Cherry yog ib tug heev noj qab haus huv, thiab dhau li ntawd, six txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no yog nplua nuj heev ntawm ntau cov khoom thiab cov vitamins rau peb lub cev.
Muaj ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm ntau yam ntawm cherries, muaj ntau yam ntawm lub caij ntuj no-hardiness thiab tsis heev, nrog zoo kev tiv thaiv, thiab resistant rau pests, txawv lawv tseem los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm maturation.
Cov no suav nrog thaum ntxov thiab nruab nrab. Peb yuav qhia nyob rau hauv ntau dua kom meej txog ntau yam ntawm nruab nrab ripening Cherry, uas yog hu ua "Hluas".
Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry: ntau yam lus piav qhia
Thaum cog ib lub vaj, rau nws cov paib thiab txiaj ntsig loj tshaj, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim txog kev xaiv hom thiab ntau hom ntoo uas koj xav cog.
Lub luag hauj lwm loj yog ua si los ntawm qhov tsis kam ntawm ntoo kom txias thiab txhua hom kab mob. Koj yuav tsum tau xav txog qhov chaw nyob yav tom ntej ntawm tsob ntoo thiab qhov muaj ntawm cov neeg mob fertile rau nws cov cultivation.
Cherries yog heev fond ntawm noo noo, hnub, av nplua nuj nyob rau hauv av nplaum thiab xuab zeb
Thaum yuav kev cog qoob loo, ib tug yuav tsum ua tib zoo mloog zoo rau lawv tus kheej, thiab cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau ua tshwj xeeb heev rau hauv cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb thiab hauv kev sim dhau los. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov tswv yim thiab prolific ntau yam ntawm cherries muaj peev xwm raug hu ua ntau yam - cov hluas.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry yog tsob ntoo ntau yam skoroplodny, uas sib txawv hauv txhua txhua xyoo kev noj qab haus huv thiab tus kheej fertility, i.e. Qhov no tsiaj ntawm Cherry ntoo yog pollinated los ntawm nws pollen. Vim nws txoj kev tshaj tawm, qhov no tsob ntoo yog nruab nrab, thiab nws nyiam nrog qoob loo ntawm 4-5 xyoos tom qab kev poob siab. Muaj ib tug heev siab tsim tau - 10-12 kg ntawm Vichy tau yooj yim sau los ntawm ib tsob ntoo.
Hom cherry no yog hais txog lig maturing ntau yamthiab ripens nyob rau hauv lig Lub Xya hli ntuj thiab thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj. Nws muaj ib tug thawj tsos, raws li nyob rau hauv qhov xwm nws zoo li ib tug medium-qhov loj me Bush, txog 3 meters siab. Zoo tolerates frosts.
Ib me ntsis ntxiv txog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry yog loj txaus, txhua fetus ncav cuag hais txog 4.5 grams nyhav. Lawv muaj ib lub qij duab, xim burgundy tsaus thiab nplua nuj qab ntxiag.
Mus saj lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib thiab qaub, heev nrov nyob rau hauv kis, cov nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog muaj kua thiab ntom. Cherry muaj ib tug maub liab, kua txiv heev thiab ib nrab pob txha, uas yog yooj yim cais los ntawm lub pulp.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no hom ntawm Cherry yuav consumed tsis tsuas yog tshiab, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ib tug ua daim ntawv. Amazing jams, compotes, jams, juices, marshmallows, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo wine yog tsim los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws kuj yog tsim nyog teev tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry yog thauj tau.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cherries yog heev nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov organic acids thiab ntau macronutrients. Cherry muaj malic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, quinic acid, salicylic acid, zoo li magnesium, calcium, phosphorus thiab potassium.
Tam sim no hais txog cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry ntoo
Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry yog nruab nrab los yog qis dua qhov siab ntawm qhov siab ntawm ib tsob ntoo los yog tsob ntoo uas muaj ib tug sib npaug, me ntsis qis dua yas.
Tus kheej tsawg zuj zus ntoo thiab hais txog ib tug me me ntawm tus tsiaj uas tsis ntshai ntawm huab cua qhuav thaum lub sij hawm flowering. Ntawm tsob ntoo, koj tuaj yeem saib qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov loj ntawm ntsuab nplooj nrog frayed sawv ntawm nplooj ntoos phaj.
