Apples ntau Spartan kws txawj raws li lub caij ntuj no ntau yam. Nws tau bred hauv Canada thiab tseem nrov heev hauv nws lub teb chaws. Spartan yog cov saum toj kawg nkaus exported ntau yam ntawm Canadian apples.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsim zoo tshaj plaws ntawm no muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev cia siab, uas yog, muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo mus ntev.
Cia siv sij hawm ze saib qhov kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam Spartan kua ntoo thiab lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Vim muaj kev cia siab, txiv apples tau dag kom txog thaum Lub Plaub Hlis tsis tau poob lawv cov nqi ua lag luam. Khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum nyob rau hauv cov thawv ntoo, hauv qhov chaw zoo, qhov chaw txias thiab chav tsaus (xws li cellar).
Thaum qhia txog ntau yam txiv ntseej Spartan hauv lub tshav kub, lawv tom qab qee lub sij hawm ua sweeter, thiab pib pib ua, ces nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau los ntawm lawv qhov chaw cia kom ruaj ntseg thaum lawv noj.
Qhia ntau yam Spartan
Hauv daim duab koj tuaj yeem pom cov kua thiab txiv apples Spartan thiab nyeem cov lus qhia ntxaws txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tsob ntoo hauv qab no.
Tsob ntoo ntawm no ntau yam muaj ib txoj kev loj hlob zoo thiab ib lub sib tsoo round crown, nws tsis nco qab.
Tua muaj ib tug cranked qauv, tsaus Cherry xim thiab yam ntxwv muaj zog pubescence.
Cov nplooj ntawm no ntau yog feem ntau me me, tej zaum medium, nrog ib lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub plawv thiab tas ib tug twisted taub. Cov xim ntawm cov nplooj yog feem ntau tsaus ntsuab, thiab lub Cross seem yog yuav luag puag ncig. Rau lub Kua ntawm no ntau yam yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm ntau flowering.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm medium-qhov loj qhov me Spartan, feem ntau yog daj, tab sis nrog ib tug loj burgundy blush tias occupies yuav luag tag nrho saum npoo (koj tseem yuav saib Spartan apples nyob rau hauv cov duab). Qee lub sij hawm muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog ib tug xiav tawg, uas muab lawv ib tug xiav xiav los yog txawm hawj hawj.
Spartan Round Grade Applesqee zaum nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm conical puab. Rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qee qhov ribbing yog yam ntxwv. Cov noob ntawm cov txiv apples zoo li cov dos. Cov nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog dawb, crunchy, nrog nyuam qhuav noticeable liab streaks, heev muaj kua thiab fragrant. Lub saj yog qab zib, qee zaum nrog qaub thiab yim pab ntawm melon los yog Strawberry. Nruab nrab qhov ceeb thawj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov dej kom zoo yog 150 grams.
Diam duab
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Kua ntau Spartan tau txais los ntawm Canadian breeders nyob rau hauv 1926., nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Summerland ntawm qhov chaw tos kev sim. Nws ntseeg tias Meckintosh thiab Pepin Newtown Daj ntau yam tau siv los hlaTxawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb nrhiav kev tshawb xyuas keeb kwm tam sim no tau qhia tias cov tom qab tsis koom nrog qhov xaiv ntawm Spartan.
Cuaj kaum, nws paub tias Mekintosh yog qhov txwv ntawm Spartan - lawv muaj cov kev qhia zoo li morphological ntau.
Nroog thaj tsam
Txawm hais tias qhov qhab nia yog Spartan thiab suav hais tias yuav tsum yog lub caij ntuj no, nws cov cua tuaj yeem tawm ntau yuav tsum tau ua.
Yog vim li cas thiaj li nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws Spartan yog zus tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Central thiab Central Chernozem cheeb tsam.
Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus cheeb tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Central Sawb, nws yog twb dhau txias rau no ntau yam. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm no kua yog Canada thiab qee qhov USA.. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus qhab nia tau txais los hauv Switzerland thiab Poland. Cov kev cai Asmeskas ntawm cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no kuj tau txhais tias Spartan tsam 3-6. Raws li qhov tseeb no, nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas tsim kom pom tseeb tias ib Spartan kua ntoo yuav siv sij hawm cag nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam twg.
