Petunia yog hais txog cov nroj tsuag uas tsis xav tau kev nthuav qhia tshwj xeeb. Qhov no paj tau ntev tau hlub los ntawm ntau gardeners, ob leeg nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws thiab ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Cov nroj tsuag tau tob hauv hauv peb cov paj ntoo, lawns, balconies thiab qhov rais sills rau ntau tshaj ib xyoo caum. Thiab qhov no yog tsis muaj kev huam yuaj: petunia yog unpretentious, nws hlob sai sai thiab pleases peb nrog nws cov xim kaj lug thaum pib ntawm lub caij ntuj sov rau thawj thawj huab cua. Grandiflora multicolored petunia cascades yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev muab cov zog tseem ceeb rau lub pob zeb txias pob zeb ntawm lub nroog loj.
Tab sis, txawm nws yooj yim, tsis yog txhua tus vaj gardeners tswj kom loj hlob ib tug noj qab haus huv thiab flowering nroj. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub neej ntawm cov tsiaj ua lawv cov kev kho rau cov kev cai ntawm kev kho mob rau no paj, uas ncaj qha cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Yog li, ua ntej koj yuav tau txais no paj, koj yuav tsum paub seb dab tsi yog nrov rau Grandiflora petunia, thiab nws yog dab tsi.
Yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm pab pawg
Grandiflora (grandiflora) petunia yog lub herbaceous perennial cog nrog ib ceg ntoo. Lub paj belongs rau tsev neeg Solanaceae thiab yog aboriginal hom ntawm kub sov tauj hav zoov zones ntawm South America.
Koj puas paub? Petunia tau pom los ntawm tus kws txheeb ze Fabkis tus kws tshawb fawb thiab tus kws kho mob Naturalist Jean Baptiste Lamarck. Nyob rau hauv qhov phem tshaj yeeb ncuab ntawm lub vaj: ib daim ntawv teev cov feem ntau cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv 1793, lub paj tuaj rau tus kws tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib herbarium, coj los ntawm Uruguay.
Qhov siab ntawm qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm petunia yog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm 20-40 cm, tab sis muaj ntau yam uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab txog li 60 cm.Yog li no, lub qia tuaj yeem ua kom ntseg, los yog creeping los yog densely branched. On nws yog tsim puag ncig tua ntawm xim ntsuab, uas yog abundantly them nrog hairs. Cov nplooj yog tag nrho, txawv nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab loj, teem caij rau ntawm paj.
Qhov loj tshaj kev txaus siab ntawm grandiflora yog nws loj, feem ntau yog ib qho paj nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm txog 10-12 cm. Lawv tsim nyob rau luv pedicels, muaj ob lub perianths thiab ua tau yooj yim los yog npau taws. Lawv cov xim txawv. Muaj ntau yam nrog paj los ntawm ib tug me me liab ntxoov ntxoo mus rau ib tug nruj ntshav doog, nrog fringing los yog plua plav thaj ua rau thaj. Feem ntau, lub sij hawm ntawm flowering ntawm petunias grandiflora kav txij thaum pib ntawm lub rau hli ntuj mus rau qhov pib ntawm thawj huab cua txias. Tom qab cog rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ib tug muaj peev xwm saib qhov tsos ntawm ib lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo-lub thawv, los ntawm cov noob me me yog poured tawm tom qab maturation.
Tseem paub txog kev loj hlob Terry, ampelnoe, cascade petunias
Loj-flowered petunias deservedly nyob hauv ib qho ntawm cov thawj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm prevalence ntawm ornamental nroj tsuag. Qhov no yog facilitated los ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm no hom mus hloov mus rau ntau yam ntawm yeej, los ntawm kub tropics mus txias sab qaum teb thaj tsam. Nws tau sawv los ua qhov haujlwm nyuaj ntawm ntau lub noob caj noob ces kom yug tshiab ntau yam.
Grandflora petunia blooming yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm ntau lub paj txaj, rabatok, curbs, balconies thiab chav. Niaj hnub nim no muaj ntau yam ua rau cov tsiaj txhu muaj peev xwm ua rau cov tsiaj txhu loj hlob ntawm cov paj ntoo, lossis ua ib qho khoom plig (paj ntoo) nrog dawb ciam teb muaj raws ntawm ntau yam nroj tsuag).
