Nta thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dawb carrots: ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm nrov ntau yam thiab cultivation cov cai. Cov tswv yim pab

Dawb carrots tsis yog feem ntau cov zaub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, tab sis muaj ntau ntawm nws cov loyal connoisseurs.

Thiab cov neeg uas tau saj no ntau, yuav tsis kam nws. Yuav kom nkag siab txog dab tsi tshwj xeeb txog nws, tsuas yog rau ib qho txawv xim, thiab yog vim li cas nws thiaj li zoo, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib nws cov qualities thiab nta.

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, koj yuav kawm txog qhov chaw uas dawb carrots loj hlob, yuav ua li cas cog qoob no, thiab kuj nrhiav tau ntau yam ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm zaub tu thiab cov ntawv xaiv.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Qhov tseeb pom yog hais tias nws yog xim ntawm cov keeb kwm lawv tus kheej uas muab lub npe ntawm lub dawb carrot. Nws tshuav nqi them tsis muaj beta-carotene, ib qho uas ua rau zoo li carrots txiv kab ntxwv. Externally, ntxiv rau nws cov xim, dawb carrots tsis txawv ntawm lawv cov txheeb ze. Ib qho ntawm qhov txawv - ib qho muaj zog ntxiag aroma vim muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj yam tseem ceeb. Dawb carrots ntseeg tau los ntawm Afghanistan, Iran thiab Pakistan.

• Tus nroj tsuag yog feem ntau tsis meej nrog parsnips. Lawv yog cov zoo li nyob rau hauv tsos - dawb rhizome, ob qho tag nrho mus rau lub raj tsev neeg. Tab sis nyob ze xyuas nws yuav nyuaj rau lawv. Qhov txawv qhov txawv yog qhov parsnips yog loj thiab ib tsos tsaus tsawv dua li cov av qab dawb.
• Lwm cov kev sib piv nrog cov ceg tawv. Tseeb, muaj ntau yam ntawm dawb turnip nrog ib tug elongated thiab nyias rhizome, tab sis nrog dawb carrots lawv kuj muaj me ntsis nyob rau hauv ntau.

Luv luv keeb kwm ntawm kev xaiv

Lub progenitress ntawm tag nrho cov ntau yam ntawm carrots yog suav hais tias yog yuav ib tug qus dawb carrot, ntsim rau saj, haum nkaus rau tsiaj pub. Dawb, xim liab thiab daj daj tau cog rau hauv 14-15 centuries hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, Fabkis, Hais thiab Netherlands. Txawm tom qab - nyob rau xyoo 17th, Dutch breeders tau coj tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntau yam xws li carrots uas yog iab, juicier thiab ntau yam ntxiv palatable.

Dab tsi nws zoo li?

Dawb carrots, zoo li tag nrho nws cov txheeb ze, koom rau lub raj tsev neeg. Cov nroj tsuag yog muaj zog, yuav luag tsis txawv ntawm cov txiv kab ntxwv classic, nws nce mus txog ib qhov siab ntawm 50 cm. Zaub ntsuab yog lush, me ntsis pinnate, zoo li ib co ntau hom parsley. Cov nplooj yog ci, ywj, loj hlob mus txog 20-30 cm, resistant mus rau lub tsos ntawm me ntsis thiab lwm yam kab mob. Dawb zaub ntug hauv paus rhizome ntawm elongated duab, tus, elastic, muaj kua, loj hlob 10-15 cm ntev.

Dab tsi yog txawv ntawm lwm hom?

Externally, ntau yam ntawm dawb carrots, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau xim ntawm rhizome, yog tsis sib txawv los ntawm lawv cov txheeb ze, tab sis nws yuav nyuaj rau nrhiav ib tug hloov rau lawv cov khoom thiab cov khoom. Lub ntsiab sib txawv:

• dawb xim (los yog nrog lub tinge ntawm ivory) ntawm rhizome;
• zaub muaj kua thiab qab qab zib heev;
• pronounced qab ntxiag aroma (vim cov roj tseem ceeb);
• muag heev tawv nqaij;
• qis calorie piv rau txiv kab ntxwv ntau yam;
• haum rau kev ua xua (cov neeg uas tsis tuaj yeem noj zaub).

