Tag nrho cov nroj tsuag ntawm lub tuam tsev ntawm Indo-noob (flowering) raug faib ua pawg thiab muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau cov dioecious los yog mus kuaj cov monoecious. Qhov tsab xov xwm no yuav sib tham txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag dioecious thiab monoecious, yam dioeciousness thiab cov nroj tsuag uas muaj rau cov pab pawg dioecious.
Dab tsi yog dioeciousness
Rau cov pab pawg ntawm dioecious zwm cov ntawv luam uas tau cog lus nrog poj niam los yog txiv neej paj, uas yog, lub pistils thiab stamens tsis tau ua ke rau tib lub paj thiab txawm nyob rau tib lub muaj. Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog no feature, tau tus kheej-pollination yog tag tshem. Cov nroj tsuag tau pollinated xenogamy - ntoo khaub lig-pollination, vim tias cov paj ntoos los ntawm ib qho hnoos qeev yog pauv mus rau lub luam yeeb ntawm lub pistils ntawm lwm cov nroj tsuag.
Yog li, pollination ntawm paj yog ua tau tsuas yog yog muv thiab lwm yam kab uas siv nroj paj ntoos ua tawm ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm pollination. Qhov disadvantage ntawm Cross-pollination yog qhov tseeb tias ib nrab ntawm cov paj tsis tsim noob.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qee cov kws tshawb fawb xav tias xav tias nws tsis yog tsuas yog angiosperm specimens, tab sis kuj tsis yog cov uas tsis muaj paj ntoo, uas tau cog lus nrog txiv neej thiab poj niam generative plab hnyuv siab raum, muaj peev xwm muab faib rau cov poj niam txiv neej ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab yog vim muaj kev sib raug zoo los yog cov sawv cev. Vim li no, cov pawg no feem ntau muaj cov nroj tsuag uas tsis ntim paj rau.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm monoecious nroj tsuag thiab dioecious nroj tsuag?
Monoecious nroj tsuag yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj heterosexual paj on ib tshem me me, Thaum dioecious paj muaj tsuas yog ib tug txiv neej pw ntawm ib tsob nroj. Monoecious pawg feem ntau pollinated nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cua, uas yog, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm huab cua, pollen los ntawm ib lub paj yog pauv mus rau lwm, dioecious nroj tsuag yog pollinated tsuas yog hais tias paj ntoos yog hloov los ntawm ib tug txiv neej paj rau ib tug poj niam los ntawm kab.
Dioecious nroj tsuag muaj nthuav tawm pistachio, poplar, aspen, actinidia, qaub sorrel, figs, hemp, velvet.
Monoecious nroj tsuag yog sawv cev los ntawm walnuts, Echinocystis, hornbeam, quinoa, birch, hazel, pob kws, juniper, taub dag, dib.
Dioecious cov neeg sawv cev
Yuav kom muaj ib lub tswv yim txog cov nroj tsuag dioecious, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xav txog cov lus piav qhia ntawm ib co neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg neeg no.
Actinidia
Actinidia yog ib tug genus ntawm woody lianas, uas muaj 75 hom. Actinidia muaj tshwm sim nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm sab Asia thiab cov Himalayas. Lawv mus rau shrubs, vines, ib tug feature ntawm uas yog qhov ib txwm mus poob nplooj. Lub raum ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tag nrho los yog ib nrab muab zais rau hauv nplooj ntoos nti, cov nplooj yog alternately npaj, nrog ib tug jagged ntug. Paj kuj yuav me me, hais txog 1 cm inch los yog nruab nrab mus rau 3 cm.
Feem ntau cov tsiaj muaj ntxhiab, dawb paj, tej zaum kuj muaj cov kaus mom nrog lub daj lossis xim daj. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog sawv cev los ntawm ib qho kev nyom ntawm paj ntoo, daj-ntsuab los yog teeb xim txiv kab ntxwv nyob hauv xim. Qhov nto npe nrov tshaj plaws yog actinidia delicacy, uas yog paub tag nrho raws li kiwi.
Kawm yuav ua li cas kom hlob actinia nyob rau hauv lub vaj thiab dab tsi tseem ceeb thaj chaw nws muaj.
Actinidia yog cog raws li ib tug nroj tsuag ornamental, feem ntau siv raws li ib cov tshuaj, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm edible ntau yam yog noj.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, actinidia hlob nyob rau hauv sparse forests, qhov twg natural penumbra yog tsim, Yog li ntawd, nws yog ntshaw kom tsim tau tib lub tsev rau lub tsev tsaws. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias actinidia hlob zoo nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam shaded, nws yog zoo dua cog nws on sab hnub ci, vim fruiting tshwm sim tsuas yog nrog lub teeb txaus. Actinidia xav zoo on xau nrog ib tug tsawg ntawm nitrogen thiab phosphorus, tsis zam alkaline xau. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yog me ntsis qaug tshuaj xau. Nws yog ib qho tsis tsim nyog cog cov nroj tsuag ntawm hnyav av nplaum av.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog tias actinidia cog ua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj kabmob, ces nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua ke cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej nroj tsuag hauv ib qho cog - rau txhua txhua 3 qauv nrog poj niam paj yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 1 tus txiv neej sawv cev.