Koj puas paub? FPetunia tau hu ua thawj coj Nicotinia axillaris. Tab sis nws tau ntev hloov mus rau hauv Petunia axillaris, los ntawm lo lus nyob rau hauv lub qub Brazilian dialect "Petun", uas txhais tau tias "luam yeeb".
Ntau yam
Loj-flowered petunias paub rau lub nplua mais ntawm ntau yam bred rau ntau tshaj ib xyoo caum. Ntawm qhov ntau tus xov tooj ntawm hybrids, tsuas yog ib ob peb ntau yam txaus siab rau kev nyiam ntawm cov gardeners. Hybrids yog nyiam feem ntau vim zoo nkauj aesthetic thiab physiological yam ntxwv, uas ua rau nws tau cultivate petunia yam tsis muaj teeb meem ntau. Peb muab ib qho kev qhia luv luv ntawm ntau yam muaj kev vam meej.
Koj puas paub? Niaj hnub yug breeders muaj peev xwm coj ntau yam ntawm petunia, uas yog muaj peev xwm loj hlob nyob rau ntawm ib tug kub ntawm -4 ° C. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm ntau ntawm cultivation ntawm no paj, thiab tseem ua nws tau los qhuas lub flowering ntawm petunias nyob rau hauv lub huab cua nyab xeeb cheeb tsam kom txog rau thaum pib ntawm frosts.
Petunia Grandiflora "Npau suav": cultivated los ntawm Pan American. Cov nroj tsuag qhia tau hais tias muaj zog tiv thaiv tsis zoo rau tej yam puag ncig, xws li tsawg dua kub. Qhov no ntau yam yog txuam nrog ib tug series ntawm tsib hybrids, uas yog txawv los ntawm lawv cov compactness, tsawg qia thiab zoo compatibility nrog txhua lwm yam. Paj hybrids tsuas yog dawb, liab, liab thiab liab hues.
Petunia Grandiflora "Aladdin": cog kev cog qoob loo uas tsis muaj ntau tshaj 40 cm thiab paj ntawm txoj kab ntawm 10 cm.Qhov ntau yam suav nrog ntau lub paj uas muaj ntau hom paj xim dawb, liab, liab thiab lub teeb liab hues. Hybrids pib bloom thaum ntxov, tab sis lub flowering lub sij hawm tseem kom txog thaum thawj loj poob hauv kub. Qhov ntau yam yog zoo tag nrho rau cog nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, thiab rau cog nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub.
Petunia Grandiflora "Limbaugh G. P": ib tiam tshiab ntawm hybrid petunias los ntawm lub tuam txhab Limbo. Cov nroj tsuag yog nyiam dua undersized (txog li 20 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab), tab sis lawv vam meej nyob rau hauv lub horizontal coj, raws li ib tug ntawm uas ib tug loj cheeb tsam Bush yog tsim. Qhov no feature tso cai rau koj siv ib tug me tooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag ib square Meter nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm paj txaj. Qhov ntau blooms profusely tshaj ib lub sij hawm ntev. Qhov xim txawv yog nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm cov xim liab ntxoov ntxoo (coral, ntses liab ntses). Paj hauv lub cheeb tsis pub tshaj 12 cm.
Tus kheej-loj hlob seedlings
Lub thoob plaws loj ntawm cov tsiaj loj-loj tsiaj tau tshwm sim los ntawm ntau qhov kev tsis txaus siab thiab cov lus ceeb toom txog kev cog qoob loo li cas los ntawm cov noob thiab seb puas yuav ua rau nws, vim hais tias tau txais kev ywj pheej zoo yog qhov teeb meem nyuab heev. Summing up tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm "rau" thiab "tawm tsam", peb muaj peev xwm hais tias petunia, tab sis ib qho paj unpretentious, tab sis kev saib xyuas thiab cultivation ntawm seedlings ntawm seedlings ntawm no tsiaj tsis yog ib qho yooj yim ua hauj lwm. Niaj hnub no peb yuav sim qhia tag nrho cov secrets ntawm txoj kev no thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv li ntawd cultivation ntawm seedlings tsis nyuaj, txawm rau beginners.
