Mus rau hnub tim, ib tug loj heev tus naj npawb ntawm grape ntau yam tau raug bred thiab lawv tag nrho muaj tej yam zoo, rau uas lawv tau txais kev hlub ntawm gardeners. Ntawm cov tshiab ntau yam uas tam sim no tseem tsis tau nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev sau npe ntawm grape ntau yam, "Transformation" tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ceeb.
Qhov loj zoo yog nws lub peev xwm coj zoo thiab siab yields tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog ib tug huab cua puag. Nws tsis yog coj txawv txawv, tab sis qhov kev sau npe ntawm no grape ntau yam belongs rau ib tug pib xyaum ua breeder, tab sis hnub no lub ntau yam belongs rau saum kaum tshaj plaws feem ntau cog lus rau cultivation nyob rau hauv Russia, Ukraine thiab Belarus.
Grapes "Transformation" - ib txoj hauv kev hloov koj lub cuab yeej
Qhov no grape yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tsis suav hais tias yog ib tug ntau yam, tab sis es yog ib tug hybrid daim ntawv ntawm grapes, uas yog tom ntej no nyob rau hauv kab mus rau tus txheej xwm ntawm ib tug ntau yam txawv.
Muaj tsis muaj kev ntseeg tias Transformation grape yuav sai sai tau txais xws li txheej xwm, raws li nws cov pej xeem zoo-zoo yog nce exponentially vim thaum ntxov ripening berries, loj loj ntawm cov pawg nrog tsawg kawg berries. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sau cia ib co zoo ntawm grapes "Hloov siab" los ntawm qhov xwm ntawm qhov tsos thiab saj nrog tej hauj lwm ntawm tib V. Kraynov - ntau yam "Novocherkassk Ib xyoo" thiab "Victor".
Yam ntxwv ntawm txiv hmab thiab txiv hmab "Hloov dua tshiab"
Yuav ua li cas-tias, thiab pawg ntawm lub grapes simply amaze nrog lawv cov loj thiab qhov hnyav. Hauv particular qhov hnyav ntawm ib pawg yog li ntawm 1 kilogramTxawm li cas los xij, qhov kev ua tiav siab tshaj li 3 kilograms. Cov khoom ntawm lub pawg yog feem ntau yog conical los yog cylindrical, tab sis kuj muaj shapeless bunches. Nws ceev yog feem ntau medium lossis friable (ntau tshaj ntawm shapeless pawg).
Tab sis txawm ntau impressive yog qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov Transformation grape. Muaj ib qho kev zoo nkauj kheej, lawv qhov hnyav nruab nrab yog 13.9 grams. Qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov ceeb thawj ntawm cov berries yog 20 grams, uas yog ib tug ntau rau grapes.
Qhov loj ntawm ib tug nruab nrab Berry yog 3.6 cm los ntawm 2.4 centimeters. Loj berries ntawm no daim ntawv no ntawm grapes muaj ib tug liab los yog xim daj-xim liab xim, uas yog xyaum tsis xav ntsoov thaum noj, vim hais tias nws muaj ib tug qauv ntawm nyias. Cov tev kuj tau them nrog ib txheej av nkos, uas muaj ib co kua nplaum.
Lawv cov cev nqaij daim tawv yog meaty, nws muaj ib qho loj ntawm kua txiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg txog 17-19 grams qab zib ib 100 cubic centimeters ntawm pulp. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qhov qhia ntawm acidity yog tsuas yog 6-7 grams rau ib 1 liter ntawm volume. Lub saj ntawm grapes yog heev harmonious: ib ntxiag sweetness tag nrho nrog ib tug me tinge ntawm qaub. Tsis tas li xwb, tsuas yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripe muaj ib co pleev xim heev.
Daim ntawv no ntawm cov txiv hmab yog npaj rau cov lus siv. High cov ntsiab lus ntawm kua txiv thiab qab zib cov ntsiab lus ntawm pulp muab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo licas rau winemaking. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo heev rau kev noj haus tshiab.
Cov tawm los ntawm grapes "Transformation" - dab tsi yuav tau txais?
Lub grapes "Transformation" nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov fruitful. Nyob rau hauv temperate climatic aav, qhov no grape yields thawj zaug sau los ntawm leej niam Bush nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj, thiab cov txiv hmab nyob rau hauv stepson ripen ib ncig ntawm nruab nrab Lub kaum hli ntuj.
Nws yog lub peev xwm ua kom zoo siab rau qhov thib ob puv sau nyob rau hauv stepchildren distinguishes daim ntawv no ntawm grapes los ntawm tag nrho lwm tus. Nruab nrab yields ib tsob txiv ntoo "Hloov" ua li 20 kilograms ntawm berries. Cov qoob loo yog qhov ruaj khov heev.