Velvet
Velvet belongs rau deciduous ntoo, nce mus txog 20 mus rau 30 m hauv qhov siab, nrog ib lub cev ntev ntawm 120 cm ntawm lub cev ntawm lub cev ntawm cov ntoo hauv cov hav zoov tau ua kom siab, nyob hauv ib qho chaw cog qoob loo nws yog tus yam ntxwv. Cov nroj tsuag muaj tshauv-grey bark, nrog ib tug zoo nkauj zoo nkauj saib, nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas ntoo bark nrog ib tug silver puv. Lub txheej qis ntawm cov tawv ntoo yog qhov ua los ntawm tus qauv velvety, yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug cork ntau tshaj li 5 cm tuab, lub puab txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj xim daj, ib qho kev ntxhiab. Cov foliage yog nplua nuj ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim, cov nplooj raug teem caij, qhov zoo yog zoo li cov nplooj ntawm tshauv, tab sis nrog narrower daim hlau thiab ib tug yam ntxwv tsis kaj siab.
Cov paj yog qhov me me, tsis muaj pob zeb, muaj qhov sib txawv, tsis muaj lub ntsej muag, muaj cov xim ntsuab, cov paj tau sau rau hauv 12 cm.Kev txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, kheej kheej, dub, ci ntsa iab, tsis zoo los ntawm tsw ntxhiab tsw. Velvet muaj nyob hauv Manchuria, Khabarovsk thaj, Amur thiab Primorye, Tuam Tshoj, Kauslim Teb, Taiwan, Sakhalin, Kuril Islands, Nyiv. Velvet yog ib qho cog qoob loo, raws li qhov tsob ntoo no tau muaj ntev ua ntej lub caij ntuj sov.
Koj puas paub? Cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj xws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov roj hmab, uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau yav dhau los geological eras.
Velvet raws li ib tsob nroj ornamental muaj ntau heev nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab North America, nyiam cog hauv thaj chaw ntawm Central Asia thiab Caucasus. Velvet yog siv rau cov hom phiaj medicinal, nws yog ib tug zoo zib mu nroj. Tsis tas li ntawd, daim tawv bark feem ntau yog siv kom tau daj daj rau dyeing ntau hom ntaub. Ib txheej loj ntawm cork yog siv los ua lub voj tsho rau lub raj mis, siv los ua ib lub tsev siv rau cov ntab, cov khoom noj, cov roj hmab, cov khoom plig. Cork los ntawm ib tsob ntoo yog sib cais yooj yim txaus, tsis tuaj yeem ua mob rau tsob ntoo nws tus kheej. Velvet wood yog ib hom xim zoo nkauj thiab kev sib txuas lus, yog li ntawd nws yog siv rau cov rooj tog zaum thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj.
Thaum xaiv ib qho chaw rau tus tsiaj velvet yuav tsum raug xam tias yog tias tsob ntoo yog ntev-nyob, thiaj li hais tias nws cov keeb kwm tsis ua mob rau cov tuam tsev, tso tsob ntoo kom deb ntawm cov tuam tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog yav tom ntej koj npaj tsim ib yam dab tsi nyob ze ntawm tsob ntoo, sim ua kom txav deb li deb ntawm lub velvet, thiaj li tsis txhob ua mob rau lub hauv paus thiab ua kom puas tsuaj. Tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau muab nrog ntxoov ntxoo, yog li ntawd nws yog zoo dua cog nws nyob rau hauv lub vaj, tsim av rau cog yog cultivated loam, tsis haum rau cog zeb av.
Nyeem kuj dab tsi yog siv Amur velvet.
Drema
Drama yog ib xyoo, biennial, nyob rau hauv qee lub sij hawm perennial, nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 80 cm. Nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog pw tsaug zog, cov nroj tsuag yog cov qee yam ntawm qee qhov sib txawv hauv qhov tsos. Cov me me muaj cov qe nplooj, ncav ib ntev ntawm 10 cm, dhau sij hawm, cov nroj tsuag tuaj rau forked stems nrog paired lanceolate nplooj. Buds mus txog 3 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm inflorescences thiab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub qia, txhua Bud muaj 5 petals, blooms los ntawm lig caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, lub Bloom yog dawb. Dram yog nyob hauv cov teb chaws Europe, hauv thaj Asia thiab hauv North America.
Drema yog qee zaus siv rau cov khoom tu cov khoom, raws li nws muaj ntau tus saponins, uas nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus nrog kev ntxhov siab ua ib daim tawv, resistant npaus. Drema yog tsob nroj txias tsis muaj zog, yog li ntawd, muaj peev xwm ua siab ntev thiab txias hnyav. Tam sim no, cov nyom tsis yog kev coj noj coj ua thiab tsis yog siv hauv kev lag luam.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kev hnav ris tsho yog thaum tau tsaws ntawm cov dej uas tsis muaj dej khov, me ntsis acidic xau, ib qho nroj tsuag tsim ntawm qhuav xuab zeb xau.
