Rovovka dawb, los yog tricholome dawb (Latin lub npe - Tricholoma album), - av agaric Mushroom muaj tsev neeg Ryadovkovye. Dawb ryadovka zoo kawg nkaus "masked" los ntawm lwm hom ntawm nceb. Feem ntau cov neeg pib nceb xaiv cov neeg sawv cev ntawm nceb nceeg hauv lawv qhov baskets. Cov lus nug txog seb puas yuav ua li cas nrog kev dawb tricholy, ntau npaum li cas nws yuav rov qab, thiab seb nws ua kom nkag siab coj nws lub tsev, yuav tham txog nyob hauv tsab xov xwm no.
Kuv noj puas tau
Dawb kab - tsis pom kev, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm cov pab pawg neeg ntawm tsis zoo poisonous nceb. Hauv qee qhov chaw, dawb tricholom kiag li sawv cev tam li ib lub cev lom neeg. Ntawm chav kawm, qhov no yog tsis poisonous tricholom, provoking loj toxication ntawm lub cev, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm xa ntau cov sij hawm mob. Mushroom ua rau tib neeg yooj yim lom - mob plab hnyuv thiab mob plab. 
Intoxication yog kev qaug zog hauv lub cev, qaug zog, txiav hauv plab, xeev siab, ntuav, raws plab, tsis nco qab tau. Cov tsos mob feem ntau tshwm sim li ib los yog ob xuab moos tom qab noj cov nceb noj zaub mov.
Qhov no ntau yam tsis haum rau kev siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus kuj vim yog ntawm lub caustic thiab hlawv saj ntawm pulp, thiab nws lub zog tsis muaj zog tsis txaus ntseeg. Lub stench los ntawm fungus yog li persistent tias nws tsis ploj txawm tom qab ib tug ntev kub kho. Tib yam siv rau qhov tsis kaj siab me ntsis.
Koj puas paub? Thawj puas antibiotic, penicillin, raug tshem tawm ntawm cov kab mob fungus.
Nws zoo li cas
Tsis tas li ntawd peb yuav tau ntsib nrog botanical piav qhia, txawv nta, zoo li cov duab ntawm Tricholoma album. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj no yog tsi ntsees los ntawm qhov loj loj thiab muaj hwjchim ntxiv, kuaj cov kabmob uas luag yuav luag tsis pom. Li ntawd, rau cov dawb tricholoms yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nram qab no tawm sab nraud tsos mob. 
Lub kaus mom
Qhov lub taub ntawm lub hau yuav txawv ntawm 5 mus rau 10 cm (qhov siab tshaj plaws lub cheeb yog 12 cm). Mus kov qhov saum npoo ntawm lub hau yog du, ib txwm qhuav (matte). Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cov qauv, nws yog ib qhov tuab, tuab convex, nrog ib tug fleshy, qhwv ntug. Thaum nws loj tuaj, nws nthuav mus rau ib qho kev sib haum xeeb uas muaj qis dua nrog ib qho npoo npab (ib qho loj loj blunt tubercle feem ntau khaws cia hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub hau).
Yellow-xim av, poplar, liab doog, ntsuab kab yuav noj.
Yog pib dawb dawb, xim ntawm lub hau maj ua dull, grayish. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv qub, lub hau yog them nrog teeb ocher me ntsis, thiab nws cov chaw yog xim daj-xim av los yog xim av. Cov ntaub qhwv tawg yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm qhov txawv ntawm qhov kub, tsis muaj dej tsis muaj, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj - qhov kev kos npe rau ntawm koj tus kheej ua rau nws paub tau lub hnub nyoog ntawm lub fungus. 
Ceg
Cov ceg yog ib qho tseem ceeb, ywj ywj, muaj ib hom cylindrical, ntawm lub hauv paus yog me ntsis stretched. Nws qhov siab yog 5-10 cm, thiab nws cov thickness yog 1-2 cm. Qee lub sij hawm ib tug powdery tsos tshwm nyob rau saum npoo ntawm ceg. Raws li rau xim, nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas ryadovok nws yog zoo li cov xim ntawm lub hau (uas yog, dawb), tab sis dhau sij hawm nws hloov mus rau yellowish-xim av (nyob rau ntawm lub hauv paus, xim yuav tig dub). Tsis tas li ntawd, ob txhais ceg ntawm qub qauv qhuav tawm, harden thiab tawg yooj yim. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom paub txog dawb tricholem los ntawm tus cwj pwm ua cais.
