Sau thiab lub caij ntuj no-Hardy pear ntau yam "Hera": hauj lwm thiab yees duab

Lub pear, tsis zoo li lub tsob ntoo kua, tsuas yog tsis ntev los no tsis yog thiaj li nrov. Yog vim li cas yog qhov tsawg Frost tsis kam ntawm no kab lis kev cai.

Tab sis tshaj li lub sij hawm, tshiab ntau yam yeej tau sau cov kis no. Qhov ntau "Hera" yog ib tug tshiab brainchild ntawm Lavxias teb sab breeders.

Zoo li cas?

Ntau yam khoom muaj nqis rau lub caij ntuj no saib, tag nrho ripeness ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tau tiav tom qab ob xyoos ib nrab ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Siab tawm los thiab heev resistant rau Frost. Tsob ntoo ntawm nruab nrab qhov siab, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb.

Lub caij ntuj no tseem muaj xws li Lub Ib Hlis, Chudesnitsa, Bere Russkaya, thiab Fairy.

Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av

"Hera" tshuav nws cov tsos rau ob niam txiv ntau yam "Reale Turin"thiab"Daughter of Dawn".

Muaj ntau yam tau txais los ntawm All-Lavxias Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Noob Hlis thiab Kev Yug Me Nyuam ntawm Nroj Tsuag nroj tsuag uas muaj npe tom qab Michurin, nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov sau ntawv xws li S.P. Yakovlev, A.P. Gribanovsky, N. Saviag thiab M.Yu. Akimov.

Tshaj tawm hauv Lub Xeev Sau ntawm Central Black Earth cheeb tsam.

Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no, xws li ntau yam ua zoo: Duschess, Rossoshanskaya khoom noj qab zib, Muscovite thiab Cosmic.

Pear "Hera": kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab cov duab

Qhov siab qhov nruab nrab ntoo tau zoo me ntsis crown, nqaim-pyramidal duab. Fruiting tov, raws li on txhua xyoo twigs, thiab on perennial.

Tua ncaj, nruab nrab thickness, yam ntxwv xim av xim, tsis muaj hairiness. Chechevichek nyob rau hauv pob tw me ntsis. Txiav buds tightly nias rau lub pob tw, muaj ib tug sib npaug puab thiab medium loj. Cov nplooj yog curved, tsaus ntsuab, me ntsis oval-puab.

Qhov ntev ntawm nplooj ntoos phaj yog nruab nrab, muaj cov me me hauv qab ntug, thaum kawg muaj ib qho kev me me. Qhov saum npoo ntawm daim ntawv yog ci iab thiab tus. Tus petiole yog nruab nrab ntawm qhov ntev thiab tuab.

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov qib kawm suav hais tias yog loj. Lawv qhov nruab nrab phaus li ntawm 180 g rau 250 g. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm daim ntawv tseeb, du thiab dav-pear. Cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ntxhib, me ntsis qhuav thiab muaj ib qho thickness average.

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj yuav khav tau Krasnobokaya, Elena, Victoria thiab Lel.

Cov xim yog tov, ntsuab yog lub ntsiab xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhov ntxoov ntxoo yog liab, muaj ib qho ntawm lub tsho. Peduncle oblique, me me.

Lub funnel yog me me los yog yuav luag tsis tau. Lub khob ntawm pear yog qhib, lub saucer tsis poob, qhov loj ntawm saucer yog medium. Lub plawv me me, hloov puab. Xim av muaj nyob hauv cov noob qoob loo.

Siab siab ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm qib no nplua-grained, muaj ib tug ntxoov ntxoo. Cov qauv yog granular thiab oily. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo saj qab zib thiab qaub, nrog ib theem siab ntawm kua txiv nrog ib lub teeb aroma. Rau ntawm tsib-teev teev, tus Hera pear yog rated ntawm 4.3 ntsiab lus.

Ntau pears "Hera" piav qhia txog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg:

Yog xav paub ntxiv txog ntau yam thiab pom tus pears "Hera" yuav ua tau rau hauv daim duab hauv qab no:

Yam ntxwv

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo tuaj yeem ua tau tawm ntawm lub lim tiam thib peb ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Tshaj thiab ua tiav pear "Hera" pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo 4-5 xyoo yuav tsaws.

