Ntawm qhov nrov tshaj plaws lub teb chaws tsev nyob hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb greenhouses. Koj tuaj yeem siv tau rau ntau txoj hauv kev. Piv txwv li, rau cultivation ntawm paj seedlings, tshuaj ntsuab, thermophilic zaub.
Tab sis qhov hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus tsim tshua unchanged - tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag los ntawm kev hloov hauv cov kub thiab huab cua, hauv particular frosts, hnyav rains, lawg thiab lwm yam.
Iav greenhouses: qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom
Iav xaiv zoo li cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kho ntawm greenhouses ntau tshaj li tsis txhaum. Ua ntej tshaj, vim hais tias zoo kis ultravioletraws li, cov nroj tsuag dawb tau txais qhov tsim nyog npaum li cas ntawm tshav ntuj.
Muaj lwm qhov, tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb zoo dua: yog tias tsim nyog, iav yooj yim los hloov. Nws kuj yog ib qho yooj yim los mus saib xyuas qhov huv ntawm kev tsim kho: nws yog txaus los so lub ntu qee zaus nrog ib daim ntaub damp.
Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntev kev ua neej iav greenhouses. Lawv lub neej pabcuam yog suav rau xyoo.
Nws yuav zoo li qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj. Tab sis, alas, nws tsis yog deprived tsis raug. Hauv particular:
- rau teem caij greenhouses xav tau ib lub hauv paus muaj zog, txij li txhua daim ntawv ntawm iav muaj ntau ntawm qhov ceeb thawj;
- tsuas yog siv rau hauv kev tsim ntawm lub tsev. Thaum siv thav ntawv thiab iav lwm txoj hau kev, alas, tsis muaj;
- txawm zoo heev heev, iav yog tseem tus taus khoom;
- qhov tseeb hais tias lub iav yog zoo kis lub hnub lub rays yog nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ob qho tib si lub zoo dua thiab ib qho kev tsis zoo: nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, thaum kub ambient ncav tshaj 30 degrees Celsius, nws muaj peev xwm ua nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj nws tus kheej kub heevuas adversely cuam tshuam cov nroj tsuag.
Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm iav pob khoom
Nrov hnub no ob chav glazing pom lawv daim ntawv thov dav xwb tsis nyob hauv chav tsev thiab ntiav cov tsev, tab sis kuj tawm haujlwm. Hauv particular ob chav glazing rau greenhouses nthuav tawm hauv qhov kev ntaus nqi no:
- 1- thiab 2-chamber;
- kev txuag hluav taws xob;
- sov txuag;
- sib zog.
Raws li txhua qhov ob-glazed qhov rais ua ib tug xov tooj cov haujlwm tseem ceeb, xws li:
- qhov kev tsim ntawm lub suab nrov nrov ntawd;
- kev txuag ntawm tshav kub hauv chav;
- tiv thaiv tawm tsam siab thiab tsawg kub.
Cov khoom siv no yog kev xaiv zoo heev rau kev tsim kho. Cov khoom tsim tiav yog tsi ntsees los ntawm cov hauv qab no nyiaj pab:
- lub zog (piv rau ib qho yooj yim iav tsev xog paj): nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los txhawb lub zog los kho nws cov duab;
- muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau ntev kho. Tsis zoo li cov iav yooj yim, koj tsis tas yuav hloov cov kev pab them txhua txhua lub sijhawm. Tsis yog cov daus los yog loj lawg yuav tsis ua txhaum lub meej mom ntawm lub iav;
- mos diffusion ntawm hnub ci;
- esthetic, ntau meej dua ntawm kev tsim kho;
- lub tsub zuj zuj ntawm tshav kub hauv chav tsev, uas tshem tawm qhov khov ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no.
Ntxiv mus, yog tias koj nqa hauv cov teeb pom kev zoo dua ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem tsim kho vaj tse tagnrho. Thiab qhov no yog ib lub sijhawm tag nrho txhua xyoo rau kev cog cov zaub thiab lwm cov qoob loo uas koj xav tau.
Npaj ua haujlwm: xaiv ib qho chaw, hom kev tsim kho
Vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb los xaiv qhov chaw zoo rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev cog khoom? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, vim hais tias nws muaj peev xwm mus sib txuas ncaj qha los tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag ntawm sab nrauv huab cua yam ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov no.
