Nyob rau hauv lub npe (los ntawm Greek Pafia - ib qho ntawm cov npe ntawm tus vajtswv poj niam Venus thiab lub pedilon - slipper, khau khiab), qhia qhov txawv ntawm lub di ncauj, zoo li ib lub khau.
Lub Orchid Bashmachk yog ib lub noob qoob loo, nroj tsuag tsawg zuj zus nrog ib lub voj voog ntev heev, txij thaum thawj xyoo ntawm nws lub neej dhau mus hauv av, thiab flowering yuav pom tsuas yog hauv lub xyoo 18th.
Kev cog lus cog
Cov no yog cov thab plaub lossis ib nrab ntawm epiphypitic. nroj tsuag nrog qis qis qis thiab rosette ntawm double-row linear los yog oblong leathery nplooj. Cov pob zeb loj yog cov loj dua li lwm tus, ob sab ntawm cov laus loj hlob mus rau hauv ib qho me me, qhia ncaj nraim. Cov nplaum los ntawm horizontally los yog obliquely down. Daim di ncauj yog cov loj loj, ua ke, nrog ob qho tib si qhia, sab cov nplaim sab nraud. Ib sab sab nraud nrog lub plhaub taum plawv, cov duab uas feem ntau yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm hom tsiaj.
Keeb kwm ntawm
Rau thawj thawj zaug ntawm no genus ntawm orchids kawm thiab piav los ntawm lus Askiv botanist John Lindley nyob rau hauv 1737.
Tam sim no, Orchid genus, tus Slipper muaj ntau tshaj 70 hom tsiaj thiab 1,500 interspecific hybrids ntawm epiphytic, semi-epiphytic thiab terrestrial orchids nyob rau sab Asia.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov tsiaj muaj npe sawv cev ntawm tus ciam teb sab South Tuam Tshoj thiab North Vietnam. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv lub Far East, nws yog heev tsawg kom nrhiav tau ib tug slipper orchid nyob rau hauv cov qus.
Breeders tau coj ntau ntawm tshiab paj hybrids orchids slipperuas yog zus, uas tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem.
Qhov txawv ntawm lwm hom
Nkawm khau, tsis zoo li Phalaenopsis, tsis yog txhua yam loj hlob tuaj; lawv muaj peev xwm txheeb cov lithophytes txuas rau pob zeb thiab pob zeb, thiab rau cov neeg uas nyob hauv av, uas nws cov hauv paus hniav raus hauv lub txheej hav zoov ntau dua.
Qhov loj ntau yam nrog duab
Qhov ntau hom thiab hom:
Harris
Artificially bred hybrid, uas yog tsuas yog siv rau teb lub hom phiaj, significantly expands thiab decorates tej cheeb tsam. Vim li no, nws hu ua vaj txiv hmab orchid. Nws muaj ib qho kev txawv txav uas tsa tus kab sib chaws. Cov nplooj yog feem ntau lub teeb ntsuab, lub paj lawv tus kheej yuav sib sib zog nqus ntshav thiab daj nrog ntsuab leeg.
Pafiopedilum darling
Twb raug xa mus rau peb txoj kev tuaj yeem hauv Thaib teb, me me loj thiab luj dawb. Cov paj feem ntau me, me me, tab sis cov nplaum yog loj thiab dav.
Pob tawb
Ntau ntau, uas tshwm nyob hauv Tebchaws Europe rov qab rau xyoo 1885, thiab qhov chaw yug me nyuam yaus yog vam meej. Flowering tsuas yog hais txog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub sij hawm. Qhov sib txawv no txawv ntawm lwm yam paj loj. Lub ntsiab xim yog xiav-ntsuab.
Hluav Taws
Qhov ntau yam tuaj rau cov teb chaws Europe los ntawm kev deb tshaj tawm Is Nrias teb los ntawm nws cov me me loj thiab vertically ncua xim. Lub sij hawm flowering yog nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov.
Sukhakula
Teb hom av los ntawm Thaib teb. Nws nyiam ua kev nyab xeeb ntawm huab cua thiab nws yog qhov txawv ntawm cov paj loj uas tuaj yeem ncav 14 centimeters hauv kab taub.
Rothschild
Lub orchid twb muaj npe tom qab Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild, ib tug hlub ntawm orchids thiab neeg sib tw ntawm teb hauv Borneo.
Flowering
Txawm hais tias cov nplooj ntawm "marble" saib yog zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej txoj kev, tab sis flowering yog raws nraim li cas orchids yog cog on.
Dab tsi yog nws?
Orchid Venerin slipper yog muab faib ua:
- Monotonous los yog tus qauv.
- Nrog rau ob peb xim.
- Loj-flowered, nrog ib lub cheeb kom txog li 18 cm.
- "Phom me". Ib qho nthuav hom ntawm flowering, thaum ib tug tawg blooms los hloov lwm yam nyob rau tib pob tw. Paj tau ua rau peb lub kaum os.
