Hmoov tsis, tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus muaj sijhawm los cog qoob loo ntau yam qoob loo hauv qhov qhib tua.
Yog hais tias koj xav cog txiv lws suav rau koj tus kheej, tab sis tsis muaj ib thaj av rau nws - lub sam thiaj yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws.
Breeders rau no hom ntawm teb tau tsim tshwj xeeb ntau yam ntawm txiv lws suav tias txhua leej txhua tus muaj peev xwm loj hlob on lawv lawj, muab nyob rau hauv cia li ib tug me ntsis kev rau siab.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv ntau yam, cog txiv lws suav thiab kev saib xyuas rau lawv - tag nrho cov no koj muaj peev xwm kawm tau los ntawm tsab xov xwm!
Nws puas muaj peev xwm cog txiv lws suav saum lub loggia?
Nws muaj peev xwm loj hlob txiv lws suav rau ntawm lub sam thiaj, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog xaiv qhov ua hauj lwm, thwj thiab maj mam nqa tawm ntawm txoj kev cog thiab muab txiv lws suav nrog tu hauv tsev txhua lub sij hawm cog qoob loo, los ntawm seedlings kom fruiting.
Pros thiab cons
Qhov loj tshaj plaws tseem ceeb ntawm loj hlob txiv lws suav rau ntawm lub lawj yog nkag tau. Tsis xav tau rau daim av, tsis tas yuav siv sijhawm rau txoj kev, mus rau hauv lub vaj.
Cov kev tsis zoo muaj xws li ib qhov chaw me me, yog li ntawd qhov ntim ntawm qhov sau qis xwb.
Npaj cov haujlwm
Qhov chaw
Qhov chaw uas nws tau npaj kom loj hlob txiv lws suav, uas yog lawj lossis loggia yuav tsum mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj lossis sab qab teb sab hnub poob. Yog hais tias lub balcony sab sab qab teb, lub seedlings yuav kub heev thiab lawv yuav tsum tau ntxoov ntxoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog hais tias lub sam thiaj nyob ntawm sab qaum teb thiab lub hnub ci yuav ncav cuag cov nroj tsuag rau tsawg tshaj peb teev ib hnub twg, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais ib qho kev sau qoob loo.
Yog xav paub ntxiv. Thaum xaiv ib qho chaw rau txiv lws suav rau ntawm lub sam thiaj, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau qhov muab rau cov phab ntsa thiab cov hlua, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas cov nroj tsuag muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cua, thiab yog hais tias lub sam thiaj yog glazed, yuav tsum tsis tu ncua.
Tshwj xeeb ntau yam thiab lawv cov duab
Tshwj xeeb ntau yam tau raug tsim los rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub sam thiaj; yog tias qhov chaw tso cai, siab xaiv tau muab khawb tau.
Zoo tag nrho rau stunted thiab dwarf ntau yam. Tag nrho cov ntau yam npaj rau lub lawj yog nws tus kheej-pollinated.
Nrov tshaj plaws
Tom ntej, qhia txog cov feem ntau nrov undersized ntau yam, zoo li qhia lawv cov duab.
Angelica
Thaum ntxov ntau yam. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen rau ntawm 80th hnub tom qab germination. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ovate nrog ib tug ntse ntswg. Loj hlob ntawm 6 rau kaum daim. Bushes tsis xav tau kev txhawb nqa.
Pearl
Unpretentious ntau yam nrog ib tug elongated duab ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo six, loj hlob nyob rau hauv bunches ntawm mus txog rau xya pieces. Qhov siab ntawm ib tug neeg laus Bush tsis tshaj 40 cm.
Siab
Ballerina
Rose-puab lws suav pear-puab.
Romantic
High-yielding ntau yam, ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 1.6 m, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog me me, tsis ntau tshaj 50 grams, li niaj zaus puag ncig.
Dwarf
Bonsai
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis muaj ntau tshaj 25 grams. Tus nroj tsuag yog zoo nkauj, zoo li ib tug me me Bush.
Lauj kaub khoom thiab loj
Rau kev loj hlob, koj siv tau txhua yam yas ntim quav. Ntawm cov noob cov kab mob, cov hmoov me me tuaj yeem siv, thiab tom qab transplanting mus rau hauv cov loj loj, zoo tib yam paj pots nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm tsawg tsib liters kuj yuav ua.
