Txoj kev tso dag tau tso cai rau koj khaws cia cov khoom noj muaj haus ntawm ntsuab fodder rau ib lub sijhawm ntev. Nyob rau hauv lub caij txias, silage compensates rau tsis muaj succulent pub nyob rau hauv kev noj haus ntawm nyuj. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nws npaj yog ib tug ntev thiab laborious txheej txheem, rau ntau xyoo silage tseem feem nrov succulent fodder. Koj tuaj yeem ntsib cov tswv yim ntawm nws txoj kev npaj los ntawm kev nyeem ntawv rau peb cov khoom.
Dab tsi yog silage
Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm hom succulent pub rau cov tsiaj ua liaj ua teb, uas yog npaj los ntawm ensiling - kev txuag tsis nkag mus rau saum huab cua. Rau qhov kev npaj ntawm silage haum tws ntsuab loj ntawm herbaceous nroj tsuag, keeb kwm thiab industrial pov tseg (bagasse, khob, pulp). Silage yog feem ntau ntxiv rau cov khoom noj ntawm cov nyuj nyob rau lub caij ntuj no.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txhab, uas yog tua tau nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm kev siv tshuab, muaj ib qho khoom noj khoom haus tsis tshua muaj nqi, raws li nws muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm rotted nyom.
Pub nyom nrog silage: lub pros thiab cons
Lub xub ntiag ntawm no pub nyob rau hauv kev noj haus muaj ob peb qhov zoo rau cov tsiaj:
- kho cov txheej txheem ntawm plab zom mov;
- txhawb kev digestibility ntawm lwm yam pub;
- tsub kom cov khoom tsim tau ntawm cov nyuj;
- compensates rau ib tug tsis muaj dej nyob rau hauv kev noj haus.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, xws li kev noj haus muaj peev xwm muaj ntau yam kev phem:
- silage nrog acid acidity muaj peev xwm provoke ib tug txaus ntshai tus kab mob - acidosis;
- khoom qes-zoo (nrog foci pwm thiab rot) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob loj heev rau tus tsiaj lub cev;
- qhov predominance ntawm silage nyob rau hauv lub ration los yog tag nrho kev tso tseg ntawm lwm pub nyob rau hauv nws dej siab ua qhov ua rau rog thiab poob ntawm nyuj productivity.
Ib tug laus nyuj tuaj yeem yuav noj nrog xws li cov kaus poom nroj tsuag. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov zaub mov ntawm cov tsiaj yuav ncav cuag li 60%, thaum lub sij hawm muaj nyob rau hauv kev noj haus ntawm sib npaug ntawm concentrates thiab coarse pub.
Koj puas paub? Cov neeg nyob hauv Africa, Tuam Tshoj, Cov tebchaws Asmesliskas, thiab Asmeskas Khab xeeb tsis haus mis, tsuas yog leej niam xwb. Lawv tsis muaj lub noob rau kev ua tus lactose.Tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws kom zoo thaum pub ib tug nyuj me nyuam, ib tug yuav tsum ua mus rau qhov zoo ntawm cov kaus poom nroj tsuag. Lub pluaj los sis cov pluag tsis zoo yog qhov txwv tsis pub ua kom muab tus nyuj no.
Cov qoob loo yog dab tsi
Tag nrho cov kab lis kev cai rau kev sau qoob loo raug faib ua pab pawg nyob ntawm seb lawv muaj peev xwm tswj hwm. Raws li txoj cai, thaum sau cov khoom noj, cov nroj tsuag uas tsis zoo yog muab sib xyaw nrog cov kab lis kev cai uas yooj yim mus rau qhov txheej txheem no.
Yuav nrhiav paub ntxiv txog cov tsiaj nyeg pub ntxiv.
Zoo
Ib qho yooj yim fermented nroj tsuag muaj xws li:
- taub dag;
- beet saum;
- rapeseed;
- pub watermelons;
- forage cabbage;
- cereal;
- pob kws nyob rau hauv theem ntawm milky-ciaj kom loj hlob.
Phem
Rau cov nyuaj-rau-sau cov nroj tsuag muaj xws li:
- clover;
- alfalfa;
- Vika;
- khaws cia.