Piv txwv, thaum xaiv ib qhov chaw, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias tsis yog cov ntoo lossis lwm yam khoom yuav pov tus duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub tsev.
Txhob xaiv qhov zoo dua nyob rau thaj av ntawm thaj av uas muaj ib qhov av thiab faus hauv av, kab tias me me hillock. Qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj cua txias, txwv tsis pub lub microclimate hauv lub tsev cog khoom yuav raug cuam tshuam.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv koj npaj yuav siv nws xyoo puag ncig, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tsim ib lub tsev nyob rau qhov twg, yog tias tsim nyog, koj muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov txheej sab saum toj ntawm cov av. Qhov no txhawb ntxiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm muaj zog drafts thiab txias, lub caij ntuj no cua.
Hais txog hom kev tsim kho, koj tuaj yeem tsim ua ke ib ntustxawm yog nyob ruaj ruaj tsev cog khoom. Qhov txawv yog nyob ntawm lub xub thawj. Rau ib ntus tsev xog paj nws yog tsis xav tau. Tab sis qhov no yuav tau saib xyuas lwm yam. Hauv particular, ntsia hlau rau cov kev txhawb zog ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig, thiab bury tus tom kawg hauv av. Qhov no yuav ua rau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tus qauv.
Rau ib lub tsev cog khoom ruaj khov, qhov sib lawv liag ntawm kev ua yuav txawv. Ua ntej tshaj, koj yuav tsum tau pw lub hauv paus los tiv thaiv cov av ntawm cov av noo, thiab xyuas kom lub zog ntawm tus qauv. Qhov kev xaiv yuav raug tso tseg rau ntawm kev siv pob zeb los ua kev sib txuas ntawm cov pob zeb, cov ntug, cov kab tuav pov tseg.
Lwm qhov taw qhia uas tseem ceeb rau kev siv nyiaj: Yog tias koj xav siv lub tsev cog khoom txhua xyoo, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nws cov haujlwm cua sovyeem illuminated thiab watering nroj tsuag.
Xaiv ib qhov project, kho cov duab kos
Los ua kom yooj yim rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev cog khoom, koj tuaj yeem siv daim duab npaj ua tiav. Yog tias tsim nyog, hloov kho los ntawm kev siv tus txheej txheem rau thaj chaw xaiv av.
Yog li ntawd, peb raug txiav txim siab nrog daim ntawv vaj tse ntawm kev tsim kho. Txoj kev no tsis siv ntau lub sij hawm, txij li cov iav tsis khoov, feem ntau, muaj qee qhov kev xaiv dua.
Piv txwv li, qhov kev txiav txim siab kom pom zoo yuav yog rectangular los yog multifaceted kev tsim kho Lub ru tsev tau ua 1 - los yog 2-pitched.
Kos ib lub tsev cog khoom tom ntej yog ib qho tseem ceeb tseem ceeb theemvim nws tso cai rau koj los laij cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv, cov nqi ntawm cov nqi.
Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi thiaj yuav pom tau hauv daim duab? Cia tus piv txwv rau lub tsev cog khoom gable. Yog hais tias koj yuav 10 x 10 cm ntoo thiab iav los ntawm cov txheem dimensions 160 × 220 cm, 4 hli tuab, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov duab ntsug yuav zoo tshaj plaws thiab yuav 0.8 m, i.e. raws nraim qhov dav ntawm daim ntawv.
Hauv qhov kev tshwm sim uas nws tau npaj los siv cov tsev cog khoom txhua xyoo tas, lub hauv paus yuav tsum raug tsa saum toj hauv av.
Tso lub hauv paus
Muaj kev txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv cov theem ua ntej qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev cog khoom, nws qhov ntev, tam sim no koj yuav tsum kos tus cim rau ntawm qhov chaw. Rau lub hom phiaj no, siv qhov yooj yim ntoo pegs thiab hlua.
Them sai sai! Los ntawm kom raug filling lub hauv paus, nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no koj yuav txuag mus txog 10% tshav kub!
- Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, peb khawb ib tug trench 40 cm tob thiab 30 cm thoob plaws.