Drama hlob nyob rau hauv zoo-zes cov cheeb tsam, tab sis muaj peev xwm zam lub teeb penumbra, yog li nws yog zoo dua cog nws nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam tshav ntuj. Cov nroj tsuag tsis xav tau tshwj xeeb fertile av, hlob zoo on vaj yooj yim vaj teb, tsuas yog tus mob uas tsim nyog yog lub friability ntawm cov av.
Willow
Willow yog ib tug genus ntawm nroj tsuag ntoo, uas muaj txog 550 hom. Cov ntoo loj tuaj mus rau 15 meters ntawm qhov siab, qee zaum muaj cov tsiaj mus txog 40 meters. Qee cov qoob cog qoob rau hauv qaum teb muaj kev nyuab siab, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw hauv cov roob siab pom tias muaj kab tshuam cov noog, nrog rau qhov siab txog li ob peb centimeters. Nyob ntawm hom doow, cov nplooj yuav ua tau tuab, curly, ci ntsuab, los yog tsawg, penetrating grayish-ntsuab los yog grayish-dawb. Cov nplooj yog cov cog, qhov lamina kuj yuav yog dav dav lossis dav nqaim thiab ntev, nrog rau cov tawv nqaij los yog cov npoo tawv, cov pa ci ci.
Ib tus cwj pwm feature ntawm qee cov tsiaj yog qhov muaj cov txaus loj loj, uas tsim feem ntau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas tua. Cov ceg ua ceg, cov ceg ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog nyias nyias, saj zawg zog, nws lub cev tsis muaj zog, cov kab yuav tsaus nti, liab daj. Lub paj ntawm qhov willow yog heev me me, sau nyob rau hauv ntom inflorescences, yog li lawv yog cov yooj yim mus saib. Tom qab flowering, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwm - thawv nrog me me fluffy noob. Willow yog ib qho kev cog thiab hlob nyob nruab nrab ntawm Russia, nyob rau qaum teb Asmeskas, qee cov tsiaj loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub tropics.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog lub nuances ntawm kev loj hlob zoo li no hom ntawm willow li: tag nrho-nplooj, dawb, pob, quaj, tshis, ntsias.
Willow yog siv raws li ib tug zoo nkauj specimen, feem ntau kuj muaj qee lub qoob loo cog qoob loo kom muaj zog xoob av thiab xuab zeb, txij li thaum lub hauv paus ntawm tsob ntoo muaj ntau, tsim los, nrog ntau ceg. Ntoo yog siv rau qhov tsim tawm ntawm cov tais diav thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj. Willow yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas muaj tsob ntoo cog qoob loo; Cov ntoo feem ntau siv los ua khoom siv rau cov khoom siv. Willow nplooj yog nrov nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj raws li ib yam khoom noj khoom haus.
Willow hlob zoo ntawm loam thiab xuab zeb xau, cog tsob ntoo hauv cheeb tsam nrog feem ntau ntawm cov av noo-intensive av, nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam zoo.
Daim duab
Daim duab no yog ib qho cog qoob loo, muaj los ntawm Genus Ficus. Tsob ntoo muaj ib lub teeb gray du bark. Tus nroj tsuag yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj loj, hloov cog multi-lobed los yog sib cais nyuaj nplooj. Sinus nplooj muaj generative tua thiab muaj inflorescences ntawm ob hom - kaprifigi thiab figs. Lub caprifigami yog txiv neej paj, lawv muaj inflorescences me me, figs yog poj niam paj nrog loj inflorescences.
Cov duab yog pollinated los ntawm osam-blastophagous, lawv nqa lub pollen los ntawm tus txiv neej cov ntoo mus rau poj niam. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwm rau ntawm tsob ntoo - figs, sab hauv nrog ntau ntawm cov noob, Sweet thiab muaj kua. Nyob ntawm ntau yam, cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav daj, xiav los yog xiav xiav, feem ntau muaj xim daj xiav.
Koj yuav ntshe yog xav paub yuav ua li cas cog paj ntoo hauv tsev thiab hauv qhov qhib tua, thiab nyeem seb ua li cas thiaj pab tau.
Cov duab ua ntau hauv Mediterranean, Transcaucasia, nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub poob ntawm Kaum Ob Hlis, hauv Central Asia. Feem ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cog kom tau ib qho paj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas yog noj tshiab, qhuav thiab cov kaus poom, lawv nyias muaj nyias delicacy, thiab tseem siv tau rau kev txiav txim thiab ua ib qho khoom noj rau lwm cov khoom noj qab zib. Nyob rau hauv pej xeem cov tshuaj, Fig nplooj yog siv raws li ib tug medicinal raw cov ntaub ntawv.
