Rau cov cheeb tsam sab qaum teb, nws yog feem ntau nyuaj rau nrhiav ntau yam ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo. Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom ua hauj lwm rau kev tshem tawm ntawm cov cua-resistant ntau yam.
Ib qho ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm xws li ua hauj lwm yog lub ntau yam Severyanka liab-cheeked pears, xav txog nws cov lus piav qhia, pros thiab cons.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Ntau xim nyob rau hauv Soviet xaiv tau them mus rau cultivation ntawm ntau yam ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo rau sab qaum teb thaj tsam. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav tshawb fawb nws. Michurin breeder P.N. Yakovlev hla "Klapp Tus Nyiam" thiab "Kopirechku" thiab tau ua ib lub ncuav tiv thaiv kabmob, uas yog thawj lub npe hu ua "Seedling Yakovlev", thiab tom qab ntawd - "Severyanka Yakovlev". Tom qab ntawd lub npe raug txo mus "Severyanka". 
Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntxiv, nws tau hla nrog Krasnoshchekoy. Thiab nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no, "Severyanka liab-cheeked" ntse displaces lwm yam ntau yam los ntawm lub cheeb tsam sab qaum teb. Nyob rau hauv 1998, tuaj rau lub xeev ntau yam xeem.
Koj puas paub? Ib pear muaj 20% ntawm tus nqi txhua hnub ntawm fiber ntau, thiab raws li 10% ntawm cov cai ntawm cov vitamin C thiab 6% ntawm cov potassium.
Tsob ntoo piav qhia
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ib tsob ntoo, uas tau ncav cuag lub xyoo 14 ntawm lub neej, yog hais txog 5-6 mhlob zoo dua hauv qhov dav. Lub pob tw thiab cov ceg ntoo muaj hwjchim heev, lub tsho muaj ib lub zas xim. Crohn nrab ntom thiab pyramidal zoo. Cov nplooj yog medium nyob rau hauv loj, nrog ib tug glossy saum npoo ntawm tsaus ntsuab tsos nqaij daim tawv, nyob rau hauv sawv muaj cloves.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Txheej
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog medium-qhov loj, hnyav kwv yees li 100 g. Cov tev yog qhov sib, yellowish-ntsuab, thiab thaum tag nrho matured nws yog ci daj. Txog ib nrab ntawm cov saum npoo yog them nrog ib tug nplua nuj liab pluaj blush. Lub pulp muaj ib tug tint ntawm Ivory, medium nyob rau hauv ceev, heev muaj kua. Lub saj yog qab zib thiab qaub, tsis muaj qhov kev ntsuam xyuas. Nyob ze ntawm cov tub ntxhais muaj cov pob zeb tawv tawv uas tsis zoo rau kev saj. Pears ntawm no ntau yam muaj txog 9% suab thaj. 
Cov Teeb Kom Ua Raws Cai
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv rau cog seedlings yuav ib lub hnub ci, ci qhov chaw, vim hais tias tus pear yog heev xav tau ntawm teeb. Koj yuav tsum tau teem ib sab rau thaj chaw loj loj rau cog ib lub yub, tsis muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas tsis tau pib.
Cov av uas yuav tsum tau
Yuav tsis muaj kev tshwj xeeb rau cov av, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo uas xaiv cov cheeb tsam uas zoo thiab cov av zoo. Ua ntej cog rau hauv aub tsiv yuav tsum yog peb lub thoob ntawm humus, 200 g ntawm superphosphate. Tom qab, cov av thiab cov ntoo muaj peev xwm fertilized txhua txhua xyoo nrog organic teeb meem, phosphate thiab potash tshuaj. Tsob ntoo tsis zam stagnant noo noo thiab ntau watering.
Nyeem cov lus piav qhia thiab cov peculiarities ntawm kev loj hlob ntau yam ntawm pears: "Kyrgyz Winter", "Verna", "Noyabrskaya", "Zaveya", "Williams Red", "Williams Summer", "Zoo Chernenko", "Allegro", "Abbot Vettel", Bere Bosk, Starkrimson, Just Maria.
Pollination
Lub tsob ntoo blooms thaum ntxov - raws li thaum ntxov raws li lub Plaub Hlis-May flowers tshwm. Tus kheej-fertility ntawm no pear yog tsawg, lub ovary yog tsim nkaus xwb ntawm 30% ntawm paj, yog li nws xav tau pollinators kom tau ib tug zoo sau. Lub "Memory of Yakovlev" ntau yam zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov no. Cov ob hom no raug pom zoo kom muab cog ze rau txhua tus.
