Grapes "Century" tsis ntev dhau los ua nto moo nyob rau hauv lub CIS, tab sis twb tau tswj kom muaj kev hlub ntawm ntau gardeners.
Xav txog qhov kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam, paub tias nws xav tau kev pab tu thiab nws tau txais nws qhov koob meej.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Lub txiv hmab, lub npe hu ua "Century", yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev hla ntawm ob hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo - "Kub" thiab "Q25-6". Thawj cov kev sim pib tau pib thaum xyoo 1966 hauv Kalifonias, Tebchaws USA. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntau yam ntev li ntev li kaum-plaub xyoo, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1980 ntau yam tau nkag mus rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe ntawm ntau yam ntawm America. Nyob rau hauv CIS, cov ntau yam tshwm sim tom qab 2010 thiab tau los ua ntau heev.
Koj puas paub? Lub npe ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam hauv lub suab qub zoo li "Centennail Seedless". Txhais, nws suab zoo li "noob tsis xyoo" thiab qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txiv hmab - muaj cov tsis muaj noob nyob hauv nws. Yog li ntawd, nws yog kishmish siv los ua siab zoo raisins.Feem ntau cov yuav, ib lub patent rau ib tug ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau expired, uas yog vim li cas lub raisin raug suav hais tias yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsim rau cultivation thiab nyob rau hauv tsev. Yog li, tsis tsuas yog kev paub txog growers, tab sis kuj pib gardeners thiab cov tswv yuav nco ntsoov cov qhabnias ntawm ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm on yug me nyuam ntau.
Kev piav qhia thiab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb
Kishmish belongs rau ntau yam uas ripen thaum ntxov txaus. Lub Cuaj Ntseg muab txiv hmab txiv ntoo li thaj tsam li ob rau peb xyoos tom qab dej hiav txwv. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm ripening, cov qoob loo yuav muab tau 140 hnub tom qab lub caij loj hlob. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm ntau yam yog qhov tsis tuaj ntawm cov noob nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhov no seedless grape. 
Tus sau yuav pleasantly ras twg gardener. Qhov nyhav ntawm cov txiv hmab yuav ncav cuag 1.5-2 kg, thiab qhov tsawg tshaj plaws yuav tsum kwv yees li 700 g. Cov txiv hmab muaj lub neej ntev thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis sib xyaw los yog lwj, tab sis nws yog qhov pom zoo kom sau qoob loo.
Lub berries lawv tus kheej ncav tes taw hnyav li txog li 10 g, thiab ib qho nruab nrab ntawm 5-7 g, uas yog ib tug heev siab rau seedless ntau yam. Lawv cov duab yog oblong, oval. Thaum ripe, lub raisins hloov xim ntawm ntsuab mus rau yellowish-golden.
Koj puas paub? Kev paub txog cov kab sib tw winegrowers hais tias ntxiv rau qhov nutmeg saj nyob rau hauv ntau yam "Xyoo" muaj ib qho kov ntawm tshuaj yej sawv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm yam flavours uas nyob ntawm seb cov av uas lub txiv hmab loj hlob tuaj.Berries tau noj nrog daim tawv nqaij - nws yog nyias thiab tsis muaj ib tug qhia tau saj, thiab cov nqaij muaj ib tug Uniform, moderately ntom qauv. Koj tseem tuaj yeem xav tias lub raisin muaj ib lub qhov muag nutmeg flavour.
Differs raisins thiab saj. Nws tsis yog sugary, tab sis moderately qab zib, txawm tias qhov tseeb hais tias qab zib cov ntsiab lus ntawm berries yog tsis muaj siab tshaj 15% (ib co ntau yam yog zus nrog ib tug qab zib cov ntsiab lus ntawm 20% los sis ntau tshaj, tab sis lawv yog cov tsawg dua nyob rau hauv kev thov thiab zus tshwj xeeb los mus yuam).Lub acidity ntawm ntau yam yog tsuas yog li 5%, uas yog vim li cas lub saj buds perceive lub Berry raws li moderately Sweet.
