grapes rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, ces koj mloog yuav tseeb yuav attracted los ntawm ntau yam "Delight".
Qhov no txiv hmab muaj ntau yam zoo, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li nrov. Tab sis peb yuav paub tsis tsuas yog nrog qhov zoo ntawm no grape, tab sis kuj nrog ib tug ntxaws qhia txog ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm nws cog thiab ntxiv kev kho mob ntawm nws.
Yuav ua li cas impresses txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Delight": ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv varietal
Qhov no ntau yam yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Lavxias teb sab. Yuav kom tau nws, siv ntau hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo: "sib xyaw ntawm qaum" (raws li ib qho kev pub ntawm lub siab ua si) thiab "Dolores" tau sib xyaw nrog lwm hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo - Lavxias thaum ntxov (ua tsaug rau nws, cov ntsiab lus ntawm ripening sau).
Yog li, "Delight" tau dhau los ua ib qho kev tshawb nrhiav tiag tiag rau Nruab Nrab, Ural, Siberian thiab Thoob Tebchaws Thaj Tebchej, uas tsis yog npog cov qoob loo. Ntxiv mus, lawv loj hlob no ntau thoob plaws hauv ib ncig ntawm Belarus thiab lub Baltic lub teb chaws.
Nqe lus piav qhia "Delight": cov qhab nees zoo li cas
Leg cov ceg ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Delight" tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv ob hom thiab loj. Yog li, daim ntawv ntawm pawg yuav tsum ob leeg zoo nkauj conical, thiab tsis meej shapeless. Los ntawm qhov hnyav, lawv tuaj yeem ua ob qho loj thiab loj heev: ntawm 0.5 rau 2 kilograms. Tus qauv ntawm pawg yog moderately ntom, lub berries tsis deformed nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm txhua lwm yam.
Ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tswv yim zoo txog qhov sib txawv ntawm no yog ua los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Hauv qhov loj, lawv kuj pom loj thiab loj heev, tab sis qhov nruab nrab, lawv qhov ntev yog kwv yees li 2.7 x 2 2 centimeters. Nruab nrab qhov ceeb thawj ntawm ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Delight" yog 6-7 grams. Lawv muaj cov kabmob zoo li lub voj, lawv muaj qhov txawv ntawm daim tawv nqaij dawb nrog cov cwj pwm ntawm cov tshav ntuj.
Lub saj ntawm cov berries yog harmonious heev thiab qab ntxiag, ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv uas yog lawv cov nqaij crispy thiab ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm sugars muaj nyob rau hauv nws. Yog hais tias yuav tsum hais lus nyob rau hauv cov zauv, lub qab ntim tau qhov peev xwm ntawm no ntau yam yog 19-26%, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov txiv hmab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub acidity yog tsuas yog 5-9 g / l.
Nyob rau hauv relation mus ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm berries, koj yuav tsum them sai sai rau nws sim ceev, uas tseem tsis cuam tshuam rau saj, tab sis muaj ib tug zoo zoo rau lub suitability ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau kev thauj mus los.
Yam ntxwv ntawm tus tawm los ntawm grapes "Delight": dab tsi xav tau los ntawm no ntau yam
Cov qoob loo tawm los kuj tseem ceeb thaum xaiv ib lub ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis, koj yuav tsis tau txhawj txog nws nrog "Delight". Tseeb, qhov no ntau yam Dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tsuas yog abundantly, tab sis kuj tsis tu ncua. Nyob rau hauv kev, qhov nruab nrab tawm los ntawm ib hectare ntawm plantings ntawm grapes "Delight" yog vaj huam sib luag rau 120 centners. Lub fruitfulness peev xwm ntawm ib Bush yog 65-85%, uas yog sib npaug rau cov naj npawb ntawm fruitful tua.
Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nyob rau nruab nrab, 1.4-1.7 bunches muaj peev xwm rau ib tug tua. Grape bushes ntawm piav ntau yam yuav pom ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab muaj zog loj hlob, yog li ntawd qhov nce load on ib Bush yuav tsum los ntawm 35 mus rau 45 ob lub qhov muag.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm fruiting no ntau yam muaj peev xwm muab thaum hlob nws ntawm Tshuag ntawm perennial ntoo, uas yog, thaum grafting cuttings mus rau rootstocks ntawm qub bushes.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ib txoj kev zoo los ua rau kom muaj nuj nqis thiab zoo ntawm cov qoob loo yog ua kom muaj kev sib tw ntawm cov nroj tsuag thaum lawv cov pobtej. Yog li, yog tias koj tawm xwb 20-30 lub qhov muag ntawm ib tug Bush, koj muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov tsim ntawm heev loj pawg - los ntawm 1.5 mus rau 2 kilograms.