Fruiting
Lub fruiting ntawm tsob ntoo ntawm nruab nrab pib nyob rau hauv plaub lub xyoo tom qab cog, yog li ntau yam yog xam skoroplodnym, yog hais txog mus rau hom sib xyaw ntawm fruiting. 
Gestation lub sijhawm
Qhov ntau yam yog thaum ntxov: lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen twb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub yim hli ntuj, txij thaum nws tau bred nws tsim los rau cultivation nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nrog ib tug luv luv lub caij ntuj sov lub sij hawm. Qoob loo sai sai tom qab ripening.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yuav kom ntev lub txee lub neej ntawm pears mus rau ob lub hlis, sau yuav tsum txog ob peb lub lis piam ua ntej tag nrho kom loj hlob.
Tawm
"Northerner red-cheeked" yog suav hais tias yog ib yam zoo heev. Thawj qoob loo yog tawm ntawm 3-4-xyoo-laus seedlings, thiab twb los ntawm ib tug rau-lub xyoo tsob ntoo nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom khaws tawm mus txog 20 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Ib tsob ntoo laus ua 45 mus rau 60 kg ntawm qoob loo. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau dej siab mob, koj muaj peev xwm sau ib centner ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Kev thauj khoom thiab kev cia khoom
Tab sis lub txee lub neej ntawm cov pears yog me me - txog ob lub lim tiam, ces pulp dhau xim av. Khaws rau hauv ib qhov chaw txias, nyiam dua nyob rau hauv ntoo thawv. Tab sis lub txee luv luv ntawm lub neej yog offset los ntawm kev txav mus los kom zoo. 
Kuj tsis zoo rau tej yam mob thiab kab mob
Qhov no ntau yam yog yuav luag tsis raug rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag. Tej zaum yuav tshwm sim xws li kev mob nkeeg:
- kab mob burns - vim khov ntawm nplooj. Tus ntoo uas cuam tshuam yuav tsum raug kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob rau 5 hnub;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo rot - xim av me ntsis tshwm nyob rau ntawm pears, uas nce tshaj li lub sij hawm thiab ua puas lub qoob loo. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tus kab mob no, ntoo yog sprayed nrog Bordeaux sib tov los yog tooj liab chloride;
- Mycoplasma kab mob yog tus kab mob feem ntau txaus ntshai ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo. Muaj cov kab tsuag. Ib tsob ntoo uas tau ua rau zoo li no muaj peev xwm tsis kho, nws yuav tsum tau uprooted.
Ntawm pests, tsuas yog hawthorn npauj npaim yog nyob rau hauv txaus ntshai. Thaum cov kab npauj npaim pom, pear kho nrog Iskra los yog Karbofos.Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tag nrho cov ntoo ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej (hnab looj tes, ua pa nyhav).
Lub caij ntuj no hardiness
Frost tsis kam - Ib qho ntawm cov tseem ceeb distinguishing yam ntxwv ntawm no ntau yam. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv thaum tsuas yog hluas nkauj saplings thaum lub sij hawm luv luv txo hauv kub kom -50 ° C. Thiab nyob ruaj ruaj frosts nrog ib tug kub ntawm txog -42 ° C, tsuas yog hauv av ib feem ntawm cov ntoo tuag. Thiab "Severyanka red-cheeked" muaj peev xwm rov qab sai sai tom qab Frost.
Siv txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Vim nruab nrab cov cwj pwm qog, zoo li lub sijhawm me me, "Severyanka red-cheeked" yog siv los tua tsiaj. Nws ua rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib muaj suab thaj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov kua qaub. Tsis tas li ntawd pears yuav qhuav. 
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Los xaus rau saum toj no, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom pear no.
Tshaj tawm
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo muaj xws li:
- Frost tsis kam;
- tsis kam mus rau ntau yam kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog scab, thiab pests;
- thaum ntxov hlob;
- unpretentiousness;
- high yield.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv ancient Greece, pears raug siv raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm txoj kev mob kev nkeeg. Ntawm hiav txwv txoj kev hla dej, cov Greeks ntim cov pears hauv lawv lub qhov ncauj thiab ua rau dim ntawm seasickness.
Ntseeg
Qhov no pear muaj tsis zoo sab:
- luv txee lub neej ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- Mediocre saj;
- qhov loj me me ntawm pears;
- lub qoob loo sai sai da dej tom qab ripening.
Hnub, pear "Severyanka red-cheeked" yuav luag tsis siv rau ntawm ib qho kev lag luam, txij li thaum xyoo tsis ntev los no ntau lwm lub caij ntuj no-resistant ntau yam nrog ntev ntev txee tau raug bred. Cov ntoo muaj peev xwm pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv pib xyaum ua gardeners. Tab sis qhov no ntau yam yog nquag siv rau yug me nyuam.