Tawm
Spartan ntaus nqi rau high-yielding ntau yam. C ib tsob ntoo nyob ntawm cov kab mob kev nyuab, kev tu thiab lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus ntoo tuaj yeem sau tau ntawm 15 mus rau 100 kilograms ntawm txiv apples.
Spartan fructifies ib xyoos ib zaug - cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog npaj txhij rau sau hauv lig Cuaj hlis, tab sis ua ntej pib lub Kaum Ob Hlis lawv tau nrog lawv tus cwj pwm saj thiab ncav cuag qhov kawg kom loj hlob. Hmoov tsis, no ntau yam yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm ib tug txo nyob rau hauv qhov loj ntawm apples nrog lub hnub nyoog ntawm tsob ntoo, yog li ntawd, lub teb yuav tsum tau ua tshiab tsis tu ncua.
Thaum ncav kom loj hlob, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis poob mus rau hauv av, tab sis nyob twj ywm rau hauv lub tsob ntoo kua. Txawm li cas los xij, Spartan yog tus qis-loj hlob thiab qis ntau yam, yog li no ntau yam yog siv rau kev ua lag luam.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab mus rau loj hlob Spartan apples, koj yuav tsum tau ua lub luag hauj lwm thaum xaiv lub seedlings - qhov preference yuav tsum tau muab rau cov nroj tsuag uas muaj feem ntau cov hauv paus system.
Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau tam sim ntawd trim (txog li 40-60 centimeters).
Lub crown ntawm lub Kua ntoo hlob zoo heev dav, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum xaiv ib tug cog qhov chaw - cov nroj tsuag nyob ze yuav tsum muaj hnub txaus. Feem ntau cog biennial nroj tsuag, thiab lawv pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau 3-4 xyoo.
Feem ntau Spartan hlub qhib, undisturbed struts. Kua ntoo yog cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tab sis nws yuav ua tau rau lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg.
Cov av rau cog yog ib qho tseem ceeb - zoo li lwm yam kua ntoo, Spartan yog heev nkag mus rau tsis muaj cua, yog li cov av yuav tsum tau tsawg kawg loamy. Lub ntiaj teb av nplaum yuav ua kom puas tsuaj rau tsob ntoo. Txawm li cas los lub seedling yuav zus txawm nyob rau hauv heev clayey av, yog hais tias koj thawj zaug ntxiv dej xuab zeb tov nrog peat rau nws.
Thaum nrog lub tsev txiav txim siab txiav txim siab, koj yuav tau npaj ib lub qhov. Nws qhov tob yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 70 centimeters, thiab dav - tsis pub tshaj ib lub 'meter'. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv yuav tsum muab ib txheej ntawm fertile av, uas yuav tsum tau ua ntej yuav tov nrog chiv (pob zeb hauv av los yog organic zoo tshaj), ces npog tag nrho nrog ib tug txheej ntawm av tsis muaj chiv.
Nyob ntawm ntug ntawm lub qhov dej, koj yuav tsum tsav tsheb ceg txheem ntseeg kom cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ceg ntoo muaj kev txhawb nqa. Koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tu lub seedlings, sim kom tsis txhob co tawm hauv av los ntawm lawv.
Tom qab cog, cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum hnav li nruj nreem sai li sai tau thiab ib hom cushion yuav tsum tau ua ib ncig ntawm lub qhov taub.
Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau pib dej - koj yuav tsum tau ncuav dej kom txog thaum nws tsis tsau li, tom qab uas cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tshav tsaws yog mulched nrog peat.
Thaum kawg, koj yuav tsum ua ib txoj hlua ruaj khov los yog twine thiab ua tib zoo khi lub tsob ntoo kua txiv rau ceg txheem ntseeg..