Tsuas yog loj, zoo-tsim nyob tawg. Feem ntau cov tsos ntawm lub peduncle yog preceded los ntawm ib tug shortened "nres daim ntawv teev." Txawm hais tias txhua qhov hluav taws xob tawg paj ib zaug xwb, Orchid Khau tau ua kom tag nrho lwm cov orchids rau lub sijhawm. Txhua lub paj ntawm ib lub hlis mus rau plaub.
Sumatran Paphiopedilum Chamberlainianum pleases tag nrho ob xyoos, qhib paj ib los ntawm ib. Classic flowering lub hnub - los ntawm kaum ib hlis mus rau lub peb hlis ntuj. Colorful Bloom nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, thiab lawv cov lug txhawb cov miv - ze zog rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Txawm li cas los, lub hybrids ntawm tiam niaj hnub tuaj bloom cia, thaum nws suits lawv, thiab txawm tsis ib xyoos ib zaug.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias nws tsis tawg?
Qee cov lag luam muaj tiag xav txog yuav ua li cas ua ib lub vaj zaub ntsuab orchid blooming. Hauv tsev neeg qhov chaw, "stimulation drought" yuav yog qhov zoo dua. Qhov no yog ua kom cov kev sib hloov ntawm cov dej (hauv cov huab cua qhuav). Piv txwv yog hais tias pre-dej yog nqa tawm txhua 3-4 hnub, tam sim no nws yuav tsum tau ua nrog ib zaus ib zaug txhua txhua 7-8 hnub thiab tsawg dua. Koj kuj tsis tas yuav tsuag tsuag. Rov qab mus rau yav dhau los txoj kev ntawm dej yuav nrog tau lub advent ntawm lub paj ntev.
Kev saib xyuas hauv tsev
Zoo nkaus li txhua tus txiv kab ntxwv, Slipper yog ib qho xav tau heev, cov nroj tsuag capricious uas yuav tsum tau ntau xim thiab kev saib xyuas.
Xaiv qhov chaw
Orchid Slipper zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais ntawm sab qaum teb, sab hnub tuaj los yog sab hnub poob. Nyob rau sab qab teb qhov rai lub paj yuav tsum shaded. Ntawm qhov tod tes, khaws cia orchids sab nraum lub qhov rai kuj tsis pom zoo. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los taws lawv ntawm 10 mus rau 12 teev ib hnub twg.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias nplooj ua reddish, lub teeb ua mob siab heev, lub nroj tsuag yuav tsum ntxoov ntxoo.
Av npaj
Koj tuaj yeem tau yuav tau npaj txhij-ua substrate lossis npaj nws tus kheej.
Rau qhov koj yuav tsum tau:
- 5 pieces ntawm crushed Pine bark;
- 1 ntu roj nplais;
- 0.5 feem ntawm dolomite hmoov thiab perlite;
- 1 feem peat.
Yog hais tias cov av retains noo noo zoo, nws yog pom zoo kom tshem tawm peat. los ntawm xws li ib tug sib tov. Feem ntau lub substrate yog siv siv Pine bark, tws fern keeb kwm, sphagnum thiab charcoal.
Kub
Slipper yuav xa mus rau ob leeg frost-resistant thiab heat-loving nroj tsuag, nyob ntawm seb ntau yam. Hom kab-kub-hlub yog hu ua Callus thiab Suhakula, thiab Nice yog cov kabmob ntau-resistant. Tag nrho cov variegated ntau yam yog thermophilic. Tseem yuav tsum tau sov ntau yam thiab hybrids nrog sib npaug loj paj. Rau lawv, qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum nyob li ntawm + 23 + 28 C thaum lub caij ntuj sov thiab ntawm +18 mus + 23 C thaum caij ntuj no.
Cov kab mob khaub thuas uas muaj cov kab mob uas muaj cov tsau tsaus nti thiab yuav tsum tau kub ib ncig + 18 + 22 ° C rau lub caij ntuj sov thiab + 16 + 19 ° C thaum caij ntuj no. Thaum twg cog qoob loo, nco ntsoov tias qhov kub ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj yuav tsum yog 3-5 degrees qis dua nruab hnub. Thaum twg qhov kub poob rau + 4 lossis qis tshaj, tus cog tuag. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, lub orchid xav tau kev pab kom tsis tu ncua tsawg kawg ib zaug ib hnub, tab sis tsis muaj ntawv sau.
Humidity
Slipper - ib lub chaw kub thiab muaj xyoob ntoo. Yog li ntawd, av noo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau nws. Nws yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 70-80%. Txau cov nroj tsuag tsis pom zoo. Kom ua kom cov av qis, koj tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab ua kom tshwj xeeb los yog muab cov nroj tsuag tso rau hauv lub thauv me me nrog ntub dej, cov av nplaum lossis cov pob tw.
