Ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus naj npawb ntawm cov nceb (ntau tshaj 100,000) nyob hauv peb cov hav zoov, cov neeg ncej tuaj yeem tuaj yeem ntsib 700 yam nkaus xwb. Kuj ceeb tias, ntau tshaj 400 ntawm lawv yog poisonous. Thiab txawm hais tias "kev yos hav zoov yau" rau cov nceb tsis zoo li kev phom sij ntawm cov tsov thiab cov rhinos, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm hom kab yuav tau thiab tsis muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm muaj teeb meem loj heev.
Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov nceb
Cov co toxins uas muaj nyob hauv cov quav ua txawv txawv: qee qhov qhia tau tias muaj cov nyhuv nyhav (tsis meej ntawm lub plab), lwm tus - hepatonephrotoxic (ua rau lub raum, lub siab). Tej zaum yuav ua mob rau lub plawv, lub hlwb. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, poisonous nceb yuav muab faib ua peb pawg los ntawm hom.: ua kom cov zaub mov lom, ua qhov kev ua txhaum ntawm kev poob siab thiab tuag taus.
Koj puas paub? Huaghauv qab lub me daj ntseg toadstool tua tau plaub tus neeg. Tus Emperor tus poj niam, Claudius, lom nws tus txiv nrog ib lub kua zaub los ntawm ib tug daj ntseg toadstool.
Yuav tuag taus cov nceb suav nrog cov uas muaj:
- Phallotoxin tshuaj lom (cyclopeptides). Tam sim no nyob rau hauv daj ntseg toadstools, toadstools, galerinas, tshwj xeeb hom fungi, umbrellas. Cov tsos mob tsis kaj siab tshwm sim tom qab 6-24 teev, tsawg dua tom qab 48 teev. Ib tug neeg raug kev tsim txom los ntawm ntuav, zawv plab, nqhis dej, qaug dab peg, tso zis heev. Kev tsim txom peb hnub raug hloov los ntawm kev txhim kho uas xaus hauv jaundice; vim li ntawd, tus neeg tau raug tuag los ntawm kev rhuav tshem hauv daim siab. Feem ntau pib nce mushroom confuse daj ntseg toadstools nrog russula, dawb toadstools - nrog champignons.
Nyeem li cas kom paub qhov txawv ntawm daj ntseg toadstool.
- Tshuaj lom ze monomethylhydrazine. Pom nyob rau hauv cov kab thiab lwm cov gelwell tsev neeg ntawm nceb (piv txwv, paddocks). Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim tom qab 6-12 teev, qee zaum tsuas yog tom qab ob peb teev. Mob taub hau, plab, ntuav, kiv taub hau, qaug zog ob peb hnub. Mob plab yog impaired, jaundice tshwm sim. Kev tuag yuav yog. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj lom no yooj yim heev thaum muab dej kub rau 15 feeb (tso dej, yaug, rov rhaub dua - thiab koj tuaj yeem noj).
Cov Txiv Neej Nqaij - Poisons xws li orellanin, cortinarin, grimmaline. Muaj nyob rau hauv kab laug sab web thiab fiber. Tom qab 3-14 hnub tom qab thiab tom qab ntawd, muaj lub qhov ncauj qhuav, ntuav, mob plab, thiab ntau zis. Lub chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum yog kaw. Tshuaj lom neeg tsis tsim nyog rau kev kho mob thiab tuag taus. Poisonous mushrooms tsis tshua muaj kev lom zem nrog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm kab laug sab webs.
- Alkaloid muscarine. Nws yog feem ntau nyob hauv cov phev txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj hmoov av, xws li conical ragged, brick ragged, ragged nrog beetroot, dawb ragged, liab ragged, fibrous layered earthen head, as well as nyob rau hauv cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm ryadovok (talkers). Cov funnels muaj qis dua: puff, lead-white, tiaj nyom, teb. Nyob rau hauv ib tug meager koob cog lus nrog muscarine xim av nceb thiab tsov ntxhuav nce toj. Lus hauv qab tsib feeb (nws tshwm sim hauv plaubcaug), lub qhov muag pom, lub plawv dhia ceev ceev, qhov ua tsis taus pa, ua npaws yuav tshwm, lub ntsej muag uas muaj xim liab, qaub ncaug thiab hws ntau tshaj li qhov. Hais rau cov tuag. Qhov antidote yog atropine. From folk tshuaj pab tshuaj yej nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm tshuaj ntsuab belladonna.