- Peb tsaug zog nrog xuab zeb, nruj nreem peb tamp.
- Yuav kom ntxiv dag zog rau lub hauv paus tawm nteg tawm ntawm qhov chaw.
- Sau nrog pob zeb ua ke.
- Dlhos saum toj ntawm cov formwork uas siv qib. Sau cov pob zeb ua rau cov ntug loj heev, tos nws kom zoo.
- Nyob rau qib tom ntej peb thov bitumen mastic los yog vov tsev. Qhov no yuav tsim ib txheej txheem ntawm waterproofing.
- Tsom ntsoov rau qhov siab ntawm ½ cib, peb tsim cov cib ua ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm tus nplawm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev kom nco ntsoov! Siv cov polystyrene ua npuas ncauj phaj tas kom sov lub hauv paus los ntawm tag nrho cov sab.
Walling thiab vov tsev
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau tsev cog khoom muaj zog khovuas yuav txhawb nqa qhov ceeb thawj ntawm lub khob. Koj tuaj yeem siv koj qhov kev xaiv lossis tsob ntoolos yog iav. Qhov thib ib xaiv yog ntau tus phooj ywg environmentally, qhov thib ob - txhim khu kev qha.
Yog tias koj npaj siab siv ntoo thav duab, saib xyuas kom cov pas tuav nrog ib feem ntawm 10 cm. Nws zoo dua yog tias lawv ntxiv nrog cov autoclave: qhov no yuav ua rau lub neej ntawm lub qauv.
Yog hais tias nws muab tawm tias cov pas tuav koj yuav ua ntej, tab sis nws muab tawm tias lawv tsis npaj kom zoo, ua lawv antiseptic. Nyob rau theem tom ntej - npog nrog qub thiab xim lub tsho tiv no.
Cov theem ntawm kev tsim ib lub tsev xaim iav nrog ntoo thav duab
Yog li, koj yuav tsum npaj txhua lub ntsiab lus rau tsim yav tom ntej, namely: sab qaum thiab tsawg tshib, kev pabcuam thais, kaum ncej.
- Peb muab cov kab tuav (10 ntawm 10 cm) rau ntawm lub hauv paus cib kab xev, ua ntej-warmed nrog polystyrene ua npuas ncauj, securely fastened.
- Hauv 4 fab peb tuav txoj kab tuav ntsug rau kab rov tav.
- Qhov kawg txuas nrog cov kab sab tav toj.
- Peb ntsia tho kev pabcuam mus rau sab qis thiab sab saud.
Los tsim ru tsev truss system, koj yuav tsum ua cov kauj ruam nram qab no:
- Xaiv lub ntoo 10 × 5 cm rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab xev, nruab nrab risers, nruab nrab cov npe.
- Tuav nrog qhov ntev ntawm 10 × 3 cm yuav tsum raug siv los tsim ib lub qhov rooj thiab lub ru tsev lathing.
- Nyias ua rau lub rooj sib txoos ntawm cov liaj teb. Yuav ua tau rau hauv av los yog lwm qhov chaw saum npoo av.
- Nyob rau theem tom ntej peb tsa lawv mus rau tus ncej.
Siv lub nqaj nqaj hlau, peb khaws cov teb. Cov theem kawg yuav yog installation ntawm iav: Peb ua kom nrawm dhau ntawm cov ntawv siv silicone sealant thiab cov rau tes. Nrog rau lub hnab ntoo lossis lub hnab ntim roj hmab peb maj mam qhwv cov ntawv txheeb sab nraud. Nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev ntawm lub iav yog pw rau ib txheej ntawm putty. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tsiv mus nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia los ntawm qab li.
Diam duab
Koj tuaj yeem pom qhov kev xaiv rau iav greenhouses hauv daim duab hauv qab no:
Xaus
Raws li koj tau pom, rau kev tsim kho ntawm iav greenhouses tsis xav tau ntau lub sij hawm thiab kev rau siab. Cov khoom tsim yog txawv tus txheeb ze luv nqi thiab ntev kev ua neej, zoo li txaus nyiam thiab muab cov kev mob siab rau kev loj hlob rau ntau lub vaj cog qoob loo thiab nroj tsuag txhua xyoo puag ncig.