Av
Txoj kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog yuav khoom tshwj xeeb npaj txhij-ua av rau cov txiv lws suav rau hauv khw, los yog npaj koj tus kheej los ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua kom qis thiab cov khoom sib npaug ntawm cov khoom sib npaug thiab ntxiv cov hmoov av los yog sawdust kom zoo dua qub.
Tus txheej txheem ntawm cog balconies txiv lws suav
Tom ntej no, peb yuav qhia rau koj seb yuav cog cov noob txiv lws suav liab hauv tsev kom raug, kom lub tsev sab hauv yuav lo thiab yuav zoo siab ntxiv rau koj nrog nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Noob
Ua ntej cog, lub noob yuav tsum tau npaj:
- Dhau lawv nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb liab daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate thiab etch rau peb teev. Instead of potassium permanganate, koj tuaj yeem siv Fitosporin los yog Trichodermin, uas muaj cov nyhuv fungicidal thiab muaj cuab kav ua rau kev tua cov kab mob ntawm cov noob uas tsis pom qhov muag ntawm qhov muag.
- Tom qab tua kab mob, cov noob tau ua tiav los ntawm biostimulants, xws li Epin-Extra los yog Zircon, qhov no yuav ua rau kom cov kab mob loj tuaj.
- Noob raug muab tso rau hauv moistened gauze thiab sab laug rau hauv qab txee ntawm lub tub yees rau ob peb hnub, nws yuav tawv lawv, kom lawv resistant mus rau kub hloov.
Lub seeding txheej txheem nws tus kheej yog raws li nram no:
- Txhawb cov av nplaum yog nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub tank thiab cov av tau npaj rau saum toj.
- Lub ntiaj teb ntwg nrog dej sov thiab tom qab nws yog qhov zoo txaus, grooves 1 cm sib sib zog nqus yog ua rau tag nrho dav ntawm lub tank. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub grooves yuav tsum 4 cm.
- Nyob rau hauv lub tau txais tob tob, noob yog pw tawm nrog ib tug interval ntawm 2-3 cm los ntawm txhua lwm yam, sprinkled nrog lub ntiaj teb thiab them nrog ib tug zaj duab xis.
Seedlings
- Seedlings yuav tsum tau tempered tsis tu ncua, qhib lub qhov rais ntawm lub sam thiaj nyob sov so rau ob peb teev thiab kaw lawv overnight. Yog tias qhov qis dua ntawm qis qis tau nrhiav tau ib lub xiav xiav - qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov nroj tsuag qhov kev tiv thaiv tau nce thiab nws yog siv rau txias txias.
- Acquired seedlings yog cog nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw mus tas li, yog hais tias lawv tau mus txog ib lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog, los ntawm lub sij hawm no tus nroj tsuag muaj los ntawm plaub mus rau rau tseeb nplooj.
- Ib txhij nrog hloov, ib tug dhia ntawm seedlings yog nqa tawm, uas tso cai rau lub keeb kwm kom loj hlob, ntxiv dag zog thiab ua zoo xa cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau cov nroj tsuag.
- Tsawg-loj hlob ntau yam yog cog nyob rau hauv ob nrog ib tug deb ntawm tsib mus rau kaum centimeters los ntawm txhua lwm yam, yog hais tias cov nroj tsuag hlob nyob rau hauv loj lub peev xwm, ces lub interval yuav tsum tau nce mus rau 40 cm.
- Tam sim ntawd tom qab cog, lub qhov rais ntawm lub sam thiaj yuav tsum tau ua ntej thiab tswj qhov ntsuas kub nyob hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 18-20 degrees, thaum lub stems ncaj thiab nplooj tawm, nws yuav siv ob peb hnub, shading yuav tshem tawm.
Tam sim no koj paub yuav ua li cas cog txiv lws suav kom raug - noob thiab seedlings - nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev, ces peb yuav tham txog cov kev cai ntawm kev saib xyuas.
Yuav tu li cas: kauj ruam ntawm kauj ruam qhia
Tshuaj ywg dej thiab chiv
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua siv dej siv los tso rau txiv lws suav, nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev. Cov dej sov tau teem rau ob hnub yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Hauv av hauv lub tso tsheb hlau luam yuav tsum tsis txhob ntub heev nyob rau hauv xws li ib puag ncig, lub keeb kwm pib choke thiab cov nroj tsuag tuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia overdrying ntawm cov av, lub keeb kwm yuav pib qhuav, thiab txiv lws suav tig daj. Kev siv dej yuav tsum tau nqa tawm raws li cov tswvyim ib zaug txhua txhua peb hnub. Tom qab watering, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los loosen cov av. Yog hais tias cov huab cua pos huab, koj yuav tsum txav deb ntawm lub sij hawm thiab dej tsob ntoo ntau dua, uas yog tsom rau ntawm cov qib kev ziab ntawm cov av.