Koj puas paub? Qhov feem ntau cov kim ntau yam ntawm nceb yog truffle. Tus nqi rau 1 kilogram ntawm no ntau yam yog 2500 daus las.
Cov ntaub ntawv
Nyob rau hauv lub hau ntawm fungus, ib tug yuav saib dav dav, nquag, winding paib ntawm txawv lengths. Hymenophore hlob ib tug hniav mus rau ceg, tab sis tib lub sij hawm nws descends me ntsis rau nws. Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas tricholes, cov phiaj yog tab xim dawb, thiab nyob rau hauv overgrown lawv yog me ntsis yellowish. 
Pulp
Lub pulp yog fibrous, fleshy, ntom, dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim. Thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm so, cov xim maj mam dhau mus ua xim laus. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv qub, lub pulp yog yooj yim phua. Ib qho txawv txav ntawm hom tricholomus no yog ib qho peculiar odor, uas tawm suab hauv plab. Qee cov nceb noj piv rau qhov no "tsis hnov ntxhiab" nrog qhov tsis hnov tsw pa lossis qhov tsw phem ntawm cov mildew. Lwm tus taw tes tawm hais tias tus ntxhiab tsis nco lawv ntawm lub aroma tuaj los ntawm radish. Ntshav dawb tricholoms yog ib qho yooj yim rau ntxhiab ua ntej pom kev sib cuag nrog lawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov nqaij tsis muaj ntxhiab tsis tshua zoo, los yog nws tsis muaj zog li tsis muaj zog.
Kawm yuav ua li cas marinate rau lub caij ntuj no.
Spore hmoov
Qhov piav qhia ntawm tricholoms muaj oblong, smooth, dawb spores. Spore hmoov kuj tseem ceeb los ntawm cov xim dawb.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nco ntsoov tias qhov tseeb ntawm Tricholoma album ntawm cov loj loj ntau ntawm cov xim dawb-kob yog tau ntawm qhov chaw sib sau ua ke thiab tsuas yog nrog ib tus neeg paub txog cov nceb. Kev piav qhia thiab cov duab txawm yuav tsis muab ib daim duab ntawm qhov qauv ntawm qhov nceb nceb.
Qhov twg thiab thaum twg hlob
Dawb rowing tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv kev txiav txim siab los yog tov hav zoov, feem ntau hauv cov noog ntoo lossis qhov chaw beech hlob. Tsis tas li ntawd ntau zaus cov tsiaj no pom muaj nyob hauv ib lub koog tsev, nyob ntawm ntug hav zoov, hauv thaj chaw tiaj ua si, ze thaj chaw, thiab hauv meadows, kaj glades thiab lwm qhov chaw qhib cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag. 
Raws li lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, cov kab khiav dawb yog thoob plaws thoob plaws hauv sab av loj. Dawb tricholome prefers acidic xau. Lub fungus feem ntau yog loj hlob nyob rau hauv loj pawg (kab), uas nkaus justifies nws lub npe.
Kev loj hlob lub caij pib nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj. Lub txiaj ntsim ntawm kev nplua nuj yog pom hauv lub lim tiam tas los ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Foul-smelling txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev feem ntau raug hloov tom qab thawj Frost - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub kaum hli ntuj. Vim yog lub dense muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub cev txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov creatures tau sawv rau ib lub sij hawm ntev heev. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua zoo, cov qauv kev vam meej tshaj plaws yuav muaj sia nyob mus txog rau peb lub lis piam uas tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Koj puas paub? Nceb yog cov kab mob uas tsim kev puas tsuaj, lawv qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob tuaj yeem yog qhov ntau tshaj. Lawv ciaj sia nyob rau ntawm ib qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 30 txhiab meters saum toj no hauv av, tuaj yeem nyob rau saum npoo ntawm sulfuric acid, hloov siab mus rau 8 atmospheres thiab siab hluav taws xob. Mushrooms twb txawm pom nyob rau hauv reactor ntawm Chernobyl nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag. Qhov nrhiav tau pom nyob rau hauv 2002. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov uas lawv xav zoo heev. Ntxiv mus, lawv xav tau koob tshuaj kom thiaj li nyob tau (raws li cov nroj tsuag xav tau lub hnub). Nyob rau hauv cov kab txawv ntawm cov fungi, lub melanin compound (ib qho analogue ntawm ib yam khoom tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm ultraviolet radiation) tau kuaj.
