Tsis ntev los no, txaus siab nyob rau hauv cov tshiab breeds ntawm chickens yog sai nce, yog li nws tsis yog xav tsis thoob hais tias txawm ntau txawv npe nyiam xim. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tsom ntsoov rau xws li, tsis yog tus qauv qaib, hu ua "bielefelder". Cov kev kho mob zoo li cas lawv tau txais thiab dab tsi uas lawv yuav tsum paub txog nqaij qaib qe - nyeem rau.
Kev piav qhia thiab nta ntawm yug menyuam
Lub ntsiab feature ntawm bielefelder yog txawv xim, tab sis ua ntej to taub tag nrho cov nuances ntawm cov tsos ntawm no poultry, peb yuav qhia ib me ntsis txog keeb kwm ntawm nws keeb kwm.
Yug me nyuam
Lub keeb kwm ntawm yug me nyuam cov lus yug muaj ntau tshaj plaub caug xyoo txij li thaum nws tau bred los ntawm breeders nyob rau hauv lub 70s ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tau txais chickens yuav luag sai rau lawv los yeej muaj kev hlub ntawm cov neeg ua teb nyob rau ntau lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb, ntawm cov uas cov yug ntxeev yog tsis kos. 
Bielefelder muaj keeb kwm German, thiab nws "niam txiv" yog Herbert Roth. Cov pej xeem sawv daws tau kawm txog tus tsiaj hauv 1976, thaum nws cov neeg sawv cev tau ua pej xeem hauv lub tso suab "German Txhais", uas tau muaj nyob rau hauv Hannover. Tom qab ntawd tus qaib tsis muaj lub npe niaj hnub no, thiab lub npe "bielefelder" tshwm sim me ntsis tom qab, thaum nws tau txais los ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm German Breeding Birds Federation thiab muab ib qho kev txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv lub yug raws li ib tug tag nrho.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau xyoo 1984, cov noog uas tsiaj, zoo ib yam li bielefelder, tab sis me ntsis me, tau txais kev pom zoo ib yam tsiaj txhu, vim tias cov neeg pib sib tham txog cov ntses ntau yam xws li qaib.
Nyob rau hauv luv luv, kawm qhov kev piav qhia ntawm tus noog, peb muaj peev xwm hais tias lub breeder tau txais heev kev ncaj ncees tshwm sim: Cov no yog cov loj qaib, ib txwm ua los ntawm tus cwj pwm, uas muaj kev txaus nyiam heev thiab tsis ntshai Frost. Tsis tas li, tag nrho cov neeg sawv cev kuj muaj cov qe zoo heev. 
Tau txais cov yeeb yam zoo li no, cov kws kho mob tau siv ntau dua ib hom tsiaj, uas tau rhais kob, tshiab hampshire, welsumer, amroxes. Txhua tus tuaj yeem pab tsim kom muaj tus noog tshiab.
Nyeem kuj hais txog qhov breeds ntawm chickens: maran, master grey, highsex, brahma, Poltava, leggorn, Kuchinskaya hnub tseem ceeb, Zagorskaya salmon, Adler silver, redbro.
Lwm tus yam ntxwv
Niaj hnub no muaj ntau ntau yam loj ntawm cov nqaij qaib nqaij thiab qe, tab sis qhov no yug sawv tawm tsam lawv tom qab nrog ib tug zoo nkauj heev thiab txawv xim ntawm plumage - golden-dub xim muaj me me kab txaij. Sab nraub qaum, lub caj dab thiab taub hau ntawm cov roosters sib txawv hauv ocher xim, thiab cov qe dawb dawb pom thoob plaws hauv lub cev, tov nrog dub kab txaij. Lub plumage yog ntom. 
