Muaj ntau hom fungi - rowing, los yog, raws li lub npe Latin lub npe, tricholom, tau nrov rau nws txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov av saum npoo los ntawm tag nrho cov series ntawm colonies, vim nws tau txais xws npe. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav saib cov lus piav qhia ntawm no fungus, nws cov zaub mov thiab sab nraud, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - cov recipes rau nws marinating.
Tastes thiab yam ntxwv ntawm nceb
Lub cev ntawm lub fungus muaj lub hau thiab ib txhais ceg, uas yog nws muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj hnub nyoog: cov menyuam yaus yuav muaj lub hau khwb ntawm 3 mus rau 20 cm rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub pob, lub khob los yog tswb, thiab ntau tus neeg laus cov neeg sawv cev yog cov cuab yeej thiab cov laim, tucked nyob rau hauv nruab nrab los yog curved sawv. 
Qhov saum npoo ntawm qhov no ntawm lub cev txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ob qho tib si qhuav thiab mucous, ob qho tib si vam meej thiab tag nrho los yog nrog me me. Cov xim ntawm lub cap yog nyob ntawm seb hom thiab yuav ua tau ob qho tib si dawb thiab daj, ntsuab, xim liab lossis xim av hauv ntau ntxoov.
Peb xav kom koj paub ntau ntxiv txog cov txiaj ntsim ntawm cov nceb ntawm cov kab, xws li lawv cov ntau yam, xws li ntsuab hmoov (greenfinch), poplar rowed thiab grey rowted (grasses).
Hymenophore, los yog ryadovki daim hlau - lwm qhov tshwj xeeb feature ntawm no hom: nyob rau hauv ib co lawv nyias thiab nquag, nyob rau hauv lwm tus - nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, ntau fleshy thiab tsawg.
Nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog, lawv cov xim txawv ntawm dawb mus rau xim av, thiab qhov pom dav thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov ntawv yuav txawv ntawm zoo thiab zoo ib yam li khav theeb thiab tsis ncaj.
Caj ntev ntawm 3 mus rau 10 cm yuav ua tau rau hauv ib daim kab sib chaws ncaj, khawm los yog sib thawb nce thiab nqis. 
Raws li lub saj yam ntxwv ntawm edible thiab conditionable edible (cov uas tsis tau noj nqaij nyoos), cov kab yog tsis sib txawv los ntawm lwm yam, feem ntau yog fungi.
Yuav ua li cas koj xav tau: cov khoom siv ua noj thiab cov tais diav
Kom marinate cov nceb yuav xav tau:
- diav;
- ib rab riam;
- lwm yam muaj rau kev npaj ua ntej ntawm cov khoom;
- roj lossis hluav taws xob;
- Cov tais diav lossis cov xim tsis muaj zog rau cov dej kub npau npau thiab kub hnyiab;
- skimmer rau tshem tawm ua npuas dej;
- strainer colander;
- hlau suab sib thiab lub tais rau sterilizing ntim;
- cov kaus mom kws kho mob ua ntej (khib nyiab) thiab kev kaw rau kev ua si;
- tus yuam sij sealer.
Koj puas paub? Matsutake mushroom nyob rau hauv Nyiv yog tib yam li truffle nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe: nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau kim thiab delicious delicacies. Tus nqi ntawm kib rynovok no hom yuav ncav cuag $ 100 xyoo.
Tsim nyog cov khoom xyaw rau daim ntawv qhia
Muaj ntau cov lus pom zoo rau kev npaj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Peb yuav xav txog cov khoom xyaw tsim nyog rau lub ntsiab, haum rau txhua daim ntawv qhia.
Yog li, koj yuav xav tau cov khoom nram qab no:
- nceb - 1.5-2 kg;
- dej - 0.5 l;
- tsis iodized lub rooj ntsev - 1 tbsp. l.
- piam thaj - 2 tbsp. l.
- zaub mov vinegar - 4 tbsp. l.
- qhuav cloves - 3 buds;
- qhuav Bay nplooj - 3 pcs.;
- dub kua txob taum - 10 pcs.
Ntaus ntawm kev xaiv thiab kev npaj khoom
Yuav kom cov hom tau rydovok muaj xws li:
- grey
- lilac-legged;
- ntiajteb;
- Mongolian;
- matsutake;
- gigantic;
- daj-daj;
- crowded
- Tsib
Tus lej ntxeem yog:
- poplar;
- liab doog
- liab daj;
- openkovoid;
- bearded;
- ntsuab
- thuam;
- dawb thiab xim av.