Yeej tsob ntoo txua txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau xyoo tas los no thiab kuj nce mentsis rau ntawm cov ceg ntoo. Yog li ntawd, rau no hom ntawm Cherry yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev me me thinning nrog txhua xyoo pruning. Cherry ntoo yog propagated by txiav thiab paus tua. Cov tsob ntoo tsau npo thiab ntuj qhuav heev.
Cov kev tsis zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsim ntawm cov ntau yam no yog dab tsi?
Lub meej mom ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry yog tias nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau txhim khu self-fruiting thiab qaug zog-loj hlob Moscow ntau yam ntawm tsob ntoo nrog siab txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo heev.
Qhov zoo dua yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi mus rau qhov tseeb tias nws yog ib qho uas nws tus kheej-ntau yam nrog ib nrab nruab nrab ripening lub sij hawm, uas pib lub Xya hli ntuj 20-25. Hom ntoo no txaus tiv taus feem ntau txaus ntshai fungal kab mobQhov feem ntau cuam tshuam lws suav ntoo yog coccomycosis thiab moniliasis. Lub yeej ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry, nyob rau hauv ib sov sov lub caij ntuj sov, yog 2-3 ntsiab lus.
Qhov no yog cherry kuj zoo rau qhov muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj uas txi zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo txhua lub caij ntuj sov. Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry yog ib qho zoo heev pollinator rau ntau tom qab ntau yam ntawm cherries. Thaum lub sij hawm lub flowering lub sij hawm, no ntau yam ntawm ntau yam yog resistant mus qhuav oriental huab cua, kom txias winters thiab loj heev frosts, thaum kam rau siab txias huab cua yog pom tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ntoo, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv flowering buds.
Cov tshwj xeeb drawbacks nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cherries tsis emit. Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry, zoo li tag nrho lwm yam ntau yam ntawm no txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau txhua xyoo kev kho mob nrog npaj los tiv thaiv fungal kab mob - fungicides.
Rau cherries, koj yuav tsum tau xaiv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb rau cog, raws li nyob rau hauv lub ca, tsis zoo ventilated cheeb tsam, cherries tsim zuj zus, thiab thaum twg muaj ib tug tsis muaj poov tshuaj, nitrogen thiab phosphorus, lawv tsis dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo. Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry tseem yuav tsum tau txhua txhua xyoo, txij li thaum muaj ib qho muaj zog overgrowing ntawm crown, uas ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv tawm los thiab wildness ntawm tsob ntoo.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog kev tu thiab cog ntawm xav cherries.
Nta ntawm cog ntoo
Txij li cas txhua lub tsob ntoo cog kom zoo, nws txoj kev loj hlob, khoom tsim tau thiab ua kom nyob taus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev ua ntej cog ib sapling, kawm cov kev cai thiab cov nta ntawm cog.
Rau cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry feem ntau txaus siab lub sij hawm tsaws yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Cog ib tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiaj li yuav muaj peev xwm ntawm khov ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau lub caij ntuj no. Cherry nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw hlob zoo thiab muab ib tug sau ntawm txog 15-16 xyoo.
Nplua yuav siv sij hawm hauv paus rau ntawm qhov chaw siab tshajNrog ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm lub hnub thiab dryness ntawm cov av, thiab raws li nyob rau hauv qhov tsis tuaj nyob rau hauv av, qhov qis tshaj theem ntawm av yog 2-2.5 m. Rau cherries, nruab nrab, me ntsis alkaline, thiab nyiam dua lub teeb av yog feem ntau haum.
Rau cov cog qoob loo, ib tug pit yog dug mus rau ib qhov tob ntawm 40-50 cm, nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm mus txog 70-80 cm. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yog 2 m, nyob rau hauv kab - 3 m. Organic chiv nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 10-15 kg yog muab tso rau hauv aub tsiv, thaum cog, tshauv los yog potash chiv nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 500 g thiab phosphate txog 150-300 gr.
