Bristles, Mogar Chumiza, nas, setaria - tag nrho cov npe no xa mus rau tib lub chaw Setaria italica, uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam steppe thiab hav zoov-steppe.
Nws muaj cov khoom siv tau zoo, siv hauv kev ua liaj / teb, tsim kev tsim kho thiab tshuaj noj.
Peb kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab cov hau kev loj hlob tuaj.
Botanical piav qhia
Bristle - ib xyoo ntawm tsev neeg ntawm cov cereal. Txoj kev ncaj ncees, tus pas stems loj hlob ib leeg los yog hauv cov khoom noj, ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 20 cm mus rau 1 m. Ib lub hauv paus uas zoo tsim tau cov av mus rau ib qho tob tshaj ib thiab ib nrab ntawm ib nrab thiab ib qhov dav ntawm 30 cm mus rau 80 cm.
Cov nplooj yog ntev, linear-lanceolate, nplooj ntoos dav mus txog rau 15 mm. Lub inflorescence nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tuab lub khob hliav yog them nrog bristles ntawm ntsuab los yog xim doog xim. Qhov ntev ntawm lub inflorescence yog los ntawm 3 mus rau 12 cm Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov nplej ntawm ib lub qe zoo, ib qho nroj tsuag muab txog 7 txhiab noob. Propagated los ntawm cov noob, uas nyob twj ywm siv tau rau 7 xyoo. 
Koj puas paub? Lub npe ntawm cov genus uas cog nroj tsuag, Setaria, tau los ntawm lo lus Latin "seta", uas txhais tau tias "bristle".
Kis
Bristles yog dav faib thoob plaws hauv ib ncig ntawm lub qub USSR, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub chernozem strip. Nws nyiam qhov chaw zoo-humidified nyob ze cov dej thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm dej, nrog txoj kev, nyob rau hauv wastelands. Nyob rau hauv kev kub ntxhov thiab chaw kub thiab muaj xyoob ntoo climatic nyob rau tag nrho cov continents, nws yog suav hais tias ib tug nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv teb ntawm grain cov qoob loo.
Heev nrov thiab zus nyob rau hauv Suav teb.
Tshuaj Kex
Cov nroj tsuag no muaj cov nplua nuj tshuaj lom neeg: micro thiab macronutrients, cov vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, nqaijrog. Nws muaj ntau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, khoom noj muaj fiber ntau, cov roj fatty acids, mono - thiab disaccharides, dej.
Bristles yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv:
- phosphorus,
- poov tshuaj,
- magnesium,
- grey
- calcium,
- los ntawm sodium
- hlau.
Ib pawg nplua nuj ntawm cov vitamins ntawm B (B1, B2, B6, B9), vitamins A, E, beta-carotene thiab ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov vitamin PP ua rau cov nroj tsuag zoo heev.Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb
Vim nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub bristle yog cereal pab tau rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Nws yuav tsum tau noj, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais rau cov neeg tsis noj nqaij. Cov protein, uas yog ib feem ntawm setaria, tsis txawv hauv cov qauv ntawm cov qoob loo protein, tab sis tsis muaj gluten, yog li ntawd nws yooj yim mus zom.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov vitamins ntawm pab pawg neeg B thiab magnesium muaj cov nyhuv lig rau hauv lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv, lub hlwb, txo qhov siab, txo cov qib roj cholesterol. Iron tiv thaiv tsis pom muaj ntshav thiab ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav cov ntshav, calcium ua kom cov pob txha ua rau cov pob txha thiab tiv thaiv mob caj dab.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Amino acid tryptophan nyob rau hauv bristles txo txoj kev ntshaw thiab pab kom poob phaus ntxiv.
Daim ntawv thov
Setaria yog siv hauv tshuaj noj tshuaj, hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab ua ib tsob nroj ornamental hauv kev kos duab. 
Cua thiab noj qab haus huv cereals tau los ntawm cov noob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, on dej thiab mis nyuj, qab zib thiab salty. Lawv yuav muab ntxiv rau ci, thiab los ntawm hmoov nplej - ua noj ua haus. Germinated noob yog heev pab tau, lawv consumed raw. Feem ntau lawv siv los ua npias, wine thiab vinegar.
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntau ntawm bristles yog zus nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj thiab Is Nrias teb. Nws yog dav siv hauv tshuaj oriental tshuaj.
Hauv pej xeem cov tshuaj
Qhov kho thaj chaw ntawm setaria yog siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau cov kab mob nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj txwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Suav.
Cov noob ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj ib qho tshuaj ntsuam uas pab txhawm rau txhim kho txoj haujlwm ntawm txoj hnyuv hauv lub cev, tshem tawm cov kabmob thiab cov xim daj. Ntxiv mus, los ntawm lawv tau txais:
- zoo diuretic rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub excretory system;
- yeeb tshuaj uas ua kom txoj haujlwm ntawm tus po;
- anti-inflammatory thiab antiseptic.
Yuav kom tsim tau lub cev nqaij daim tawv, tus pleev dawb, soapwort, chestnut zib ntab, mis thistle, gentian, barberry, lettuce, avran officinalis yog siv.
Infusions thiab decoctions ntawm rhizomes txhawb zoo ntawm wounds thiab accretion ntawm pob txha thaum lub sij hawm tawg, muaj peev xwm nres los ntshav, pab nrog snakes thiab dev tom, hlawv thiab bruises.Nyob rau hauv sab hnub tuaj folk tshuaj, decoctions thiab infusions of setaria yog siv los txo cov mob hauv rheumatism.
