Pears "Just Maria" - khoom plig rau lub ntiaj teb no los ntawm Belarusian breeders.
Nws belongs rau pawg neeg cog lus ntawm ntau yam, thiab yog yuav luag qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom qab zib sawv daws yuav.
Muaj ntau tus neeg hu ua no zoo kawg nkaus cog "Santa Maria" rau unpretentiousness nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas thiab ib tug zoo kawg nkaus sau nrog amazing saj zoo.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Pear "Just Maria" yog ib yam tshiab ntawm Belarusian keeb kwm. Bred hauv 2010 raws li lub hauv paus ntawm lub koom haum rau Fruit Growing los ntawm ib pawg ntawm breeders: MG Myalik, O.A. Yakimovich thiab G.A. Alekseeva. Ntau "Just Maria" yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hla lub ntau yam kev sib tw 6/89 100 thiab roj Ro, uas paub txog nws txoj kev zoo. 
Cov creation ntawm ntau yam "Just Maria" yog preceded los ntawm ib tug ntev xaiv ua hauj lwm. Pib, cov nroj tsuag raug muab tso rau hauv lub thiaj li hu xaiv vaj, nyob qhov twg nyob rau hauv lub thib tsib xyoo lawv muab thawj qoob loo. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau xaiv cov qauv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv lub caij ntuj no hardiness, fruiting thiab zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lawv tus kheej. Cov yeeb yam no tau txiav txim siab hauv kev tsim ntau yam "Cia li Maria." Twb tau nyob rau hauv 2003, nws poob mus rau hauv pawg ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb ntau yam, muaj tsim nws tus kheej raws li ib tug zoo piav qhia.
Pib, ntau yam raug hu Maria, raws li koj yuav xav, nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm nws tus creator thiab ua rau breeder, Maria Grigorievna Myalik. Txawm li cas los, sai sai no hom pears yog modestly renamed "Simply Maria" - lub sij hawm no tom qab lub npe ntawm lub TV series nrov nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd.
Koj puas paub? Ua ntej luam yeeb tshwm rau sab av loj, cov neeg yub los siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pear qhuav.
Tsob ntoo piav qhia
Cov ntoo ntau yam "Cia li Maria" poob nyob rau hauv qhov kev piav qhia raws li ib tug nroj tsuag ntawm medium qhov siab. Lawv ncav cuag peb meters ntawm qhov siab.. Cov pears muaj ib lub yas ntawm qhov nruab nrab thickness txog li ob thiab ib nrab ntawm cov kab suab, qhov pyramidal zoo. 
Tsob ntoo tuaj txog nws qhov siab tshaj 10 xyoo. Cov ceg tau ncaim ntawm lub pob tw ntawm lub kaum ntse ntse sab xis, qhia kom siab. Nplooj muaj ib qho dawb li tsis muaj chipping.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum tsis txhob dhau nqaim. Ua kom tau li no, koj yuav tsum rub tawm qis tshaj tawm thiab txiav tawm rau ib xyoo.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Txheej
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ntau yam "Just Maria" yog loj heev nyob rau hauv loj - txhua pear tau txog li ob puas grams nyob rau hauv qhov ceeb thawj. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj kab sib tov, poom ntim pear-puab zoo nrog ib qho qis thiab tuab qia. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum yog tus thiab smooth, daim tawv nqaij - mos thiab nyias, me ntsis glossy.
Ncav kom loj hlob, pears tau ib tug kub xim thiab cov lus qhia subcutaneous ntsiab lus ntawm ntsuab. Raws li ripening txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog them nrog ib tug ntxim hlub blush. Cov nqaij yog daj ntseg daj, nruab nrab-grained thiab tsis heev ntom. 
Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau sab nraud lus piav qhia, yuav tsum ua los ntawm exceptional saj zoo ntawm lub "Just Maria" ntau yam. Nws yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm nplua nuj ntxhee, juiciness thiab nplua nuj aroma. Tesh muab tsub rau "Simply Maria" ntau yam nrog ib qho kwv yees ntawm 4.8 ntawm tsib-point scale nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm saj cov yam ntxwv. Cov txheej txheem qab zib hauv cov pears no nce mus txog 80%.