Nroj tsuag tsob ntoo hauv qhov chaw zoo nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm lub cuab ntxhiab, thiaj li hais tias figs yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm muaj zog cua. Tsob ntoo xaiv cov teeb loams, nrog kev ua pa zoo.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Figs kuj yog cog raws li ib tug houseplant nyob rau hauv lub apartment, nws tsis loj hlob heev, tab sis muaj peev xwm ntawm fruiting.
Cannabis
Hemp yog ib qho khoom noj khoom haus txhua xyoo. Nws yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj ib qho kev qia qia, sib npaug ntawm lub hauv paus, rov qab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus thiab nrog rau tom ntej - nyob rau sab qis. Cov nplooj yog complex, muaj 5-7 nplooj nrog ib tug jagged ntug, lub hauv paus ntawm qia ntawm nplooj yog ntau tshaj rau saum. Cov paj ntawm tsob nroj yog sawv cev los ntawm inflorescences nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib txoj kev loj hlob, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm bivalve nutlets tshwm, muaj ib tug ovate los yog elongated duab, tus los yog ribbed qauv, grey-ntsuab los yog xim av nyob rau hauv cov xim. Cov nroj tsuag yog dav faib thoob ntiaj teb, tuaj yeem loj hlob nyob rau hauv ob qho chaw sov thiab kub siab.
Yav dhau los, cov nroj tsuag tau loj hlob kom thiaj li tau txais cov noob thiab cov roj ntawm nws, thiab cov fibers uas tau siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Hemp kuj tau siv rau cov hom phiaj kho mob, cov tshuaj siv ua si rau hauv nws lub hauv paus. Hemp yuav siv tau los ua kom cov ropes, hlua, cables, khaub ncaws, ntawv thiab xov, raws li cov nroj tsuag muaj muaj zog heev fibers.
Tshawb xyuas seb ib qho kev hemp yog dab tsi thiab ua li cas ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Hemp yog heev xav tau ntawm cov av thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej yuav poob siab, nws tsim nyog los tsim txhua yam tsim nyog. Tus nroj tsuag prefers zoo-zes cov cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub qhib hnub, cov av yuav tsum muaj ib tug ntau ntawm muab kev pab cuam, yuav noo noo-consuming, vim hemp tsis zam drought.
Stinging nettle
Nettle yog ib tug perennial tshuaj ntsuab, nws yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj cov muaj zog keeb kwm thiab nrog ntau ceg me. Nettle tuaj yeem 30 cm mus rau 2 m siab. Muaj ntau cov hlab ntsaws ntawm lub qia thiab nplooj. Lub qia yog grassy, on uas nplooj yog rov qab. Lub lamina yog sawv cev los ntawm daim ntawv ovate-lub plawv-puab lossis lanceolate, txog li 17 cm ntev, thiab mus txog 8 cm dav.
Cov npoo yog npog nrog cov hniav loj. Nyob rau hauv nettle, es ntev inflorescences tsim, uas ntau me me greenish paj yog cog, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub paj thaum lub sij hawm, lub noob tshwm, sawv cev los ntawm qhuav, compressed daj los yog xim av txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Mus txog 22,000 noob tuaj yeem tsim ua ib qhov hnoos qeev. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Europe, Asia, Suav, thiab North America.
Nyeem txog qhov kho thaj chaw ntawm nettle thiab nettle hemp, thiab kawm yuav ua li cas siv nettle raws li ib tug to top hnav khaub ncaws.
Nettle yog ib tsob nroj uas feem ntau noj, raws li nws tau npaj soups, borscht, zaub nyoos. Siv raws li cov tsiaj txhu pub. Nyob rau hauv pej xeem cov tshuaj, nettle nplooj yog siv los npaj infusions thiab decoctions.
Dioecious nettle yog hais txog nroj tsuag maj, Yog li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm loj hlob nyob rau hauv tej av, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov nroj tsuag muaj nyob rau ntawm xau nplua nuj nyob rau hauv nitrogen. Cov nroj tsuag yog lub teeb-hlub, tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm loj hlob zoo nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntxoov ntxoo thiab duab ntxoov ntxoo.
Laurel
Lub genus Laurus yog hais txog cov ntoo thau los yog cov nroj tsuag. Laurel yog ib tsob nroj evergreen uas ncav ib qhov siab txog 15 m, nrog rau xim av tawv nqaij thiab liab qab tua kab. Lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo yog ntom, pyramidal duab. Cov nplooj tuaj yeem cog qoob loo, muaj ib cov ntug kev, khov, yooj yooj yim, tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm 20 cm, 4 cm wide. Cov nplooj muaj qab ntxiag, lawv yog cov qe los ntawm lub plong lanceolate los yog elliptical phaj rau lub hauv paus. Cov xim ntawm foliage yog maub ntsuab rau lub Upper ib feem ntawm nplooj, nyob rau qis - sib dua.