Koj puas paub? Cov miv yog cov zoo nkauj heev ntawm cov miv: yog lawv mob, lawv noj ntsuab nplooj thiab kho lawv.
Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb
Bristles yog zus nyob rau hauv kev kub ntxhov thiab subtropical climates. Nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb, nws yog siv raws li ntsuab fodder, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm quav nyab, silage rau tsiaj txhu. Nws yog tseem zus los ua kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsim zoo - ib qho khoom noj zoo rau ntau yam tsiaj thiab noog.
Qhov no nroj tsuag muaj ntau suab thaj thiab nws yog yooj yim digested. Nws zoo siab yuav tau noj los ntawm cov tsiaj, tom qab uas cov mis nyuj hlab ntawm cov nyuj nce, cov qaib pib nestle zoo dua.
Grain muaj protein ntau thiab yuav siv tsis tau raws li kev pub zaub mov, tab sis kuj yog khoom noj khoom haus rau tib neeg.
Kawm yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob pob kws thiab sorghum rau silage, yuav ua li cas silage pub.
Hauv kev lag luam
Setaria tau pom nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev lag luam cawv. Nws yog siv rau zus npau, caw thiab lwm yam dej cawv. Tsis tas li nyob rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm grain zaub vinegar, poov thiab starch.
Kawm seb yuav ua li cas ua vinegar, cider, limoncello, mint liqueur, mead, cherry kua txiv, raspberry liqueur, plum wine, Rose roseal caw, compote, jam, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab dub currant.
Nyob rau hauv kev kos duab
Hniav zoo nkauj nroj tsuag feem ntau siv nyob hauv kev tsim kom zoo nkauj thaum tsim kom muaj ntau hom ntawv sau. Nws zoo li tom ntej no mus rau ib qho khoom ua si thiab sib haum xeeb ua raws li lub toj siab alpine.
Cov kab paj zoo nkauj thiab nplaum yuav ua tau ib qho khoom plig rau txhua lub pob paj. Feem ntau siv los ua cov paj thaum qhuav tsim paj.
Nyob rau hauv ib tug qhuav bouquet, amaranth, celosia, helihrizum, craspedia, gypsophila, miscanthus, statice, Volzhanka, hearthound, thiab lunaria saib spectacular.
Kev npaj ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv
Tus nroj tsuag blooms nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj-Lub yim hli ntuj, thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm nws yog mowed rau harvesting quav nyab thiab ntsuab loj. Yuav tsum tau muab cov nyom khib nyom kom sai li sai tau thaum cov pob txha pib tshwm, kom khaws tau cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws. Cov ntsuab loj muaj ntau ntawm cov vitamins, micro thiab macro ntsiab, qab zib.
Grains yog harvested thaum pib ntawm Autumn, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm tag nrho ripeness.
Sau qoob
Rau kev sowing, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj tua nroj tsuag, qhov twg yog barley, hom qoob mog, thiab pob kws tau cog hauv lub xyoo dhau los.
Tus nroj tsuag hlub nitrogen thiab potash pob zeb hauv av chiv, nws yog drought-resistant thiab unpretentious, nrog zoo heev tawm los, resistant mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests. Nws hlob zoo on chernozem, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm yuav zus on podzolic thiab Sandy xau.
Av npaj
Tom qab harvesting lub teb, lub teb yuav tsum tau cleared ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tev tawv mus rau qhov tob tob ntawm txog 8 cm, thiab cultivated.
Sowing
Los npaj cov noob rau cog, lawv etched nrog formalin.
Nws yog ua tau rau sow nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv zoo rhuab av. Cov nroj tsuag nce ntawm tus ntsuas kub ntawm 14-15 ° C.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua bristles tsis zam frost.
Nyom noob yog sown mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 2-3 cm, nyob rau hauv qhuav kab nrog ib tug seeding nqi ntawm 20 kg ib 1 his, ces lawv tsav los ntawm ib tug roller.Yog hais tias bristles yog zus rau grain, ces nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv ib tug dav-kab sowing txoj kev nrog ib tug kab spacing ntawm 30-40 cm thiab ib tug seeding nqi ntawm 15 kg ib 1 his.
Kev kho qoob loo
Tshwj xeeb kev kho mob tsis yuav tsum tau sowing, nws yog txaus rau periodically ntxuav cov nroj tsuag thiab loosen cov av. Nws tseem ceeb heev rau fertilize lub qoob loo thaum pib ntawm tillering.
Harvesting
Nyab setaria raug tshem tawm sai li sai tau thaum lub panicles pib muab pov tseg. Tom qab txiav nyom ntawm qhov siab ntawm 6-8 cm, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom sau qoob thib ob tom qab regrowth.
Cov nplej yog lub qes tom qab ripening, thaum lub xim ntawm lub spikelet ua xim av.
Tawm
Ib qho ntawm qhov tseem ceeb zoo ntawm bristle - high tawm los. Nws yog ntau dua li lwm cov cereal txhua xyoo. Qhov nruab nrab, 1.5-2 tons ntawm grain thiab txog 30 tons ntawm ntsuab loj yuav harvested ib hectare.
Li ntawd, peb xav tias qhov tseem ceeb zoo thiab lub Scope ntawm kev siv ntawm ib tug heev pab txhua xyoo nroj tsuag, peb tau kawm txog nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev kho thaj chaw. Bristles tsis yog nyuaj rau loj hlob, qhov no unpretentious nroj tsuag yuav ua tau heev nyob rau hauv kev ua liaj / teb. Nrog nws, koj muaj peev xwm tsim tau zoo nkauj bouquets thiab ua ib lub vaj tsev zoo nkauj nyob ze ntawm lub tsev los yog tsev me.