- Lectins (tshwj xeeb co toxins). Qhov no tshuaj yog tsis pov tseg by boiling. Qhia nyob rau hauv npua. Lub caij nyoog pib ntawm qhov pib ntawm indisposition tom qab noj cov nceb yog tsis yooj yim sua kom qhia - muaj cov mob ntawm manifestation nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb xyoos. Muaj mob hauv plab, raws plab, kiv taub hau, kub cev. Tom ntej no yog qhov tsis ua ntawm ob lub raum.
Nyias npua
Cov Txiv Neej Nqaij
Nyias npuaKev cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb xws li nceb noj muaj:
- Poisonous koprin. Qhia tawm hauv cov nceb. Intoxication tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cawv tom qab Mushroom lauj kaub tais diav, txawm tom qab ob hnub. Ntuav, mob plab, raws plab, lub plawv dhia ceev ceev, xim liab thoob plaws lub cev, muaj kev ntshai, kev zoo siab thiab kev thoob. Tom qab qee lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov kev tshwm sim cease, tab sis yuav rov pib nrog ib koob tshiab ntawm dej cawv. Vim li ntawd, dung beetles yog suav hais tias yog kev kho rau kev quav dej quav cawv.
Nceb dung beetles - Ibotenic acid, mycoatropin, muscimol. Muaj nyob rau hauv lub nceb thiab mizen huv si. Tom qab li 30 feeb (qee zaum ob xuab moos) tom qab haus dej ntawm cov tshuaj lom taug kev, muaj ib qho mob siab (muaj txiaj ntsim ntawm kev siv dej cawv), lub plawv dhia thiab tawm hws. Tom qab ob xuab moos, cov tsos mob ploj. Xws li lom yog tsis tuag.
Ntxuav - Poison bufotenin. Pom nyob rau hauv porphyry amanita. Tuav teeb meem yog siv ntau heev; nyob rau hauv me me ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev nyuab siab.
Porphyry Amanita
Nceb dung beetles
Ntxuav
Porphyry AmanitaTxhawm rau ua kom qaug cov zaubmov muaj xws li ncebuas muaj cov tshuaj tsis huv uas ua rau lub plab thiab plab hnyuv mob. Lawv tuaj nyob hauv cov xim dawb-dawb champignons, loaf foams, entolomas. Tom qab 30 feeb (lossis ob xuab moos), ntuav, raws plab, xeev siab, mob taub hau, thiab cov tawv nqaij tshwm sim. Kev tuag yuav raug zam nyob rau feem ntau.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub mus nrhiav kev nceb nyob rau hauv cov chaw ntawm dumping ntawm industrial ntub, ze tsheb nqaj hlau tsheb thiab kev loj, vim yog lub peculiarity ntawm nceb accumulate hnyav hlau. Cov yav tas los tau tsim tib yam lom los ntawm cov tshuaj lom nyob hauv cov nceb.
Poisonous nceb: npe thiab duab
Poisonous mushrooms tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab zoo thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb (nrog rau cov kev zam ntawm Amanita). Yog li ntawd, nws yog txwv tsis pub noj dubious, txawv txawv rau koj lub txiaj ntsim ntawm lub hav zoov. Yuav kom paub txog lawv nyob rau hauv "lub ntsej muag" - ib txoj kev ntseeg siab los tiv thaiv tawm tsam tshuaj lom.
Npua
Tus npua yog nyias.
Alder swine (ua rau lub raum thiab hloov cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov ntshav). 
Alder swine
Xyuas seb qhov sib txawv ntawm cov npua.
Cov nceb
Nws zoo li lub nceb paj dawb, tab sis tsis zoo li nws muaj ib cov mesh dub ntawm ceg thiab liab pores. 
Ntshe grebe
Lawv yog cov feem ntau txaus ntshai thiab feem ntau noj, yog li ntawd lawv tshaj tag nrho lwm yam tsiaj nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov neeg raug. 
Amanita
Amanita liab. 
Amanita panther. 
Amanita dawb. 
Amanita tsw ntxhiab. 
Amanita nceb. 
Royal Amanita. 
Porphyry Amanita. Amanita ci daj. 
Rowing
Rowing poisonous. 
Dawb kab. 
Qhia rau koj tus kheej nrog xws li ntau yam ntawm ryadovok li ryadovaya poplarina thiab ryadovka grey (nceb nceb).
Rowing ntsej muag. 
Tsov rowing. 
Ryadovka nqaij ntses. 
Dabntxwnyoog nceb
Scapular
Dummybird grey-daj. 
Caj npab yog ntev-legged. 
Mossy ntxhuav ua npuas ncauj. 