Lub cev ntawm lub roos muaj ib tug zoo nkauj, nrog ib lub dav hauv siab thiab nruab nrab tis. Lub plab yog sib npaug thiab zoo li yuav tas li tas. Zoo pom thiab me ntsis tsa Tail, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog rau tag nrho liab qab. Lub xub pwg ntawm cov txiv neej yog qhov dav, thiab lub caj dab muaj hwj chim thiab npuaj heev nrog cov plaub. Cov pob liab liab txawv hauv nruab nrab me me thiab cov qauv zoo li qub. Nyob rau ntawm nplooj ntoos qoob loo muaj plaub pluaj hniav loj thiab ib qho me me rau ntawm qhov xaus. Lawv muaj cov lauj kaub thiab qwj txwv qis. Qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg laus yog li 4-4.5 kg.
Hauv qhov txawv ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm kev sib deev, tus poj niam ib nrab ntawm cov coop muaj cwj pwm liab thiab lub taub hau, thiab ntawm lub plab thiab cov sab muaj cov teeb ci xim av, maj mam tig mus ua xim dub thiab dawb, thiab tom qab ntawd ces xim av kab txaij nyob rau nraub qaum. Zoo li cov txiv neej, lub plumage yog qhov zoo nkauj thiab dav. Cov hws 'mis yog me ntsis dav tshaj cov neeg roosters, lawv lub plab yog ntau fuller, thiab rau pem hauv ntej bending ntawm lub cev muaj lub me me. Ob tus txiv neej thiab pojniam ua kom nws tau txais cov nqaij zoo heev, thiab tom kawg kuj muaj ntau lub qe. Qhov ceeb thawj ntawm ib tug neeg laus nqaij qaib yog 3.5-3.9 kg. 
Tus cwj pwm ntawm Bielefeldors yog tus ywj pheej thiab thaj yeeb nyab xeeb. Lawv yeej tsis tsuag tsuag thiab taug kev ncig lub vaj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus qhia txog cov nqaij qaib yog cov xim uas muaj hnub nyoog ntawm cov menyuam hnub nyoog. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias kom sai raws li nqaij qaib hatches los ntawm qe, lub breeder yuav paub tam sim ntawd paub uas yog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws: ib tug qaib los yog ib tug nqaij qaib. Cov txiv neej feem ntau yog daj, nrog lub teeb cinnamon rau tom qab thiab qhov chaw kaj ci ntsa iab hauv cheeb tsam lub taub hau. Lub hens yog ib tsos tsaus tsawv, dhau mus, lawv pom meej dub kab txaij nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag thiab nyob tom qab.
Tag nrho cov bielefelders loj sai sai thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov hnyav, uas yog xov xwm zoo rau cov yug tsiaj.
Productivity
Piav qhia txog qhov yug ntawm chickens, nws tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis nco qab lawv siab tsim tau nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm qe qhuav. Qe yog loj, thiab qaib maj yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm, yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv ib xyoos 190-230 qe yuav sau los ntawm ib tug noog xwb (lawv txawv hauv lub teeb plhu xim daj, thiab lawv qhov hnyav yog li 60-70 g). 
Lub siab tshaj plaws tsim tau ntawm chickens ncav cuag nyob rau ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm ob xyoos, muab hais tias reproduction ntawm cov qe pib ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm rau lub hlis. Nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam muaj peb xyoos, lub qe-tso indices poob dua thiab tsis rov qab mus rau yav dhau los cov nuj nqis.
Peb qhia rau koj txog kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov qaib: Sussex, Kokhinkhin, Brown Slang, Orpington, Dominants, Minorca, Dub Bearded, Lavxias Dawb, Andalusian, Fireball, Vianandot.