Ob leeg cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab laus zog yog haum rau kev noj mov, yog tias qhov npog ntawm lub hau npog yog khaws cia, nrog rau qhov tsis muaj qhov tsaus nti me ntsis thiab me ntsis ntawm tag nrho lub cev.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv muaj ib qho tsis kaj siab ntxhiab (mealy los yog zoo ib yam li plua plav), nws yog ib qhov muaj nqis tsis kam los ntawm sau rydovok, raws li lawv yog poisonous.
Cov cuab yeej ua ntej cov khoom muaj xws li ntxuav, soaking thiab kub taub hau. Qhov no nceb mushroom yog siv ob qho tib si rau hauv kib, hau, salted, thiab nyob rau hauv pickled daim ntawv.
Lub xeem variant ntawm kev ua ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pub rau koj mus ntev lawv muaj kev ruaj ntseg rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm 6 lub hlis mus rau 8 lub hlis. Hermetically kaw lub khob ntim, tiv thaiv los ntawm tshav ntuj thiab txias (tsis yog siab tshaj 15 ° C, thiab qhov siab ntawm 8-10 ° C) - qhov tseem ceeb rau kev khaws cia pickled ryadovok.
Daim ntawv qhia cov kauj ruam-nrog-kauj ruam nrog cov duab
Qhov kev npaj ntawm cov khoom noj tuaj yeem pib nrog qhov ua tiav ntawm cov khoom thiab xaus nrog kev txuag. Tag nrho cov subtleties ntawm txhua theem peb xav txog hauv qab no.
Mushroom kev npaj
Pib, qhov yuav tsum tau tu ntau tshaj ntawm cov nceb ntawm cov khib nyiab (nplooj, kab, av), xyuas seb muaj cov kab laum loj loj li cas, thiab txiav cov hauv qab ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ceg.
Yog tias muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm av, los pab ua kom huv, cov nceb yuav tau tso rau hauv dej. Yog hais tias nws yog sov, txaus 10-20 feeb, yog hais tias tus kua yog txias, ces nws yuav siv sij hawm los ntawm 1-3 mus rau 10-12 xuab moos. 
So tawm ntawm cov Kab Tej nceb yuav tsum tau muab yaug rau hauv cov dej ntws. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov loj ntawm nceb rau marinating yuav tsum yog txog tib yam, qhov kev puas tsuaj - tsawg li tsawg tau. Cov kab loj yuav tsum muab hlais ua ke.
Tam sim no lawv yuav tsum tau boiled nyob rau hauv maj mam salted dej nrog ib tug me me ntawm citric acid (nyob rau hauv lub ntxeev ntawm lub riam). Qhov tsim nyog thiab txaus lub sij hawm rau boiling nceb yog 20-30 feeb.
Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lawv yuav tsum tau stirred thiab thaum foam tshwm, tshem nws nrog ib tug slotted diav. Tom qab ntawd cov dej tau xau, thiab cov thwj tov raug ntxuav nrog lub taub dej kub kub thiab ntxuav nrog phuam. 
Ua noj marinade
Tom ntej, koj yuav tsum tau noj lub marinade. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov kev xaiv muaj nrog ua ke ntawm:
- vinegar,
- Bay nplooj
- dos,
- dub thiab dawb peppercorns,
- carnations
- fennel,
- parsley
- dill
Tom qab boiling qhov sib tov yog boiled rau txog 15 feeb, ces tus broth yog lim. Tam sim no koj xav tau cov dej no tsis muaj tshuaj ntsuab.Tom qab cov dej qab zib, cov noob qoob qoob thiab cov qoob qoob yuav muab pov rau hauv cov tais diav, ua npuas dej tawm raws li qhov tsim nyog, thiab tsuas yog zaum kawg ntsev, suab thaj thiab kua qaub (ntxiv rau ntawm koj qhov kev pom zoo).
Preservation
Kev npaj cov txheej txheem marinating yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Ntawm no, txoj kev uas siv cov chij ntawm cov kav dej yog tsim kom muaj: rhaub dej hauv lub tais, tom qab ntawd muab ib qho tsuam ntsej muag rau ntawm lub tank, thiab saum nws cov kaus poom (nrog rau xab npum los sis dej qab ntsev).
Peb qhia koj kom paub koj tus kheej nrog rau cov zaub mov rau sterilizing cov kaus poom hauv tsev.
Cov tsev txhab nyiaj yuav tsum ceev cia rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no li 10 mus rau 15 feeb, mam li ntxuav cov hau thiab "boil" rau hauv dej kub li 2 feeb.
Nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub-kho jars yuav tsum tau sau lub washrooms nce, ntxiv qej, dos, ncuav lawv nrog marinade thiab tighten lub hau nrog ib tug stitching tseem ceeb. 
