Thaum pom muaj qhob cij tuaj rau ntawm rooj, ob peb tus neeg yuav zoo siab. Rau cov neeg feem coob, qhov no yog qhov tsis kaj siab, tab sis paub txog tshwm sim. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb ntawm cov pwm dawb, los yog lub nceb mushroom, nws tsis yooj yim li nws pom thaum xub thawj siab. Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj txog 60 hom kab lis kev cai no. Qee leej tau kawm txog kev siv rau hauv lawv txoj haujlwm, tab sis kuj muaj cov neeg txaus ntshai rau kev noj qab haus huv. Uas yog no mysterious mushroom mukor - phooj ywg los yog foe, sim paub nws tawm.
Kev piav qhia
Mukor - Lub fungus ntawm lub genus ntawm puab, tshwm sim rau cov khoom noj, av, organic teeb meem ntawm cov nroj tsuag keeb kwm nyob rau hauv ua txhaum ntawm tej yam kev mob ntawm lawv cov cia. 
Thaum pib theem pib, nws zoo li cov nplaum dawb, yog li nws lub npe thib ob yog pwm dawb.
Koj puas paub? Xyoo 1922 nyob rau tebchaws Iyi, thawj thawj zaug, lub qhov ntxa ntawm Falaus tau nrhiav tau - qhov kev tuag ntawm Tutankhamun. Feem ntau ntawm pab pawg neeg ntawm archaeologists ua hauj lwm hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv tuag nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv tom qab discovery. Lub kaw lus ntawm cov xwm txheej tsis txaus no tau nce mus txog ntawm kev sib ceg uas tau ntes tus vaj ntxwv hauv vaj ntxwv. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1999, German microbiologists nrhiav tau qhov kev tuag loj heev: mummies hauv lub qhov ntxa tau them tshwj xeeb hom pwm, uas, ib zaug hauv tib neeg lub cev los ntawm txoj hlab ntsws, ua rau neeg tuag sai.
Raws li lub colony matures, tsim ntawm sporangia pib ntxiv reproduce lub fungus. Lawv muab muj grayish los yog xim xim, thiab los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm maturation tag blackened.
Mushroom qauv
Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob, cov kws kho mob tau zoo heev. Lub hauv paus ntawm nws - lub mycelium, uas yog ib tug loj branched cell nrog ntau nuclei.
Nrog kev pab ntawm cov xov dawb (khij lub cev) no lub cev yog tsau hauv cov av. Zoo li tiag tiag keeb kwm, cov ceg ceg, dwindling ze rau qhov sawv ntawm mycelium. 
Cov pwm pom rau qhov muag ntawm lub qhov muag yog lub caij npau taws, lub khawm loj hlob los ntawm lub qhov muag me me.
Yog hais tias tus kab mob cab tsis haum, cov plaub hau yuav hle li ob peb cuaj moos ntawm qhov siab. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm maturation ntawm mucor on sporangiophores tshwm sporangia - thawv muaj cov spores rau luam.
Peb qhia koj kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog rau daim ntawv teev cov uas muaj suab thaj thiab tshuaj lom, nws kuj kawm txog kev txhim kho cov nceb noj los ntawm txoj kev nrov.
Yog hais tias nyob rau theem no ntawm kev loj hlob koj saib ntawm ib tug nceb nyob rau hauv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob, ces nws qhov muag yuav zoo ib yam li lub hauv ncoo, nrog rau lub pins. Yog li no, no fungus yog feem ntau hu ua capitate pwm.
Ntawm theem kawg ntawm txoj kev loj hlob hauv qhov hnyav, thiab cov phom suab paj nruas phav phav, npaj siab muab lub neej rau cov tiam tom ntej ntawm fungal colonies, tau khiav raus nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia. Vim yog lawv qhov me me, lawv tsuas pom nrog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb xwb.
Yug me nyuam
Mukor breeds nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev:
- siv kev sib cav. Rau lawv cov cultivation, nws xav tau kev noj haus zoo, sov so, nkag mus rau noo noo thiab cua. Kev sib haum xeeb yog kis ntawm huab cua pawg;
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias kev tsis sib haum tsis muaj hmoo txaus kom nkag tau mus rau hauv lub neej-xis tej yam kev mob, ces rau ib ntev lub sij hawm lawv muaj peev xwm yuav dormant, thaum tuav lawv viability. Thiab thaum twg qhov teeb meem ua ntau qab ntxiag, lawv sai sai germinate, sib sau ib tug tshiab mycelium.
