Kolonovidnye Kua - ib tug heev me nyuam ntau ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo. Hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo no zoo nkaus li zoo nkauj thiab txawv txawv, thaum nws muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj thiab cua.
Plaub-puab kua ntoo zoo nkauj heev, cov kab mob kev nkeeg thiab xau zoo heev cuam tshuam lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv txoj kev tu mob. Cia peb nyob rau ib qho tseem ceeb heev ntawm kev tu xyuas ntoo - txiav nyiaj lawv.
Dab tsi yog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm trimming?
Tag nrho cov vaj cov ntoo, tsis hais lawv lub hnub nyoog los yog ntau yam, periodically xav tau pruning. Kom pruning yuav tsim ntawm ib tug zoo nkauj crown, qhov ratio ntawm ceg, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tag nrho seedling, nws durability thiab high tawm los.
Vim yog qhov pruning, nws yog ua tau los mus ua kom tau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ya raws thiab cov khoom tsim nyog rau txoj kev loj hlob thoob plaws hauv tsob ntoo, teeb pom kev zoo kuj tswj, qhov tseeb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob tiav.
Yog tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib tug saib xyuas gardener, lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo yuav thickened, uas yuav muab ib tug phem sau thiab tsis zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tam sim no txog cov nta ntawm trimming
Nws yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov ntoo txiav ntoo ua ib lub vaj khoob ntse los yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntse txiab. Thaum txiav tawm ceg, them nyiaj rau lub fact tias spikes tsis nyob, thiab sib tw tua raug muab tshem tawm los ntawm txiav tawm "rau hauv ib lub nplhaib."
Txhua cov pob txha yog pom los ntawm cov ntoo tsis mob siab, yog li ntawd, nws tseem ceeb heev kho qhov mob sai sai tom qab trimming lossis pleev xim rau xim roj.
Quav, qhuav thiab puas ceg raug muab tshem tawm thaum lub sij hawm pruning. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis zoo tsim cov pob txha kuj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kom tswj tau cov khoom ntawm tsob ntoo. Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm fruiting, pruning yog shortened thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tua yog nce thaum subsiding, thiab tua tau sai li sai tau muab tshem tawm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub shtamb, raws li nws drains tsob ntoo.
Pruning apples, zoo li lwm yam ntoo, yog nqa tawm, nrog rau kev tsim ntawm ib tug zoo nkauj yas, tab sis nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau ua raws li tej template.
Yuav kom tsim tau lub crown yuav tsum pib rau cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings. Rau lub caij pib, koj yuav tsum tau saib dab tsi ntawm kev ntxub ntxaum yog pw nyob rau hauv lub sapling. Nco ntsoov, tib lub sij hawm, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau lub voj voog ntawm qhov tawm ntawm qhov tawm thiab inclination ntawm sab ceg ntawm lub hauv paus pob (qhov no yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 40-45 degrees).
Muaj ntau ntau hom kev siv duab.
Cov hom kev kawm no yog siv nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm lub crown ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo. Ntawm lawv: kerbovka (bark incisions) - yog siv los txhim kho lub germination ntawm ob lub raum; pruning ceg - rau tsim ntawm zoo nkauj ceg; bending rov qab tua nrog tying li ceg; plucking saum ntawm ntseeg tau loj hlob tua.
Colony kua txiv yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb cov pob txha., raws li lawv muaj ib qho txawv txawv thiab ib qho kev loj hlob ntawm ceg ntoo. Muaj pruning ntawm crown tua thiab pruning ntawm sab tua. Cia peb nyob ntawm txhua hom kab nuv ntses nyob rau hauv ntau dua kom meej.
Qoob loo
Ib qho ntawm feem ntau yooj yim tej chaw ntawm columnar Kua yog nws ntxeev. Vim yog nws cov qauv txawv txawv, qhov saum toj no ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv lub caij ntuj no yuav tsum khov qee zaus.
Raws li ib txoj cai, lub Frost rau saum, qhov twg crown yog, yog ntau zog, yog li heev khov ntawm sab saum toj ib feem ntawm lub tsob ntoo kua tshwm sim. Qhov no ua rau ib tug ramification ntawm lub Upper ib feem ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, thiab cov tsos ntawm 2-3 trunks.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav los, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau ib tug gardener kom txiav txim siab ib tug muaj zog ntsug tua, uas yuav yog ib tug txuas ntxiv ntawm lub pob tw. Qhov tshuav ceg txiav yog txiav, tawm 2-3 buds ntawm txhua lub hauv paus.
Lub qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov tuag apical raum yog muab tshem tawm ua ntej khiav tawmtxhais los ntawm lub cev yav tom ntej.
Yuav kom tiv thaiv branching, gardeners pom zoo kom tsis txhob tshem tawm ntawm sab saum toj ntawm tsob ntoo columnar, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no nws yog zoo dua mus nkaum nws los ntawm Frost.
Pruning sab tua
Sab tua tom qab ntawm columnar kua yog clamped thaum pib ntawm lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv thiaj li khaws cia cov duab ntawm "kem". Yog li ntawd, nrog lawv cov kev loj hlob, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub rau hli ntuj, lub lateral tua uas tau tshwm los yuav tsum tau txiav tawm.
Rau lub caij ntuj no, tua raug muab zais los ntawm cov khaub thuas, thaum ua tib zoo tiv thaiv paj buds los ntawm frosting, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov qis dua. Tiv thaiv cov ntoo ntawm Frost los ntawm cov ntaub qhwv nws nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev, koj tuaj yeem siv tau ntawv.