Nws Bush tau peev xwm loj hlob mus rau ib tug loj loj raws li thaum grafting, thiab ntawm nws tus kheej paus. Lub Bush muaj ib tug muaj peev xwm heev rau tsim tua. Tua tau paub tab zoo heev. Pollination siv qhov chaw ntawm nws tus kheej, ua tsaug rau paj bisexual. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov "Hloov siab" txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj peev xwm hloov tau zoo heev rau kev loj hlob tshiab thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb tshiab.
Zoo li ntawm hybrid grapes "Hloov hloov siab"
- Daim ntawv no muaj ib lub sijhawm thaum ntxov, txij hnub ntawd lub sij hawm vegetative tsuas kav 110 rau 115 hnub. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub ripeness ntawm berries ntawm no grape yog heev yooj yim txiav txim siab los ntawm tsuas yog nias nws - qhov softness ntawm Berry thiab yog ib qho qhia ntawm kom loj hlob.
- Qhov zoo zoo ntawm no ntau yam yog qhov tseeb qhaj ntawv ntawm pea berries nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov huab cua puag thiab av zoo.
- Lub txiv hloov ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau yam hauv pausstocks thiab muaj peev xwm siab rooting. Li no, nws cov tu tub tu kiv yog zoo heev facilitated.
- Frost tsis kam "Transformations" hais txog siabCov ntoo no tsis tuaj yeem ua kom puas tsuaj thaum-frozen ntawm -23 ° C.
- Daim ntawv no ntawm cov txiv hmab yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov tseem ceeb vim kev muaj vaj tse ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nrog rau lawv qhov tsim nyog rau kev thauj mus los ntev-ntev.
Cov tsis zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab "Transformation"
- Txawm tias muaj qhov tsis haum rau qis kub, qhov grapevine tseem yuav tsum tau kev kho mob - ua ntej qhov pib ntawm Frost nws yuav tsum tau zoo heev them.
- Heev feem ntau nws muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam los ntawm fungal kab mob yam ntxwv ntawm vineyards. Cov kev qhia ntawm kev tawm tsam mus rau kab mob tsuas yog 3.5-4 ntsiab lus.
Nws kuj yog nyiam kom nyeem txog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo girlish.
Cov lus qhia rau cov neeg cog khoom rau lub peculiarities ntawm cog grapes "Transformation"
Ua ntej pib mus rau qhov ncaj cog cog ntawm Transformation txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev paub koj tus kheej nrog lub ntsiab nuances ntawm no txoj kev, yam tsis muaj uas nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom loj hlob ib tug zoo txiv hmab.
- Rau cov av, daim ntawv no ntawm grapes yog tsis tshwj xeeb yog cov xim. Txawm li ntawd los, ntau dua qhov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cultivation ntawm tej grapes yuav ua tiav on fertile dub av.
- Av noo noo tsis yuav ntau, tab sis dryness tseem yuav tsuas ua mob lub vine. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws, nrog rau theem qis kawg ntawm av hauv 1,5 meters.
- Thaum xaiv ib qho chaw rau cog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau mus rau hauv tus account lub hwj chim ntawm hauv paus system ntawm grape Bush, uas yog tsim tshaj lub sij hawm. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tsis muaj cov ntoo loj lossis lwm yam nroj tsuag uas nyob zevim hais tias lawv yuav lwv nrog cov txiv hmab rau cov as-ham.
- Lub tshav tsaws chaw yuav tsum tau taws nyob rau hauv txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab tsis tshuab los ntawm cua txias cua los ntawm sab qaum teb. Yog li, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yuav yog sab qab teb sab ntawm lub tsev los yog lwm lub tsev ntawm koj qhov chaw.
Cov ntsiab lus thiab hom cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Hloov dua tshiab"
Zoo li lwm yam nroj tsuag, daim ntawv no ntawm cov txiv hmab zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog.
Txawm li ntawd los, qhov zoo tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub grapes muaj peev xwm muab thiab nyob rau hauv lub Autumn cog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau xav txog seb koj xaiv qhov nws yuav tsaws li cas. Tom qab tag nrho, grapes tau cog ob qho tag nrho nrog kev pab ntawm seedlings, thiab los ntawm grafting cuttings txiav los ntawm "Hloov hloov" vine mus rau lub stocks ntawm lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj, lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav zoo dua, nyob rau hauv ob, txhua yam yuav nyob ntawm seb lub xeev ntawm txiav thiab cov Tshuag (dub yog lub xeev so, ntsuab yog twb yaj).