Laurel paj yog sau nyob rau hauv inflorescences umbrellas, yog nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm tus ceg nyob rau hauv ob peb pieces, nyob rau hauv lub nplooj ntoos axils. Lub paj yog seem me me, daj, nws thiaj li tig mus rau hauv xiav txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Laurel hlob nyob rau hauv Mediterranean, Transcaucasia thiab Canary Islands tuaj.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog cov cai rau laurel pheej loj nyob tom tsev, nraum zoov, los ntawm cov noob, thiab ntxiv li cas propagate laurel thiab yam khoom nws muaj.
Laurel yog siv los ua txuj lom, ib qho tseem ceeb roj uas siv rau hauv kev ua noj yog npaj los ntawm nplooj. Tsis tas li ntawd nplooj nplooj ntoos yog khoom noj khoom haus rau kev npaj ntawm ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Laurel yuav zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam zoo, tiam sis muaj peev xwm zam lub teeb penumbra. Cov nroj tsuag tsis xav tau ntawm cov av thiab tolerates drought nquag. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cog cov organic thiab cov pob zeb hauv av chiv hauv cov av ua ntej cog kom cov nroj tsuag tawm zoo dua.
Hiav txwv buckthorn
Lub genus ntawm hiav txwv buckthorn muaj ob hom. Nroj tsuag yog cov nroj tsuag los yog ntoo ntawm 10 cm mus rau 6 m nyob rau hauv qhov siab, qee zaus txog li 15 m. Cov nplooj yog cog alternately, es ntev thiab nqaim, xim ntawm foliage yog ntsuab, lub saum npoo ntawm lub phaj yog them nrog me me grey dots. Цветет облепиха раньше, чем распускаются листья, цветки мелкие, неприметные. На месте цветка появляется костянка, которая состоит из орешка, и цветоложе. Цвет плодов имеет красный или оранжевый оттенок, на ветке они расположены очень густо.Hiav txwv buckthorn hlob nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, Asia, Mongolia, Suav.
Hiav txwv buckthorn txiv hmab txiv ntoo feem ntau siv ua zaub mov, lawv noj nqaij nyoos, haus dej qab zib, dej hiav txwv buckthorn yog siv hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab tshuaj. Tej hom hiav txwv buckthorn yog ornamental nroj tsuag, lawv cog rau kev txhim kho txoj kev qhov chaw los yog tsim kom muaj kev sib tw. Cov nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo yog siv raws li tanning raw cov ntaub ntawv.
Tshaj tawm cov hiav txwv buckthorn ntau yam, txoj cai ntawm cog, yuav ua li cas rau propagate hiav txwv buckthorn thiab thaum twg los sau nws, dab tsi yam ntxwv ntawm hiav txwv buckthorn, thiab seb yuav li cas kom loj hlob Shepherdia, dab tsi nws cov kev pab cuam thiab ua li cas hiav txwv buckthorn kua txiv rau tseem ceeb rau lub cev thiab yuav ua li cas ua rau hiav txwv buckthorn compote.
Lub hiav txwv buckthorn tsaws cheeb tsam yuav tsum zoo zes, tsob ntoo yog tsis ntshai ncaj qha tshav ntuj, prefers teeb nruab nrab xau, tolerates li niaj zaus chiv zoo thiab teb rau lawv nrog ib tug nplua nuj sau.
Mistletoe
Mistletoe belongs rau lub genus ntawm semi-parasitic shrubs, uas yog evergreens. Nws yog tsau rau ntawm cov ceg ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tshaj lub sij hawm nws hlob mus rau hauv ib tug loj ntsuab shrub. Lub turkey cov ceg ntoo tau ntev ntev txog 80 cm, cov nroj tsuag rov qab los yog cov nplooj xuav, uas muaj kev koom tes rau hauv photosynthesis. Dej thiab pob zeb hauv av tshuaj mistletoe tau txais los ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas nws tswm.
Nws blooms heev me me buds, mus txog rau 3 mm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, greenish-daj nyob rau hauv cov xim, ib yellowish los yog reddish txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub paj, yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug cuav berry, nrog nplaum pulp. Nyob hauv cov xwm txheej, muaj txog li 70 hom ntawm mistletoe, uas loj hlob hauv cov subtropics thiab tropics ntawm African teb chaws, nyob rau hauv cov tropics ntawm Asia thiab nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Australia, practically thoob plaws hauv Europe.
Koj puas paub? Mistletoe tau siv ua kom zoo nkauj Christmas kho kom zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv teb chaws Askiv kom txog rau thaum thib ob ib nrab ntawm XIX caug xyoo, thaum lub sij hawm ntawv Askiv pib kho Christmas tsob ntoo, uas tau los ua lub cim ntawm Christmas.
Mistletoe txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov khoom noj rau cov noog. Kuj tsim rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm kua nplaum. Traditional tshuaj muaj extract recipes los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, siv rau ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.