Qhov twg loj tuaj?

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, feem ntau dawb carrots yog pom nyob rau hauv lub Mediterranean lub teb chaws. Thaum nws loj hlob ntawm nws tus kheej, nws hlob zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev nyab xeeb huab cua ntawm lub teb chaws CIS. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nyob rau hauv qhib tua nws yog zoo dua mus rau loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb. Nyob rau hauv greenhouses, dawb carrots yuav zus txhua txhia qhov chaw.

• Dawb carrots yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws cog rau hauv lub teeb, xoob, "ua tsis taus pa" xau, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab los yog me ntsis acidic xau.
• Nws yog zoo dua cog cov noob rau qhov chaw uas lawv loj hlob qaub, zaub pob, txiv lws suav los yog dos. Tab sis tom qab parsley los yog dill, nws yuav loj hlob heev tsis zoo, cov av tom qab lawv xav tau kev ua tiav.

Nrov tshaj plaws ntau yam

Yuav ua li cas yog feem ntau ntau yam ntawm no paus?
Ntawm cov ntau hom dawb carrots yog pov thawj cov thawj coj rau decades. Ntawm cov no, peb cov hybrids ntawm "Lunar wite", "Waite satin" thiab "White Belgian" sawv tawm.

Lunar wite

Ntau yam yog siv rau kev siv ua noj. Differs muaj kua, qab zib thiab muag heev tsw. Hauv paus cov qoob loo nyias nyias, nrog ib daim tawv nyias thiab maj mam tawv nqaij, loj hlob tsis muaj ntau tshaj 30 cm.

Thaum Ntxov - tuaj nqa cov hauv paus hniav tuaj yeem pib tom qab 2 lub hlis. Nws muaj txaus kub ntawm +16, +20 degrees thiab zoo watering muab ib tug bountiful sau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, "Moonlight White" yog xav tau ntawm cov kev mob thiab kev saib xyuas - nws xav tau cov av dub, ruaj khov, tsaws ntawm cov sijhawm sib dhos thiab cov dej tsis tu ncua.

Raws li tsim nyog rau cov neeg mob, qhov ntau yam yog zoo khaws cia rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm ib xyoos. Vim nws ripening ntau yam haum rau cheeb tsam nrog ib tug txias kev nyab xeeb (Ural, Siberia), nyob rau hauv sab qab teb rau lub caij koj muaj peev xwm tswj kom tau txais ntau harvests. Tus nqi ntawm ib lub hnab yas ntawm Lunar wite yog nruab nrab 40 xos rau ib yam khoom.

Tos tos

Tus thawj coj ntawm cov dawb ntau yam hauv saj. Thiab nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj ntawm feem nrov tshaj plaws. Nws cov hauv paus hniav yog snow-dawb sab nraud (lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog creamy ntau dua), npliag, muaj kua thiab crispy, elongated cylindrical duab nrog ib tug ntse tus Tsov. Qhov ntev ntawm lub fetus 25-30 cm, qhov ceeb thawj 100 grams.

Qhov ntau yam yog thaum ntxov ripening, thiaj li siav, nws yuav siv sij hawm ob lub hlis, tag nrho cov voj voog ntawm cog rau maturation yuav siv sij hawm ib tug nruab nrab ntawm ib puas hnub. Tseem xav tau ntawm cov av, cov dej tsis tu ncua, tshav kub thiab teeb pom kev zoo, Yuav ntau yam Waite satin rau tus nqi kwv yees li ntawm 21 rubles rau ib pob.

Dawb Belgian

Hauv European lub teb chaws, nws tseem hu ua "Blanche A Collet Vert". Qhov ntau yam yog bred los ntawm dawb fodder carrots, ib zaug nrov nyob rau hauv Fabkis nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19. Hauv paus qoob loo yog spindly, loj (txog 25 cm), lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo nws tus kheej yog dawb, tab sis lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog yellowish. Sab qaum feem ("lub xub pwg") ua greenish. "Dawb Belgian" yog ib qho kev paub tab thaum ntxov, tua tshwm li ntawm 1.5 lub lis piam, tom qab 2.5-3 lub hlis nws tau npaj siab rau kev sau qoob.

