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Tag nrho cov carrots NIIOH 336: kev piav qhia, cultivation, sau thiab lwm nuances

Ntawm qhov nruab nrab-ripening ntau yam haum rau mus sij hawm ntev cia thiab ua ntau yam nyob rau hauv kev siv, peb muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv cov carrot ntau NIIOK 336, bred los ntawm Lavxias teb sab breeders nyob rau hauv 1978.

Siab tawm los thiab kom zoo ntawm ntau yam ua rau nws tau txais ib tug zoo qoob loo nrog tau ntev ntawm cia nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm agrotechnology feem ntau txais rau carrots.

Vim lub nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm carotene thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm cov kev pab, carrots NIIOK 336 khov kho txoj kev hlub ntawm gardeners thoob plaws Russia.

Qhov txawv ntawm lwm hom yog dab tsi?

Qhov no ntau yam distinguishes:

  • nce carotene cov ntsiab lus (23%);
  • daim ntawv thov rau me nyuam thiab noj zaub mov.

Muaj zog thiab qaug zog

Qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam muaj xws li:

  1. siab yield;
  2. zoo tu zoo;
  3. adaptability kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua thaj tsam ntawm Russia;
  4. universality hauv daim ntawv thov;
  5. nce carotene cov ntsiab lus (txog 23%).

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm no ntau yog nws nruab nrab kev tiv thaiv mus rau feem ntau cov carrot kab mob.

Cov yam ntxwv kom ntxaws thiab kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam

  • Tsos (cov duab thiab xim ntawm hauv paus). Cov zaub ntug hauv av ua rau cylindrical nrog cov kab npoo kawg, hnyav ntawm 90 mus rau 110 g. Qhov ntev ntawm cov zaub ntug hauv paus mus txog 20 cm, inch - txog 4-5 cm Lub nplhaib, pulp thiab cov tub ntxhais ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub pob txiv kab ntxwv khaus.
  • Sowing sij hawm. Rau NIIOK 336 ntau yam, cov hnub cog nruab nrab yog siv tau - lig caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum muaj huab cua sov tau tsim tau thiab thaum twg qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm rov qab tau txias.

    Hauv Middle Belt, lub sijhawm no zaum peb ntawm lub Plaub Hlis, nyob rau hauv Siberia, kev pib tsis pib ntxov tshaj May. Nyob hauv thaj av qab teb, feem ntau, cog cov hnub pib pib ua ntej lwm tus neeg - hauv thawj xyoo thiab zaum ob ntawm lub Peb Hlis.

    Tab sis qhov no muaj peev xwm kuj yuav cog ua ntej lub caij ntuj no, nyob rau hauv lig Lub kaum hli ntuj - thaum ntxov Lub Kaum Ib Hlis, thaum huab cua kub tsis tau poob qis dua 5 ° C.

  • Dab tsi yog qhov tawm los ntawm 1 his. Ntau yam yog hais txog kev tawm los - ntawm 1 his sau tau los ntawm 28 mus rau 54 tons ntawm carrots.
  • Tus qhab nia nce qib thiab ua kom zoo. Cov qib no muaj cov txiaj ntsim zoo kawg nkaus, thiab tseem muaj ntau ntxiv carotene. Los ntawm lub sij hawm zoo tshaj plaws haum rau kev noj haus tshiab, nrog rau kev sib tw. Cov cim kev qhia kom zoo yog qib ntawm 82-92%.
  • Loj hlob thaj tsam. Qhov ntau yam yog pub kom loj hlob thoob plaws hauv Russia nrog tsuas yog lub North, North-West thiab Ural regions.
  • Qhov twg yog qhov pom zoo kom loj tuaj. Carrots ntawm no ntau yam yog pom zoo rau cultivation hauv qhib rau hauv av.
  • Tsis kam mus rau kab mob. Ntau yam NIIOK 336 tsis zoo heev ntawm resisting feem ntau cov kab mob ntawm carrots. Preplanting noob kev npaj yog ib qho zoo heev kev tiv thaiv ntawm ntau cov kab mob, tab sis nws tsis yog ib txwm txaus.
  • Maturation term. Qhov ntau yam yog nruab nrab ripening, txij li thaum lub caij loj hlob txij thaum thawj zaug tua tshwm yog 110-120 hnub. Txawm li ntawd los, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nrog ib tug sov so kev nyab xeeb, maturation tshwm sim sai dua - nyob rau hauv 80-90 hnub.
  • Dab tsi ntawm av prefers. Qhov qib prefers yooj yim friable xeb nrog acidity tsawg.

Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los

Qhov ntau yam tau txais nyob rau hauv 1978 nyob rau hauv lub All-Lavxias Scientific Research Lub koom haum ntawm Zaub Growing by hla Vitamin thiab Ntau yam 5 pawg.

Loj hlob

  1. Rau carrots, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv qhib, qhov chaw zoo. Ob peb lub lis piam ua ntej cog nws yog pom zoo kom siv humus los yog compost (ntawm tus nqi ntawm 4 kg / m²). Noob yuav tsum tau tseem npaj ua ntej - soak nyob rau hauv ib qho kev qaug zog ntawm manganese los yog siv cov tshuaj "Chom." Cov kev kho mob zoo li no yuav ua rau cov tshuaj tua kab tsuag kom zoo, thiab ntxiv rau lawv txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
  2. Sowing yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua rau ib hnub tshav ntuj. Ua ntej, ua grooves txog li 1-2 cm tob nyob rau hauv cov av. Qhov deb ntawm lub noob yog hais txog 0.5 cm, ces cov av yog leveled thiab watered nplua mias.
  3. Ntxiv kev saib xyuas yog thinning - thawj thinning yog ua nyob rau hauv ob lub lim tiam tom qab sowing. Qhov thib ob thinning - tom qab peb lub lim tiam. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog tsawg kawg 5 cm Yog tias koj tsis thinning, lub carrots yuav pib deform vim tsis muaj chaw los yog loj hlob me me.
  4. Qhov ntau yam xav tau txaus watering. - Nyob ntawm cov huab cua puag, qoob loo cov qoob loo yuav tsum tau watered ib zaug txhua txhua 4-7 hnub. Nws yog pom zoo rau dej carrots nruab nrab ntawm cov kab, thiab tsis nyob rau hauv lub bushes.
  5. Carrots teb zoo mus rau fertilizer, yog li ntawd thaum lub caij koj tuaj yeem ua peb qho hnav khaub ncaws:

    • Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm intensive kev loj hlob, koj yuav siv tau superphosphate (50 g ib 10 liv dej).
    • Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm flowering haum poov tshuaj nitrate (30 g ib 10 liv dej).
    • Thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm, ammonium nitrate yuav thov (30 g ib 10 liv dej).

Harvesting thiab cia

Zoo li lwm yam, NIIOK 336 yuav tsum tau tua ua ntej qhov pib ntawm Frost. Ntxiv nrog rau xam hnub rau sau qoob rau ntawm lub maturity ntawm no ntau yam, koj tseem yuav tsom rau ntawm yellowing ntawm qis nplooj.

Sai li sai tau hauv av on rub tawm-tawm paus cov qoob loo yog qhuav, lub saum yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.

Ua ntej muab cov carrots rau hauv cia, lawv tuaj yeem nqa me ntsis los yog cov kab uas muaj mob hauv paus. Yuav kom nce qhov zoo ntawm cov qoob loo thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm cov kab mob, koj muaj peev xwm hmoov carrots nrog hmoov chalk. Kuj kuj tau siv txujci nchuav tawm ua ntej calcined ntub xuab zeb los yog ntoo thuv sawdust.

Kab mob thiab kab tsuag

Qhov no ntau yam yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm nruab nrab kev tiv thaiv rau feem ntau cov kab mob, Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis tsuas yog mus nqa tawm tiv thaiv kev npaj ntawm noob rau cog, tab sis kuj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv cov kab mob:

  • Kev kho mob ntawm Fofatox daws yuav pab tawm tsam blight.
  • From paus rot - ib tug daws ntawm colloidal ntsev.
  • Los ntawm powdery mildew, lub tshuaj Regent yog haum.

Parasites, dhau lawm, muaj peev xwm feem ntau yog ib tug mob taub hau rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas loj hlob ntawm no ntau yam.