- kev sib deev. Yog hais tias cov av nyob rau hauv uas colonies loj hlob yog tsis muaj peev xwm pub lawv, ces hyphae ntawm txawv mycelium pib converge, txuas nrog lawv cov hau, lub gametangia. Vim tias qhov kev sib koom ua ke no, ib qho kev loj hlob zygote. Tom qab maturation, nws cov plhaub ntiag tawg, tso lub germinal mycelium, uas ua rau cov paangia tshwm sim nrog cov kab mob rau kev sib deev rau kev sib deev. Thiab tsuas yog lawv lub union ua rau cov creation ntawm ib tug tag nrho-fledged zog nceb lub cev.
Lub zog
Hauv ntiaj teb no tsis muaj ib qho chaw twg txawm tias pwm muaj teeb meem. Nws pom ntawm phab ntsa ntawm atomic reactors, ntawm orbital satellites, ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, av thiab pov tseg. Qhov twg yog qhov sov sov, vaum thiab muaj dab tsi los noj, yuav muaj ib lub cev nceb. Thiab nws noj cov zaub mov muaj ntau ntau, tsiag ntawv los ntawm high calorie.
Koj puas paub? Fragile tom ntej glance, lub pwm yuav txov cib, plaster thiab txawm pob zeb ua ke.
Topping lub delicacies daim ntawv qhia yog dawb khob cij, qos yaj ywm, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib. 
Mukor nceb noj dawb ntawm qhob cij Raws li hom zaub mov, pwm yog hu ua saprotrophs - tus kab mob uas nqus tau cov as-ham los ntawm cov kab mob tuag.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Kev kis tus kab mob no tau los ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov kaus hniav lossis lawv nkag mus rau ntawm lub qhov nqaij ntawm daim tawv nqaij raws li qhov kev tiv thaiv txo qis dua.
Kev siv
Ntawm qhov 60 hom ntawm mucor muaj cov tseem ceeb heev rau tib neeg, vim hais tias nrog lawv cov kev pab:
- ua cheese. Rau qhov kev npaj ntawm tofu nrov thiab tempeh, sourdough los ntawm cov hnoos qoob loo, thiab marble thiab xiav cheese yog tsim los ntawm xiav "noble" pwm;
- noj sausage. Xws li delicacies yog raug rau Ltalis thiab Spain, nyob qhov twg muaj tshwj xeeb technologies rau kev ntawm cov nqaij cov khoom. Raws li lawv, sausages yog khaws cia hauv qab daus rau ib lub hlis, qhov uas lawv muaj cov xim dawb lossis lub teeb ntsuab. Tom qab ntawd tshwj xeeb ua cov khoom siv yog nqa tawm, thiab tom qab 3 lub hlis lawv tau npaj siab rau kev siv ntxiv;
- ua qos yaj ywm cawv;
- tau tshuaj. Los ntawm rammannian mucor tsim tshwj xeeb hom tshuaj tua kab mob - ramitsin.
Mucor raws li cheeseTxaus ntshai
Tab sis Mukor tsis yog tsuas yog lig. Ib txhia ntawm nws cov tsiaj tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg muaj mob. Ntawm qhov feem ntau zoo-paub kab mob kev tiv thaiv los ntawm puab yog mucoromicosis. Kev mus rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, lub fungus kis cov hauv nruab nrog cev, ua rau tuag ntawm lub cev. Tsiaj kuj yuav kis tau tus kab mob.
Ntawm 60 hom, tsuas yog tsib teeb ua kev phem rau tib neeg, thiab ntau ntau yog cov tsiaj nyaum heev.
Cov feem nrov siav nceb yog chanterelles, Porcini nceb, russula, nceb, volnushki, blewits, Mokhovikov, nceb, boletus thiab Aspen.
Mukor, los yog dawb pwm, yog lub hauv paus txheej thaum ub uas nthuav sai heev nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tsim nyog cov neeg mob. Qee yam ntawm nws hom yog muab cog rau hauv cov chaw soj ntsuam kom siv tau ntxiv hauv kev ua noj thiab tshuaj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv vaj tse nyob ntawm qhov "decoration" rau ntawm phab ntsa, qhov chaw thiab cov khoom yuav tsum muab pov tseg kom sai li sai tau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.