Av ntau yam tsis xav tau, zoo li yav dhau los sawv daws, hlob yooj yim nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av thiab tsis xav tau tshwj xeeb fertilizer. Ntawm minuses - heev tsis ruaj tsis kub, rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tua yuav tsum tau ib tug kub ntawm tsawg kawg +10 degrees, tab sis sai sai frosts tau tua tag nrho cov tua.

Lub saj ntawm "Dawb Belgian" yog ho tsis zoo, qhia qhov saj xwb tom qab kev kho kub - ua noj los yog kib. Tus nqi ntawm "Belgian Dawb" hybrid nce mus txog 180 rubles.

Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg hauv paus zaub

Nyob rau hauv nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, dawb carrots txawv me ntsis los ntawm lawv cov pob txha dawb. Lub ntsiab qhov txawv yog qhov qhaj ntawv ntawm beta-carotene. Yog tias peb tham txog cov vitamins thiab minerals uas muaj hauv cov carrots dawb, ces lawv abound rau nws:

• ascorbic acid;
• ib feem ntawm cov vitamins ntawm pawg "B" (thiamine, riboflavin, retinol, geranol, folic acid, thiab lwm tus);
• vitamins: E, K thiab H;
• cov zaub mov (potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur thiab chlorine);
• kab zauv: (zinc, iron, copper, fluorine, iodine, manganese, selenium, boron, lithium, thiab lwm tus);
• bioflavonoids;
• roj yam tseem ceeb;
• amino acids;
• coarse fiber;
• pectin.

Nws kuj tau sau tseg tias dawb carrots muaj tsawg calories dua txiv kab ntxwv.

Cov khoom

Cov txiaj ntsig

Xws li cov zaub zaub ntsej muag nrog rau kev siv rau hauv nws cov nqaij nyoos thiab cov ntaub ntawv (txawm tias thaum cov kev kho tshav kub feem ntau ntawm cov vitamins hauv cov carrots dawb yog khaws cia) muaj kev pab cuam zoo heev rau tib neeg lub cev:

• Cov ntsiab lus ntawm fiber ntau pabcuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hnyuv thiab ua rau lub cev zom nquag, pabcuam rau kev tiv thaiv kev mob qog nqaij hlav.
• Txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov cwj pwm thiab pab tiv thaiv kev ua rau atherosclerosis.
• Tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab lub hlwb (xws li Alzheimer's disease).
• Puv qhov tsis muaj vitamins thiab minerals hauv lub cev.
• Haum rau kev noj haus ntawm kev ua xua thiab menyuam mos noj.
• Nws muaj cov kab mob khov thiab choleretic.
• Raws li lub ntuj antioxidant rejuvenates lub cev.
• Kev sib ntaus tawm tsam kev tiv thaiv kab mob, suppresses pathogenic cov kab mob.
• Zoo nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam worms.
• Rov ua kom muaj zog, txo qhov mob thiab qaug zog.
• Txhim kho lub cev tsis muaj zog.
• Qee lub cev plab hnyuv microflora, tshwm sim thaum rov qab kho tom qab kho cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
• Siv ua ib tus neeg muag khoom mucolytic.
• Qee cov ntshav qab zib theem, nws pom zoo rau ntshav qab zib.
• Cov ntsiab lus ntawm tooj liab, zinc thiab nickel pab lim ntshav.
• Muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev tiv thaiv kev mob qog nqaij hlav.

Ua kom mob

Dawb carrots tsis muaj peev xwm tuaj nqa teeb meem, tab sis nws tseem yuav tsum tau noj nyob rau hauv tsim nyog qhov ntau. Ntxiv mus, ib qho loj ntawm cov vitamins hauv nws tuaj yeem ua rau hypervitaminosis. Qhov tseeb yog qhov no rau qhov no koj yuav tsum tau noj ib qho loj npaum li cas. Thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj tias lawv yog qhov kev zam rau txoj cai. Yog li ntawd dawb carrots muaj peev xwm ua mob:

• Tseem, nws tuaj yeem ua rau ua xua nrog kev siv heev (vim carbohydrates thiab cov roj ntsha tseem ceeb).
• Tej zaum yuav ua rau mob ntawm plab hnyuv quav, cem quav lossis mob raws plab thiab qhov ua rau mob plab hnyuv.
• Kiv taub hau, tsis muaj zog thiab xeev siab, lub plawv dhia ceev ceev thaum lub sij hawm overdose ntawm cov vitamins B thiab dawb ascorbic acid muaj nyob rau hauv cov dawb carrots.
• Kom muaj diuretic zoo heev.
• Exacerbation ntawm thyroid kab mob (nrog rau cov kab mob ntawm endocrine system yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj).

