Cherry yog ib qho khoom noj khoom haus zoo tshaj plaws uas pab txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv.
Cherry yog noj tshiab, qhuav thiab nyob kas poom. Jam, jam, compotes, syrups, rho, txiv hmab txiv ntoo liqueurs, wines thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo dej yog tsim los ntawm nws.
Cherry Cov Hluas yog heev ntau vim nws tawm los thiab muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam, kev txheeb xyuas ntawm gardeners, duab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tsob ntoo nws tus kheej hauv tsab xov xwm.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Tsawg tus neeg paub hais tias qhov no ntau yam tau txais nyob rau hauv All-Lavxias teb sab xaiv thiab Technological lub koom haum ntawm Horticulture thiab Nursery H.D. Enikeevnrog rau kev koom tes ntawm S.N. Satarova.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry tau txais raws li ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm kev hla ntawm ntau yam xws li Lyubskaya thiab Vladimirskaya.
Ntau yam tau txais hauv cov ntawv sau tseg hauv lub xeev tau nkag rau hauv 1993 hauv Central Region.
Rau tib thaj av, ntau yam xws li Yenikeev Memorial, Zhivitsa, Turgenevka twb bred.
Tsos
Xav txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim ntawm Cherry thiab nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tsob Ntoo
Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry ntoo muaj tsis heev siab, feem ntau medium los yog tsawg, tej zaum kuj muaj ntau yam ntawm bushes, lawv muaj yuav luag ib puag ncig, me ntsis downward zoo.
Cherry bushes yog ib tug txawv txawv pom, tab sis lawv dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis muaj zuj zus tshaj ib tsob ntoo siab nrog ib tug voluminous crown. Ib Bush tau muab mus txog 12 kg ntawm Berry sau rau ib lub caij. Yog hais tias peb tham txog qhov nruab nrab tawm los ntawm no Cherry, ces qhov no 10-11 kg.
Kev qov zoo kuj yuav khwv tau Lebedyanskaya, Qho khoom ua si thiab Chocolate.
Qhuav creepy caij nplooj ntoos hlav winds tsis txaus ntshai rau no Cherry, nyob rau hauv kev, buds, lawv yuav tsis ua mob nws flowering, tab sis tsob ntoo nws tus kheej yog es tsis muaj zog. Cov nplooj ntawm cov hluas muaj ib tug nplua nuj lub teeb ntsuab xim thiab ribbed sawv.
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov siab yog 2.5 meters, nws tsis siab heev, thiab nws tseem tsis tau nce ib tsob ntoo vim tias nws so yooj yim heev.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Tam sim no cia peb tham txog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo no. Mus saj Sweet thiab qaub berries, muaj ntau ntawm pulp thiab ib pob txha nruab nrab ntawm cov xim beige, uas yog yooj yim sib cais hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripe.
Berries cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry yog siv los npaj cov khoom noj sib txawv, raws li nws muaj ntau tsos tshaj li cov kua qaub. Morozovka, Podbelskaya thiab Dessert Morozova yog tseem dessert ntau yam.
Cov xim ntawm zoo ripened Cherry yog maroon, tus duab yog me ntsis oblong. Ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav txog 4.5 g.
Fruiting tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los los yog bouquet ceg.
Tsis tas li ntawd los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas ua jam, jams, juices thiab lwm yam kev txuag. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob nco lub fact tias cov cherries tso tsheb thauj mus los zoo, txij li thaum lawv cov nqaij yog heev tuab.
Khoom noj khoom haus ntau tsis pom zoo, tab sis cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry ntau yam yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws hnub no, tom qab ntawd daim duab thiab piav qhia ntawm tag nrho cov nta.
Diam duab
Yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam
Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry paub zoo heev fruiting. Ripen berries pib thaum xaus ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj. Kev ua haujlwm tsis meej pem ntawm cov hluas tuaj yeem raug hu ua qhov ntawd tsob ntoo yog heev resistant rau fungal kab mob.
Feem ntau, cherries raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob xws li coccomycosis thiab moniliasis, tab sis, yog tias koj loj hlob hluas, qhov teeb meem no yuav tsis yooj yim rau thab koj.
Resistant coccomycosis thiab ntau yam xws li Vyanok, Ural Ruby thiab Novella.
Qhov feem ntau susceptible rau tej yam kab mob cherry nyob rau hauv ib tug sov so ntub dej lub sij hawm. Ntoo ua yog tseem tsim nyog, yog li koj tag nrho tiv thaiv nws los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm fungus.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas Cherry - tus kheej-fruitedi.e. pollinating ntoo nyob rau hauv lub zej zog nws tsis xav tau. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj pom tias huab cua tsis ua rau muv pollinating paj, kev ntxhov siab yog nyob rau hauv vain.
Volochaevka, Lighthouse thiab tib lub hnub muaj peev xwm tseem khav rau nws tus kheej fertility.