Kev kho mob rau ntau yam Spartan tsis muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm lwm lub caij ntuj no ntau yam ntawm cov kua ntoo. Kom cog cov ntoo kom zoo, nrog rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv yuav tsum tau muab cov dej ywg, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov zaub ua si. Raws li kev ywg dej, nyob rau hauv kub thiab qhuav lub sij hawm nws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsawg kawg ib zaug ib lub lim tiam.
Cov qauv ntawm cov nag yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov ntoo ua rau dej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim qhov no yog ntxiv tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam kab mob thiab kab tsuag.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj txiav txim siab siv "rain watering", nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias yog tias koj siv nws rau hnub kub, cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem mob hnyav, yog li cov txheej txheem yuav tsum muab ncua rau yav tsaus ntuj los yog thaum sawv ntxov ntxov. Periodically koj yuav tsum tau loosen cov av, sim kom tsis txhob puas keeb kwm ntawm cov ntoo. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav, Kua Spartan ntau yam yuav tsum tau pub.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws yog feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv peb theem - thaum paj tshwm nyob rau hauv cov ntoo, tom qab flowering tiav lawm thiab ib zaug nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, zoo dua nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov organic chiv xws li humus, slurry, noog droppings. Kom meej meej tsob ntoo ntawm qub ceg, ntawm chav kawm, tsim nyog - pub kom lub sau yuav raug kev txom nyem. Tsis txhob ntshai mus txiav tawm qhov tshaj - tsuas yog tshaj plaws mus rau ntshai yog ntev thickening ntawm foliage.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Kua Spartan hom yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm tib cov kab mob raws li lwm yam ntau yam, tab sis, los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm Canadian breeders, Spartan tswj kom nws ntau resistant rau scab thiab powdery mildew. Ntawm no peb tau luv luv xav txog cov kab mob tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov ntoo hauv av, thiab cov hau kev los tiv thaiv lawv.
- Scab. Qhov no yog feem ntau mob fungal kab mob ntawm tag nrho cov kua ntau yam. Nws tshwm sim nws tus kheej ua dub dots ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog hais tias cov ntsiab lus me me thiab tsawg, ces cov txiv apples tsis poob lawv saj thiab tseem ceeb qualities.
- Mealy dew. Spartan yog cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob no heev tsis tshua muaj. Nws tshwm sim nws tus kheej ua paj dawb rau ntau yam ntawm tsob ntoo. Thaum xub thawj, nws yog yooj yim rubbed tawm, ces coarsens thiab hloov xim av. Cov nplooj qhuav, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog them nrog dots. Tom qab kev kho mob nrog ib hom tshuaj tshwj xeeb (piv txwv tias, "Topaz"), tus kab mob no yuav daws tau.
- Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Rot. Lub npe hais lus rau nws tus kheej - lub apples yog rotting. Pab "Skor", "Chorus" thiab "Fundazol", sib nrauj raws li cov lus qhia.
- Cytosporosis. Zoo li txhua leej txhua tus, yog ib hom kab mob hu ua fungal. Thaum tus kab mob no tshwm sim, cov tawv ntoo pib plhis thiab qhuav. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev siv cov tshuaj "Tsev" los yog "Fundazol."
- Ua ntej txau cov nroj tsuag, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo nyeem cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus kab mob no tsis yog sib xyaw, cov ntsiab lus pib ntxaum thiab ntau dua, yog li yuav tsum vov feem ntau ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ua rau nws unfit rau tib neeg noj. Nws yog zoo dua mus tua ua ntej ntawm scab - yog thiab timely watering, pub, pruning yuav pab tiv thaiv tus kab mob no. Txawm li cas los xij, yog hais tias tus kab mob tau raug ntaus tsob ntoo, lawv raug kho nrog ib txoj hlua nrog tshwj xeeb npaj (piv txwv, Chorus los yog Skor).
Ua kom tiav, peb tuaj yeem ua tau zoo hais tias Spartan ntau yam ua tau zoo tshaj plaws saj, yog ib qho yooj yim mus cog thiab muaj kev lag luam zoo. Nrog tu, txhua txhua xyoo koj yuav tua ib tug high-zoo thiab siab zoo sau ntawm zoo heev apples.