Muaj kuj yog ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas tsis ensiled nyob rau hauv huv daim ntawv - qhov no yog qhov saum ntawm melons thiab soybeans.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Mus khaws lub kua txiv nyob rau hauv cov silage loj, ntxiv 20 kg ntawm tws straw rau txhua txhua 100 kg.
Yuav ua li cas ua silage rau nyuj nyob rau tom tsev
Rau qhov kev npaj ntawm silage yuav tsum tov nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas zoo thiab tsis zoo silage. Cov neeg uas tsis zoo sib xws rau hom kab no yuav tsum muab sib xyaw nrog cov teeb pom kev-sawv nruab nrab ntawm qhov ratio ntawm 1: 2 lossis 1: 3. 
Shredding
Qhov loj ntawm lub crushed nroj tsuag ncaj qha nyob ntawm lawv cov av noo. Qhov tsawg dua qhov no, lub me me ntawm daim yuav tsum. High humidity pub txiav cov nroj tsuag rau hauv loj pieces - txog li 12 centimeters. Cov ntaub ntawv ntub, uas muaj cov concentration ntawm carbohydrates, yuav raug piam los ntawm txoj kev nplua.
Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho khoom ua kua tshuaj. Qhov siab tshaj plaws me me rau qhov me me thiab cov paj noob hlis yog 2 mus rau 4 centimeters, rau cov pob kws - los ntawm 1.5 mus rau 12 centimeters (nws yog nyob ntawm seb ntawm cov av noo).
Nyeem ntxiv txog kev pub mis nyuj, cov nyuj, cov khoom noj thiab cov nyuj qhuav.
Silage pit tso
Qhov aub tsiv yog feem ntau puag ncig. Cov phab ntsa yuav tsum plastered nrog av nplaum, raug ciav lossis cemented. Crushed nroj tsuag yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub qhov nyob rau hauv txheej thiab rammed. Tus yuam sij rau txoj kev npaj noj khoom noj yog qhov ua kom tiav ntawm lub qhov taub: nws yuav tsum tau puv nkaus li ntawm 1-2 hnub. 
Compaction tsim zoo tagnrho rau lactic fermentation. Qhov pit yog puv nkaus thiab hermetically them. Nws yog zoo dua los siv ntom polyethylene zaj duab xis rau qhov no. Zaj yeeb yaj kiab yuav tsum muab ntim rau hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub qhov dej kom tsis txhob muaj cov pa oxygen thiab noo noo.
Nws yog qhov zoo yog hais tias ib tug canopy tau ntsia saum toj ntawm lub qhov zeb, uas yuav tiv thaiv nws los ntawm nag lossis daus. On to top ntawm aub tsiv sprinkled nrog ib txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb txog 30 centimeters. Nyeem ntxiv txog kev pub mis nyuj, cov nyuj, cov khoom noj thiab cov nyuj qhuav.
Nws yuav pab tau rau koj kom paub ntau ntxiv txog kev sib sau thiab kev khaws cia ntawm silage.
Los ntawm ntau npaum li cas silage yog npaj rau kev siv
Los npaj qhov no pub rau koj pub tsawg kawg ib hlis. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, tiav lawm khoom nrog ib tug meej ntxhiab thiab yellowish-ntsuab xim yog tag nrho npaj txhij rau kev siv nyob rau hauv ib lub hlis thiab ib nrab. Cov roj hmab zoo muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab tsim tau cov nyuj.
Nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov yuav tsum tau noj haus ntawm cov nyuj, vim hais tias nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam thiab yooj yim digested. Ib qho tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tsum tau them siab rau thaum xaiv qhov noj succulent no yog qhov zoo. 
Qhov khoom noj khoom haus no zoo li tsw zoo li cij sourdough, quav nyab los yog kvass thiab tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov lwj lossis pwm.
Koj puas paub? Ib tug qav cog hauv cov mis thiab mis nyuj haus tsis tshua ua rau qaub qaub vim yog tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj antimicrobial nrog nws cov tawv nqaij qog.Xaiv hom khoom noj rau koj cov tsiaj - txwv tsis pub, kev siv cov silage yuav tsawg, thiab txawm tias lwm yam - nws yuav tsim kev puas tsuaj.
Kev txheeb xyuas los ntawm lub network
