Thaum Ntxov ntau yam ntawm domestic yug me nyuam qos yaj ywm yog ib txwm ib tug kev vam meej. Cov no muaj xws li Kubanka qos yaj ywm - ib tug ntau yam fruitful, renowned rau nws zoo tuber tsw, uncharacteristic ntawm thaum ntxov paus cov qoob loo.
Loj thiab zoo nkauj qos yaj ywm yog zoo kawg nkaus khaws cia, tsis txhob poob lawv cov khoom muaj nqis rau ntau lub hlis.
Nyeem cov lus qhia ntxaws txog ntau yam thiab nws cov yeeb yam tom qab hauv tsab xov xwm.
Kubanka qos yaj ywm ntau yam lus piav qhia
| Qib npe | Kubanka |
| Cov yam ntxwv dav dav | rooj ntau yam ntawm Lavxias sau, resistant rau drought, Sudden kev hloov nyob rau hauv huab cua thiab luv luv frosts |
| Gestation lub sijhawm | 70-75 hnub (thawj khawb yog ua tau rau hnub 45) |
| Tshua cov ntsiab lus | 10-24% |
| Pawg ntawm kev lag luam tubers | 90-130 gr |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm tubers nyob rau hauv lub Bush | 12-15 |
| Tawm | txog li 220 kg / his |
| Tus neeg siv khoom zoo | zoo heev saj, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov vitamins, protein ntau thiab cov amino acids |
| Recumbency | 95% |
| Cov tawv nqaij xim | daj |
| Hnav xim | cream |
| Xav tias tsam thaj tsam loj hlob | txhua yam av nrog ib qhov chaw sov thiab qhuav |
| Disease tsis kam | resistant mus rau qos cancer, scab, golden cyst nematode, haus luam yeeb mosaic, nplooj ntoos curling tus kab mob |
| Ntaus zuj zus | qauv ua liaj ua teb |
| Keeb kwm | Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Koom Txoos Qos Qoob Loo Lorha (Russia) |
Yam ntxwv ntawm cov qos yaj ywm
Qos yaj ywm ntau yam Kubanka - domestic yug, thaum ntxov ripe, lub rooj. Thawj tubers ripen nyob rau hauv 45 hnub tom qab cog, tab sis lub siab tshaj plaws tawm los yog yuav tsum nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij loj hlob.
Txog qhov nruab nrab los ntawm 1 hectare yuav tsum tau sau txog 220 quintals ntawm xaiv qos yaj ywm. Qhov ntau yam tsis yog rhiab heev rau kev hloov lub sij hawm, tolerates ib tug luv luv drought, cua sov, me cua txias. Cov tawm los yog ruaj khov los ntawm lub xyoo mus rau lub xyoo, lub noob khoom tsis degenerate.
Sib piv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Kubanka nrog rau lwm yam, uas yog siv cov ntaub ntawv qhia:
| Qib npe | Tawm |
| Liab pojniam | 170-300 c / his |
| Rosara | 350-400 c / his |
| Molly | 390-450 c / his |
| Hmoov zoo | 420-430 c / his |
| Lyubava | 300-520 c / his |
| Latona | mus txog 460 c / his |
| Kamensky | 500-550 c / his |
| Zorachka | 250-320 c / his |
| Vineta | mus txog 400 kg / his |
| Meteor | 200-400 centners / his |
Bush qhov nruab nrab qhov siab, nruab nrab hom, ntseg, tsis dhau tawm. Ntsuab qhov tsim muaj me ntsis. Cov nplooj yog tsaus ntsuab, medium-qhov loj, nrog me ntsis wavy sawv.
Loj dawb paj yog sau nyob rau hauv compact beaters, Berry tsim yog tsawg. Kwv yees li 15 lub tub npua loj yog tsim nyob rau hauv txhua lub hav zoov. Tsis yog lag luam me ntsis khoom me ntsis.