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, qhov no ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo belongs rau tus earliest. Cov nroj tsuag ntawm Bush Bush ntau yam tsuas yog 110-120 hnub, tso cai rau kev pib ntxawm ncig nruab nrab ntawm lub yim hli ntuj. Tab sis npog, ua tsaug rau lub peev xwm ntawm kev sau qoob loo ntev ntev kom muaj lub zoo tshiab saib ntawm cov nroj tsuag, koj tuaj yeem tuaj txog ntawm lub hnub kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli - koj qhov kev sau yuav nyob twj ywm raws li nws yog thiab yuav muaj tib qho kev zoo tib yam li hauv nruab nrab lub yim hli ntuj.
Yuav ua li cas yog cov kev pab ntawm lub vine "Delight"?
• Hais rau ntau hom nrog ntau fruiting thiab loj pawg.
• Muaj ib qho kev zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov pleev xim rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
• Cov qoob loo tuaj yeem khaws cia rau ntawm lub hav txwv rau li 1-1.5 lub hlis, tab sis tsis txhob poob ib qho twg los yog saj.
• Khaws tau zoo tsim nyog rau kev thauj mus los ntev ntev, uas tseem tuaj yeem ua rau lawv lub sijhawm ntev cia.
• Cov ntau yam tau yooj yim propagated by cuttings, rooting tus nqi ntawm uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug txaus siab theem.
• Tsaug rau dej thiab fertilizing nrog kev pab los ntawm ob qho tib si organic thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv, qib ntawm cov tawm los tau nce thiab muaj ntau.
• Grapevine ntawm no ntau yam muaj ib tug siab tsis kam mus tsawg kub - txog li-25 ° C. Vim li no, nws yog ua tau suab tsis tau los npog nws rau lub caij ntuj no, vim hais tias Bush tolerates frosts nrog tsawg kawg kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntoo.
• Muaj kuj zoo heev drought siab tev taus ntawm grape Bush, thiab qoob loo tsis raug kev txom nyem.
• Muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau yam rau cov kab mob fungal xws li mildew thiab grey rot (tab sis lub hav txwv yeem mob tau sai heev yam tsis tau tshuaj tiv thaiv).
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab "Delight", uas muab zais qab cov ntsiab lus ntau heev ntawm kev qhuas
Hais tias qhov tsis zoo ntawm no ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsis muaj ntau. Nws yeej tsim nyog muaj txoj cai kom hu ua superstable. Tab sis tseem muaj ib tug drawback, thiab koj yuav tsum paub txog nws ua ntej koj pib loj hlob lub piav qhia ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Qhov no ntau yam yog cuam tshuam los ntawm phylloxera. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv koj lub thauv ntawm no cov cab no yog ua tau rau hauv ib txoj kev - los ntawm qhov muag "Delight" kom ruaj khov thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov txiaj ntsig zoo noj qab haus huv. "Berlandieri" X "Riparia Kober 5BB" yog suav tias yog cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim los tiv thaiv lub parasite phylloxera uas tau twb manifested nws tus kheej, txij li thaum no yuav tau uproot tag nrho shrub.
Cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob hauv daim zaj lus nrog lawv tus kheej tes: qhov twg tsis muaj kev vam meej yuav tsum paub?
Qhov no ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov yoog raws li siab nyiam. Vim li no, yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov kev cai tsim nyog rau cog cov qoob loo no nyob rau hauv lub tiaj tiaj (backyard) los yog suburban cheeb tsam, nws tsis raug nqi ntau kom loj hlob tuaj.
Txoj kev ntawm propagation ntawm grapes "Delight"
Saum toj no, hais txog cov kev tsis zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo no, peb tau hais lawm hais tias, zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov, nws multiplies by grafting cuttings on ib tug Tshuag nrog ib tug loj txaus ntawm ntoo. Vim li no, ib tug yuav zam lub ntsiab disadvantage ntawm ntau - tsawg tsis kam mus phylloxera. Tab sis tsis muaj nws, qhov no ntawm txoj kev yug me nyuam grapes yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau zoo thiab yooj yim. Vim li cas ho muaj raws li nram no:
• Ua tsaug rau cov ntawv cog lus nrog cov ntoo loj thiab lub hauv paus zoo, qhov kev txiav cov hluas tsis xav tau sij hawm los ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws yog txaus rau nws mus noj paus nyob rau hauv Tshuag, thiab txiav yuav loj hlob sai sai, tsim ib tag nrho Bush.
• Grafting cuttings yuav ua tau rau ib xyoos. Tom qab tag nrho, muaj xws li hom ntawm no txoj kev ntawm luam ntawm grapes, raws li grafting "dub rau dub", uas yog, tsaug zog los ntawm txiav mus rau lub pw tsaug zog Tshuag; "dub rau ntsuab" thiab "ntsuab ntsuab". Yog li, txhua yam kev xaiv thiab txhua lub sij hawm tsaws yuav ua tau zoo.