Yuav ua li cas mus nrhiav thaum twg yuav
Rau yug me nyuam qaib ntawm Bielefelder yug ntawm koj lub ntsiab lus, koj tuaj yeem muas tau hatched qaib los yog yuav qe los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov yug menyuam. Nyob rau hauv tom kawg rooj plaub, cov kev pheej hmoo ntau dua, vim nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los txiav txim seb koj puas muag qhov koj xav tau. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias txhua tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua raws nraim nrog qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm lub qe tau los ntawm hens ntawm no yug, tab sis txawm yog hais tias tsis muaj qhov tsis xws rau lawv, nws nyuaj rau twv seb ntau npaum li cas tus yug yuav thiab yog hais tias yuav muaj tej nqaij qaib.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua ntej yuav muab cov qe ua kom zoo, lawv lub neej yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 5 hnub. Ntxiv mus, txheej txheem cia yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv cov kev mob uas tsim nyog, ntawm qhov kub li ntawm + 8 ... + 12 ° C.
Nrog purchase ntawm twb paub tab ua me me koj yuav tau mus rau qhov twg ntau muaj feem yuav tau txais cov neeg sawv cev zoo tiag tiag ntawm tus tsiaj. Txhua yam uas xav tau yog los kuaj xyuas txhua nqaij qaib thiab them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau nws cov xim: hauv cov txiv neej, plumage yuav yog xim daj, nrog ib tug "khau" qhov chaw kaj ci hauv lub taub hau, thiab nyob rau hauv lub hens nws cov xim yog me ntsis darker. Ntxiv mus, txawm nyob hauv cov khaub ncaws me me nws yooj yim pom dub kab txaij nyob ib ncig ntawm ob lub qhov muag, uas yog lwm yam cwj pwm zoo. 
"Nrhiav kom paub" cov niam txiv ntawm cov qaib yuav tau pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev chim siab. Kom sai li sai tau, sim ua rau tus kheej soj ntsuam cov xwm txheej ntawm cov nqaij qaib thiab nws cov tsos, uas yuav tsum tau ua raws nraim li cov cai ntawm Bielefelder breed.
Cov xwm txheej ntawm kev raug txim
Vim tias tus loj me me ntawm cov hens uas tau qhia txog yug, nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas xav tias lawv yuav xav tau ib qho nqi ntawm qhov chaw rau cov kev pab zoo. Qhov no siv rau ob qho tib si sab hauv ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev taug kev.
Cov qaib yuav tsum txhim kho tej yam mob zoo li ntawd, thaum mus taug kev, lawv tsis tuaj yeem pheej thuam lwm tus, yog li ntawd, yog tias qhov chaw tso cai, nws zoo dua li ib leeg rau ib tug 1 m². Thaum twg yog tus txheej txheem ntawm qhov chaw nkaum, ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog qhov nyhav dhau ntawm tus cwj pwm, vim yog tias koj tso lawv siab, ces, sim mus txog tod, cov qaib yuav poob thiab raug mob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yuav ib qhov siab ntawm 50 cm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj qus tau piav qhia tsis sib haum, thiab lawv qhov kev tu siab tsis pub lawv mus sib ntaus sib tua dua txheeb ze txheeb ze (piv txwv li, qe ntau yam ntawm cov qaib thiab crosses). Cov tom kawg tau noj tas li los ntawm lawv, thiab nyob rau lub sij hawm lawv yuav quab yuam lawv tawm hauv thaj av uas nyob hauv.
Tseem tshuav ib qho tseem ceeb heev: Yog tias koj muaj ntau cov neeg ntxeev siab thiab koj twb tau zaum hauv cov henhouses sib txawv lawm, ces koj tuaj yeem tsis coj cov txiv neej ua ke dua, vim hais tias, feem ntau, lawv yuav pib ua kom sib ntxub. 
Loog rau kev taug kev
Tsis muaj teeb meem loj npaum li cas qhov dav coop yog, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias kev loj hlob ntawm cov qub bielefelders lawv xav tau thiab niaj zaus mus kevqhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ib qho qhib loog. Yog hais tias tsis muaj lwm yam txhoj puab heev nyob ze ze ntawm nqaij qaib coop thiab hauv tsev thiab koj tuaj yeem nqa cov qaib nrog kev nyab xeeb, ces qhov no yuav yog ib qho zoo rau qhov teeb meem.