Txij li thaum muaj cov hlab ntub ua rau cov nroj tsuag txaij, nws tsis yog tshwj xeeb zus, cov qauv no tuaj yeem parasitize rau ntawm daim teb, ntoo thooj, ntoo thuv, noog ntoo thiab ntoo.
Aspen
Aspen belongs rau cov tsiaj ntawm deciduous ntoo ntawm genus Poplar. Cov nroj tsuag yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj ib tug kolonovidnogo pob tw, qhov siab - txog li 35 m, lub cheeb - lub moo - 1 m. Tsob ntoo hlob sai heev, tab sis yog prone rau cov kab mob ntawm cov ntoo, yog li lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej tsis ntau tshaj li 90 xyoo. Lub keeb kwm mus tob nyob rau hauv hauv av, abundantly loj hlob ntau meters. Tsob ntoo muaj cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov xim ntsuab lossis xim ntsuab, kab nrib nrog hnub nyoog thiab kev hloov xim kom tsaus nti.
Aspen muaj lwm nplooj ntawv cog lus, lawv cov sawv cev los ntawm cov kab los yog cov plhaub hlais, mus txog 7 cm ntawm qhov ntev, nrog ib tug ntse los yog qis ntxeev, nplooj ntoos tau crested sawv. Lub paj yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm ib tug me me loj, lawv sau nyob rau hauv lub inflorescences ntawm qhwv ntsej, yuav reddish los yog greenish, txog li 15 cm ntev, Bloom tshwm sim ua ntej Bud so. Tom qab flowering, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tas ib lub thawv, lub noob yog them nrog down (hmoov puff), ua tsaug rau lawv hla lub kaum ntawm mais. Aspen tuaj yeem pom nyob ze lub hav zoov thiab tundra, nws hlob nyob tom hav zoov thiab hav zoov-steppe. Muaj ib tsob ntoo nyob hauv Europe, Kazakhstan, Tuam Tshoj, Mongolia, Kauslim teb.
Nyeem kuj ntxiv txog cov khoom noj ntawm aspen thiab nws cov tawv ntoo.
Aspen feem ntau nyiam ua ib tsob ntoo ntoo, landed raws cov hlau, hauv cov chaw ua si hauv nroog. Cov tawv ntoo siv rau tanning tawv, yog ib qhov xim daj thiab ntsuab xim. Tsob ntoo yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws zib mu nroj tsuag. Ntoo yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm vov khoom. Aspen tseem yog siv los ua ib qho khoom noj hauv tshuaj noj, cov tawv ntoo thiab cov nplooj tuaj suav hais tias yog lam.
Aspen yog zoo dua cog nyob rau hauv zoo-zes cov cheeb tsam, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm zam lub teeb penumbra, yog tsis xav tau nyob rau hauv cov av, hlob zoo rau ob qho tib si pluag thiab noj, acidic thiab alkaline xau. Qhov tsuas yog yuav tsum tau rau cov av - nws yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav, xuab zeb, swampy los yog khov. Aspen kuj tsis zoo los ntawm siab av, vim li no cov nta yuav tsum raug xam tias thaum cog.
Asparagus
Asparagus yog ib tug genus ntawm cov nroj tsuag, uas muaj txog 210 tsiaj. Yuav loj hlob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nyom thiab shrubs. Tus nroj tsuag tau zoo-tsim rhizomes, ntseeg tau branched stems. Nyob rau hauv stems muaj ntau lub koob-puab ceg. Asparagus tau qaug zog lawm, cov nplooj me me, sawv cev los ntawm cov tawv nqaij los yog cov khoom me me. Cov nroj tsuag blooms nrog me me buds uas tau sau nyob rau hauv ib qho, thyroid los yog racemose inflorescences.
Lub paj muaj 6 tus nplais, uas muaj nyob hauv ob lub voj voog. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub paj, ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug Berry, uas muaj ib los yog ob peb noob. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo liab los sis txiv kab ntxwv. Asparagus tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm North America, Europe, Central Asia, Australia thiab New Zealand.
Koj puas paub? Asparagus yog ntuj aphrodisiac. Nyob rau hauv ancient Greece, newlyweds hnav wreaths ntawm no cog rau lawv cov taub hau rau cov kev tshwm sim ntawm cov me nyuam tuaj, thiab ntawm Fabkis txoj kev tshoob feasts ntawm lub rooj ntawm newlyweds muaj ib txwm tsawg kawg peb lub tais nrog asparagus.
Asparagus feem ntau siv los ua ib qho zaub uas cog qoob loo muag. Tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws tseem ceeb tua ntawm asparagus officinalis, uas loj hlob tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 20 cm, muaj ib lub-tsis muaj lub taub hau, nyob rau hauv lub xeev no nws yog feem ntau tseem ceeb rau tib neeg noj. Xws li yub boil, nyob kas poom, npaj zaub nyoos thiab kua zaub. Asparagus tua kuj siv hauv tshuaj noj tshuaj, thiab cov essence tau txais los ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog siv los ua kev tsim tawm ntawm kev kho mob hauv homeopathic.