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias "Just Maria" yog tuaj yeem tsim cov qoob loo nrog tus yam khoom zoo, txawm tias muaj kev kub ntxhov los sis kev nyuab siab.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv Suav teb, pear ntoo yog suav hais tias yog lub cim ntawm kev tsis txawj tuag. Thiab pom no cog tawg los yog tuag yog ib tug phem npog.
Cov Teeb Kom Ua Raws Cai
"Just Mary", zoo li ntau lwm pears, yog ib tsob nroj heev thermophilic thiab kuj xav sov so. Yuav kom txaus siab cov kev xav tau, cov ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yuav tsum tau cog rau ntawm qhov chaw, qhib qhov chaw. Txawm tias ntau lub teeb thiab cua sov tuaj yeem muab los ntawm cog cov nroj tsuag ntawm sab qab teb lossis sab qab teb sab hnub poob ntawm lub vaj. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias tag nrho cov kev xav tau no, "Just Maria" yog hais txog txiv hmab txiv ntoo nroj tsuag uas yoojyim rau me ntsis shading. 
Cov av uas yuav tsum tau
Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lub pear "Just Maria" nyiam noo noo thiab yuav tsum tau niaj zaus watering, nws muaj cuab kav ua puas muaj cov dej hauv av. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los coj mus rau hauv tus account hais tias lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ze rau qhov chaw uas cov ntoo yuav cog. Cov av nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau nruab nrab, yooj yim aerated.
"Cia li Maria" yog muaj peev xwm zam cov excessively los yog insufficiently acidic av. Tab sis tib lub sij hawm, nws yog rhiab heev rau alkaline tshua. Raws li ib tug fertilizer, ntau yam "Just Maria" teb zoo mus rau nitrogen, phosphorus thiab poov tshuaj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias tus mob rau cov nroj tsuag loj zuj zus tawm ntau thiab tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas yuav ua tau li cas, grafts tau muab coj los rau ntawm lub cev pob txha los yog shtammer.
Pollination
Feem ntau ntawm pear nroj tsuag yog cov khoom tsim. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv tsis txawj thim lawv tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, koj tsis tuaj yeem nug lo lus nug "Yog pear ntawm tus kheej-fruited" Just Maria "?".
Tau kawg tsis. Qhov teeb meem no muaj peev xwm daws tau yog hais tias pollinators ntawm lwm yam ntau yam yog cog tom ntej mus rau pears rau Cross-pollination. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov kev sib tw ntawm lub sij hawm flowering. Xws li ntau yam li Dushes thiab Koschia zoo haum. Qhov zoo tshaj yog lub cim xeeb Yakovlev.
Koj puas paub? Cov Greeks qub siv pears li kev kho rau seasickness. Thiab lawv kuj coj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj kua qab zib ua khoom plig rau lawv cov vajtswv.
Fruiting
Qhov no ntau yam pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv peb los yog plaub lub xyoo tom qab cog. Lub caij sau qoob yuav pib thaum Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj-Kaum Ib Hlis Txawm li ntawd los, ib qho ntawm tshwj xeeb cov yam ntxwv ntawm no ntau yam yog tias txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tsis txhob tag nrho paub tab. Qhov no yuav ua rau kom ntev npaum li lawv cia. Ua rau qib "Ua ntej Maria" yog hais txog hom sib xyaw.
Tawm
Kev tsim tau ntau yam "Just Maria" yog qhov tseem ceeb nruab nrab ntawm pear nroj tsuag. Nrog rau kev saib xyuas zoo thiab dej siab zoo los ntawm ib tsob ntoo koj tuaj yeem tau txais mus txog plaub caug kilograms ntawm delicious Sweet pears. 
Thaum xaiv cov nroj tsuag ntawm lub vaj, kom koj tus kheej nrog lub peculiarities ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm pears nyob rau hauv nco ntawm Yakovlev, Forest Beauty, Duchess, Ussurian, Talgar Beauty, Bergamot, Lada, Chizhovskaya, Century, Hera, Tenderness, Petrovskaya, Krasulya.