Xyuas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo xws li "Veliant", "Krasnothop Zolotovsky", "Arochny", "Riesling", "Nco txog tus kws phais", "Gourmet", "Elegant", "Tason", "In Memory of Dombkovskaya", "Julian" "Cabernet Sauvignon", "Chardonnay", "Transformation"."Xyoo pua" tab tom loj hlob sai, yog li ntawd yog tias koj tsis muaj chaw ntau rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau cov nroj tsuag seedlings - qhov no koj yuav txuag tau qhov chaw.
Tab sis grapes zus los ntawm luv cuttings, hlob ntau zaus muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm cog, tua ntawm grapes tau loj hlob mus txog ob peb meters. Qhov ntau yam ntawm raisins yog tseem heev resistant rau Frost - txog-20-25 ° C. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Centenary" ntawm nruab nrab lub Cuaj Hlis mus txog rau thaum txias heev, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb.
Tej kev mob loj hlob
Txawm tias muaj qhov tseeb tias qhov ntau yam yog frost-resistant, nws yog ntshaw kom cog grapes nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb. "Lub xyoo pua" hlob zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws nrog sov winters. Nyob rau hauv tsev, nws yuav tsum faib lub cuab yeej ua kom deb li deb ntawm sab qab teb ntawm lub tsev los yog laj kab.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm tsis cog grapes on sab hnub tuaj los yog sab qaum teb ib feem. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, cov nroj tsuag muaj khov muaj. Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws yog sab qab teb. Muaj, cov txiv hmab yuav dhau zoo zoo thiab yuav tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua siab phem.Yog tias koj tsis pom muaj ib yam li qhov no, ces nws tau pom zoo kom cog cov txiv hmab hauv qhov tob ntawm ib nrab ntawm ib lub 'meter'.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tias cov nroj tsuag muaj txaus qhov chaw, raws li qhov no ntau yam hlob sai sai. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub txiv hmab yog tsis shaded. 
Rau kev loj hlob, nws yuav tsum muaj lub hnub ci, thiab thaum lub sij hawm ripening ntawm berries nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj kom muaj kev txaus siab rau sau tag nrho.
Yuav ua li cas cog grapes
Ntawm chav kawm, ib qho ntawm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws teeb meem yog cog grapes.
Nws nyob ntawm nws, txawm tias nws yuav loj hlob zoo li qub, yuav tsum ua rau hauv paus, yog li no, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom zoo tshaj plaws thiaj li yuav muab cov nroj tsuag nrog rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev loj hlob, thiab muab koj tus kheej lub sijhawm los ua kev zoo siab tom qab zoo.
Xaiv ntawm seedlings
Qhov thib ib tshaj plaws peb them sai sai yog, ntawm chav kawm, seedlings. Nws nyob ntawm seb lawv yuav cog li cas - txawm tias nws yuav muaj zog txaus, txawm tias nws tuaj yeem tsim tau. Winegrowers muab cov saplings kom zoo. 
Muaj kev xaiv ntsej muag, thawj zaug thiab qib thib ob, thiab qib qis.
Xav txog txhua hom ntawm cov tsiaj no, yog li koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab rau qhov tsim nyog rau koj tshaj plaws ntawm tus yam ntxwv thiab tus nqi thiab tsis pub tawm ntawm tsis muaj grapes.
Qhov txawv ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb yog cov uas muaj plaub los sis ntau tshaj cov hauv paus hniav, thiab cov thickness ntawm txhua tus yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 2 hli, thiab qhov kev kho yuav tsum saib zoo li niaj hnub. Txoj kev loj hlob zoo yuav tsum muaj ntev li ntawm 25 cm (yam tsawg kawg), thiab lub thickness ntawm lawv pib yog kwv yees li 5 hli.
Thawj ntau yam yog qhov txawv ntawm plaub los yog ntau tshaj cov hauv paus hniav, thiab cov tsiaj muaj kabmob, tab sis cov noob ntawm qib thib ib muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseeb tias tsawg kawg ob ntawm lawv yuav tsum yog 2 hli tuab. Cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum muaj nyob ntawm kwv yees li sib npaug ntawm txhua lwm yam. 