Colonid kua kho mob
Kolonovidnye Kua, zoo li tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, yuav tsum tau ceev faj. Lo lus kev tu xyuas yuav tsum to taub raws li kev tu xyuas cov ntoo, pib ntawm seedling lub sij hawm mus rau lub sij hawm ntawm pab fruiting.
Kev saib xyuas nrog rau kev npaj ntawm tsob ntoo nrog qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom ya, tsim nyog noj thiab txoj cai teeb pom kev zoo (tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau qhov chaw pub dawb, tsim ntawm lub tais thiab pob tw, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kab tsuag thiab ntau yam kab mob).
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog kev saib xyuas ntawm Autumn ntau yam ntawm Kua ntoo.
Watered kua
Dej noo yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev noj haustsim nyog rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo. Tsis muaj noo noo nyob rau hauv cov av, adversely cuam tshuam qhov kev loj hlob, Frost tsis kam thiab durability ntawm tsis tsuas txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis lwm yam tsob ntoo.
Tab sis, thiab dej ntau tshaj yog tsim kev puas tsuaj: qhov no, cov av tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov nqi ntawm cov pa oxygen, thiab vim li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom tsim txom, uas yuav ua rau tuag taus ntawm tsob ntoo. Kev phom sij tsis zoo yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis tsim nyog thiab tsim kev puas tsuaj, i.e. alternation ntawm qhuav av ntev nrog tshaj dej.
Tam sim ntawd tom qab cog, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau muab ywg rau ntawm tus nqi ntawm ob los yog peb lub thoob rau ib hauv paus. Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm cog, nrog txhua successive watering, txog plaub mus rau tsib thoob dej yuav tsum tau poured nyob rau hauv tsob ntoo. Tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau cov dej yog yav tsaus ntuj: thaum tsaus ntuj lub noo noo tsis yaj heev npaum li cas.
Xav paub ntau ntxiv pab rau irrigating peb kua ntoo yog rainwater thiab yaj dej, yog li nws yuav tsum tau sau thaum twg los tau. Kev ywg dej nrog cov dej txias kom ntau tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo rau kev loj hlob thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov ntoo, cov dej yuav tsum tsis txhob sov, qhov kub ntawm cov av.
Thaum lub sij hawm dej, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom ncuav dej tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw xwb, qhov no yuav nkag tau ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau moisten tag nrho nyob ze-qia ib feem ntawm cov av evenly.
Dej noo yuav tsum nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb mus rau ib qhov tob ntawm 80-100 cm, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia cov creation ntawm ib tug crust rau hauv av, uas tej zaum yuav tshwm tom qab xaus ntawm dej. Yuav kom saturate lub ntiaj teb nrog oxygen, tom qab watering, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas koj loosen cov av.
Peb tiv thaiv tsob ntoo los ntawm kab tsuag
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb, thaum tu cov nroj tsuag, kom nco ntsoov qhov lawv xav tau tiv thaiv tawm tsam kab tsuag. Thaum muaj ntau yam kab tshwm sim, raws li, cov kab mob uas ua los ntawm lawv tshwm sim, cov ntoo pib mob taub hau, uas muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm kev raug tsim txom txawm tias kev tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Muaj ntau hom kab tsuag ntau ntau. Cov kab no yog cov nram qab no xws li: npauj npog, silkworm (unpaired los yog ringed), kub pob paj, hawthorn, kua txiv maum moth, slimy cherry sawfly, ntsuab aphids, leafworm, flowering weevil, honeyfly, kab laug sab mite, crisps thiab ntau lwm tus.
Ib tug Kab Tsuag kis cov paj thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nws tus kheej, tus lwm yam - qhov nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo, qhov thib peb - lub trunks thiab ceg. Muaj ntau cov cuab yeej los pab tiv thaiv kab tsuag thiab nroj tsuag kab mob, nrog lawv cov kev pab nws yog ib qho ua kom tiv thaiv tau, ua kom txaj muag lossis ua kom muaj kab mob.
Nyob ntawm seb hom tshuaj tua kab no yog dab tsi, thiab nyob ntawm hom kab mob, muaj ntau yam kev sib txuas lus ntawm lawv, xws li: carbofos - 0.3% concentrate, bitoxybacillin, dendrobatsillin, peb feem pua trichloror, 10% flozalon
Kho nrog ntoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ib tug pov thawj nrov method - txau cov ntoo nrog haus luam yeeb decoction. Kev daws ntawm qhov cuab yeej no yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1 mus rau 10, thiab lees paub tias kev tua kab mob zoo.
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, muaj ntau cov tshuaj uas zoo heev tawm tsam kab tsuag. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas thaum siv cov tshuaj no, ua tib zoo xyuas seb lub neej tseem ceeb tsis tau tso lub sij hawm, vim tias kev siv cov tshuaj zoo li no, ua ntej, tsis muaj zog nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam ib tug tej yam kab, thiab qhov thib ob - ua mob rau nws tus kheej.
Kuv xav nco ntsoov tias muaj ntau hom kab tsuag xws li hav zoov thiab daim teb rog thiab nas. Tsis nco qab txog lawv, vim hais tias lawv yog cov tseem ceeb garden pests, lawv muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj mob loj rau ib tsob ntoo, thiab, raws li, rau peb cov columnar Kua. Nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam lawv yuav pab koj ceg ntawm cov cawv qoob loo, uas tuaj yeem nkag tau ib tsob ntoo nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cev.