Nws kuj yog nthuav los nyeem txog qhov cultivation ntawm grapes los ntawm lub pob zeb
• Kev paub cov winegrowers nco ntsoov tias ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo grape bush loj hlob los ntawm txoj kev siv cov khoom ua paj nruag sai dua li cog ntawm lub yub rau nws cov hauv paus hniav.
Qhov yooj yim cog ntawm grapes nrog kev pab los ntawm seedlings yog tsis muaj tsawg zoo. Tom qab tag nrho, nrog nws cov kev pab, raws nraim li cov txiv hmab uas koj xav cog qoob loo yuav loj hlob ntawm koj qhov chaw. Tom qab tag nrho thaum grafting rau lwm Tshuag, ib tug tshiab Bush yuav feem ntau inherit nws cov khoom. Piv txwv li, srednerosly Bush yuav ua tau nyuaj, yog hais tias grafted mus rau stock tsim nyog.
Cov hom ntawm propagation ntawm grapes "kom muaj keeb kwm" yog tseem siv ntawm ceg ntawm tus neeg laus thiab fruiting Bush. Ua li no, cia li xaiv ib tug noj qab haus huv thiab ntev tua thiab prikopat nws nyob ze lub pob tw ntawm lub ntsiab Bush. Tom qab ib co sij hawm, tus tua yuav siv sij hawm paus thiab pib tsim raws li ib qho txawv Bush. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem txiav nws txoj kev txuas nrog lub hauv paus loj thiab kev hloov ua lwm yam nroj tsuag thiab cais.
Cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv uas nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los nqa tawm lub grapes "Vostorg"
Grapes muaj peev xwm yuav cog nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj zaug, koj muab ib tug me nyuam yaus lub sij hawm los mus ua kom zoo mus rau qhov chaw tshiab ntawm kev loj hlob thiab nce lub zog thiaj li yuav ciaj sia thaum thawj lub caij ntuj no nrog nws, tejzaum nws tsiv, frosts. Tab sis, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum saib xyuas nws ntau thiab dej ntau heev, vim hais tias caij nplooj av yog tsis raws li noo noo nrog noo noo li Autumn av.
Yog li, cog los sis cog txiv hmab hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo them, tab sis lwm yam - koj tuaj yeem tsis nco txog nws txog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav heev. Nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv zoo-muab, ob qho tib si lub grafted txiav thiab lub seedling on nws tus kheej keeb kwm yuav khaws cia zoo kawg nkaus thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, thiab nrog qhov pib ntawm thawj tshav kub, lawv yuav sai heev sai.
Xav txog cov nta ntawm qhov chaw rau cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Cov nroj tsuag sov thiab lub hnub, uas yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov "Delight", yuav tsum cog rau hauv cov chaw qhib uas tsis muaj chaw nkaum hauv vaj tse lossis lwm yam nroj tsuag lossis ntoo. Txawm nrog ib tug muaj zog thickening ntawm Bush, nws yog pom zoo rau rhuav tawm ib feem ntawm nws cov nplooj thiaj li hais tias berries tau txaus hnub ci thiab tig liab.
Tab sis lo no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas Bush tau zoo tiv thaiv los ntawm khaub thuas los ntawm cua thiab tsis cog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas txias cua tuaj yeem ua rau qis heev. Yog li, qhov chaw uas ua tau raws li cov hauv qab no yuav tsum yog qhov zoo rau kev tsaws:
• Ntawm sab qab teb los yog sab qab teb sab hnub poob ntawm koj lub tsev, uas yuav tiv thaiv lub hav txwv yeem los ntawm cua txias, thiab tsis tuaj yeem thaiv cov txiv hmab.
• Me me nce siab, pov toj qhov cua tsis stagnate. Lawv opposites - Yars, hav, pits yog categorically tsis tsim nyog.
Ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cog ntawm grapes yog ua si los ntawm peculiarities ntawm cov av, nyob rau hauv nws cov fertility thiab humidity. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv qhov teeb meem yuav remedied heev tsuas, pub cov av nrog cov organic teeb meem thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv rau ob peb lub xyoo, ces nws yuav ntau nyuaj nrog noo noo. Nrog nws tsis txaus, nws yuav tsim nyog rau dej txhua lub lim tiam nws tus kheej, siv ntau lub zog thiab dej rau nws.
Thiab nrog ib tug ntau ntawm noo noo Bush, thiab nyob rau hauv nws cov hauv paus system, yuav pib rot, nws muaj peev xwm hit lub phylloxera, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj peev xwm keej thiab tseem rot. Rau qhov no yog vim li cas, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yeej tsis zus rau hauv av qeeg. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj yog dub av los yog lub teeb loam. Qhov tob ntawm av rau cog ntau yam "Vostorg" tsis yog siab tshaj 2.5 meters.
Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xav txog qhov kev ncua deb nruab nrab ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiaj li hais tias lawv cov hmab tsis intertwine nrog txhua lwm yam thiab thiaj li hais tias lawv tsis ntxoov ntxoo / thicken txhua lwm. Rau grape ntau yam nrog medium loj hlob lub zog, nws yog qhov siab ua kom ib tug deb ntawm 4 meters, tab sis rau muaj zog-loj hlob sawv daws yuav - txog 6. Yog li, lub Bush yuav muaj ntau qhov chaw rau weaving.
Kev paub cov tswv yim yeej pom zoo tias cog ntau hom kab hauv txoj kev.
Ua tsaug rau cov qauv siv, nws yuav muaj qhov chaw txaus rau nws, thiab nws yuav ua tau los tsim ib qho zoo nkauj dai kom zoo nkauj nyob hauv koj lub vaj los yog qhov chaw. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias koj xav cog grapes nyob ze ntawm lub tsev, nws yog tsim nyog xav tias lub keeb kwm ntawm no nroj tsuag yuav cuam tshuam nrog nws lub hauv paus. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tsim tawm los ntawm nws yam tsawg kawg 0.7 meters.
Yuav ua li cas cog grapes "Delight" mus rau Tshuag: nta thiab cov cai
Rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, koj yuav tsum xaiv zoo cuttings nrog 2-3 lub qhov muag. Lub cuttings yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav, lawv yuav tsum muaj ib tug ntsuab txiav. Yog li ntawd thaum lub caij hloov thiab ua kom tiav, lub txiav tsis qhuav tawm thiab tau khaws cov cai ntawm ya raws, nws yog qhov pom zoo kom nws los ntawm poob xaib paraffin rau melted paraffin rau ob peb feeb.
Hauv kev txiav txim rau txoj hlua zoo dua los lo rau lub hauv paus ntoo, nws qhov qis, uas yuav poob mus rau hauv lub cais ntawm Tshuag, yog txiav tawm ntawm ob sab, uas nws yuav tsum tau nias rau ntawm ntoo ntawm pob tw. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej yuav siv qhov qis no tsawg kawg ib hnub yuav tsum nyob hauv dej. kuj. Nws yog feem ntau pom zoo kom txo nws mus rau hauv ib qho kev daws teeb meem nrog "Humate", qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv txoj kev loj hlob stimulant.
Kev npaj ntawm cov Tshuag muaj xws li cov kauj ruam nram qab no:
• Tshem cov qub txiv ntoo.
• Siv lub qhov ntev ntawm 10-centimeter hemp uas tawm tom qab tshem cov nroj tsuag.
• Tshuag faib. Lub cais yuav tsum tsis txhob sib sib zog nqus, yog li ntawd kom tsis txhob ua mob rau lub hauv paus, nws yuav tsum haum tsuas yog txiav (los yog ntau dua, yog qhov dav ntawm txoj hlua pub rau nws).
Tom qab ntawd, cov txiav tsuas txiav rau hauv qhov sib cais thiab yog qhov khoov kom ruaj khov rau hauv nws, uas yuav cia nws khwv tau zoo dua. Qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog zoo coated nrog ntub av nplaum. Ze ntawm rootstock khawb kev them nyiaj yug rau lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Bush. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub shtamb yuav tsum tau poured nrog ntau ntawm cov dej thiab mulch cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm nws.
Yuav ua li cas tu rau ib tug Bush ntawm grapes "Delight"?
• Grapes xav tau ntau ntawm noo noo, uas txhawb rau kev loj hlob ntawm hauv paus thiab tsim txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Txawm hais tias Bush Bush tolerate drought zoo, nws yuav tsum tau watered ua ntej flowering thiab tom qab.
• Tom qab txhua tus dej, cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub grapes them nrog 3 cm txheej ntawm mulch los ntawm darkened sawdust los yog Moss.
• Thaum lub caij ntuj no, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov quav cog qoob loo yuav tsum npog. Lub nkoj loj uas tsis muaj hauv qab yog ntsia saum nws thiab npog nrog cov xuab zeb. Los ntawm saum toj no, koj tseem tseem npog nrog fir ceg los yog xib fwb.
• Pruning grapes "Delight" yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, 8-10 lub qhov muag ntawm txhua tus raug tua raug muab tshem tawm.
• Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob los ntawm kev tua kab mob thiab tsis raug ntaus los ntawm ntau yam kab tsuag, yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tsuag kom txhij txhua. Lawv feem ntau yog tuav ua ntej flowering, kom txog thaum lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau tsim. Tshwj xeeb npaj tawm tsam mildew, grey rot thiab oidium yog siv.