Tua nyob rau hauv hom no yuav tsum muaj ntau tshaj ib qho, thiab tsawg kawg yuav tsum yog 20 cm ntev.
Qeb ob yog qhov ua tsis zoo rau tus yam ntxwv ua ntej. Tej yam yuav tsum ua rau nws tsawg dua: tsawg kawg yog ob lub hauv paus pib ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab peb lub pob caus txhim kho kev loj hlob.
Non-conforming seedlings yog cov neeg uas nws loj hlob yog heev zog los yog tsis tseem matured tsis tau. Xws li seedlings muas yog tsis pom zoo.
Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau lawv tawm mus rau kev rhuav los yog kom tshem tawm ntawm lawv, vim lawv yog cov tsis muaj teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog koj tuaj yeem tsis muaj dab tsi los ntawm ib qho kev sapling sapling, koj cia li pov tseg lub sijhawm thiab lub zog.
Sij hawm thiab npaj tswv yim
Qhov feem ntau cov caij nyoog zoo rau cog grapes yog Autumn los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav. 
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cog yog tsim nyog suav hais tias yog kev xaiv ntawm ib tug tsim av. Nws nyob ntawm nws li cas nrees lub seedling yuav noj paus, dab tsi zoo ntawm nws yuav tau txais nyob rau hauv thiaj li ua kom lub seedling lub qub txoj kev loj hlob.
Ua ntej cog cov txiv hmab "Xyoo" nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npaj hauv av. Nws yuav tsum yog txaus txaus ntawm noo noo, thiab cov av yuav tsum "zaum." Qhov no yuav txhawb zoo rooting ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias koj npaj kom cog grapes nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ces nws yog zoo dua los npaj lub pits nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, thiab vice versa.Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tias cov av muaj dej-cua tsoom fwv, thiab tseem muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov kev pabcuam cov zaub mov thiab kab kawm uas yuav zoo rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Lub tob ntawm uas lub seedlings yuav tsum tau muab tso rau nyob ncaj qha rau ntawm yuav ua li cas lub teeb los yog hnyav cov av yog. Yog li, lub qhov nyob rau thaj chaw qaug zog yuav yog 40 square meters. thiab nws qhov tob yuav tsis tsawg dua li 60 cm Ntawm qhov av hnyav hnyav tshaj li ntawm 60 cm thiab ntau qhov chaw, thiab nws cheeb tsam yuav tsum muaj kwv yees li 60 × 80 cm Muaj cov av dej ze ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog qhov tseem ceeb, caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav tsis tsum flooded nrog melted snow. Grapes, ntawm chav kawm, hlub dej, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv xws li qhov ntau.
Thiab hauv av nyob rau hauv uas koj yuav cog sprouts yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav. Nws yuav tsum tau moistened. Nws tseem ceeb sib luag kom tshem tawm thaj tsam ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab loosen cov av.
Grape keeb kwm ua ntej cog tseem yuav tsum tau ua.
Ua ntej, lawv yuav tsum raug kho nrog cov tshuaj uas tsim kev loj hlob (thiab yog tias yuav cov petioles, lawv yuav tsum tau nyob hauv ib qho kev daws teeb meem rau 24 xuab moos), tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tua kabmob raug siv, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd cov hlais kev huv ntawm cov hauv paus ua tiav raws li theem kawg ntawm kev ua. 
Lub txav mus rau qhov chaw uas koj npaj siab yuav muab tso rau ntawm sapling yuav tsum tau npaj. Qhov no yog ua raws li nram no: hauv qab taw yuav tsum muaj ib txheej kua dej uas yog hnav khaub ncaws hnyav ntxiv, tom qab ntawd ces muab tso rau hauv.
Tom qab, nws ntog pw tsaug zog on top ntawm kev loj hlob-phooj ywg av. Yog hais tias koj tsis paub tseeb tias cov av yog tsim los yog tsis muaj, koj siv tau cov humus, nws yuav zoo kawg nkaus tiv nrog nws cov hauj lwm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias lub grapes raug cog ze ntawm lub tsev, koj yuav tsum tuav ib tug deb: nruab nrab ntawm qab daus thiab nroj tsuag yuav tsum txog ib thiab ib nrab meters.Kom qhov deb ntawm lub seedlings lawv tus kheej. Kishmish hlob zoo, yog li cog cuttings yog tsim nyog kom hais tias qhov deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv yog tsawg kawg yog 3 meters.