Lub sijhawm zoo
Yog hais tias koj yog ib tug paub qab hau gardener thiab koj muaj peev xwm los qhia qhov petunia seedlings, sowing noob rau seedlings rau ntxiv cog nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av tau ua nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj. Thaum koj tsis muaj lub sijhawm li no, Cov qoob loo loj hlob ntawm no paj feem ntau pib ze dua rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab kub.nyob rau hauv ob ib nrab ntawm Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj. Kev ruaj ntseg kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov hnub cog yuav pab kom tau txais kev noj qab haus huv cov nroj tsuag, tsim rau cov sij hawm ntev flowering. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm loj hlob ib lub paj rau sab hauv lub hom phiaj, nws yog ib qhov ua tau rau germinate cov noob ntawm txhua lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo.
Nws yuav pab tau rau koj kom paub txog tag nrho cov secrets ntawm petunia fertilizer.
Peev thiab av
Tau seedlings, cov av rau sowing yuav tsum yog xoob, tsis ntom. Nws tseem yog tsim nyog saib xyuas hais tias nws yog lub teeb thiab muaj nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg tus tsim nyog npaum li cas ntawm cov muab kev pab cuam rau cov nroj tsuag tshwm sim. Peb qhia koj kom npaj lub substrate raws li nram no: peat, turf los yog nplooj ntoos av thiab rotted humus yog tov hauv vaj huam sib luag, ib qho me me ntawm cov xuab zeb yog ntxiv rau cov dej (mus txog 20% ntawm tag nrho cov pawg).
Ib qho tseem ceeb yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm muaj peev xwm rau ntawm germination ntawm noob. Lub germination ntawm petunia noob tsis yuav tsum tau loj loj ntim, rau lub hom phiaj no me me nkoj los yog tshwj xeeb vaj cassettes zoo tshaj plaws haum. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov yas yas yooj yim. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj yog ua raws li txoj cai yooj yim tab sis tseem ceeb: kom tau txais grandiflora petunia seedlings, qhov siab ntawm lub ntim yuav tsum tsis pub dhau 10-15 cm.
Sowing noob
Sowing noob yog nqa tawm raws li nram no:
- npaj rau germination nyob rau hauv tsawg tshaj li ib hnub, lub substrate yog ntim rau hauv ib lub thawv tshwj xeeb. Lub nkoj yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj puv nkaus, rau ntawm ntug dej - ntawm theem no nws yuav tsum tawm tsawg kawg 20% ntawm qhov chaw pub dawb ntawm tag nrho cov cav ntoo;
- ces tus so ntawm cov av yog rubbed los ntawm ib tug zoo sieve thiab poured tshaj lub ntsiab sab cib, ib txheej ntawm kwv yees li 1 cm. Nws yog tsim nyog rau lub noob rau tusyees, lawv kawg germination nyob ntawm nws;
- Petunia noob yog tov nrog ib feem me me ntawm cov xuab zeb qhuav, tom qab uas lawv tau muab cog rau hauv cov av uas tau npaj nyob rau hauv ib lub tais thiab ua kom zoo;
- tom qab lub noob tau nkag tau rau hauv lub tank germination, nws yuav tsum tau poured abundantly thiab them nrog ib tug zaj duab xis los yog iav.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tsum tau sow noob ntawm ib petunia nrog ib tug Tshuag. Vim tias lub hnub tshav ntuj luv thaum pib ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lawv cov kab mob germination txo ob peb zaug, yog li ntawd cov noob nqi uas qhia los ntawm cov khw muag khoom nyob rau hauv lub ntim yog raug pom zoo kom muab doubled.
Tej yam mob rau germination
Yuav kom ntse germinate lub noob ntawm grandiflora petunias, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog xyuas kom muaj qhov kub qhov kub ntawm yam tsawg + 20 ° C. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv koj muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb lub sij hawm los muab rau yav tom ntej seedlings nrog ib tug siab dua kub, peb qhia koj xaiv ib tug kub tsoom fwv ntawm txog + 26-28 ° C. Nyob rau hauv xws li tej yam kev mob, lub noob yuav germinate nyob rau hauv cia li ib ob peb hnub, tab sis nyob rau hauv high huab cua nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov av tsis poob nws noo noo, thiab yog hais tias tsim nyog, ntxiv water dej lub substrate.