Cov nceb noj zoo li cas
Tricholom dawb yog ib qhov kev hloov pauv ntau heev. Qee lub sij hawm nws tsa edible govorushki, thiab nyob rau hauv ib qho unfavorable lub sij hawm, nws muaj peev xwm tig ib ncig ntawm tag nrho nrog ib tug hluas nkauj dawb fungus. 
Dawb mushroom
Nyeem kuj hais txog giant govorushka thiab porcini nceb: hom, khoom, ntxawm rau lub caij ntuj no, Frost.
Tus piav hom yog yooj yim tsis meej pem nrog lwm inedible fungus ntawm Leej kev tsev neeg - tricolomy stinky. Cov xim nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yog me ntsis grayish, cov phiaj yog tsawg, thiab lub ceg yog ntev tshaj li qhov kab dawb. Lub plab hauv plab hnyuv ntawm ntau yam yog neeg pluag nyob hauv hallucinogens, uas tuaj yeem ua rau pom thiab pom kev pom kev hauv tib neeg. 
Tricholoma inamoenum (stinking uake) Cov kab dawb dawb muaj qhov zoo sib xws nrog tricholome grey. Tab sis qhov grey hom hlob feem ntau nyob rau hauv Pine forests, muaj ib lub nplaum nplaum thiab ib tug tsis hnov tsw tsw qab. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm grey ryadovki on ib qho me ntsis daj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub dawb tricholes, raws li peb nco qab, nws hloov liab qab. 
Tricholoma portentosum (gray row) Tsis tas li ntawd, vim yog xim dawb los ntawm kev deb, nws tuaj yeem yuam kev yuam kev rau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm Champignon. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj saib zoo, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj champignon tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov xim ntawm ntau cov xim (ntawm liab dawb rau cov xim av dub), thaum tsaus ntuj tsis peculiar rau daim hlau ntawm Tricholomy. 
Lwm qhov txawv ntawm champignons yog tias tsis muaj rings ntawm ceg lossis ib daim pam hauv qab no. Thiab yog tias koj tsis hnov tsw, koj tuaj yeem xav tias qhov txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv - tsis muaj qhov ntse, qias neeg tsis hnov tsw nyob rau hauv lub pulp ntawm champignon. On qhov tsis tooj, champignons muaj ib qho kev zoo nkauj anise tsw.
Kawm ntxiv txog champignons: cov kev pab thiab kev tsim txom, txoj kev cog qoob loo, technology ntawm cultivation nyob rau hauv tsev, yuav ua li cas kom huv, khov nceb.
Cov dawb trichome los ntawm champignon kuj yog qhov txawv ntawm lub pungent, pungent saj, tab sis nws zoo dua tsis kuaj qhov kev sib txawv ntawm kev xyaum, yog li ntawd raws li tsis txhob ua mob koj tus mob.
Yees duab: dawb kab
Peb cia siab tias qhov kev txheeb xyuas no yuav pab kom koj tsis txhob totaub me ntsis thiab tsis txhob ua yuam kev thaum lub caij xaiv cov nceb. Yuav kom tsis txhob noj Tricholoma album thiab tsis tau noj cov zaub mov, nws tseem zoo dua tsis txhob muab koj tus kheej thiab koj tsev neeg phom sij thiab tsuas cuam tshuam tus dub fungus tawm ntawm koj lub pob tawb.