Taug kev dawb, lawv tus kheej yuav nrhiav tau zaub mov rau lawv tus kheej, uas txhais tau hais tias nws yuav muaj peev xwm txuag tau pub, thiab yuav muaj txiaj ntsim ntau dua los ntawm cov zaub mov noj. Nyob rau hnub kub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau hloov tus neeg haus luam yeeb nyob ib ncig ntawm lub voj voog, thiab tseem sim ua kom cov noog muaj ib txoj kev pub dawb rov qab rau lub tsev qub.
Txwv tsis pub kom tau cov nqaij qaib nrog cov noog qus (lawv feem ntau yog cov nqa khoom ntawm ntau yam kab mob), koj tuaj yeem ncab cov kab hauv qhov chaw taug kev.
Yuav noj dab tsi
Raws li qhov kev piav qhia ntawm Bielefelder yug thiab tshuaj xyuas cov neeg ua liaj ua teb uas tau ntev tau koom rau hauv cov qe xws li qaib, lawv tsis tuaj yeem txog khoom noj thiab calmly noj yuav luag txhua qhov chaw pub. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom noj lawv yuav tsum muaj cov vitamins thiab microelements, uas txhais tau hais tias koj yuav tsum ntxiv zaub rau cov zaub mov (beets, cabbage, peas, soybeans thiab pob kws). Raws li lub ntsiab lus "tais," cov noog tau muab bran, pob kws thiab oats, tab sis rau qhov ua tau (feem ntau yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov), nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom muaj ntau cov zaub ntsuab hauv kev noj haus. 
Rau cov qe ntau lawm, qaib yuav tsum tau tas li ntxiv nqaij qaib thiab nqaij ntses thiab pluag mov noj, nrog rau kev ua kom paub chalk, rakushnyak thiab qe shells hauv kev sib tsoo, ntawm chav kawm, muaj av lawv zoo.
Yog hais tias koj yug chickens rau cov qe qhuav xwbces tsis muaj cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau siv, es tsis txhob koj muab tau lawv cov khoom noj protein ntau: tsev cheese, zaub ntsuab, qe, thiab pib ntawm 1.5 lub hlis - av nplej thiab barley. Cov noog yuav tau pub 2-3 zaus ib hnub twg, hloov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom noj qhuav thiab ntub zom ntub (piv txwv li, thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj qhuav rations, thiab nyob rau yav tav su uas muaj porridge nrog xua av). Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, los ntawm pub muaj peev xwm feem ntau abandoned.
Txhaj tshuaj, tu thiab tu
Bielefeldars muaj kev noj qab haus huv zoo, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais hais tias lawv tsis tas yuav tu kom zoo. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev huv hauv cov nqaij qaib coop thiab nyob rau hauv cov chaw ntawm cov noog taug kev. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no yug, kab tias txawm ntau tshaj lawv cov txheeb ze, yog cov neeg raug mob siab thiab av, uas txhais tau hais tias nws yuav tsis ua kom tsis txhob muaj kev tuag ntawm cov tsiaj hauv cov neeg mob tsis huv. 
Kev ntxuav dav Nws raug nquahu tias chav yuav tsum nyob rau tam sim ntawd nrog rau lub sijhawm tuaj txog caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tshem cov khib nyiab thiab kho cov dej haus nrog cov dej kub nrog ntxiv ntawm caustic soda. Rau lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua tiav cov noog no pauv mus rau lwm chav. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev tu lub tsev ntawm lub tsev pov tseg. Cov zaus ntawm txoj haujlwm no nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm chav tsev thiab tus naj npawb ntawm nws cov neeg nyob.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Rau cov nyhuv ntau dua, hauv pem teb hauv lub tsev pojniam tuaj yeem kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb, uas yooj yim mus nrhiav tau hauv cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb.
Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob yuav qis dua nyob rau hauv cov nqaij qaib kom huv si, ntawm ib qho chaw txaus thiab nrog kev noj haus tag nrho, uas muaj ntau heev ntawm greenery.
Raws li rau poultry txhaj tshuajces txhua tus tswv tsev txiav txim siab seb nws xav tau lossis tsis ua, tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua qhov teeb meem nws yuav pab tau kom paub lub tswv yim ntawm tus kws kho tsiaj. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav piav qhia txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv twg uas siv tau rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim, thiab tseem yuav ntsuam xyuas qhov tsim nyog ntawm lawv txoj kev siv. 
Rearing
Bielefelder chickens yug ntse tsis tau kev pabcuam pejxeem, tabsis rau cov tswv uas tsom rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov yug menyuam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav los tswj cov txheej txheem no. Feem ntau, ua rau cov qe (koj noj tau los ntawm koj tus noog los yog lwm qhov chaw yug) siv cov pliav tshwj xeeb, thiab tus tswv yuav tsuas nteg qe rau nws thiab tswj tus txheej txheem nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog.
Nws tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab rau txoj hauj lwm no, thiab tom qab ua tib zoo nyeem tag nrho cov cai ntawm kev siv lub tshuab, ib tug yuav cia siab tias muaj siab hatchability ntawm me nyaum qaib.
Tu thiab kev saib xyuas
Zoo li ib tug neeg laus noog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua kom chiv huam me me ntxiv. Lawv zoo li qhov tsis zoo rau lub qhov av, cov tais, los yog cov khoom noj tshav ntuj, vim tias cov hluas yuav mob. Thaum tu cov me nyuam qaib me me, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ntxuav cov chiv txhua zaus thiab hloov dej, nquag tu qhov khoom pov tseg (tsawg kawg yog 1 zaug hauv ib hnub). 
Pub Noj
Sawv cev ntawm no yug me nyuam sai sai thiab nce phaus, yog li ntawd lawv xav tau zaub mov noj muaj protein ntau cov ntsiab lus.
Koj puas paub? Qee tus tswv tsev tau pom ib qho tshuaj ntxim siab heev rau qhov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj, tsuas yog ntxiv cov zaub mov noj me nyuam me (puppies) rau kev noj haus ntawm cov me nyuam qaib.
Feem ntau, qhov kev xaiv no tsis yog qhov kev txiav txim siab, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo li no tseem ceeb heev rau lub cev pob txha loj hlob, tab sis dua, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm qhov khoom siv thiab tsis siv nws hauv unlimited naj npawb. 
Muaj ntau zaus ib lub lim tiam, qaib muab tau zoo-taum hlais ntses thiab tsev cheese, uas yuav ua rau lub cev loj hlob nrog calcium thiab protein nws xav tau. Los ntawm cov qoob loo lis, koj tuaj yeem tau peas, taum pauv, barley, hom qoob mog, thiab oats rau kev noj haus, tsis tseg ib zaug ntxiv cov zaub khis rau lawv.
Txhawm rau muab lawv cov pawg ntseeg nrog cov khoom muaj protein ntau, ib txhia tswv lag luam kuj tsim dung heaps thiaj li xaiv cov cua nab thaum lub sijhawm. Ntawm chav kawm, qhov no yog tag nrho xaiv, tab sis yuav muaj ntau ntawm cov kev pab los ntawm xws li ib tug kev txiav txim siab: thawj, tus qaib yuav tau txais ntau ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb, thiab ob, cov nroj tsuag uas cog nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb yuav fertilized nrog ntxiv humus.
Bielefelder qaib yog ib qho yooj yim kom tswj, yog li lawv tsim nyog rau kev cog qoob loo rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thiab cov noog tshiab nqaij qaib, thiab cov qe nqaij thiab cov qe qaum yuav yog ib qho khoom plig rau kev tu thiab tu kom zoo.