Asparagus yog ib lub noob qoob loo, vim li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv ib qho chaw tsaws zoo heev, thaj chaw yuav tsum tau zoo lit, windless, zoo dua cog rau sab qab teb sab ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tus nroj tsuag prefers kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub teeb Sandy xau nplua nuj nyob rau hauv humus.
Cov khoom noj zoo li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov noob taum loj, cov noob qoob loo, cov noob qoob loo, thiab cov noob qoob loo ua rau lub cev, thiab zoo li cas cov zaub mov qos yaj ywm asparagus taum rau lub caij ntuj no.
Poplar
Poplar belongs rau lub genus ntawm deciduous nquag zuj zus ntoo, uas muaj 95 hom. Tsob ntoo yog mus txog 50 m siab, qee zaum 60 m, nrog ib lub cev muaj zog ntawm ntau tshaj 1 m, lub crown muaj ib qho kheej kheej. Nyob rau xim kasfes-grey los yog maub-grey bark muaj ntau ntau kab nrib pleb. Poplar yog tsi ntsees los ntawm lub hauv paus muaj zog, uas lies nyob rau saum npoo thiab mus ntau meters los ntawm pob tw. Cov nplooj ntawm cov zuj zus raug cog ua ke, cov phiaj yog lanceolate los yog dav oval, nrog mesh venation.
Flowering pib ua ntej Bud so, me me paj yog nyob rau ntawm inflorescences ntawm catkins tias dai los ntawm ceg. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub paj ib lub thawv ntawv - ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj me me noob nrog ntau hairs. Noob yog oblong los yog oblong-ovate, dub los yog dub-xim av. Poplar yog thoob plaws nyob rau qaum teb hemisphere, nyob rau hauv subtropics ntawm Tuam Tshoj, lub cheeb tsam boreal, nyob rau Amelikas, Mexico, East Africa.
Peb pom zoo kom paub tias dab tsi yog ib tug dawb poplar, pyramidal, thiab dab tsi yog dub dub poplar.
Poplar yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj lub teeb dawb ntoo, uas muab nws tus kheej zoo rau kev ua thiab siv ua raw khoom hauv ntawv ntau lawm. Hauv cov hav zoov qes hav uas tsis pom kev yog siv los ua ib yam khoom siv hauv tsev. Lub buds ntawm ib tsob ntoo tuaj yeem yog ib qhov chaw muab tau ib qho tawv ntoo thiab ib qho leafy rau ib qho daj zas. Poplar yog cog raws li ib tsob ntoo ornamental, rau teb garden nyob rau hauv lub nroog, ntxiv rau, tsob ntoo yog ib qho zoo heev me ntsis nroj tsuag.
Poplar tsis xav tau ntawm cov xau thiab muaj peev xwm loj hlob nyob rau txhua hom ntawm av, prefers tshav ntuj chaw. Nws ua rau cov dej ntws thiab theem siab hauv av, tab sis xav tau rau huab cua permeability thiab zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov av, yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv ib qhov chaw rau cog, them nqi rau cov nta no.
Pistachio
Pistachio yog ib hom noob ntawm evergreen lossis deciduous ntoo thiab cov nroj tsuag, uas muaj 20 hom. Cov nroj tsuag muaj ib tug bunk paus system, lub keeb kwm mus dhau lub crown ntawm 30 m thiab ntawm 15 m - nyob rau hauv tob. Tsob ntoo yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj ib tug tuab txheej ntawm tsaus grey bark, nrog ib tug loj lo rau cov tub ntxhais hluas tua. Pistachio nplooj yog pinnate, muaj ib tug ntug qhov ntug, ci iab. Lub paj yog me me, sau rau hauv inflorescences ntawm daj, liab, tsaus liab xim, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm uas tshwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm drupes, haum rau siv.
Tsob ntoo hlob nyob rau hauv Africa, Mediterranean, Asia thiab Central America.
Koj puas paub? Rau thawj lub sij hawm, pistachio seedlings raug xa mus rau Tebchaws Europe los ntawm Syria nyob rau hauv 1 tbsp. n er Roman tus huabtais Vitellius, cov Italians nyiam cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau heev uas pistachios pib muaj siab ntxiv rau ntau cov tais diav.
Vim lub fact tias cov pistachio muaj ib tug tuab thiab muaj zog ntoo, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv lub joinery, nws kuj ua resins los tsim varnishes. Cov nplooj muaj ntau ntawm tannins siv nyob rau hauv tawv ua. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws khoom ntawm pistachio tsob ntoo yog pistachio neeg rau, uas yog suav hais tias muaj nqis thiab muaj txiaj ntsig khoom. Ceev yog noj los ntawm lawv tus kheej los yog siv los npaj ntau yam tais diav.