Av, thaum yug me nyuam cherry nyob rau hauv lub vaj, yuav tsum tau ceev cia, ncaj moist thiab xoob. Nyob rau hauv Autumn, hauv av yog dug mus txog ib tug tob ntawm txog 15 mus rau 20 centimeters, thiab nyob ze ntawm lub ntoo pob tw - 10 cm.
Cherry ntoo yog tas pub nrog chiv. Pub cov ntoo yog nqa tawm los ntawm khawb tsob ntoo. Qhov nyiaj ntawm hnav khaub ncaws saum toj siab nyob ntawm hnub nyoog ntawm tsob ntoo, nws tus mob, thiab kev muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv cov av.
Rau peb los yog plaub xyoos tom qab ua kev puas tsuaj, cov ntoo yog pub nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlavnyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tsuas yog nitrogen chiv yog thov, xam rau ib 1 sq. m. m. av - 20g ntawm urea, uas yog ntxiv rau cov av.
Rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug hluas tsob ntoo, thaum pib ntawm nws fruiting, compost los yog manure yog tswvcuab hauv cov av. Compost daws npaum li cas nyob rau hauv feem ntau: 1 square. meter, kwv yees li 10 kg; urea - txog 25 g; poov tshuaj chloride - 20 g; ntoo tshauv - mus txog 200-300 g; yooj yim superphosphate - 60 g los yog ob superphosphate - 30 g.
Thaum tsob ntoo pib mob siab khov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, fertilizing nrog minerals ntxiv, thiab tus nqi ntawm cov organic chiv yuav tsum tau nce mus rau kwv yees li 15-20 kg.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg lawv tau pub nrog phosphate thiab potash chiv, organic - nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn, thiab nitrogen chiv - tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Lime txhawb ua hauj lwm ncua, nyob rau hauv ib qho nyiaj sib nug xov mus rau qhov qhia ntawm acidity ntawm cov av.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas cherries feem ntau pub nrog ib tug nrov pej xeem txoj kev, uas muaj nyob rau hauv qhia cov noog rau hauv av ntawm ib tug dung los yog manure slurry. Nws yog qhov zoo heev rau pub cov ntoo nrog urea, kev daws yog diluted nyob rau hauv lub ib feem ntawm 40 g ntawm urea ib 10 liv dej. Cov ntaub ntawv foliar tshwj xeeb yog ua tiav thaum pib ntawm lub caij ntuj sov.
Rau kev loj hlob zoo thiab high yield, thaum cog Cherry cov hluas, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau xaiv txoj cai tsaws qhov chaw. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los cog tsob ntoo hauv qhov zoo-fertilized loamy lossis xuab zeb av ntawm qhov chaw qhib, uas yog sheltered los ntawm cov cua txias los ntawm cov qauv.
Rau tsob ntoo qos yaj ywm ntawm thaj av thaj av, qhov chaw uas nyob rau yav qab teb yog sab laug ntawm cov vaj tse, tsis deb ntawm lub ntsej muag, qhov chaw uas lub mildest microclimate raug tsim thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov seem snow.
Tag nrho cov cherries ntau heev hlub ntub avYog li ntawd, cov av nyob ze ntawm cov nroj tsuag feem ntau watered, thiab ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog aeration. Nyob rau hauv peb tej yam kev mob, Cherry hlob favorably on loamy, txaus drained thiab rhuab av, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam.
Tsis pom zoo rau cherry wood hnyav, nyoos loamsib sib zog nqus cov xuab zeb thiab peatlands. Cherry ntoo kuj tolerates qaub av heev tsis zoo.
Tsis hais txog ntawm cov tsi ntawm Cherry, nws txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsob ntoo ntau heev susceptible rau fungal kab mob, thiab rau cov hom phiaj tiv thaiv, cov nroj tsuag tau kho nrog ib tug daws ntawm urea. Xws li ua yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej blooming ntawm thawj buds, thiab nyob rau hauv lig caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ua ntej qhov pib ntawm thawj Frost.