  1. Yuav kom tiv thaiv aphids, koj siv tau cov tshuaj "Oxy".
  2. Ntawm cov ntshauv yuav pab tshuaj yeeb "Luxor".
  3. Ib tug ntoo tshauv daws yuav siv tawm tsam Colorado qos beetle.
  4. Los ntawm medvedki - Bordeaux kua.

Ntau yam teeb meem loj hlob thiab kev daws teeb meem

Yog tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev ua vaj tsev ua qoob loo, cov huab cua tsis zoo, cov noob tsis zoo thiab lwm yam ua rau tuaj yeem ua qee yam teeb meem thaum cog zaub ntxiv.

Paub txog kev daws cov teeb meem no, nrog rau cov kev ua ub ua no, koj tuaj yeem txuag tau qoob loo yav tom ntej los yog zam kom tsis txhob muaj qhov yuam kev thiab teeb meem hauv lub caij tom ntej:

  • Tua los yog saum qaum daj, ncab tawm thiab qaug zog - yog hais tias cab cab tsis ua, ces cov tshuaj Aktara, Ecogel, thiab Zircon siv los tiv thaiv lawv.

    Thaum muaj cov kab mob fomozom (cov ntoo ua rau pib daj), cov xim av daj (qhov chaw pib xiav daj tuaj ntawm cov npoo, thiab tig mus rau xim av) los yog cov nroj tsuag rhizoctoniosis yuav raug muab pov tseg, vim nrog ntxiv cia lawv kis tau rau ntawm cov qoob loo.

  • Dawb tub ntxhais sab hauv - Vim li cas tej zaum yuav tsis muaj noob qoob zoo, thiab ntau tshaj nitrogen hauv keeb kwm ntawm qhov nyiaj tsawg. Nyob rau hauv qhov thib ob rooj plaub, kev hloov ntawm fertilizer daim ntawv thov yuav pab daws qhov teeb meem no.

  • Cov hauv paus qoob loo yog qhov tawg - qhov no yog vim muaj kev tsis sib haum, cov av chiv, cov av hnyav, hnyuv dhau qib. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los soj ntsuam cov uniformity ntawm dej, kom meej fertilize (tshwj xeeb yog ceev faj nrog nitrogen).

    Yog hais tias lub site yog hnyav av nplaum av, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum muab rau ntau yam nrog luv luv keeb kwm los yog nroj tsuag carrots nyob rau hauv tej lub txaj.

  • Carrots loj hlob savory thiab qhuav - qhov no yuav yog yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam, xws li tsis muaj dej los yog chiv.

  • Deformed Root Vegetables - Vim li cas thiaj li tsis zoo rau kev ua av (ntau pob zeb), tsis muaj dej nyob hauv thawj lub hlis tom qab cog, tsis xaiv chiv (quav tsiaj, potassium chloride thiab potash ntsev tsis txhob siv) thiab ntxeem tau ntawm kab tsuag.

  • Carrots loj hlob heev me me - Cov no tej zaum yuav ua tau ntawm ntau yam, tsis muaj hnub lossis, nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, ntau tshav kub. Nyob rau hauv lub yav tas rooj plaub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb nce lub volume ntawm dej.
Cov av tej zaum yuav tsis tsim nyog, hnyav heev lossis muaj acidity. Lub caij tom ntej no yuav pab kho qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev ntxiv xuab zeb nyob rau theem ntawm kev npaj cov av rau cog, nrog rau cov txiv qaub lossis dolomite hmoov.

Zoo li hom carrot

Nyob ze ntawm saj, ripening, tawm los thiab kom zoo, thiab raws li nyob rau hauv tsos yog cov nram qab no ntau yam ntawm carrots:

  • Altair F1.

  • Losinoostrovskaya 13.

  • Incomparable.

  • Forto F1.

Qhov ntau yam NIIOK 336 yog dav faib vim nws adaptability rau cultivation nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua thaj tsam ntawm Russia. Qhov tsis muaj nta ntawm cov qoob loo saib xyuas, high yield thiab kom zoo ntawm no ntau yam ua nws ntxim siab rau loj hlob nyob rau hauv vaj teb thaj av.

Txawm li cas los, tsis heev tiv thaiv tawm tsam ntau cov kab mob tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kev npaj cov noob ua ntej cog thiab ntxiv ze xyuas ntawm qhov mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Nthuav Cov Khoom