Pistachio yuav cog rau sierozem, xau xim av. Cov nroj tsuag yog lub teeb-hlub, drought-resistant, hlub xau uas muaj ntau ntawm cov poov hlau. Tsob nroj zoo dua nyob hauv cov av xuab zeb thiab tswj cov kua qaub rau ntawm pH 7.
Tshawb xyuas seb cov pistachios yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg thiab seb lawv puas ua tau teeb meem yog tias noj tsis tau.
Spinach
Spinach yog ib tug genus ntawm herbaceous nroj tsuag uas muaj peb hom. Yog ib xyoos los yog ob xyoos, hlob mus rau ib qhov siab ntawm 50 cm, yuav liab qab, yooj yim los yog branched. Cov nplooj yog teem nyob rau hauv khub, muaj ib tug oval, oblong duab nrog ib tug ntug qhov ntug. Cov nplooj muaj ib tug los yog ntxhib qauv, me me paj, sau nyob rau hauv qhov ntsia hlau-zoo li paniculate inflorescences ntawm daj xim, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm uas spherical txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwm. Spinach hlob nyob rau Iran, Caucasus, Central Asia, Afghanistan raws li ib tug qoob loo qoob loo, tab sis nws tseem cog txhua qhov rau kev cog qoob loo rau qhov ntsuas.
Spinach yog ib qho tseem ceeb cog uas yog noj thiab siv raw, ntxiv rau zaub nyoos, hau, hau, stewed. Nws yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj, raws li nws muaj cov khoom lam thiab txhawb rau kev kho mob ntawm tej yam kab mob.
Nws yuav nthuav qhia txog: cov khoom sib xws ntawm spinach rau lub cev, ntau hom, nws yuav tseem yuav pab tau rau koj kom paub txhua yam txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev loj hlob no nroj tsuag, yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob spinach ntawm lub qhov rais sill tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig thiab dab tsi npaj yuav ua tau los ntawm nws rau lub caij ntuj no.
Spinach yog xav tau nyob rau hauv tsaws qhov chaw, prefers fertile xau, yog li ntawd, nws yog zoo dua cog rau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv enriched nrog cov organic cov teeb meem. Nws hlob zoo on loamy xau, tej zaum yuav loj hlob on Sandy, tab sis nrog rau qhov mob ntawm li niaj zaus watering.
Sorrel qaub
Qaub sorrel yog ib hom ntawm herbaceous nroj ntawm lub genus Sorrel. Cov nroj tsuag muaj ib tug kais, heev luv luv thiab branched paus, tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj ib tug sawv stem, muaj peev xwm ncav cuag ib qhov siab ntawm 1 m. Lub stalk yog nyiaj, ntawm lub hauv paus nrog ib tug liab tinge.
Cov nplooj tuaj ntawm lub hauv paus, lawv ntev, petiolate, muaj ib tug zoo li puag-puag, ib qho khoom ntug thiab ib qho qhia tau hais tias lub plab hlaub, lub phaj tuaj txog ntev ntawm 20 cm, cov nplooj raug teem caij. Lub paj yog cog rau paniculate inflorescences, muaj ib tug liab los yog reddish xim. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm paj tshwm tshwm ntawm cov voos voos voos, dub-xim av, du, ci iab. Cov cog no tshwm sim hauv North America, Asia, Europe, Western Australia.
Sorrel muaj ib tug loj ntau ntawm kho thaj chaw, yog li peb qhia koj mus nyeem li cas kom loj hlob sorrel, tshaj li tseem ceeb sorrel yog qaub thiab yuav ua li cas npaj sorrel rau lub caij ntuj no,
Qaub sorrel yog siv raws li ib tug khoom noj khoom haus, yog li ntawd nws yog cultivated nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm zaub kab lis kev cai. Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm sorrel npaj ntsuab kua zaub, borsch, nplooj yog siv rau canning. Sorrel siv hauv tshuaj noj, cov nplooj thiab kua txiv tuaj yeem kho tau ntau yam kab mob.
Nws yog zoo dua cog sorrel nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo-zes cheeb tsam, nyiam dua nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntxoov ntxoo. Sorrel tsis xav tau nyob rau hauv av, tab sis tseem prefers lub teeb Sandy los yog loamy av, hlob zoo on peat xau. Sorrel prefers kom loj hlob ntawm huab cua-permeable xau nrog tsis tshua muaj dej tso rau hauv av.
Yog li, dioecious nroj tsuag muaj thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb thiab tuaj yeem sawv cev tau los ntawm cov nyom, shrubs, ntoo, thiab vines ntawm ntau thiab tsawg. Lawv yog cov sib txawv kiag li, tab sis lawv koom siab los ntawm ib yam - ntawm ib daim qauv, poj niam thiab txiv neej paj tsis tuaj yeem ua ke. Xws li ib lub feature yuav tsum tau npaum li cas mus rau hauv tus account thaum cog tej nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv thiaj li kom muaj peev xwm ntawm pollination thiab tsim ntawm ovary.