Txawm li cas los xij, cov kab mob tau piav saum no tsis tshua muaj heev thiab yog qhov kev nyuab siab tshaj plaws rau txoj cai.

Cov kauj ruam ntawm kauj ruam qhia cov lus qhia

Npaj kev tsaws

1. Thaum cog dawb carrots, koj yuav tsum tau ib qho khoom muag: ib daig thiab ib tug hoe, ob leeg yuav tsum huv, tsis hais txog ntawm chiv thiab lwm yam.
2. Dawb carrots loj hlob zoo hauv nruab nrab thiab me ntsis cov qe kua qaub, zoo li hauv av av thiab lub teeb loam. Yog hais tias koj npaj kom cog dawb carrots nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, nws yog ib qhov zoo dua xaiv peat los yog Sandy av. Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, koj muaj peev xwm ua tau potash thiab phosphate chiv. Ua ntej khawb av.
3. Noob ua ntej sowing yuav tsum tau npaj - soak rau txog ib hnub nrog dej los yog fertilizer daws. Yuav kom ntseeg tau tias cov noob raug muab faib ua ke, lawv pom zoo kom tov nrog xuab zeb (kwv yees li 1 teaspoon ntawm cov noob ib khob ntawm cov xuab zeb). Germination sij hawm - tom qab 18 - 20 hnub.

Txheej Txheem

Sow dawb carrots pib, feem ntau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Lub caij ntuj no cov qoob loo cog rau hauv lub kaum hli ntuj. Yog hais tias tus sau yog xav tau los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov rau cia, nws yog zoo dua rau sow nyob rau hauv May-Lub rau hli ntuj. Lub txaj yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm grooves nrog ib tug hoe, ces lub noob yog evenly faib nyob rau hauv lawv.

Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim cog, nws yog zoo dua los mus tsom rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug ntau yam (qhia nyob rau hauv pob). Tab sis nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov yuav tsum tau yug nyob rau hauv lub hlwb tias lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau ib qho chaw kom loj hlob, thiab nws yuav tsum tau muab.

• qhov deb ntawm kab yuav tsum tsawg kawg yog 30 cm;
• tom qab thinning, kom ib tug deb ntawm 5-15 cm;
• tob ntawm sowing ib tug me ntsis tsawg tshaj li 5 cm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab 5 cm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no.

Kev kho mob

1. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm dawb carrots yog los muab nws nrog lub microclimate tsim nyog:
   • av kub yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 8-10 degrees;
   • nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npog lub txaj tom qab sowing nrog ib daim ntaub damp av kom pom tseeb ya raws thiab cua nkag.
2. Tom qab cog, dawb carrots tsis tas yuav tsum tau dej ntau, tom qab tsos ntawm sprouts, nws xav tau ntau dua dej, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob thiab ripening, watering yuav tsum yog tas rau 2 zaug hauv ib lub hlis. Thaum lub sij hawm ripening ntawm paus cov qoob loo nws yog zoo dua los txo cov dej mus rau ib yam tsawg kawg nkaus.
3. Noj cov carrots tsuas yog peb zaug thaum loj hlob. Thawj zaug - tom qab qhov tsos ntawm thawj tua, ces tom ntawm cov khoom ntawm ib lub hlis. Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws yog nqa tawm tsuas yog nrog pob zeb hauv av chiv, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau mus thov fertilizer tsuas yog tom qab watering.
4. Loosening yog ib kauj ruam tsim nyog rau kev tu kom dawb carrots. Nws hlub cov huab cua. Nws yog zoo dua mus rau loosen cov av sai li sai tau tom qab germination. Tom ntej no lub sij hawm tom qab thinning - nruab nrab ntawm kab, nrog txoj kev loj hlob twb nruab nrab ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Loj hlob tuaj ntawm cov hauv paus zaub yuav tsum tau spud thiaj li hais tias ntsuab edging tsis tshwm rau ntawm qhov projecting.
5. Yuav kom maj dawb carrots yuav tsum yuav ob zaug rau tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob.
6. Rau qhov no, yuav tsum siv cov nroj tsuag tshiab los yog qhuav qhuav, Pine koob, compost, nettles, nplooj me me. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv daim ntaub npog khoom, ntaub nplaum, los yog thawv ntawv. Ntawv xov xwm, straw thiab peat yog tsis haum rau mulching.