TXWV TSEEM CEEB: Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm kom zoo cia tsis poob lawv cov coj mus muag zoo txog li 160 hnub.

Qhov ntau yam yog qhov sib txawv zoo yields thiab yuav luag tiv thaiv kom Frost. Nyob rau hauv kev sim kev kho mob ntawm kev tsim freezing, ntau yam withstood lub kub ntawm -38 ° C. Kev puas tsuaj me ntsis txog li 1.8 cov ntsiab lus tau pom ntawm cov ceg txhua xyoo.

Cov high yields yog qhia los ntawm cov nram qab no ntau yam: Bere Bosk, Cathedral, Noyabrskaya thiab Elegant Efimova.

Self-fertility nyob rau hauv "Gera" yog heev tsawg. Rau ib tug tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub site yuav tsum tau muaj lwm yam ntau ntawm pear rau pollination.

Tab sis yog tias koj ua ob los yog peb lub nrig ntawm lwm yam ntau yam rau ib tsob ntoo, ces nws muaj peev xwm ua tau yooj yim ua tsis muaj tus neeg sab nrauv pollinators.

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev kawm ntawm lub demanding ntawm cov av mus rau tej yam kev mob thiab dej ntau yam yog tau sim.

Kev cog thiab kev kho mob

Nyob rau hauv Russia, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nrog ib tug huab cua sov, nws yog customary cog ib tug pear. nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg. Ib qho chaw cog yuav tsum tau xaiv heev kom zoo, muab hais tias pear yog ib tug siab siab tsob ntoo.

Qhov deb ntawm lub laj kab, cov tuam tsev los yog lwm cov ntoo yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj peb meters thiab ntau dua qub.

TSEEM CEEB: Cov tub ntxhais hluas pear seedlings tsis ciaj sia zoo thiab loj hlob qeeb rau thawj ob xyoos. Qhov no yog ib qho tsim nyog ntawm ib qho kev ua tsis zoo.

Kev tsaws tsoo yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg ib lub 'meter' tob thiab txog 80 cm inchyuav ua tau ntau dua. Yog hais tias lub site yog yeej los ntawm Sandy av, ces nws tov nrog humus thiab 2-3 thoob ntawm peat. Zoo tshaj plaws pear hlob on loam nrog ntxiv ntawm dub av.

Nws yog txoj kev cai uas npaj lub qhov poob rau ib lub lim piam ua ntej lub sij hawm npaj tsaws. Nws yuav tsum tau ua humus thiab coarse xuab zeb nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag, txog ob lub thoob, thiab peb dia. l poov tshuaj sulfate.

Cov chiv kom sib tov zoo nrog cov av kom rov qab thiab ncuav ob lub thoob dej. Tom qab 6-7 hnub, qhov aub tsiv yog npaj txhij rau cog ib tsob ntoo me.

Thawj lub hlis tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau ywg dej kom zoo kom txog rau thaum nws muaj siab txaus. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo, tus pear xav tau ib tug competent pruning ntawm Upper tier.

Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, pear ntau "Hera" tsis tas yuav tsum tau watering, raws li nws cov hauv paus hniav muaj peev xwm ntawm extracting noo noo zoo los ntawm hauv av. Qhov tsuas yog kev zam lub caij nyoog ntawm lub caij nyoog drought. Muaj ntau dua dej yuav tsum yog peb lub sij hawm thaum lub caij ntuj sov, ua ntej flowering, thaum lub sij hawm ovary ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab Autumn nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj.

TXWV TSEEM CEEB: Pear "Hera" tsis yog li ntau nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm trimming, zoo li lwm yam ntau yam. Lub tsim ntawm nws crown tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas ntuj thiab xav tau tsuas yog me me kev hloov.