Kev thauj khoom thiab kev cia khoom
Raws li hais saum toj no, tsuas yog Maria pears raug tua ua ntej lawv ncav cuag kom tag nrho loj hlob. Nws tshwm sim vim hais tias Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ib qho muag heev thiab yuav raug rau txhua yam kev puas tsuaj. Qhov no yog vim lub juiciness ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lub softness ntawm lawv cov tawv nqaij. Tias yog vim li cas lawv yuav tsum tau sab laug mus rau ripen nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev txias, yog li extending tau siv cov khoom. Tsheb thauj mus los kuj yuav tsum tau nqa tawm thaum pears tseem tsis tau txais lawv cov kev mob nkeeg thiab qhov tsis taus.
Kab Mob thiab Kab Tsuag Kab Tsuag
Ua ntej tshaj, ntau yam "Yog Maria" piav txog nws txoj kev tsis haum rau cov kab mob xws li septoriosis, kab xaum thiab kab mob khees xaws.
Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsis txhais hais tias cov nroj tsuag tsis tau prophylaxis. Tag nrho cov kab mob no muaj ib hom mob fungal. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kab mob xws li feem ntau poob nplooj, nyob rau hauv uas muaj fungal spores. 
Qhov no rov qab nco txog qhov xav tau kom muaj kev txiav txim siab thiab tu hauv lub vaj thiab hauv daim duab ntawm nws. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov kab mob no thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua cov ntoo nrog fungicides, tuav qhov chaw tu cev thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov tawv ntoo.
Nyob rau hauv Autumn, nas tau ua lub Kab Tsuag rau vaj ntoo. Nws yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm lawv lub cev ntoo. Ua li no, nws tuaj yeem muab qhwv rau hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv, tab sis nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas lawv cia oxygen ntws mus rau cov nroj tsuag. Koj tuaj yeem nruab nruab cylindrical ntseej nyob ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo.
Ntawm cov pests ntawm ib tug pear, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg aphid, nplooj ntoos-worm, hawthorn, gall midge, sawflies, mites, moths, tstern-eaters, scale kab.
Drought tolerance
Pear "Just Mary" yuav tsum tsis yog li ntau li niaj zaus, ntau npaum li cas watering. Lawv txom nyem drought tsis zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, thaum lawv tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ya raws. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau tus nroj tsuag ntawm qhuav tawm, watering yog yuav tsum tau plaub los yog tsib zaug ib lub caij. Thiab qhov no yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog cov tub ntxhais hluas, tab sis kuj muaj cov laus neeg. Txhua tus nroj tsuag yuav siv li ntawm peb caug liters ntawm kua. Tom qab txhua qhov dej, qhov av nyob ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum raug tawm mus. 
Lub caij ntuj no hardiness
"Cia li Maria" muaj cua txias tuaj. Cov ntoo muaj peev xwm ua kom zoo txaus txawm tias tom qab lub ntuj khov rau lub caij ntuj no. Nws tseem ua rau kom sov kub los ntawm rho tawm mus ntxiv rau hauv cov caij nyoog hloov. Li ntawd, peb yuav siv tau hais tias lub caij ntuj no hardiness yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab zoo cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam "Just Maria".
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum grafting on quince "Cia li maria" poob nws cov khoom-frost-resistant.
Siv txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Pears "Just Maria" yog cov khoom noj qab zib zoo tshaj plaws. Ntxiv nrog rau noj nqaij nyoos, lub saj ntawm no hom yog tseem zoo kawg nkaus khaws cai thaum kub ua. Yog li ntawd, "Simply Maria" kuj yog tsim rau kev txiav txim siab jam, siv nyob rau hauv ci thiab lwm yam lauj kaub tais diav, zoo li kev ua compote. 
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Summing up, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab tag nrho cov pros thiab cons ntawm ntau "Just Maria".
Tshaj tawm
- zoo heev saj;
- tsis kam mus rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm fungal kab mob;
- Frost tsis kam;
- ceev ceev ripening kom txog thaum fruiting;
- compact me me ntawm tsob ntoo;
- cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj.
Ntseeg
- nruab nrab yields ntu rau lwm yam;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo li yuav thim nrog nce qoob loo tagnrho.