Harvesting thiab cia ntawm qoob loo

• Kev siv lub sij hawm yuav nyob ntawm ntau yam.
• Ib hnub sov thiab sov so xaiv.
• Yog hais tias lub carrot yog tsis zoo muab tshem tawm, koj muaj peev xwm siv ib tug spade los yog tib rab diav rawg.
• Dug carrots yog txheeb, haum rau cia yog kho nrog ib tug qaug zog daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate thiab qhuav nyob rau hauv qhib cua ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 15 degrees.
• Nws yog zoo dua khaws carrots nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw qab daus ntawm qhov kub ntawm 0 mus rau + 4 hauv thawv ntawm cov xuab zeb, sawdust los yog dos ntawm tev.

Cov kev ua yuam kev

Dawb carrots yog zus kuj yooj yim. Tab sis Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob blunders:

1. Ua ntej cov qos yaj ywm sprouts, nws yog zoo dua tsis mus rau dej nws, thiaj li tsis txhob tsim ntawm ib crust ntawm cov av saum npoo.
2. Sai li ntawm nplooj ntawv thib peb, lub carrots yuav tsum tau thinned. Qhov no yog ua dua thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Yuav tsum muaj ib tug deb ntawm tsawg kawg 5 cm ntawm lub keeb kwm.
3. Spud carrots yuav tsum tau.

Kab mob, kab tsuag thiab kev tiv thaiv

Ntau hom dawb carrots raws li lwm yam muaj peev xwm yuav susceptible rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests. Lub sib ntaus tawm tsam lawv mus rau tib txoj kev raws li rau txiv kab ntxwv ntau yam:

• Los ntawm dub rot Koj tuaj yeem tau tshem ntawm nws, yog tias koj tsuag tshuaj tsuag nrog "Rov qab".
• Cercosporosis yuav swb nrog kev pab ntawm ib tug bordeaux sib tov daws.
• Mealy dew thiab bacteriosis ploj yog tias cov nroj tsuag raug kho nrog fungicides.
• Muaj disappears tom qab kev kho mob nrog tshuaj chlorine kua.
• Carrot flies, nplooj ntoos hlav, carrot moth yuav rhuav tshem VDG, Decis Profi thiab lwm tus. From folk remedies - ib xab npum daws, ashy brew los yog decoction ntawm lws suav saum.
• Los ntawm Bears yuav cawm ib tug daws ntawm vinegar, uas yog poured rau hauv lub qhov.

Rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm bedoubs carrots raug kho nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj. Ua li no, koj muaj peev xwm ua rau av hauv av qhov infusion ntawm nettle. Immunocytofit thiab lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog bioactive cov neeg ua haujlwm uas txhim kho cog kev tiv thaiv kuj yuav pab tau.

Cov kev xaiv rau kev siv

• Raw - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm xam lav, kua txiv, tsuas yog tag nrho.
• Thaum lub sij hawm tshav kub kub: boiled, kib, stewed.
• Kuv ua kom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yej.
• Rau medicinal lub hom phiaj, siv ib tug decoction ntawm keeb kwm.

Dawb carrots tsis yog cia li txawv, uas yog muaj khoom nce. Qhov no yog ib qho khoom noj qab nyob zoo, noj qab haus huv thiab ntau yam zaub, uas, nrog tu, yog haum yooj yim kom loj hlob hauv peb lub teb chaws ntawm peb tus kheej.