Qib Care
Rau qhov kev tsim txiaj ntawm "Century" yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog ib tug ua tib zoo nqa tawm txoj kev cog, tab sis kuj tu.
Zoo li lwm yam nroj tsuag, tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntawm tus tswv los yog kev kho mob tsis zoo, Bush yuav ploj mus los yog tsis tau qhov tshwm sim uas yuav tsum muaj ntawm nws, ua li nug tag nrho nws cov zoo zoo thiab kev txheeb xyuas.
Watering
Grapes - ib tug dej-hlub nroj tsuag, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov av tsis qhuav tawm. Kishmish xav tau kev niaj hnub haus. Yog tias koj muaj lub voj voog loj hauv lub tebchaws lossis tsis pub ntau lub sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem kho cov kua dej.
Dej yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm Bush. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob pub ntau ntau cov dej hauv cov av, cov txiv hmab tsis nyiam av qeeg. 
Lub hom ntawm dej - saum toj no hauv av, underground, drip - koj muaj peev xwm xaiv koj tus kheej. Nws kuj yog nyob ntawm cov kab mob kev nyuab siab. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav, watering lub grapes yuav tsum tau tshaj, thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm thaum lub Bush blooms.
Fertilizer
Tsis muaj teeb meem li cas fertile cov av, fertilizing lub grapes yuav tsis raug mob. Nws yog zoo rau ntxiv rau cov av ib tug sib tov ntawm nitrogen, poov tshuaj thiab phosphorus, thiab zoo li nplua nuj nyob rau hauv kab kawm.
Ntxiv cov noog dej kuj yuav muaj cov nyhuv siv rau ntawm qhov liv liv ntawm raisins - qhov no fertilizer muaj tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog rau lub grapes thiab yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau no nroj tsuag. Ntxiv chiv quav yuav tsim nyog yog tias cov av feem ntau av nplaum.
Fertilizers yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua txhua xyoo, vim hais tias lawv, vim lub ntsiab lus ntawm tseem ceeb heev rau cov nroj tsuag, muaj ib tug zoo zoo rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev mob ntawm grapes. 
Pruning
Qhov txheej txheem no ua rau kom muaj kev tawm dag zog, yog li peb tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej qhov theem ntawm cov nroj tsuag no.
Txij li thaum lub qhov muag nyob ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm tus tua tsis muaj high fruitfulness, kev paub winegrowers twv yuav raug hu kom nws.
Koj tseem yuav xav paub txog pruning pears, txiv apples, currants, peaches, plums, cherries, apricots, kolonovidnyh kua.Ua li no, koj yuav tsum xav tau ib lub sijhawm thiab me ntsis sij hawm (nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub vaj txiv hmab, ntawm chav kawm). Lub essence ntawm kev kho mob yog los tshem tawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua thiab pruning cov neeg uas twb tau tswj kom woody, tsuas yog 1/3 ntawm lawv yog sab laug.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum nqa tawm manipulation nrog ib tug nroj tsuag tsis mus kov lub ntsiab fruitful tua, yog li ntawd nws yog advisable kom prune li deb li sai tau los ntawm nws. 
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Grapes ntawm sultanas "Century" yog heev resistant mus rau cov kab mob xws li mildew thiab oidium, thiab tsis predisposed rau cov kab mob nyob rau hauv tus. Rau qhov no yog vim li cas, grapes feem ntau tsis xav tau kev kho mob tawm tsam xws li cov kab mob.
Nroj tsuag rot kuj tsis pom.
Kev kho mob tawm tsam kab tsuag "Ntseeg xyoo" xav tau. Cov yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam yog ob-xyoo-laus leafworm, uas muaj ib tug cwj pwm ntawm nce toj nyob rau hauv lub bark thiab infecting lub nroj tsuag los ntawm sab hauv, thiab phylloxera, qhov txaus ntshai ntawm uas yog sai sai luam.
Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov kab mob txaus ntshai ntawm cov txiv hmab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog Alternaria.Ib tug txau ntawm cov txiv hmab nrog ib qho kev npaj rau qhov no yog siv tawm tsam ob xyoos-xyoos mothworm, thiab tawm tsam phylloxera, rootstocks uas yog resistant rau cov nroj tsuag yog cog, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog tshuaj kho mob los yog tshwj xeeb cuab.
Rau os lub sultry "Centenary", raws li ib txoj cai, tsis muaj kev txaus siab. 
Lub caij ntuj no
Grape ntau yam "Century" yog resistant kom txias. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus kub txog -25 ° C. Pawg nrog berries tau dai rau heev Frost. Koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas lawv cov peev xwm thiab lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Piv txwv, yog tias koj tsuas cog lub raisin thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, ces koj yuav tsum tau npog nws rau lub caij ntuj no. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yog mus nkaum qhov cov nroj tsuag ntawm Frost nyob rau hauv thawj 3-4 xyoo ntawm lub neej. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm cheeb tsam yuav ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm no.
Yog li, yog tias cov winters hauv koj cheeb tsam yog sov thiab tsis muaj frosts loj heev - koj tsis tuaj yeem txhawj txog cov txiv hmab, nws yuav tiv thaiv zoo nrog cov khaub thuas txias, yog tias nws hlob zuj zus mus rau sab qab teb, txij thaum qaum teb thiab sab qaum teb tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau fab.
Av yuav siv tau rau ua kom sov lub raisins (bushes yog them nrog ib txheej ntawm 20 cm), thiab kev siv ntawm Moss, nplooj thiab sawdust yog tseem haum. 
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Ua ntej cog cov txiv hmab hauv koj lub ntsiab lus, peb xav kom koj paub koj tus kheej tsis yog nrog lub peculiarities ntawm kev tu nws, tab sis kuj nrog nws zoo thiab tsis zoo, uas peb yuav xyuas nyias.
Yog li, cov txiaj ntsim ntawm lub Centennial Rishumish muaj xws li:
- grapes tsis tu ncua nqa high yield;
- nws yog resistant mus rau cov kab mob, nyob rau hauv kev - mildew thiab oidium, nyob rau hauv saib ntawm uas nws tsis yuav tsum tau kev kho mob tawm tsam lawv;
- Qhov no ntau yam yuav zus on txhua hom ntawm av, yog hais tias txaus mloog yog them rau fertilizing av;
- tsis muaj tus mob rotting thiab pea cog;
- ntau yam resistant kom txias;
- Qhov no grape yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau transportable, uas yog, thaum lub sij hawm thauj mus los, lub berries tsis lwj thiab khaws ib tug zoo nkauj kev nthuav qhia;
- qhov muaj nag lossis daus thiab ncaj qha tshav ntuj yog tsis tso tawm kom pom ntawm berries - lawv tsis tawg;
- raisins yog cov zoo rau kev ua kom zoo;
- berries yog feem ntau siv rau kev npaj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo xam lav, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv muesli.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub grapes tsis yog li ntawd. Ntau dua li, nws tsuas yog ib qho thiab yog ncaj qha ntsig txog qhov tsos.Thiab qhov tshaj plaws yog hais tias ncaj qha tshav ntuj rau cov pawg tom qab hloov mus rau hauv ib tawg ntawm me me xim av me ntsis nyob rau hauv berries.
Nws yog zoo dua mus tau tshem ntawm xws li berries, thiaj li muaj ib qho yuav tsum tau mus rau nyias tawm sau.
Kishmish "Lub xyoo" tsis ntev dhau los nyob rau ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub CIS, tab sis qhov kev piav qhia ntawm no ntau yam thiab tag nrho nws cov yam ntxwv ua rau peb to taub tias nws tsis nyob rau hauv vain tias nws poob nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog cov neeg cog khoom.
Qhov ntau yam tsis yuav tshwj xeeb mloog rau nws tus kheej, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws muaj zoo heev saj thiab nrog txoj kev saib xyuas nws yuav muaj tseeb thov cov tswv nrog hnyav ua ke.