Yuav ua li cas kom tau cog lub grapes "Transformation" nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug sapling
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum tau xaiv ib tug zoo sapling. Nws yuav tsum:
- Tsis khov thiab tsis qhuav, txwv tsis pub nws tsuas yog tsis muaj peev xwm khom tau, los yog nws yuav mob heev. Cov khoom tsim tau los ntawm xws li ib tug seedling yuav tsawg.
- Cov xim ntawm hauv paus system ntawm seedling yuav tsum dawb.
- Tshooj lus nug yuav tsum ntsuab. Lwm yam, lub sapling kuj yuav tsis tsim.
Nws yog zoo dua mus khawb qhov rau cog ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 1-1.5 meters los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Qhov tob ntawm aub tsiv yuav tsum yog raws nraim ob zaug lub keeb kwm ntawm seedling.
Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txhim kho lub fertility ntawm cov av, nws yog obligatory rau koj yuav tsum muab fertile av tov nrog cov organic (tawv ncauj humus los yog pus xwb). On to top ntawm no sib tov yuav tsum tseem yuav them nrog ib txheej ntawm av, yam uas tsis muaj fertilizer. Li no, tau khawb ib lub qhov, peb tseem tsaug zog raws nraim li ib nrab ntawm cov chiv.
Tom qab ntawd peb txo lub seedling rau hauv aub tsiv thiaj li hais tias nws caj dab hauv paus yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev tsis qis tshaj cov av theem. Lub seedling yuav tsum tau npaj lawm - soaked nyob rau hauv dej rau ib hnub thiab kho nrog ib tug paus kev loj hlob stimulator (lub tshuaj "Gumat").
Ua ntej txos nws mus rau hauv qhov aub tsiv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau luas cov tswv yim ntawm cov hauv paus hniav me ntsis nrog ib tug pruner. Qhov aub tsiv raug muab khi ua kom nruj thiab plenifully watered. Rau cov dej, koj tuaj yeem siv li 3 thoob dej.
Cog txiv hmab "Hloov" nrog cuttings
Peb twb tau hais tias qhov grafts tau muab coj los ua "ntsuab" lossis "dub". Tsis tas li ntawd, lub koob tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa ob qho tib si rau ntawm twb dhau Tshuag, thiab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav tseem yuav pw tsaug zog. Tab sis, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los npaj ob qho tag nrho ob cuttings thiab Tshuag thaum ntxov.
Cuttings yuav tsum nrog 2-3 lub qhov muagdab tsi yuav txaus rau kev loj hlob zoo. Ntawm lub hauv paus lawv yuav tsum tau txiav, tawm tsuas yog ob peb millimeters mus rau qhov tsawg peephole.
Nws yuav tsum tau txiav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug wedge on ob sab. Ua ntej yuav siv cov kab txiav, yuav tsum muab cov dej txiav rau ob peb hnub, thiab nws yuav tsum tau ntub dej ntawm "Humate" (tsuas yog tov ntawm 10 tee li 1 liter ntawm dej).
Thaum grapes yog grafted nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau wax lawv kom thiaj li noo noo yog zoo dua khaws cia nyob rau hauv lawv thiab kom tsis kam mus rau Frost. Rau qhov no, txiav rau ib pliag lub sij hawm xa mus rau hauv yaj thiab khib nyiab paraffinthiab ces txias hauv dej txias.
Lub Tshuag yuav tsum xub tau txiav tawm, yog li tshem qhov qub Bush. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws heev kom zoo zoo dua li ntawd tsuas yog ib tug txiav tau haum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw split (yog hais tias lub Tshuag yog loj thiab dav, koj muaj peev xwm txawm inoculate 2-3 cuttings). Nws qhov chaw yog ua tib zoo ntxuav kom smoothness.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub txiav yog muab tso rau hauv lub split, lub Tshuag heev tightly nias nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav zoo dua foob qhov chaw ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm txiav thiab Tshuag cuttings.
Nws yog zoo dua rau Tshuag cov Tshuag nrog ib daim ntaub paj rwb, uas yuav decompose ntawm nws tus kheej rau xyoo tom ntej.
Rau lub caij ntuj no, qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj yog smeared nrog av nplaum.
Cov kev cai rau kev saib xyuas ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas yuav pab tau kom nws nce ntxiv
Viticulture yog kev ua lag luam theej es, uas, txawm li cas los, yog qhov khoom plig zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm cov khoom zoo thiab cua. Yuav kom ncav tau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm "Transformation" grape sau, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau attentive rau Bush thiab tsis nco qab nws dej, pub nws thiab nqa tawm pruning li niaj zaus. Yuav ua li cas kom ua raws li nws yuav tsum tau tham txog hauv qab no.
Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum paub txog qhov dej ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo?
Lub grapes, tab sis lawv xav tau zoo av noo noo, Cov dej ntau loj tuaj yeem ua kom tuag taus ob qho tib si rau vine nws tus kheej thiab rau cov qoob loo nyob rau hauv dav dav.
Regular watering yog pom zoo tsuas ua ntej lub flowering ntawm grape Bush, thiab nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub sij hawm no. Tsuas pub dej ntau yog thaum lub caij nyoog ua rau muaj kev ntxhab loj heev. Lub sij hawm no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus khawb ib lub qhov ntiav ntiav (kwv yees li 5 centimeters tob) nyob ib ncig ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab sau nws. Yog li, cov av yuav tsum moistened ntau los yog tsawg ib yam.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm excessively hnyav thaum lub sij hawm tsim thiab ripening ntawm grape sau, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau mus khawb kua qhov los yog ditches. Lawv yuav ntws ntau dhau lawm, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov saj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Transformation".
Mulching thiab hnav khaub ncaws los txhim kho cov av zoo
Mulching plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev rau kev loj hlob grapes. Nws yog tuav nkaus xwb nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov nws muaj peev xwm ua rau evaporation ntawm hauv paus system ntawm ib tug grape Bush. Thaum lub sij hawm no ntev, nws muaj peev xwm tsis tsuas ntub dej noo nyob rau hauv cov av, tab sis kuj ntxiv nws nrog rau cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog rau lub grapes.
Rau mulching yog siv humus, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nws qhaj ntawv - peat. Laying tawm ib txheej ntawm mulch yog zoo dua nrog ib tug txheej ntawm 3 centimeters, adhering mus rau lub cheeb ntawm hauv paus system ntawm vine. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau mulch ua ntej qhov pib ntawm Frost, txij li ib txheej ntawm mulch yuav tiv thaiv lub grapes los ntawm Frost.
Phosphorus-poov tshuaj chiv yog tseem siv rau pub txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas yog pom zoo yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ua ntej flowering.
Yuav ua li cas los npog lub grapes?
Txij li daim ntawv no ntawm grape belongs rau cultivated nroj tsuag, lub siab tev taus ntawm Frost nyob rau hauv nruab nrab txoj kab yuav qaug zog. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npog cov txiv hmab "Hloov siab" rau lub caij ntuj no. Rau qhov no, feem ntau ntawm cov vine (li 75%) muab tshem tawm. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Bush mus rau hauv av thiab sprinkle nrog av. Tshaj cov av nws yuav them nrog quav nyab, nrog rau slate los yog stakes on to top.
Young seedlings thiab grafts npog ntau yooj yim. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv tus qub tub, uas twb tau poob qis dua. Muaj tsim nws nyob ib ncig ntawm lub grapes, cov av yog poured rau hauv sab hauv kom txog thaum lub seedling tag kaw cov av. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov av yog zoo dua tsis mus kaw kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau grapes.
Cov kev cai rau pruning grape Bush "Transformation"
Pruning grapes yog nqa tawm rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Ua ntej, nrog nws kev pab lub grape Bush yog tsim. Secondly, qhov tawm los yog tswj, vim nws ntau npaum li cas yuav cuam tshuam zoo. Qeb peb, cov pob txha yuav pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Nws yog tsim nyog los nqa tawm txiav nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Yog hais tias, txawm li ntawd los, shorten lub ceg ntawm vine nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ces nws yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej nws blooming. Tus duab ntawm Bush yog nyiam kiv cua. Yog li, txiv hmab txiv ntoo grapes yuav tsim zoo heev. Qhov ntev ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo vine yog li niaj zaus shortened mus rau 6-8 buds, nrog ib tug qib siab pes tsawg tus tua ntawm 24-35 pieces.
Yuav kom tsis txhob tshaj tawm lub Bush nrog ib tug loj pes tsawg tus txiv hmab, nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tshem tawm lawv. Nws yog qib siab tawm ib pawg ntawm ib qho tua. Muaj coob tus kuj tshem tawm cov inflorescences ntawm cov theem, sim los txhim kho lub ntsiab qoob loo.
Kab Tsuag Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Tswj "gradient"
Qhov no hybrid daim ntawv ntawm grapes muaj ib tug nruab nrab degree ntawm tsis kam mus rau lub yeej ntawm ntau fungal kab mob. Rau kev tiv thaiv heev nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsawg kawg yog 2 txau hauv ib lub caij.
Cov khoom, cov kev daws uas tau muab txau, yog cov fungicides thiab Bordeaux sib xyaw, cov concentration uas tsis pub tshaj 1%.