Pear pruning yog ua raws li hauv qab no:

1. Thinning hnyav thickened ceg rau tag nrho tshav ntuj nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ceg.
2. Thiaj li rau tsob ntoo tsis txhob hnyav ncawv, nws lub cev yuav raug txiav mus rau ib lub quarter.
3. Cov chaw txiav tawm yuav tsum raug kho nrog lub cuab tam tshwj xeeb.
4. Tag nrho cov kab mob qhuav los yog qhuav yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, zoo li cov neeg loj hlob ntawm txoj cai kaum.
5. Qhov txiav yuav tsum yog nyob rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov ceg, tsis tas yuav tawm hauv lub nraub qaum.

Txij li thaum "Hera" yog ib hom kabmob txias heev, Nws tsis tas yuav muaj vaj tse loj heev rau lub caij ntuj no. Tsuas yog cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.

Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm huab cua txias, lawv yog showered nrog spruce ceg thiab snow. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no txaus. Mature ntoo yuav tsum tau them nrog daus nyob rau thaj tsam ncig ntawm lub voj voog ntoo.

Lub caij ntuj no-tsis tshua muaj xws li: Rogneda, Svetlyanka, Sverdlovchanka thiab Samara Kev Zoo Nkauj.

Kab mob thiab kab tsuag

"Hera" muaj zoo tsis kam mus rau xws li cov kab mobraws li //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, septoriosis thiab antomosporiosis. Tab sis cov no tsis yog txhua yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsob ntoo pear.

1. Kabmob dub Thaum twg muaj ib tug yeej ntawm nplooj, ceg, crowns thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
2. Monilioz. Pear txiv hmab txiv ntoo rot rau xis nyob rau ceg.
3. Kab mob hlawv. Tus swb ntawm tsob ntoo, ua rau nws tuag.
4. Cytosporosis. Thaum tus kab mob no liab liab lawm, qhov tawv tawv tuaj.
5. Mealy dew. Manifested nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm dawb Bloom ntawm tua thiab nplooj.
6. Xeb. Ua rau dhau los ntog nplooj ntoos thaum ntxov.
7. Milky ci. Nws cuam tshuam feem ntau yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tuag tawm txoj cai ntawm ceg.

Kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb tshaj rau cov kab xaw nyob rau hauv ntau yam tau raug txheeb xyuas. Ib tug pear yog ntaus tsis tsuas yog los ntawm cov kab mob, tab sis kuj los ntawm pests nyob rau ntawm ib tsob ntoo.

1. Me npauj npaim. Lub caterpillars ntawm no parasite kis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm pear.
2. Ntsuab aphid. Puas tsuaj lub nplooj thiab txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm soot fungus.
3. Listoblashka. Txawj ntshai heev, nce mus txog kev puas tsuaj, txhua qhov ntawm tsob ntoo.
4. Sau npe. Xaiv cov vaj tse ntawm nplooj, folding lawv mus rau hauv ib lub raj.
5. Pear mite Rub cov kua ntoo los ntawm nplooj ntoo ua rau lub cev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo.

Cov kev ntsuas nram qab no yog coj los tawm tsam cov kab mob hauv cov ntoo thiab ua kom cov cab:

• Caij nplooj ntoos zeeg tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg yog muab tshem tawm thiab hlawv, vim nws yog rau nws hais tias yuav luag tag nrho cov cab thiab kab mob ntawm tus kab mob overwinter.
• Autumn processing ntoo nrog txiv qaub yuav tiv thaiv tawm tsam pests hibernating on bark.
• Yuav tsum kuaj xyuas ntawm tsob ntoo thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho, pib nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab xaus nyob rau hauv lig Autumn.
• Cov kev kho mob ntawm lub voj voog ntawm lub pob tw ntawm ib tug daws kho thiab meej digging.

Thaum me ntsis kom paub tias tus kab mob no yuav txuag txuam nrog rau tus kab mob los yog kab tua kab. Rau kev tiv thaiv, koj muaj peev xwm kho tus ntoo nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg nrog insecticides.

Pear "Hera" zoo rau nws unpretentiousness rau kub thiab compact crown. Nrog tu, nws yuav zoo siab nrog nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo kawg li tsis yog ib tiam.