Teeb pom kev zoo
Slipper - ib tug nroj tsuag heev tolerant ntawm lub teeb, tab sis tseem prefers ci thiab diffused lub teeb tsis muaj ncaj qha tshav ntuj. Hnub ci yuav tsum tsawg kawg 14 teev ib hnub twg. Qhov feem ntau xav tau ntawm cov orchids yog lub teeb thaum lub sij hawm flowering.
Watering
Qhov no nws yog ib qho dej noo heev-kev hlub los yog tsis kam ua kom qhuav ntawm lub substrate. Tab sis re-moisten cov av kuj tsis tsim nyog nws. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob kom nquag plias, dej yuav tsum tau nce, thiab tom qab flowering - txo.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias lub substrate yog ib txwm moderately ntub dej. Irrigation dej yuav tsum tau muab zom, ntxuav, muag thiab sov txaus (li 30 ° C). Watering lub nroj tsuag ntawm hauv paus yog tsis yooj yim sua. Dej yuav tsum tsis txhob poob rau ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob thiab ntawm nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Kev ywg dej kom zoo yog qhov muab nkag rau ntawm lub khob nrog rau cov substrate hauv ib lub dav saucepan nrog dej. Yog hais tias lub substrate muaj loj pieces ntawm bark, ces txoj kev no yuav siv sij hawm los ntawm 30 mus rau 50 feeb. Yog hais tias muaj me me feem ntawm bark thiab peat hauv av, ces watering yog txo mus rau 10-15 feeb.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Koj yuav tsum tau noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no, ib hlis ib zaug. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm flowering thiab active kev loj hlob, lub zaus ntawm pub nce nce mus txog 2 lub sij hawm ib hlis. Tshwj xeeb pob zeb hauv av chiv rau orchids haum rau qhov no, tab sis lawv concentration yuav tsum yog ib nrab uas pom zoo.
Slipper feem ntau suffers los ntawm tshaj ntsev nyob rau hauv cov av. Rau tsawg kawg yog me ntsis kho qhov nyiaj tshuav ntawm ntsev, koj muaj peev xwm dej rau cov nroj tsuag ib zaug nrog dej distilled. Tom qab no, tom ntej no watering nrog dej sim, koj muaj peev xwm ua kom fertilizer.
Rov qab
Slipper heev tsis zoo hloov me ntsis. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nqa tawm xws li ib tug lag luam tsuas yog hais tias cov av decomposes, tab sis tsis ntau tshaj li ib zaug txhua 2-3 xyoo, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Orchid keeb kwm loj hlob horizontally, yog li lub lauj kaub rau nws yog heev thoob plaws thiab me me. Hloov cov nroj tsuag tom qab flowering thiab yuav tau ceev faj tsis txhob puas rau hauv keeb kwm. Tom qab kev sib hloov, tsis txhob dej rau 3-4 hnub.
Xav kom meej meej li cas kom rov qab Orchid Slipper:
Yug me nyuam
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, lub paj propagates by splitting lub shrub thaum transplanting. Nrog kev sib cais no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas txhua ntu muaj tsawg kawg li peb lub chaw nrog cov hauv paus hniav. Yog hais tias koj detach ib los yog ob tug zes, lawv noj paus rau ib lub sij hawm ntev, lawv yuav tsis Bloom sai sai no. Tom qab kev sib hloov, cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings tsis watered rau 2 lub lim tiam. Qhov kub yuav tsum tsis pub dhau 20 + 22 ° C.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Slipper tej zaum yuav tawm tsam los ntawm ib tug kab laug sab mite, scythos, mealybug. Thaum me me ntawm cov qe kab thiab cov nplai muaj nyob rau ntawm nplooj, cov nroj tsuag yog ntxuav nrog lub da dej kub (45 ° C) thiab muab cov ntaub so ntub dej tawm. Yog hais tias muaj kev puas tsuaj loj, koj tuaj yeem siv tshuaj tua kab (Fitoverm lossis Aktofit).
Ib tug mealybug, zoo li ib tug kab laug sab mite, txau ntawm kua txiv orchid. Yuav kom tshem cov nroj tsuag ntawm parasites, koj yuav tau so lub nplooj nrog cawv los yog soapy dej. Yog tias qhov no tsis pab, ces kho Fitoverm lossis 0.1% ntawm Carbofos.
Feem ntau, Slipper tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam nphav raug thiab kis kab mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj lub cev xeeb tub thaum lub sij hawm sib hloov kom tsis txhob dhau lub zom av.
Cia peb cia siab tias qhov txhais tes ntawm cov paj loj loj yuav ua rau cov kev ntseeg no zoo kawg nkaus, thiab peb cov xeeb ntxwv yuav muaj lub cib fim los qhuas cov hauj lwm tshwj xeeb.