Tag nrho cov kaus poom poom muab tso rau hauv kev tswj ntawm npog thiab qhwv hauv ib daim pam sov sov los yog txaj mus kom txog thaum nws txias tas. Tsuas yog tom qab uas lawv tau pauv mus rau qhov chaw tsaus thiab txias txias cia.
Video: yuav ua li cas ua noj nyob kas poom ryadovki
Yuav ua li cas daig siv lub tshuab ua qeeb qeeb
- Ua ntej-soaked nceb (1 kg) muab tso rau hauv lub tais ntawm lub cav ua khoom noj, npog nrog dej txias (500 ml), nias lub khawm uas hais tias "Ua noj" thiab teem sijhawm - 20 feeb.
- Tom qab lo lus hais kom ua, peb muab cov khoom xyaw rau cov marinade (100 ml ntawm vinegar, 2 teaspoons ntsev, 1 tablespoon suab thaj) thiab rov ua dua qhov "Ua noj" hom rau ib lub sijhawm 10 feeb.
- Tom qab ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los faib cov nceb nyob rau hauv tsev nyiaj, ncuav strain marinade thiab yob li.
Dab tsi yuav ntxiv rau cov nceb
Koj muaj peev xwm diversify cov recipes ntawm pickled kab nrog ntau yam ntxiv cov khoom xyaw:
- Provencal tshuaj ntsuab
- rosemary,
- horseradish
- Ginger
- vinegar,
- citric acid
- currant nplooj,
- txiv qaub tev,
- wine vinegar.
Ginger Recipe
Violet natwm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau daim ntawv qhia no. Koj yuav tsum tau:
- nceb - 2 kg;
- dej - 1 l;
- ntsev - 1.5 tbsp. l.
- piam thaj - 2 tbsp. l.
- vinegar - 2 tsp;
- Grated paus Ginger - 1 tbsp. l tsis muaj qhov kawg;
- dawb thiab kua txob dub - 5 txhu;
- txiv qaub tev - 1 tsp;
- Bay nplooj ntoos - 3 pcs.
Kev ua cov txheej txheem txawv ntawm ib lub hauv paus tsuas yog thaum tom qab npau lub nceb thiab marinade, rhais kab hauv marinade nrog ntxiv ntawm Ginger rau 10 feeb thiab tom qab ntawd yob lawv mus rau hauv lub thawv.
Nyeem ntxiv txog pickling nceb, nrog rau kev kawm tag nrho cov subtleties ntawm pickles, ziab thiab khov nceb.
Mustard daim ntawv qhia
Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum siv:
- nceb - 2 kg;
- dej - 1 l;
- ntsev - 2 tbsp. l.
- piam thaj - 2.5 tbsp. l.
- vinegar - 3 tbsp. l.
- qhuav mustard - 1 tbsp. l.
- dub kua txob - 6 peas;
- Dill umbrellas - 2 pcs.
Pre-peeled nceb yuav tsum tau boiled, ces qhuav, thiab ces pib ua noj lub marinade nrog tag nrho cov khoom xyaw tshwj tsis yog vinegar.
Tom qab dej npau npau, rhaub cov kua rau 10 feeb, ces ncuav nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias kwj ntawm vinegar thiab boil rau lwm feeb. Hloov lub hwj rau lub rhawv zeb, ncuav lub brine mus rau sab saum toj thiab yob lub hau. 
Daim ntawv qhia nrog citric acid
Cov khoom tsim nyog rau daim ntawv qhia no:
- nceb - 2 kg;
- dej - 600 ml;
- citric acid - 1/2 tsp;
- ntsev - 3 tsp, qab zib - 1.5 tbsp. l.
- vinegar - 2 tsp;
- dub kua txob - 13-15 txhu;
- qhuav Bay nplooj thiab cloves - 3 nplooj thiab 3 buds.
Nceb yog boiled nyob rau hauv dej nrog vinegar, ces ntxuav thiab qhuav. Sib tov rau marinade npaj los ntawm citric acid, ntsev, piam thaj, kua txob, Bay nplooj ntoos thiab cloves.
Tom qab boiling rau 10 feeb, lub broth yog lim thiab boiled nrog Ntxiv ntawm nceb rau 7-10 feeb. Lub txheej txheem seaming zoo ib yam li cov yav dhau los. 
Caw Wine Vinegar Recipe
Rau qhov koj yuav tsum tau:
- nceb - 2 kg;
- dej - 1 l;
- ntsev - 1.5 tbsp. l.
- piam thaj - 2 tbsp. l.