Seedling kev kho mob
Tom qab hais txog ib lub lim tiam, lub noob germinate thiab ib tug ci ntsuab sprout emerges los ntawm lawv. Los ntawm no taw tes rau, seedlings yuav tsum tau muab nrog lub teeb. Rau qhov no Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nqa lub lauj kaub ze ntawm lub qhov rais, mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov teeb tshwj xeeb rau cov yub. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los muab sprouts nrog kwv yees li 12 teev ntawm tas li illumination, qhov no yuav ua kom sai li lub germination txheej txheem ob peb zaug. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los muab lub teeb tawg kom qwj, raws li lawv tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab qhuav (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov teeb pom kev zoo).
Tsis tas li ntawd thaum lub sij hawm no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los muab cov high humidity, rau qhov no cov nroj tsuag muaj watered thiab moistened txhua txhua hnub nrog ib tug sprayer tes. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias ntau noo noo yuav ua rau rotten kab mob, yog li tus tua yuav tsum tau aired nrog txhua tshwm sim ntawm condensation rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm zaj duab xis los yog iav.
Hardening seedlings
Mus cog seedlings nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub los yog qhib hauv av thaum ncav qhov loj me me yam uas tsis tau ua ntej hardening yog nruj me ntsis txwv. Vim lub fact tias cov nroj tsuag tau sprouted nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm high kub thiab noo noo, ib tug poob poob hauv humidity thiab cua sov yuav ua rau tuag ntawm paj. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau mus ua txoj haujlwm loj. Rau qhov no, ntau tshaj li ob peb hnub, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog maj mam txo qhov ntsuas kub ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob rau qhov yuav tsum tau muaj, thaum nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau tiv thaiv cov ntoo los ntawm sai sai tshav kub. Nws tseem yog tsim nyog los npaj cov nroj tsuag rau huab cua qhuav ntawm peb lub latitude. Ua li no, niaj hnub airing lub sprouts los ntawm ob peb feeb yog maj mam nce mus rau ob peb xuab moos, thiab tom qab ntawd mam li tshem tawm qhov tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
Cog cog rau ntawm qhov chaw
Tom qab 3-4 nplooj ntawv daim ntawv rau ntawm seedlings, petunias yog npaj rau cog thiab tu rau lawv nyob rau hauv qhib tua. Txoj kev no tsis yog qhov nyuaj rau ib tus neeg pib. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam secrets uas yuav pab ua kom yooj yim rau nws, ua kom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev cog ntoo thiab txo tag nrho cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj nroj tsuag.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Fertilizing av nrog manure ua ntej cog petunias yog txiav txwv tsis pub. Qhov no fertilizer nyob rau hauv yuav luag 100% ntawm tus neeg mob yog qhov ua rau ntawm fungal tus kab mob ntawm cov paj.
Lub sijhawm zoo
Cog ntawm seedlings ntawm petunia yog nqa tawm tsuas yog thaum tag nrho cov ntse hmo ntuj kub tee nyob twj ywm tom qab. Rau qhov no qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm yuav kawg ntawm May - pib ntawm lub rau hli ntuj.
Xaiv qhov chaw
Cov cog ntawm petunia yog ua rau qhib qhov chaw tsis muaj weeds thiab nrog ib tug txaus tus nqi ntawm tshav ntuj. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau no loamyib av lossis av xuab zeb nrog cov theem ntawm fertility txaus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, nws feem ntau yog advised kom pre-enriching cov av nrog ntxiv muab kev pab cuam nrog kev pab ntawm fertilizers ntawm natural keeb kwm (compost los yog humus). Loj-flowered petunias tsis zam draftsYog li ntawd, nws yog worthwhile mus saib xyuas hais tias lub paj yog nyob tom qab ib tug laj kab los yog thaiv los ntawm lwm yam nroj tsuag.