Yog hais tias tsob ntoo tseem raug mob nrog tus kab mob, nws tsim nyog mus nqa kev kho mob nrog tshuaj chemical "Topaz" lossis "Topsin". Ua tiav ntau lub sij hawm. Thawj theem ntawm xws li kev ua yog nqa tawm thaum tsob ntoo tau faded, ob - nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj, lub thib peb - tom qab sau.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau xaiv seedlings heev kom zoo zoo, vim hais tias qhov zoo ntawm ib sapling yog ntawm tseem ceeb heev rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Feem ntau muaj cov saplings ntawm tsawg-yielding thiab twb mob ntoo on muag, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb los los ntawm kev paub thiab txhim khu kev qha muag.
Muaj nqis sau cia tias varietal cherries feem ntau tsis txhob muab ntxiv thiab multiply los ntawm grafting.
Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Cherry tu?
Kev ua cov voj voog, cov khoom noj kom zoo thiab cov nroj tsuag kom raws sijhawm, tiv thaiv kabmob thiab kabmob, txiav ntoo thiab thinning, cov nplhaib xoob, xoob cov av nyob ze ntawm tsob ntoo thiab raws cov kabmob ntawm cov yas yog txhua yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev tu ntoo rau cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry.
Cog cherries nyob rau hauv nws vaj, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los saib xyuas lub humidity ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Noo noo mus rau cherries yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tau nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum tsob ntoo blossoms, thiab nplooj thiab tua pib kom loj hlob. Cov av thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm ntawm yuav tsum yog me ntsis ntub, lwm yam yog ib qho muaj zog poob ntawm ovaries yog ua tau.
Ib qho dhau ntawm noo noo yog kuj tsis tsim nyog, nws loj npaum li cas contributes rau kev tuag ntawm lub keeb kwm thiab suspending qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo, nplooj pib tig daj, sab saum toj ntawm ntoo crown dries tawm
Ib qho tseem ceeb heev thaum uas tu ib tug hluas nkauj Cherry ntoo yog nws systematic muaj pruning. Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo, lub crown hlob lawm ib txwm, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau me me pruning.
Thaum pruning, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias ntau qhov txhab mus rau lub hauv paus neeg tsav tsheb thiab cov ceg ntoo skeletal tsis tau muaj kev puas tsuaj, thiab tsis tu saib xyuas ntawm cov av, nrog pruning loj, yuav ua rau gumming.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm ib qho kev txiav ntawm ib tug hluas nkauj Cherry yog thinning nws cov yas kom tau lub teeb txaus rau nws. Thinning ntawm crown yog nqa tawm thaum lub sij hawm pib ntawm fruiting ntawm tsob ntoo, on mob uas nws hlob los ntawm 30-40 cm ib xyoos twg, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm interlacing thiab rubbing ceg txiav tawm.
Yog hais tias ib tug muaj zog crown thickening tau tshwm sim, nws tsis pom zoo kom nqa tawm ib tug muaj zog pruning ntawm xws li ib tsob ntoo. Pruning cherries nrog ib tug heev tuab crown yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ua sawv, tshaj li ob peb lub xyoos.
Qhov siab ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Bush Cherry yog artificially tas los ntawm gardener txog 2-2.5 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab.
Tsis txhob raug nqi zoo, tsis nco qab txog sunburn thiab Frost burns. Yuav tiv thaiv cov ntoo ntawm tej phenomena nyob rau hauv lig Autumn yuav tsum mus rau whiten tuab pob txha ceg ntoo, qhov tseeb thiab stumps. Qee lub caij whitewashing yog ua tiav dua thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog lub caij ntuj no.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv thiaj li los tiv thaiv puas damaged shtambov thiab skeletal ceg, qhib cov cheeb tsam ntawm ntoo raug pom zoo kom raug them nrog vaj twawb.
Tsis txhob hnov qab los tiv thaiv cov ntoo ntawm cov nas tsuag thiab kab tsuag. Rau lub hom phiaj no, niaj zaus txau yog nqa tawm, thiab kuj yog lub cev ntoo nrog cov ceg ntoo tshiab rau lub caij ntuj no.
Kev saib xyuas tag nrho cov kev cai saum toj no thiab kev tawm tswv yim, koj tuaj yeem cog qoob loo zoo nkauj ntawm koj lub vaj nyob hauv koj lub caij nyoog luv luv thiab sau ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no puav pheej txhua txhua xyoo. Siv koj lub vaj teb vaj tse nrog kev noj qab haus huv thiab tus ntsuj plig.