Cov av yog fertilized nrog humus los yog ntoo tshauv, watering yog pom zoo thiab ib qho hnav khaub ncaws nrog cov ntxhiab pob zeb tag nrho los yog organic. Yuav ua li cas thiab thaum twg fertilize, thiab raws li yuav ua li cas pub lub qos yaj ywm thaum cog, nyeem cov khoom ntawm tus neeg.
Thaum lub sij hawm cog lub caij 1-2 zaug spud, tsim high ridges thiab rhuav tseg weeds. Koj tuaj yeem siv mulching.
Tsis tshua muaj cuam tshuam los ntawm lig blight, blackleg, paus rot. Qos yaj ywm tsis dhau raug rau cov kab tsuag: nyob rau hauv cov dej siab zoo thiab muaj peev xwm cog qoob loo, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo ntawm tubers.
Qos yaj ywm Kubanka Nws muaj qab ntxiag nplua nuj. Tsis zoo li ntau thaum ntxov ntau yam, lub tubers yog tiag tiag six, haum rau kev npaj ntau yam zaub mov: french fries, mashed qos yaj ywm, casseroles.
Thaum txiav qos yaj ywm tsis darken, tswj ib tug zoo nkauj creamy dawb xim. Yuav ua li cas kom khaws peeled qos yaj ywm, yuav ua li cas kom nws nyob rau hauv lub fridge nyeem nyob rau hauv cov khoom cais ntawm lub site.
Keeb kwm
Qos yaj ywm ntau yam Kubanka bred los ntawm Lavxias teb sab breeders. Qos yaj ywm raug pom zoo rau cultivation hauv cheeb tsam nrog ib tug sov, arid kev nyab xeeb. Nrog thaum ntxov disembarkation, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom tau 2 harvests ib xyoos twg.
Qos yaj ywm yog dav faib nyob rau hauv lub Kuban, zoo li nyob rau hauv lub Eastern thaj tsam ntawm Ukraine. Qhov ntau yam yog tsim rau industrial cultivation, cog on liaj teb los yog tus kheej thaj av.
Diam duab
Saib hauv qab: Kubanka qos ntau yam yees duab
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Ntawm lub ntsiab zoo ntawm ntau yam:
- zoo heev tuber saj;
- cov tub ntxhais kawm qib siab tas li;
- drought siab kam rau;
- tsis muaj kev saib xyuas;
- high khoom zoo ntawm cov qoob loo paus;
- tuber insensitivity rau mechanical puas tsuaj;
- tsis muaj ib tug nyiam mus degeneration ntawm tubers;
- tsis kam mus rau kab mob loj.
Kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam yog tsis pom. Tawm los yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov av thiab qhov nyiaj ntawm noo noo. Nrog ib tug tas mus li drought, lub tubers ua ntiav.
Nyob rau hauv lub rooj nram qab no koj yuav saib tau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau npaum li cas qhov nruab nrab hnyav ntawm kev lag luam tubers ntawm ntau ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm:
| Qib npe | Tuber luj |
| Juvel | 80-150 gr |
| Minerva | 120-245 gr |
| Kiranda | 90-175 gr |
| Ntses taub ntswg ntev | 60-100 gr |
| Rogneda | 80-120 gr |
| Granada | 80-100 gr |
| Magician | 75-150 g |
| Lasock | 150-200 g |
| Zhuravinka | 90-160 gr |
| Ryabinushka | 90-130 gr |
Ntaus zuj zus
Ua ntej cog, tubers yog pickled thiab ces soaked nyob rau hauv ib qho kev loj hlob promoter.. Tom qab ziab, lub keeb kwm yog germinated nyob rau hauv lub teeb los yog nyob rau hauv ntub sawdust.
Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nrog ib tug kub kev nyab xeeb, plantings pib nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis, rau cov cheeb tsam colder lawv yuav pauv mus rau ob nrab ntawm lub May. Cov av yog dug li, humus los yog ntoo tshauv yog pw tawm nyob rau hauv lub qhov.