- wine vinegar - 150 ml;
- qej - 7 daim hlau;
- dub kua txob - 10 peas;
- rosemary - 1 sprig;
- qhuav Bay nplooj - 3 leaflets.
Nceb nrog qab zib thiab ntsev yog boiled hauv dej rau 15 feeb. Tom qab ntawd tag nrho lwm yam spices, tsuas yog rau vinegar, yog ntxiv, thiab qhov sib tov yog boiled rau lwm 10 feeb tshaj tsawg tshav kub.
Nyeem kuj ntxiv txog txoj kev npaj: zib ntab agaric, roj, mis nyuj nceb, chanterelles thiab dawb nceb rau lub caij ntuj no.
Tsuas yog tom qab no, qhov vinegar yog poured nyob rau hauv thiab broth yog boiled tshaj medium tshav kub rau lwm 10 feeb. Nceb yog sib cais los ntawm tag nrho cov kua dej, qhov tom kawg yog lim thiab khaw dua. Cov theem tom ntej yog muab cov nceb hauv cov rhawv zeb thiab ncuav marinade, ces yob lawv. 
Hais txog cov khoom tseem ceeb
Nceb yog cov khoom noj khoom haus tshwj xeeb, thiab lawv tsis yog qhov kev zam. Vim lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, ntau tshaj li ntawm cov zaub los yog cereals, lawv muaj ib qho khoom loj thiab tsim nyog cov khoom, uas peb xav txog hauv qab no.
Koj puas paub? Qee lub sij hawm cov kab daim ntawv tsis tsuas yog kab, tab sis kuj rings, yog li ntawd hu ua "witch circles". Lawv tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv tib lub tej yam kev mob lub mycelium nthuav dav nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia nrog tib ceev.
Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab zaub mov muaj nqis
Cov nplua nuj tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov kab no nthuav tawm:
- vitamins (nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj ntawm cov nyiaj B),
- cov zaub mov
- amino acids
- ntuj tshuaj tua kab mob
- flavonoids
- polysaccharides
- phenols.
- lwm qhov tseem ceeb cov organic tebchaw.
Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov zaub mov ntawm cov khoom muaj ib tug tsawg calorie (100 g muaj tsuas yog 22 kcal), thiab raws li ib theem siab ntawm proteins thiab carbohydrates:
- cov nqaijrog - 46,19%;
- carbohydrates - 48.73%;
- roj - 5.08%.
Tseem ceeb thaj chaw ntawm nceb
Ntxiv rau nws cov ntsiab lus uas tsis muaj calorie, nws yog ib qho ntxiv rau cov neeg uas muaj kev noj haus, cov kab tsim muaj qhov zoo hauv lub xeev thiab ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov.
Tshawb xyuas seb cov khoom siv tau zoo li cas xws li: qoob loo, cov cheese, shiitake nceb, reishi nceb, dawb heavy truck, npua, pawj, boletus, mis nyuj, nceb nceb, chanterelles, boletus nceb, boletus nceb thiab champignons.
Lawv mob siab koom tes rau hauv daim ntawv rov ntxiv ntawm lub hlwb, thiab tshem tawm ntau cov tshuaj (co toxins thiab slags) ntawm lub cev, thaum muab antioxidant, immunostimulating thiab antibacterial cov teebmeem.
Kev tsim txom thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb
Mob puas siv tau:
- qub edible razdovok - vim lub tsub zuj zuj nyob rau hauv lawv ntawm hnyav atmospheric pa phem;
- mob raws li txoj cai nyob rau hauv lawv daim tawv nqaij;
- poisonous cov neeg sawv cev ntawm hom no.
Ntawm qhov contraindications yog cov hauv qab no:- ib leeg tsis haum thiab kev txhaum fab hnyuv;
- ntws ntev zuj zus ntawm hydrochloric acid hauv plab;
- cov kab mob ntawm cov plab hnyuv loj;
- ua txhaum ntawm contractile muaj nuj nqi, as Well as inflammation ntawm lub gallbladder;
- inflammatory kev nyob rau hauv lub pancreas.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txoj kev tsim txom ntawm cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws, cov nceb noj tau ua rau lom los yog lwm yam kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev.
Yog li, cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov yam ntxwv thiab saj ntawm lub fungus hais txog tus nqi thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no cov khoom noj txom ncauj hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Kev paub txog cov zaub mov tseem ceeb thiab ntxiv rau kev ua cov khoom yuav cia tsis tas yuav txaus siab rau tag nrho cov delicacy ntawm cov zaub mov, tab sis kuj mus ntxiv rau nws ib tug highlight nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tej yam tshwj xeeb cov khoom xyaw.