Thawj hnav khaub ncaws rau txiv lws suav muaj peev xwm ua 40-50 hnub tom qab cog. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws fertilizer - humus, uas muaj peev xwm yuav yuav nyob rau hauv lub tiav lawm version nyob rau hauv lub khw muag khoom. Nws yog ntxiv rau hauv av ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm ob centimeters, ua tsaug rau cov hauv paus hniav uas muaj oxygen thiab txais tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob. Cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm peb zaug ua ntej tsiv cov txiv lws suav rau hauv lub thawv ruaj khov.
Trimming thiab Pinching
Raws li cov nroj tsuag hlob, tus stepchildren tshwm rau nws, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, sib sau cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv ib, ob los yog peb tua.
Yog hais tias tus seedlings yog high - qhov zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsim ntawm ib los yog ob lub stems, thiab yog tias tsawg, ces peb.
Thaum zes qe menyuam tau tsim, koj tuaj yeem tshem qis nplooj, Tsis tas li ntawd yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov spoilt thiab yellowed nplooj.
Thaum cov nroj tsuag kiag li tsim, pinch sab saum toj thiab inflorescences thiaj li hais tias tsawg kawg yog plaub ntawm lawv nyob twj ywm. Nws yog tsim nyog rau kev noj qab nyob zoo ntawm seedlings.
Npaj thiab dai
Tsuas qis ntau yam yuav tsum tau thaub qab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, thiaj li hais tias lub qia tsis khoov nyob rau hauv qhov ceeb thawj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yog khi rau ib tug kev them nyiaj yug. Koj tuaj yeem dai pots nrog undersized thiab ntsias ntau yam kom txuag tau qhov chaw.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Txiv lws suav loj hlob hauv cov thawv uas raug kaw lawm ntau zaus cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob fungal dua cov qoob loo zom rau hauv av. Yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj hom kab mob no, lub sam thiaj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua los yog, yog tias ua tau, qhib rau txhua lub sijhawm, kaw cov huab cua uas ntub dej txias.
Cov kab mob:
- Cov dub ceg - hauv paus caj dab ntawm seedling darkens, nyias thiab rot.
- Anthracnose - ib tug nroj tsuag mob tuag, lub hauv paus caj dab rots.
- Grey rot - on ntsuab los yog ripened txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwm rounded me ntsis, maj nce thiab raising watery.
- Brown rot - manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug xim av chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qia, lub puab daim ntaub ntawm fetus yog rotting.
Sam txiv lws suav muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam los ntawm kab tsuag:
- Kab laug sab mite - muab cov kua txiv hmab tawm los ntawm nplooj thiab braids lawv nrog ib tug nyias cobweb, lub nroj tsuag tuag.
- Whitefly - cov kab ua ke rau nplooj, raws li ib tug ntawm cov uas lawv tau them nrog dub Bloom thiab qhuav li, lub nroj tsuag tuag.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tshaj tawm kab tsuag, pots nrog mint, oregano lossis parsley tuaj yeem tso ze tom txiv lws suav.
Ntaus zuj zus sab nraud
Loj hlob txiv lws suav rau ntawm lub sam thiaj qhib raws li tib yam qauv xws li ntawm glazed ib qho, tsuas yog qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov hnub ntawm sowing ntawm noob thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm seedlings. Sowing yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv lub Peb Hlis tshaj li sab qaum teb ntawm cheeb tsam, qhov ze ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub hlis.
Lub thawv nrog tua yuav tsum tau ceev cia nyob rau hauv lub chav nyob rau ib lub qhov rais sill, teeb ci nrog luminescent yaj.
Thaum tuaj txog hnub sov, lub thawv ntim rau lub sam thiaj, thawj zaug rau ib nrab teev, kom ntev li ob peb teev. Cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm txhua hnub.
Tom qab xaiv, seedlings yuav tsum tau ceev cia nyob rau hauv chav tsev rau ob hnub ntxiv tom qab uas lub huam nrog txiv lws suav yog nqa tawm ntawm lub sam thiaj.
Cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob txiv lws suav rau ntawm lub sam thiaj tsis technologically complex. Qhov no yog txoj kev ntse siv los ntawm kev paub gardeners, thiab hom no kuj tau pom zoo rau novice garden cultivators.