Cov txheej txheem thiab qauv
Yav tsaus ntuj lub sijhawm lossis ib hnub dhau los yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsaws. raws li lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua kom puas cov tsiaj nyhuv. Yuav kom tsis txhob puas tsuaj cov nroj tsuag, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los moisten thiab muag lub germination substrate ua ntej tshem nws. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj ib sapling: rau qhov no, lawv noj nws los ntawm nplooj saum toj kawg nkaus, nqe lauj nws nrog ib tug wand thiab rub tawm nws.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tom qab tshem lub seedling los ntawm lub germination tank, nws yog ncaj qha txwv los co lub av los ntawm keeb kwm, raws li qhov no tej zaum yuav puas qhov muag heev paus system ntawm sprout.
On qhov npaj thiab fertilized av ntawm lub paj lub txaj, qhov me me yog dug li; qhov deb ntawm lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li 15-20 cm, txij li thaum tsis tus nroj tsuag yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug graceful Bush ntawm daim ntawv tseeb. Tom qab cog ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tsim ib qhov me me nyob rau hauv hauv av, uas yuav khaws lub tsim nyog noo noo nyob ze ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Thaum kawg ntawm tus txheej txheem, koj yuav tsum tau mus ncuav dej ntau nplua mias.
Cov Tswv Yim Kho Mob
Kev loj hlob petunias yog ib qho yooj yim txheej txheem uas tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab kev txawj ntse, tab sis kom ua tiav ntev flowering ntawm cov nroj tsuag. nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li qee txoj cai ntawm kev saib xyuas rau nws.
Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav ua kom ntev ntev ntawm cov tsiaj qoob loo, xws li chiv yog siv xws li: "Stimulus", HB-101, "Mortar", "Kemira", "BioMaster", "Master", "Plantafol"
Watering
Petunia grandiflora yog hom noo noo noo.uas tsis zam drought, yog li koj yuav tsum tau dej lub paj copiously, nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub kub lub caij ntuj sov lub sij hawm. Cov txheej txheem yog feem ntau nqa tawm ob zaug ib hnub, thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj. Nyob rau lub sij hawm qhuav tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws, cov nroj tsuag yuav ua tsaug rau koj yog tias koj muab nws da dej los yog ntxiv noo nrog ib lub vaj zaub tsuag. Thaum lub caij nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab tsis muaj hmo ntuj (lig May thiab thaum lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj), nws tsis tsim nyog ua rau dej petunia thaum hmo ntuj, vim qhov no yuav ua rau dhau ntawm nws lub hauv paus.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Cov nroj tsuag tsis xav tau ntau npaum li cas, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias flowering yog ib tug txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov kev muab kev pab cuam. Yog li, ua kom cuag ncua siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov xim thiab ntev lub sij hawm no rau huab cua txias, koj yuav tsum saib xyuas ntxiv pub mis. Rau cov hom phiaj no, "Agricol" zoo meej rau cov paj nroj tsuag, "Aelita-paj" los yog analogues. Simple potassium nitrate kuj muaj pov thawj zoo heev. Kev noj tshuaj thiab kev siv ntau npaum li cas yuav tsum raug pom zoo raws li cov khw muag cov lus qhia.
Pruning
Tom qab tsim muaj ntau tus tshiab paj txhua lub caij sov, petunia yuav tsum tsis tu ncua. Ua li no, lub qub inflorescences nrog rau cov tub ntxhais hluas noob thiab sluggish paj raug muab tshem tawm nrog dog dig vaj txiab los yog shears. Yog hais tias ib tug niaj zaus pruning ntawm paj yog tsis nqa tawm, cov nroj tsuag yuav muab pov tag nrho lub hwj chim rau cov noob, uas yuav sai sai no ua rau tiav ntawm flowering.
Grandiflora Petunia yog lub txiaj ntsim zoo ntawm qhov xwm thiab kev yug menyuam. Qhov no paj yog ci, zoo nkauj thiab tsis nyiam lwm yam nroj tsuag. Tias yog vim li cas nws thiaj li sai tau lub vaj paj txaj, balconies thiab qhov rais sills. Ntxiv mus, qhov yooj yim nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas thiab chaw nyob, raws li tau zoo raws li lub nplua mais ntawm ntau yam ntau yam ua nws ib tug haum hom rau tej hom phiaj florist.