Shrubs yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 30-35 cm los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Lub thickening ntawm lub landings zoo heev txo cov tawm los thiab ua rau nws nyuaj nyuaj rau kev saib xyuas rau cov nroj tsuag. Yuav tsum tau muaj kev dav dav.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag thiab tswj kom muaj qee theem ntawm ya raws lawv tuaj yeem ua tau mumble nrog mowed nyom los yog straw.
Pom zoo drip dej, tso cai rau kom qhov nce ntawm qhov tawm los. Thaum lub sij hawm cog lub caij, koj muaj peev xwm pub 1-2 zaus, alternating pob zeb hauv av complexes thiab organic teeb meem (humus, diluted mullein). Ua tau foliar khoom noj khoom haus nrog ib tug tov kua ntawm superphosphate.
Txau, thiab siv lwm yam tshuaj hauv cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo cov qoob loo, muaj ob qho tib si kev txhawb nqa thiab cov neeg uas tawm tsam kev siv chemistry.Nyeem rau ntawm peb qhov chaw tag nrho txog fungicides thiab herbicides, lawv siv thiab raug mob rau cog nroj tsuag.
Ua ntej harvesting yog pom zoo kom txiav tag nrho cov saum. Qhov no yuav pab tau cov tubers loj hlob tuaj thiab nce ib qho siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov as-ham. Txoj cai nyob rau ciam teb, lub qos yaj ywm muaj qhuav thiab txheeb, lub noob pawg yog muab cais. Nyob rau hauv peb cov khoom koj yuav pom ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog cov cia ntawm qos yaj ywm hauv thawv, nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, hais txog cov nqe lus thiab tej yam kev mob.
Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev loj hlob qos yaj ywm. Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv koj yuav pom txhua yam txog Dutch technology, hais txog loj hlob nyob rau hauv tej kas tham, hauv hnab, nyob rau hauv straw.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Kubank ntau yam yog resistant mus rau ntau yam kab mob txaus ntshai: qos cancer, Golden cyst-forming nematode, scab. Thaum ntxov ripening txuag tubers thiab nplooj los ntawm lig blight.
Rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cog plentryly sprayed nrog zib mu-muaj npaj. Qhov qhia txog ntoo tshauv nyob rau hauv cov av yuav pab tiv thaiv cov tsos ntawm cov ceg dub. Peb kuj hais tias koj paub koj tus kheej nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov kab mob qos yaj ywm xws li alternarioz, verticellez, thiab fusarium.
Qos yaj ywm bushes yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm aphids, Colorado beetles. Hauv thaj chaw sov, kab laug sab mites thiab cicadas nres tsaws. Rau kev tiv thaiv, loosening thiab hilling raug nquahu; yog hais tias muaj mob loj, cov tshuaj muaj kab mob siv.
Los ntawm wireworm pab pickling tubers ua ntej cog, thiab raws li qhov tseeb cog qoob loo. Txhua txhua ob peb xyoos, qos yaj ywm muaj cog nyob rau hauv thaj chaw tshiab, uas tau yav tas los nyob ntawm legumes, carrots, cabbage, thiab tiaj nyom grasses.
Cov cheeb tsam uas tau tso tawm raug pom zoo kom muab sown nrog phacelia los yog roj naj hle.
Kubanka - pov thawj thiab zoo proven ntau hom ntawm yug me nyuam. Nws muaj kev tawm dag zog thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, zoo rau thaj chaw kub thiab txias.
Bushes tsis tshua muaj mob, thiab cov noob cov ntaub ntawv tsis degenerate, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev yuav khoom.
Peb kuj tau qhia koj kom tau cov neeg tau ntsib nrog lwm hom ntau yam uas muaj ntau yam kev cog lus:
| Txhawb Nqa | Thaum ntxov maturing | Nruab nrab thaum ntxov |
| Farmer | Bellarosa | Innovator |
| Minerva | Timo | Handsome |
| Kiranda | Caij nplooj ntoos hlav | Asmeskas poj niam |
| Karatop | Arosa | Krone |
| Juvel | Impala | Manifest |
| Meteor | Zorachka | Elizabeth |
| Zhukovsky thaum ntxov | Colette | Vega | Riviera | Kamensky | Tiras |