Nws yuav pab tau rau koj kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kab ua npuas dej los ntawm cov agarics, thiab kuj nyeem seb nws puas tuaj yeem ua kom koj tus kheej nrog rau ib tug Mushroom Mushroom.
Champignon
Yellow champignon. 
Flathead champignon. 
Champignon motley. 
Galerina
Galerina fringed. 
Galerina hav iav. 
Galerina Moss 
Koj puas paub? Nceb tsis tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi mus rau lub ntiaj teb tsiaj, los yog cog rau. Nrhiav kev rau lawv tus kheej cov kev zoo ntawm ob qho tib si, lawv yog ib tug txawv lub nceeg vaj ntawm tej yam me muaj sia.
Tham nrog
Govorushka xim av daj. 
Govorushka whitish. 
Govorushka inverted. 
Golovushka daj ntseg. 
Tham nrog quav 
Hais lus ntsej muag. 
Fibers
Fibers yog ntse. 
Fiber kab. 
Earthen fiber. 
Fibrous zoo sib xws. 
Fibre fiber ntau. 
Fibers torn. 
Fiber ntau. 
Fibers yog tawg. 
Mycena
Mycene yog nplav xeeb. 
Mycena yog liab dawb. 
Kab
Cov kab no zoo tib yam. 
Caij nplooj zeeg. 
Borovik
Boletus zoo nkauj heev. 
Borovik Le Gal. 
Boletus liab doog. 
Boletus liab dawb-liab doog. 
Boletus liab-skinned. 
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog cov hom edible borovik, tseem kawm tau tias yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob mus rau ntawm qhov cuav boletus.
Kaus
Nplai kaus. 
Chestnut kaus. 
Morgan lub kaus. 
Kab laug sab web
Kab laug sab web tsom. 
Web site tshis. 
Cobweb zoo nkauj. 
Web yog lub teeb ntswg. 
Kab laug sab web marsh. 
Kab laug sab lub vas sab yog tub nkeeg. 
Spiderweb ntshav liab. 
Spiderweb pasynkovidny. 
Web yaj yuam. 
Russula
Macra Russula. 
Lepiota
Lepiota poisonous. 
Lepiota zuag. 
Lepiota serrate 
Lepiota scaly. 
Lepiota yog ib qho mob puffy. 
Lepiot Bredisson. 
Entolome
Kabmob yog poisonous. 
Entolomum caij nplooj ntoos hlav. 
Entolomum sau. 
Lub entomoma yog ntaub thaiv npog-tau. 
Horned zoo nkauj
Gebelom
Gebeloma mustard. 
Gebelom nplaum. 
Gebelom muab tsis cuag. 
Gebelom olerablazhivaya. 
Omphalotus
Omphalotus oleaginous. 
Crown strostaria
Leptonia greyish
Hygrocybe conical
Kuj gumfus
Negniyuchnik tsw ntxhiab
Thawj pab rau mushroom lom
Thaum pom cov tsos mob tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau sai li sai tau. Ua ntej nws pom, koj yuav tsum mus pw thiab ua raws li nram no:
- haus dej ib liter thiab ntau dej txias, txias zog cov tshuaj yej;
- npliag lub plab nrog ntuav (ua li no, koj tuaj yeem nias rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm tus nplaig thiab ua rau muaj kev xav tau zoo meej);
- nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj raws plab, siv ib tug laxative (1-2 g ib 1 kg ntawm qhov ceeb thawj);
- noj activated carbon ntsiav tshuaj nyob rau ntawm tus nqi ntawm 0.5-1 g ib 1 kg ntawm qhov ceeb thawj;
- siv lub cua sov rau lub plab thiab rau ob txhais ceg (kom txhim kho cov ntshav).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Preservation of fungi tuaj yeem ua rau tus kab mob botulism vim yog muaj cov kabmob ntawm cov phom coj los ua si hauv cov av.
Nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom ntxuav thiab ntxuav cov nceb los ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm lub ntiaj teb, qhov chaw uas cov kab mob microbial tau khaws cia. Kev kho mob kub hauv tsev yog qaug zog, yog li ntawd cov kab mob nyob twj ywm. Tom qab tsawg kawg 12 teev, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob botulism no tshwm sim. Hauv qhov no, nws kuj yuav tsum tau hu rau tus kws kho mob sai sai, thiab tsis muaj kev kho tus kheej!
Yog li ntawd ib txoj kev kaj siab lug ntawm hav zoov tsis tig mus rau hauv kev puas tsuaj, tu koj tus kheej thiab tsis txhob siv yam uas koj tsis paub nrog. Peb lub thaij duab yees yuav pab tiv thaiv koj ntawm txoj kev xaiv tsis yog.