Tus sau yuav zoo thiab siab davTias yog vim li cas cov tub ntxhais hluas raug suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau ntseeg tau cherries.
Molodezhnaya tsis muaj qee xyoo nyob rau hauv uas nws Dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo, thiab cov neeg nyob rau hauv uas muaj tsawg kawg yog ob peb txiv hmab txiv ntoo, no tsob ntoo pleases nrog loj muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv loj loj txhua xyoo.
Rau ntau yam no yog yam ntxwv precociousnesstwb tau nyob rau hauv plaub mus txog tsib xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob, Cherry pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tsis tas li ntawd tsob ntoo yog qhia tsis kam mus rau lub caij ntuj no txias thiab Frost, ntau dryness nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov.
Qhov no Cherry yog feem ntau siv raws li ib tug pollinator rau yav tom ntej ntau yam.
Koj tuaj yeem ntsib cov hluas nyob rau hauv Central cheeb tsam ntawm Russia, Ukraine, Belarus.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Cherry Cov Hluas thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau saib xyuas, tab sis lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los ntawm qhov tseeb cog, qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm.
Tsaws
Yuav kom muab cov hluas, koj xav tau heev ua tib zoo xaiv qhov chaw mus rau thaj av.
Ntxiv fruiting ntawm tsob ntoo nyob ntawm no.
Xws li ib qho chaw yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsis zoo ventilated, thiab koj yuav tsis cog cov hluas nyob rau hauv lub tiaj tiaj.
Lub sijhawm zoo rau cog cov hluas caij nplooj ntoo hlav
Cog cherries yog tsim nyog nyob rau nce qib, nyob ze rau hauv av, raws li nws yuav tsum tau ntau ntawm noo noo rau kev loj hlob.
Av yuav tsum weakly alkaline Sandy loam, thiab yog tias tsis muaj lub sijhawm no, nruab nrab yuav uaAv acidity txhais tau tias ntau heev.
Lub tsev tsaws yuav tsum zoo, thiab saib xyuas qhov no.
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua kom ib lub vaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov ntoo yuav tsum cog rau ntawm qhov tsawg ntawm peb meters ntawm ib qho.
Peb mus ncaj nraim mus rau txheej txheem. Yuav tsum khawb qhov pit 40 cm sib sib zog nqus thiab 80 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Ua ntej xa ib tug hluas nroj tsuag mus rau qhov no aub tsiv, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ncuav fertilizer nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm manure thiab nitrogen thiaj li hais tias Cherry ntes on. Yog tias thaum lub sij hawm cog koj pom tias qee cov hauv paus kev ua puas raug puas lawm, koj yuav tsum tua lawv.
Tom qab tsob ntoo tau cog rau puag ncig nws koj yuav tsum tau ua lub qhov, uas yuav tsum tau sau nrog chiv quav los yog, piv txwv li, sawdust.
Qhov no yog ua kom cov av khaws cov dej noo uas cov hluas xav tau ntev tshaj.
Yog hais tias koj cog cov 2-xyoo-laus seedlings, nws yog pom zoo kom prune tam sim ntawd. Thawj qhov koj yuav tsum tau tshem ntawm cov tua uas tawm los ntawm cov ceg ntawm ib txoj cai kaum.
Tom qab ntawd, kos lub npe hu ua cherry pob txha - peb ceg, uas koj xav txiav txhua tus tua. Qhov kos tshwj xeeb yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav cov ceg ntoo uas tuaj ntawm 90 degree ntawm lub pob tw.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov hluas txhua txhua xyoo nws xav tau pub nrog nitrogen chiv, qhov loj dua tsob ntoo, qhov ntau fertilizer yog yuav tsum tau.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg lub caij nws tseem yog xav tau kom pub rau tsob ntoo, npaj nws rau lub caij ntuj no nrog potash thiab phosphate fertilizer. Yog tias ua tau, fertilize cov av nrog manure.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas, raws li tau hais tseg, Nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau dej kom loj hlob.
Yog li ntawd, txawm tias koj cog nws nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw uas av dej ntws nyob ze, ib zaug ntxiv hliv cov hluas tsis ua mob li thiab yuav tsuas pab tau fruiting ntoo.
Seedling ptxiv qaub rau thawj 4-5 xyoos, nws yuav ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau tsob ntoo.
Ib tug me me rho tawm ntawm cov ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog sai overgrowth Cov ceg ntoo tshiab tshwm sim ib qho tom qab, yog li koj xav tau kom tshem tawm ntawm lawv, ces tsuas yog qhov loj xwb.
Kev kho mob
Xwb nws yog thiab txawm tias koj tsob ntoo yuav loj hlob tuaj, nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv fertilizing ntxiv cov av fertilization thaum cog thiab ntxiv txog cov ntxhuav dobrov - qhov no yog dab tsi yuav muab rau cov hluas nrog fruiting zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov kab tsuag.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas hlub noo noo, tsis txhob ntshai mus ncuav dej, tsis txhob ntog nws. Yuav kom khaws cov av ntau dua noo noo, muab av nplaum los yog me me cib ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw.
Qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab pheej yig los muab cov cherry nrog ib qho txaus txaus ntawm ya raws thaum tsis heev dej tshuaj.
Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom cia cov av qhuav, yog tias tsis muaj los nag rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, ces nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npaj cov khoom cua lim.
Cherry cov tub ntxhais hluas ntau yam yuav tsum tau ntau xim thiab sov so. Nyob ze ntawm nws koj yuav tsum tsis cog ntau lwm yam ntoo, tsuas yog rau lawv cov pollination. Qhov chaw uas cov menyuam yaus loj hlob tuaj yuav tsum zoo.
Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua txhua txhua xyoo, vim pruning muab zoo fruiting ntawm tsob ntoo. Tau tshem ntawm ntev ceg ntev, tawm hauv ntxhib thiab muaj zog.
Feem ntau cov gardeners yog ntawm lub tswv yim hais tias ceg yuav tsum tau shortened mus rau ib lub crown ntawm lub cheeb ntawm 2-2.5 m Yuav kom ua pruning, koj tsis tas yuav tsum yog ib tug neeg ua teb kev, nws yog txaus los noj lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov teeb meem no.
Sab qaum ib sab ntawm tus cherry yuav tsum tau txiav txog 50 cm ib xyoos twg (qhov no yog ib tsob ntoo tshaj 4-5 xyoos).
Thaum pruning, shape tsob ntoo thiaj li hais tias nws yog ces yooj yim rau sau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ua chav rau lub stepladder.
Koj tseem yuav tsum tau nqa tawm kev laus cov pob txha, uas yog, tshem ntawm qub ceg thiab tua.
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, cov hluas yog heev resistant mus txias thiab cua, tab sis cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo yuav tsum tau ntxiv tiv thaiv rau lub caij ntuj no.
Lub caij ntuj no-Hardy ntau yam yog Zhukovskaya, Morozovka thiab Novella.
Thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov, peb tiv thaiv lub cherries los ntawm nas, uas tsis averse noj lub hauv paus ntawm Cherry nyob rau hauv lub caij txias.
Yuav kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau hauv paus system, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npog cov ntoo nyob rau hauv qab, los yog mus teem ib tug dormitory kom nws tsis tuaj yeem hu.
Thawj txoj kev yog qhov tseem ceeb dua, txij li ntau rau cov ntoo hauv lub pas dej tau tsa los ua ntev heev, kom muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv, lub hauv paus yog npog nrog moss.
Peb pom zoo kom saib cov yees duab txog qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Cov tub ntxhais hluas tsis tuaj yeem ua rau fungal kab mobuas yog prone rau yuav luag tag nrho lwm yam ntau yam ntawm cherries uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv peb cheeb tsam. Tab sis tseem muaj qee qhov kev piam sij rau hom lws suav.
Ib ntawm cov kab mob phem tshaj plaws rau cov Hluas yog monilioz Qhov kab mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab zuj zus tuaj ziab ntawm cov ceg ntoo chiv, tsob ntoo yuav yog ib nrab los yog tag nrho cuam tshuam.
Yog tias koj pom tias koj tus hluas nkauj Cherry muaj mob moniliosis, thawj zaug tau txiav tawm cov kab mob uas muaj kab mob (ntxiv rau 15-20 cm ntawm cov ntoo uas muaj kev noj qab haus huv).
Pruned ceg yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg kom tsis txhob kis tau tus kab mob ntawm lwm cov ntoo thiab nroj tsuag.
Muaj kuj muaj xws li ib tug kab mob ntawm Cherry ntoo raws li monilial hlawv. Tau tshem ntawm nws yog tsis yooj yim. Monilial hlawv, feem ntau tshwm thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm.
Tib txoj kev tawm yog los nphoo ntoo nrog ib qho kev tov tshwj xeeb.
Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv qhov tseeb qhov tseeb hais tias xws li ib tug kab mob yog kis sai sai, yog li ua tib zoo xyuas cov ntoo uas loj hlob tom ntej no mus cherry.
Yellowing ntawm cherry nplooj kuj tsis yog kos npe rau ntawm ib tug noj qab haus huv tsob ntoo. Qhov feem ntau ua rau yellowing nplooj ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas yog ib tug tsis muaj nitrogen.
Cov nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo uas muaj kab mob hloov xim sai sai, feem ntau nws ncav lub liab plab, tom qab uas cov nplooj poob. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug teeb meem, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los noj cov ntoo nrog nitrogen.
Nyob rau hauv lub cultivation ntawm cov hluas muaj tsis muaj teeb meem kev. Mus kom ze rau kev lag luam nrog lub luag hauj lwm thiab tsis ntev koj yuav muaj lub qab cherry jam, as Well as lub sijhawm los nyiam noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab.
